World Health Organization infant and young child feeding indicators and their associations with child anthropometry: a synthesis of recent findings

Maternal and Child Nutrition - Tập 10 Số 1 - Trang 1-17 - 2014
Andrew D. Jones1, Scott Ickes2, Laura E. Smith1, Mduduzi NN Mbuya3, Bernard Chasekwa3, Rebecca Heidkamp4, Purnima Menon5, Amanda Zongrone1, Robert Ntozini1
1Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca, New York, USA.
2Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences College of William and Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
3ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
4The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
5Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, New Delhi, India

Tóm tắt

Abstract

As the World Health Organization (WHO) infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators are increasingly adopted, a comparison of country‐specific analyses of the indicators' associations with child growth is needed to examine the consistency of these relationships across contexts and to assess the strengths and potential limitations of the indicators. This study aims to determine cross‐country patterns of associations of each of these indicators with child stunting, wasting, height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) and weight‐for‐height z‐score (WHZ). Eight studies using recent Demographic and Health Surveys data from a total of nine countries in sub‐Saharan Africa (nine), Asia (three) and the Caribbean (one) were identified. The WHO indicators showed mixed associations with child anthropometric indicators across countries. Breastfeeding indicators demonstrated negative associations with HAZ, while indicators of diet diversity and overall diet quality were positively associated with HAZ in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India and Zambia (P < 0.05). These same complementary feeding indicators did not show consistent relationships with child stunting. Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months of age was associated with greater WHZ in Bangladesh and Zambia (P < 0.05), although CF indicators did not show strong associations with WHZ or wasting. The lack of sensitivity and specificity of many of the IYCF indicators may contribute to the inconsistent associations observed. The WHO indicators are clearly valuable tools for broadly assessing the quality of child diets and for monitoring population trends in IYCF practices over time. However, additional measures of dietary quality and quantity may be necessary to understand how specific IYCF behaviours relate to child growth faltering.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abu‐Afarwuah S., 2007, Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana: effects on growth and motor development, American Journal of Epidemiology, 86, 412

10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08101.x

10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602144

Ali D., 2012, Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices in Ethiopia and Zambia and their association with child nutrition: analysis of demographic and health survey data, African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 12, 5895, 10.18697/ajfand.50.11320

Allen L.H., 1994, Nutritional influences on linear growth: a general review, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 48, S75

Arimond M., 2002, Progress in Developing an Infant and Child Feeding Index: An Example Using the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2000

10.1093/jn/134.10.2579

10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60250-0

10.1093/ije/25.4.693

10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00349.x

10.1177/156482650302400102

Engle P., 1996, Care and Nutrition: Concepts and Measurement

10.1080/03670244.1993.9991307

Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project (FANTA), 2006, Developing and Validating Simple Indicators of Dietary Quality and Energy Intake of Infants and Young Children in Developing Countries: Summary of Findings from Analysis of 10 Data Sets

10.1177/15648265090303S302

Habicht J.P., 2000, Short and Long Term Effects of Breast Feeding on Child Health, 193

Habicht J.P., 2002, The association between prolonged breastfeeding and poor growth – what are the implications?, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 478, 193

10.1093/jn/120.suppl_11.1519

10.1093/ije/28.1.10

10.1017/S1368980000000628

Hoddinott J., 2002, Dietary Diversity as a Food Security Indicator

ICF Macro, 2011, Demographic and Health Surveys Methodology: Interviewer's Manual

10.1007/978-1-4757-4242-8_7

10.1001/jama.285.4.413

10.1177/089033440101700406

10.1093/ije/26.2.349

10.1111/j.1740-8709.2009.00217.x

10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00380.x

10.1111/mcn.12036

10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1472

10.1016/S0140-6736(99)02168-6

PAHO/WHO, 2003, Guiding Principles for Complementary Feeding of the Breastfed Child

Piwoz E.G., 1995, Potential for misclassification of infants' usual feeding practices using 24‐hour dietary assessment methods, The Journal of Nutrition, 125, 57

10.1038/ejcn.2010.171

10.1093/jn/133.11.4010S

10.1093/jn/132.6.1180

Rutstein S.O., 2004, The DHS Wealth Index. DHS Comparative Reports No. 6

10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602135

10.1093/jn/136.3.656

10.1093/ije/30.3.476

10.1093/ajcn/46.3.411

UNICEF(2006)Nutrition Indicators: Exclusive Breastfeeding. A Report Card on Nutrition.http://www.unicef.org. (Number 4). [Online]. Available at:http://www.unicef.org/progressforchildren/2006n4/index_breastfeeding.html(Accessed 18 September 2012).

Willett W.C., 2013, Nutritional Epidemiology

World Health Organization, 1991, Indicators for Assessing Breastfeeding Practices

World Health Organization(2002)Report of Informal Meeting to Review and Develop Indicators for Complementary Feeding. 3–5 December. World Health Organization. Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development and Department of Nutrition for Health and Development: Geneva Switzerland.

World Health Organization, 2008, Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices: Part1 Definitions

World Health Organization, 2010, Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices: Part 3 Country Profiles

World Health Organization, 2010, The WHO Child Growth Standards

10.1017/S002193200002037X

10.1017/S1368980012001073

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Maternal and Child Nutrition

Tập 10 Số 1

1-17

Thông tin tác giả