10 Hyponatraemia

Adams, 1959, Central pontine myelinolysis. A hitherto undescribed disease occurring in alcoholic and malnourished patients, Archives of Neurology, 81, 154 Alvis, 1985, Hypo- and hyperosmolar states: diagnostic approaches, 185 Amatruda, 1963, Carcinoma of the lung with inappropriate antidiuresis. Demonstration of antidiuretic hormone-like activity in tumour extract, New England Journal of Medicine, 269, 544, 10.1056/NEJM196309122691102 Anderson, 1985, Hyponatremia: a prospective analysis of its epidemiology and the pathogenetic role of vasopressin, Annals of Internal Medicine, 102, 164, 10.7326/0003-4819-102-2-164 Arieff, 1984, Central nervous system manifestations of disordered sodium metabolism, Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 13, 269, 10.1016/S0300-595X(84)80022-5 Arieff, 1986, Hyponatremia, convulsions, respiratory arrest, and permanent brain damage after elective surgery in healthy women, New England Journal of Medicine, 314, 1529, 10.1056/NEJM198606123142401 Arieff, 1976, Neurological manifestations and morbidity of hyponatremia: correlation with brain water and electrolytes, Medicine, 55, 121, 10.1097/00005792-197603000-00002 Ayus, 1982, Rapid correction of severe hyponatremia with intravenous hypertonic saline solution, American Journal of Medicine, 72, 43, 10.1016/0002-9343(82)90575-7 Ayus, 1985, Changing concepts in treatment of severe symptomatic hyponatremia, American Journal of Medicine, 78, 897, 10.1016/0002-9343(85)90209-8 Ayus, 1985, Rapid correction of severe hyponatremia in the rat. Histopathological changes in the brain, American Journal of Physiology, 248, F711 Ayus, 1987, Treatment of symptomatic hyponatremia and its relation to brain damage, New England Journal of Medicine, 317, 1190, 10.1056/NEJM198711053171905 Baratz, 1960, Renal hemodynamics and antidiuretic hormone release associated with volume regulation, American Journal of Physiology, 198, 565, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1960.198.3.565 Bartter, 1967, The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, American Journal of Medicine, 42, 790, 10.1016/0002-9343(67)90096-4 Bichet, 1985, Role of vasopressin in abnormal water excretion in edematous disorders, 525 Byun, 1984, The mechanism of chlorpropamide antidiuresis in diabetes insipidus, Clinical Research, 32, 483A Carrhilo, 1977, Renal failure associated with demeclocycline in cirrhosis, Annals of Internal Medicine, 87, 195, 10.7326/0003-4819-87-2-195 Carroll, 1989, Presentation of isolated ACTH deficiency as chronic hyponatremia, New York State Journal of Medicine Chan, 1973, A study of the mechanism of vasopressin escape: effects of chronic vasopressin and overhydration on renal tissue osmolality and electrolytes in dogs, Journal of Pharmacological and Experimental Therapeutics, 184, 244 Cohen, 1984, Occult pulmonary malignancy in syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion with normal ADH levels, Chest, 86, 929, 10.1378/chest.86.6.929 Cooke, 1979, The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH): pathophysiologic mechanisms in solute and volume regulation, Medicine, 58, 240, 10.1097/00005792-197905000-00004 Cowley, 1984, Long term blood pressure and metabolic effects of vasopressin with servo-controlled fluid volume, American Journal of Physiology, 247, R537 Decaux, 1980, Treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by urea, American Journal of Medicine, 69, 99, 10.1016/0002-9343(80)90506-9 DeTroyer, 1976, Clinical, biological and pathogenic features of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 55, 521 Farber, 1982, Abnormalities of sodium and H2O handling in chronic obstructive lung disease, Archives of Internal Medicine, 142, 1326, 10.1001/archinte.1982.00340200086019 Fichman, 1971, Diuretic-induced hyponatremia, Annals of Internal Medicine, 75, 853, 10.7326/0003-4819-75-6-853 Flear, 1981, Hyponatraemia: mechanisms and management, Lancet, ii, 26, 10.1016/S0140-6736(81)90261-0 Forrest, 1978, Superiority of demeclocylcine over lithium in the treatment of chronic syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, New England Journal of Medicine, 298, 173, 10.1056/NEJM197801262980401 George, 1972, Biosynthesis of vasopressin in vitro and ultrastructure of a bronchogenic carcinoma, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 51, 141, 10.1172/JCI106784 Goldman, 1988, Mechanisms of altered water metabolism in psychotic patients with polydipsia and hyponatremia, New England Journal of Medicine, 318, 397, 10.1056/NEJM198802183180702 Grantham, 1977, Pathophysiology of hypo-osmolar conditions: a cellular perspective, 217 Grantham, 1984, The effect of hyponatremia on the regulation of intracellular volume and solute composition, Circulatory Research, 54, 483, 10.1161/01.RES.54.5.483 Gross, 1982, Effects of DDAVP and AVP on sodium and water balance in conscious rat, American Journal of Physiology, 243, R512 Gross, 1983, Mechanisms of escape from desmopressin in the rat, Circulation Research, 53, 794, 10.1161/01.RES.53.6.794 Gross, 1987, Pathogenesis of clinical hyponatremia: observations of vasopressin and fluid intake in 100 hyponatremic medical patients, European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 17, 123, 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1987.tb02391.x Hainsworth, 1983, Management of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in small cell lung cancer, Cancer, 51, 161, 10.1002/1097-0142(19830101)51:1<161::AID-CNCR2820510131>3.0.CO;2-P Hall, 1986, Renal escape from vasopressin: role of pressure diuresis, American Journal of Physiology, 250, F907 Hantman, 1973, Rapid correction of hyponatremia in the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. An alternative treatment to hypertonic saline, Annals of Internal Medicine, 78, 870, 10.7326/0003-4819-78-6-870 Hoffman, 1977, Control of cell volume, 285 Holliday, 1968, Factors that limit brain volume changes in response to acute and sustained hyper- and hyponatremia, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 47, 1916, 10.1172/JCI105882 Illowsky, 1987, Encephalopathy and myelinolysis after rapid correction of hyponatremia, Brain, 110, 855, 10.1093/brain/110.4.855 Katz, 1973, Hyperglycemia-incuded hyponatremia—calculation of expected serum sodium depression, New England Journal of Medicine, 289, 843, 10.1056/NEJM197310182891607 Keil, 1977, Reduction in plasma vasopressin levels of dehydrated rats following acute stress, Endocrinology, 100, 30, 10.1210/endo-100-1-30 Kennedy PGE, Mitchell DM & Hoffbrand BI (978) Severe hyponatremia in hospital inpatients. British Medical Journal ii: 1251–1253. Kinter, 1988, Antagonists of the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin, American Journal of Physiology, 254, F165 Kleinfeld, 1979, Hyponatremia as observed in a chronic disease facility, Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 27, 156, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1979.tb06439.x Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, 1981, Rapid correction of hyponatremia causes demyelination—relation to central pontine myelinolysis, Science, 211, 1068, 10.1126/science.7466381 Ladenson, 1981, Misleading hyponatremia due to hyperlipemia: a method-dependent error, Annals of Internal Medicine, 95, 707, 10.7326/0003-4819-95-6-707 Laureno, 1983, Central pontine myelinolysis following rapid correction of hyponatremia, Annals of Neurology, 13, 232, 10.1002/ana.410130303 Leaf, 1953, Evidence in man that urinary electrolyte loss induced by Pitressin is a function of water retention, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 32, 868, 10.1172/JCI102805 Levinsky, 1959, Changes in urine concentration during prolonged administration of vasopressin and water, American Journal of Physiology, 196, 451, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.196.2.451 Linas, 1980, Role of vasopressin in the impaired water excretion of glucocorticoid deficiency, Kidney International, 18, 58, 10.1038/ki.1980.110 Melton, 1987, Volume of regulatory loss of Na, Cl and K from rat brain during acute hyponatremia, American Journal of Physiology, 252, F661 Michelis, 1974, Reset of osmoreceptors in association with normovolemic hyponatremia, American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 267, 267, 10.1097/00000441-197405000-00002 Miller, 1976, Drug-induced states of impaired water excretion, Kidney International, 10, 96, 10.1038/ki.1976.81 Narins, 1986, Therapy of hyponatremia. Does haste make waste?, New England Journal of Medicine, 314, 1573, 10.1056/NEJM198606123142409 Nolph, 1970, Sodium, potassium and water metabolism in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, American Journal of Medicine, 49, 534, 10.1016/S0002-9343(70)80048-1 Norenberg, 1984, Chronicity of hyponatremia as a factor in experimental myelinolysis, Annals of Neurology, 15, 544, 10.1002/ana.410150606 Norenberg, 1982, Association between rise in serum sodium and central pontine myelinosis, Annals of Neurology, 11, 128, 10.1002/ana.410110204 North, 1980, Human neurophysins as potential tumor markers for small cell carcinoma of the lung: application of specific radioimmunoassays, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 51, 892, 10.1210/jcem-51-4-892 Owen, 1968, A comparison of plasma electrolyte and urea values in healthy persons and in hospital patients, Clinica Chimica Acta, 22, 611, 10.1016/0009-8981(68)90110-1 Padfield, 1976, Plasma arginine vasopressin in the syndrome of antidiuretic hormone excess associated with bronchogenic carcinoma, American Journal of Medicine, 61, 825, 10.1016/0002-9343(76)90406-X Padfield, 1981, Blood pressure in acute and chronic vasopressin excess. Studies of malignant hypertension and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, New England Journal of Medicine, 304, 1067, 10.1056/NEJM198104303041803 Robertson, 1987, Diseases of the posterior pituitary, 338 Robertson, 1986, Water metabolism, 385 Robertson, 1982, Neurogenic disorders of osmoregulation, American Journal of Medicine, 72, 339, 10.1016/0002-9343(82)90825-7 Robinson, 1985, Disorders of antidiuretic hormone secretion, Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 14, 55, 10.1016/S0300-595X(85)80065-7 Robinson, 1988, Disorders of sodium and water balance associated with adrenal, thyroid and pituitary disease, 2795 Rowe, 1979, Influence of the emetic reflex on vasopressin release in man, Kidney International, 16, 729, 10.1038/ki.1979.189 Rymer, 1973, Protective adaptation of brain to water intoxication, Archives of Neurology, 28, 49, 10.1001/archneur.1973.00490190067009 Schrier, 1985, Treatment of hyponatremia, New England Journal of Medicine, 312, 1121, 10.1056/NEJM198504253121709 Schrier, 1988, Pathogenesis of sodium and water retention in high-output and low-output cardiac failure, nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis and pregnancy, New England Journal of Medicine, 319, 1065, 10.1056/NEJM198810203191606 Schrier, 1988, Pathogenesis of sodium and water retention in high-output and low-output cardiac failure, nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis and pregnancy, New England Journal of Medicine, 319, 1127, 10.1056/NEJM198810273191705 Scahwartz, 1957, A syndrome of renal sodium loss and hyponatremia probably resulting from inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, American Journal of Medicine, 23, 529, 10.1016/0002-9343(57)90224-3 Smith, 1979, Acute and chronic effects of vasopressin on blood pressure, electrolytes and fluid volumes, American Journal of Physiology, 237, F233 Sterns, 1987, Severe symptomatic hyponatremia: treatment and outcome, Annals of Internal Medicine, 107, 656, 10.7326/0003-4819-107-5-656 Sterns, 1986, Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia, New England Journal of Medicine, 314, 1535, 10.1056/NEJM198606123142402 Stormont, 1961, The genesis of hyponatremia associated with marked overhydration and water intoxication, Circulation, 24, 191, 10.1161/01.CIR.24.2.191 Thomas, 1978, Severe hyponatramia. A study of 17 patients, Lancet, i, 621, 10.1016/S0140-6736(78)91133-9 Tomlinson, 1976, Central pontine myelinolysis. Two cases associated with electrolyte disturbance, Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 40, 373 Uretsky, 1985, Plasma vasopressin response to osmotic and hemodynamic stimuli in heart failure, American Journal of Physiology, 248, H396 Verbalis, 1984, An experimental model of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in the rat, American Journal of Physiology, 247, E540 Verbalis, 1988, Absence of resetting of the osmotic threshold for vasopressin secretion during chronic hypoosmolality, Clinical Research, 36, 556A Verbalis, 1989, Inappropriate antidiuresis and other hypo-osmolar states, 237 Verbalis, 1988, Adaptation to chronic hypoosmolality in rats, Kidney Intrernational, 34, 351, 10.1038/ki.1988.188 Verbalis, 1989, Osmotic demyelination is dependent on both the rate and magnitude of correction of chronic hyponatremia in rats, Clinical Research, 37, 586A Verbalis, 1989, Correction of chronic hyponatremia with a vasopressin receptor antagonist is associated with brain myelinolysis in rats, Clinical Research, 37, 586A Verbalis, 1986, Osmotic regulation of plasma vasopressin and oxytocin following sustained hyponatremia, American Journal of Physiology, 250, R444 Verbalis, 1988, Effect of protein intake on inner medullary urea nitrogen and natriuresis during inappropriate antidiuresis in rats, Metabolism, 37, 46, 10.1016/0026-0495(88)90028-5 Verbalis, 1989, Adaptive responses to sustained volume expansion in hyponatraemic rats, Journal of Endocrinology, 122, 421, 10.1677/joe.0.1220421 Vorherr, 1968, Antidiuretic principle in malignant tumor extracts from patients with inappropriate ADH syndrome, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 28, 162, 10.1210/jcem-28-2-162 Vorherr, 1970, Antidiuretic principle in tuberculous lung tissue of a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis and hyponatremia, Annals of Internal Medicine, 72, 383, 10.7326/0003-4819-72-3-383 Weiss, 1965, Hyponatremia resulting from apparently inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, American Review of Respiratory Diseases, 92, 609 Wright, 1979, Pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis, Brain, 102, 361, 10.1093/brain/102.2.361 Yamagi, 1981, Nature of the immunoreactive neurophysins in ectopic vasopressin-producing oat cell carcinomas of the lung. Demonstration of a putative common precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 68, 388, 10.1172/JCI110267 Yannet, 1940, Changes in the brain resulting from depletion of extracellular electrolytes, American Journal of Physiology, 128, 683, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1940.128.4.683 Zerbe, 1980, Vasopressin function in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis, Annual Review of Medicine, 31, 315, 10.1146/annurev.me.31.020180.001531