ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites as inhibitors of mammalian tumorigenesis
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abou-el-Ela SH, Prasse KW, Farrell RL, Carroll RW, Wade AE, Bunce OR (1989) Effects of D, L-2-difluoromethylornithine and indomethacin on mammary tumor promotion in rats fed high n-3 and/or n-6 fat diets. Cancer Res 49:1434–1440
Alaa M, Suzuki M, Yoshino M, Tian L, Suzuki H, Nagato K, Fujiwara T, Wada H, Moriya Y, Hoshino H, Motohashi S, Yoshida S, Shibuya K, Hiroshima K, Nakatani Y, Abdrabou A, Elkholy M, Mahfouz T, Yoshino I (2009) Prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung correlates with p16INK4A methylation and an unfavorable prognosis. Int J Oncol 34:805–812
Altenburg JD, Siddiqui RA (2009) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids down-modulate CXCR4 expression and function in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res 7:1013–1020
Aronson WJ, Glaspy JA, Reddy ST, Reese D, Heber D, Bagga D (2001) Modulation of ω-3/ω-6 polyunsaturated ratios with dietary fish oils in men with prostate cancer. Urology 58:283–288
Aronson WJ, Kobayashi N, Barnard RJ, Henning S, Huang M, Jardack PM, Liu B, Gray A, Wan J, Konijeti R, Freedland SJ, Castor B, Heber D, Elashoff D, Said J, Cohen P, Galet C (2011) Phase II prospective randomized trial of a low-fat diet with fish oil supplementation in men undergoing radical prostatectomy. Cancer Prevent Res 4:2062–2071
Augustsson K, Michaud DS, Rimm EB, Leitzmann MF, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Giovannucci E (2003) A prospective study of intake of fish and marine fatty acids and prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 12:64–67
Avis I, Hong SH, Martinez A, Moody T, Choi YH, Trepel J, Das R, Jett M, Mulshine JL (2001) Five-lipoxygenase inhibitors can mediate apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines through complex eicosanoid interactions. FASEB J 15:2007–2009
Baba Y, Nosho K, Shima K, Goessling W, Chan AT, Ng K, Chan JA, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS, Ogino S (2010) PTGER2 overexpression in colorectal cancer is associated with microsatellite instability, independent of CpG island methylator phenotype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 19:822–831
Bartoli GM, Palozza P, Marra G, Armelao F, Franceschelli P, Luberto C, Sgarlata E, Piccioni E, Anti M (1993) n-3 PUFA and α-tocopherol control of tumor cell proliferation. Mol Aspects Med 14:247–252
Berquin IM, Min Y, Wu R, Wu J, Perry D, Cline JM, Thomas MJ, Thornburg T, Kulik G, Smith A, Edwards IJ, D’Agostino R, Zhang H, Wu H, Kang JX, Chen YQ (2007) Modulation of prostate cancer genetic risk by ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. J Clin Invest 117:1866–1875
Bingham SA (1998) Epidemiology of colorectal cancer. In: Strain J, Sadler M, Caballero B (eds) Encyclopedia of human nutrition, vol 1. Academic Press, New York, pp 230–235
Bommareddy A, Arasada BL, Mathees DP, Dwivedi C (2006) Chemopreventive effects of dietary flaxseed on colon tumor development. Nutr Cancer 54:216–222
Bos JL (1989) Ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res 49:4682–4689
Brown MD, Hart CA, Gazi E, Bagley S, Clarke NW (2006) Promotion of prostatic metastatic migration towards human bone marrow stroma by ω-6 and its inhibition by ω-3 PUFAs. Br J Cancer 94:842–853
Broxterman HJ, Gotink KJ, Verheul HMW (2009) Understanding the causes of multidrug resistance in cancer: a comparison of doxorubicin and sunitinib. Drug Resist Updates 12:114–126
Buchanan FG, Gorden DL, Matta P, Shi Q, Matrisian LM, DuBois RN (2006) Role of β-arrestin 1 in the metastatic progression of colorectal cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:1492–1497
Calviello G, Di Nicuolo F, Gragnoli S, Piccioni E, Serini S, Maggiano N, Tringali G, Navarra P, Ranelletti FO, Palozza P (2004) n-3 PUFAs reduce VEGF expression in human colon cancer cells modulating the COX-2/PGE2 induced ERK-1 and -2 and HIF-1α induction pathway. Carcinogenesis 25:2303–2310
Cannizzo F Jr, Broitman SA (1989) Postpromotional effects of dietary marine or safflower oils on large bowel or pulmonary implants of CT-26 in mice. Cancer Res 49:4289–4294
Caygill C, Hill M (1995) Fish ω-3 fatty acids and human colorectal and breast cancer mortality. Eur J Cancer Prev 4:329–332
Chajès V, Torres-Mejia G, Biessy C, Ortega-Olvera C, Angeles-Llerenas A, Ferrari P, Lazcano-Ponce E, Romieu I (2012) ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and the risk of breast cancer in Mexican women: impact of obesity status. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 21:319–326
Chen JK, Falck JR, Reddy KM, Capdevila J, Harris RC (1998) Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and their sulfonimide derivatives stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation and induce mitogenesis in renal epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 273:29254–29261
Chen C, Li G, Liao W, Wu J, Liu L, Ma D, Zhou J, Elbekai RH, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Wang DW (2009) Selective inhibitors of CYP2J2 related to terfenadine exhibit strong activity against human cancers in vitro and in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329:908–918
Connolly JM, Rose DP (1998) Enhanced angiogenesis and growth of 12-lipoxygenase gene-transfected MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in athymic nude mice. Cancer Lett 132:107–112
Connolly EM, Harmey JH, O’Grady T, Foley D, Roche-Nagle G, Kay E, Bouchier-Hayes DJ (2002) Cyclo-oxygenase inhibition reduces tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic model of breast cancer. Br J Cancer 87:231–237
Corsetto PA, Cremona A, Montorfano G, Jovenitti IE, Orsini F, Arosio P, Rizzo AM (2012) Chemical-physical changes in cell membrane microdomains of breast cancer cells after omega-3 PUFA incorporation. Cell Biochem Biophys 64:45–59
Cui PH, Lee AC, Zhou F, Murray M (2010) Impaired transactivation of the human CYP2J2 arachidonic acid epoxygenase gene in HepG2 cells subjected to nitrative stress. Br J Pharmacol 159:1440–1449
Cui PH, Petrovic N, Murray M (2011) The ω-3 epoxide of eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits endothelial cell proliferation by p38 MAP kinase activation and cyclin D1/CDK4 down-regulation. Br J Pharmacol 162:1143–1155
Cui PH, Rawling T, Bourget K, Kim T, Duke CC, Doddareddy MR, Hibbs DE, Zhou F, Tattam BN, Petrovic N, Murray M (2012) Antiproliferative and antimigratory actions of synthetic long chain n-3 monounsaturated fatty acids in breast cancer cells that overexpress cyclooxygenase-2. J Med Chem 55:7163–7172
de Lorgeril M, Salen P (2012) New insights into the health effects of dietary saturated and omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. BMC Med 10:50
Demark-Wahnefried W, Robertson CN, Walther PJ, Polascik TJ, Paulson DF, Vollmer RT (2004) Pilot study to explore effects of low-fat, flaxseed-supplemented diet on proliferation of benign prostatic epithelium and prostate-specific antigen. Urology 63:900–904
Demark-Wahnefried W, Polascik TJ, George SL, Switzer BR, Madden JF, Ruffin MT 4th, Snyder DC, Owzar K, Hars V, Albala DM, Walther PJ, Robertson CN, Moul JW, Dunn BK, Brenner D, Minasian L, Stella P, Vollmer RT (2008) Flaxseed supplementation (not dietary fat restriction) reduces prostate cancer proliferation rates in men presurgery. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17:3577–3587
Denkins Y, Kempf D, Ferniz M, Nileshwar S, Marchetti D (2005) Role of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cyclooxygenase-2 metabolism in brain-metastatic melanoma. J Lipid Res 46:1278–1284
Di Popolo A, Memoli A, Apicella A, Tuccillo C, di Palma A, Ricchi P, Acquaviva AM, Zarrilli R (2000) IGF-II/IGF-I receptor pathway up-regulates COX-2 mRNA expression and PGE2 synthesis in Caco-2 human colon carcinoma cells. Oncogene 19:5517–5524
Dormond O, Ruegg C (2003) Regulation of endothelial cell integrin function and angiogenesis by COX-2, cAMP and Protein Kinase A. Thromb Haemost 90:577–585
Dormond O, Foletti A, Paroz C, Ruegg C (2001) NSAIDs inhibit αVβ3 integrin-mediated and Cdc42/Rac-dependent endothelial-cell spreading, migration and angiogenesis. Nat Med 7:1041–1047
Farrell GC, Murray M (1990) Human cytochrome P450 isoforms: their genetic heterogeneity and induction by omeprazole. Gastroenterology 99:885–889
Finetti F, Solito R, Morbidelli L, Giachetti A, Ziche M, Donnini S (2008) Prostaglandin E2 regulates angiogenesis via activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor-1. J Biol Chem 283:2139–2146
Folkman J (1990) What is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis-dependent? J Natl Cancer Inst 82:4–6
Fox PL, DiCorleto PE (1988) Fish oils inhibit endothelial cell production of platelet-derived growth factor-like protein. Science 241:453–456
Fox SB, Leek RD, Bliss J, Mansi JL, Gusterson B, Gatter KC, Harris AL (1997) Association of tumor angiogenesis with bone marrow micrometastases in breast cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 89:1044–1049
Fradet V, Cheng I, Casey G, Witte JC (2009) Dietary omega-3 fatty acids, cyclooxygenase-2 genetic variation, and aggressive prostate cancer risk. Clin Cancer Res 15:2559–2566
Fujino H, Toyomura K, Chen XB, Regan JW, Murayama T (2011) Prostaglandin E2 regulates cellular migration via induction of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 in HCA-7 human colon cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 81:379–837
Fulda S, Debatin KM (2006) Extrinsic versus intrinsic apoptosis pathways in anticancer chemotherapy. Oncogene 25:4798–8411
Gago-Dominguez M, Yuan JM, Sun CL, Lee HP, Yu MC (2003) Opposing effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on mammary carcinogenesis: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Br J Cancer 89:1686–1692
Gimbrone MA Jr, Leapman SB, Cotran RS, Folkman J (1972) Tumor dormancy in vivo by prevention of neovascularization. J Exp Med 136:261–276
Guengerich FP (1990) Enzymatic oxidation of xenobiotic chemicals. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 25:97–153
Hawcroft G, Ko CW, Hull MA (2007) Prostaglandin E2-EP4 receptor signaling promotes tumorigenic behaviour of HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells. Oncogene 26:3006–3019
Hawcroft G, Loadman PM, Belluzzi A, Hull MA (2010) Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on E-type prostaglandin synthesis and EP4 receptor signaling in human colorectal cancer cells. Neoplasia 12:618–627
Hirose K, Takezaki T, Hamajima N, Miura S, Tajima K (2003) Dietary factors protective against breast cancer in Japanese premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Int J Cancer 107:276–282
Hoque A, Lippman SM, Wu TT, Xu Y, Liang ZD, Swisher S, Zhang H, Cao L, Ajani JA, Xu XC (2005) Increased 5-lipoxygenase expression and induction of apoptosis by its inhibitors in esophageal cancer: a potential target for prevention. Carcinogenesis 26:785–791
Hwang D, Scollard D, Byrne J, Levine E (1998) Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in human breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 90:455–460
Jain S, Chakraborty G, Raja R, Kale S, Kundu GC (2008) Prostaglandin E2 regulates tumor angiogenesis in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 68:7750–7759
Jankun J, Aleem AM, Malgorzewicz S, Szkudlarek M, Zavodszky MI, Dewitt DL, Feig M, Selman SH, Skrzypczak-Jankun E (2006) Synthetic curcuminoids modulate the arachidonic acid metabolism of human platelet 12-lipoxygenase and reduce sprout formation of human endothelial cells. Mol Cancer Ther 5:1371–1382
Jendraschak E, Kaminski WE, Hessel F, Kiefl R, von Schacky C (1993) Growth factor mRNA profiles in unstimulated human mononuclear cells: identification of genes which are constitutively and variably expressed. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 196:25–31
Jiang JG, Chen CL, Card JW, Yang S, Chen JX, Fu XN, Ning YG, Xiao X, Zeldin DC, Wang DW (2005) Cytochrome P450 2J2 promotes the neoplastic phenotype of carcinoma cells and is up-regulated in human tumors. Cancer Res 65:4707–4715
Kamijo T, Sato T, Nagatomi Y, Kitamura T (2001) Induction of apoptosis by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in prostate cancer cell lines. Int J Urol 8:S35–S39
Karmali RA, Reichel P, Cohen LA, Terano T, Hirai A, Tamura Y, Yoshida S (1987) The effects of dietary ω-3 fatty acids on the DU-145 transplantable human prostatic tumor. Anticancer Res 17:1173–1180
Kerr JFR, Winterford CM, Harmon BV (1994) Apoptosis its significance in cancer and cancer therapy. Cancer 73:2013–2026
Key TJ, Sharp GB, Appleby PN, Beral V, Goodman MT, Soda M, Mabuchi K (1999) Soya foods and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. Br J Cancer 81:1248–1256
Kim EH, Na HK, Kim DH, Park SA, Kim HN, Song NY, Surh YJ (2008) 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces COX-2 expression through Akt-driven AP-1 activation in human breast cancer cells: a potential role of ROS. Carcinogenesis 29:688–695
Kim EY, Seo JM, Cho KJ, Kim JH (2010) Ras-induced invasion and metastasis are regulated by a leukotriene B4 receptor BLT2-linked pathway. Oncogene 29:1167–1178
Kleiner DE, Stetler-Stevenson WG (1999) Matrix metalloproteinases and metastasis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 43(Suppl):S42–S51
Kobayashi N, Barnard RJ, Henning SM, Elashoff D, Reddy ST, Cohen P, Leung P, Hong-Gonzalez J, Freedland SJ, Said J, Gui D, Seeram NP, Popoviciu LM, Bagga D, Heber D, Glaspy JA, Aronson WJ (2006) Effect of altering dietary ω-6/ω-3 fatty acid ratios on prostate cancer membrane composition, cyclooxygenase-2, and prostaglandin E2. Clin Cancer Res 12:4662–4670
Krishnamoorthy S, Jin R, Cai Y, Maddipati KR, Nie D, Pages G, Tucker SC, Honn KV (2010) 12-Lipoxygenase and the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor in prostate cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 316:1706–1715
Lee AC, Murray M (2010) Upregulation of human CYP2J2 in HepG2 cells by butylated hydroxyanisole is mediated by c-Jun and Nrf2. Mol Pharmacol 77:987–994
Lim K, Han C, Dai Y, Shen M, Wu T (2009) ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through blocking β-catenin and cyclooxygenase-2. Mol Cancer Ther 8:3046–3055
Liu XH, Kirschenbaum A, Yao S, Lee R, Holland JF, Levine AC (2000) Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 suppresses angiogenesis and the growth of prostate cancer in vivo. J Urol 164:820–825
Liu YE, Pu W, Wang J, Kang JX, Shi YE (2007) Activation of Stat5 and induction of a pregnancy-like mammary gland differentiation by eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic ω-3 fatty acids. FEBS J 274:3351–3362
Ma X, Kundu N, Rifat S, Walser T, Fulton AM (2006) Prostaglandin E receptor EP4 antagonism inhibits breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Res 66:2923–2927
Ma X, Kundu N, Ioffe OB, Goloubeva O, Konger R, Baquet C, Gimotty P, Reader J, Fulton AM (2010) Prostaglandin E receptor EP1 suppresses breast cancer metastasis and is linked to survival differences and cancer disparities. Mol Cancer Res 8:1310–1318
MacLachlan TK, Sang N, Giordano A (1995) Cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases and cdk inhibitors: implications in cell cycle control and cancer. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 5:127–156
Magnusson C, Mezhybovska M, Lörinc E, Fernebro E, Nilbert M, Sjölander A (2010) Low expression of CysLT1R and high expression of CysLT2R mediate good prognosis in colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 46:826–835
Maillard V, Bougnoux P, Ferrari P, Jourdan ML, Pinault M, Lavillonnière F, Body G, Le Floch O, Chajès V (2002) N-3 and N-6 fatty acids in breast adipose tissue and relative risk of breast cancer in a case-control study in Tours, France. Int J Cancer 98:78–83
Marden NY, Murray M (2005) Characterisation of a c-Jun-responsive module in the 5’-flank of the human CYP2J2 gene that regulates transactivation. Biochem J 391:631–640
Marden NY, Fiala-Beer E, Xiang SH, Murray M (2003) Role of Activator Protein-1 in the downregulation of the human CYP2J2 gene in hypoxia. Biochem J 373:669–680
McDonnell TJ (1993) Cell division versus cell death: a functional model of multistep neoplasia. Mol Carcinog 8:209–213
Mehta SP, Boddy AP, Cook J, Sams V, Lund EK, Johnson IT, Rhodes M (2008) Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on Barrett’s epithelium in the human lower esophagus. Am J Clin Nutr 87:949–956
Melstrom LG, Bentrem DJ, Salabat MR, Kennedy TJ, Ding XZ, Strouch M, Rao SM, Witt RC, Ternent CA, Talamonti MS, Bell RH, Adrian TA (2008) Overexpression of 5-lipoxygenase in colon polyps and cancer and the effect of 5-LOX inhibitors in vitro and in a murine model. Clin Cancer Res 14:6525–6530
Michaelis UR, Fisslthaler B, Medhora M, Harder D, Fleming I, Busse R (2003) Cytochrome P450 2C9-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids induce angiogenesis via cross-talk with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). FASEB J 17:770–772
Michaelis UR, Fisslthaler B, Barbosa-Sicard E, Falck JR, Fleming I, Busse R (2005) Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases 2C8 and 2C9 are implicated in hypoxia-induced endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. J Cell Sci 118:5489–5498
Mitchell K, Svenson KB, Longmate WM, Gkirtzimanaki K, Sadej R, Wang X, Zhao J, Eliopoulos AG, Berditchevski F, Dipersio CM (2010) Suppression of integrin α3β1 in breast cancer cells reduces cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression and inhibits tumorigenesis, invasion, and cross-talk to endothelial cells. Cancer Res 70:6359–6367
Morgan ET (1997) Regulation of cytochromes P450 during inflammation and infection. Drug Metab Rev 29:1129–1188
Moussalli MJ, Wu Y, Zuo X, Yang XL, Wistuba II, Raso MG, Morris JS, Bowser JL, Minna JD, Lotan R, Shureiqi I (2011) Mechanistic contribution of ubiquitous 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression loss in cancer cells to terminal cell differentiation evasion. Cancer Prevent Res 4:1961–1972
Murff HJ, Shu XO, Li H, Yang G, Wu X, Cai H, Wen W, Gao YT, Zheng W (2011) Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and breast cancer risk in Chinese women: a prospective cohort study. Int J Cancer 128:1434–1441
Murray M (1991) In vitro and in vivo studies of the effect of vitamin E on microsomal cytochrome P450 in rat liver. Biochem Pharmacol 42:2107–2114
Murray M (2006) Altered CYP expression and function in response to dietary factors: potential roles in disease pathogenesis. Current Drug Metab 7:67–81
Murray M, Field SL (1992) Inhibition and metabolite complexation of rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 by tricyclic antidepressants. Biochem Pharmacol 43:2065–2071
Nagatsuka I, Yamada N, Shimizu S, Ohira M, Nishino H, Seki S, Hirakawa K (2002) Inhibitory effect of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor on liver metastasis of colon cancer. Int J Cancer 100:515–519
Narayanan BA, Narayanan NK, Simi B, Reddy BS (2003) Modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and related proinflammatory genes by the ω-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res 63:972–979
Nie D, Nemeth J, Qiao Y, Zacharek A, Li L, Hanna K, Tang K, Hillman GG, Cher ML, Grignon DJ, Honn KV (2003) Increased metastatic potential in human prostate carcinoma cells by overexpression of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase. Clin Exp Metastasis 20:657–663
Nielsen CK, Campbell JI, Ohd JF, Mörgelin M, Riesbeck K, Landberg G, Sjölander A (2005) A novel localization of the G-protein-coupled CysLT1 receptor in the nucleus of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Cancer Res 65:732–742
Norrish AE, Skeaff CM, Arribas GL, Sharpe SJ, Jackson RT (1999) Prostate cancer risk and consumption of fish oils: a dietary biomarker-based case-control study. Br J Cancer 81:1238–1242
Oates JA, FitzGerald GA, Branch RA, Jackson EK, Knapp HR, Roberts LJ II (1988) Clinical implications of prostaglandin and thromboxane A2 formation. N Engl J Med 319:689–698
Obermajer N, Muthuswamy R, Odunsi K, Edwards RP, Kalinski P (2011) PGE2-induced CXCL12 production and CXCR4 expression controls the accumulation of human MDSCs in ovarian cancer environment. Cancer Res 71:7463–7470
Oliw EH (1994) Oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Prog Lipid Res 33:329–354
Oshima H, Popivanova BK, Oguma K, Kong D, Ishikawa TO, Oshima M (2011) Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling by the prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 pathway during gastric tumorigenesis. Cancer Sci 102:713–719
Pai R, Szabo IL, Soreghan BA, Atay S, Kawanaka H, Tarnawski AS (2001) PGE2 stimulates VEGF expression in endothelial cells via ERK2/JNK1 signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 286:923–928
Pan MR, Hou MF, Chang HC, Hung WC (2008) Cyclooxygenase-2 up-regulates CCR7 via EP2/EP4 receptor signaling pathways to enhance lymphatic invasion of breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 283:11155–11163
Panigrahy D, Edin ML, Lee CR, Huang S, Bielenberg DR, Butterfield CE, Barnés CM, Mammoto A, Mammoto T, Luria A, Benny O, Chaponis DM, Dudley AC, Greene ER, Vergilio JA, Pietramaggiori G, Scherer-Pietramaggiori SS, Short SM, Seth M, Lih FB, Tomer KB, Yang J, Schwendener RA, Hammock BD, Falck JR, Manthati VL, Ingber DE, Kaipainen A, D’Amore PA, Kieran MW, Zeldin DC (2012) Epoxyeicosanoids stimulate multiorgan metastasis and tumor dormancy escape in mice. J Clin Invest 122:178–191
Park SW, Heo DS, Sung MW (2012) The shunting of arachidonic acid metabolism to 5-lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 epoxygenase antagonizes the anti-cancer effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in head and neck cancer cells. Cell Oncol 35:1–8
Parrett M, Harris R, Joarder F, Ross M, Clausen K, Robertson F (1997) Cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in human breast cancer. Int J Oncol 10:503–508
Pidgeon GP, Kandouz M, Meram A, Honn KV (2002) Mechanisms controlling cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis after 12-lipoxygenase inhibition in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 62:2721–2727
Potente M, Michaelis UR, Fisslthaler B, Busse R, Fleming I (2002) Cytochrome P450 2C9-induced endothelial cell proliferation involves induction of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase-1, inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and up-regulation of cyclin D1. J Biol Chem 277:15671–15676
Pozzi A, Macias-Perez I, Abair T, Wei S, Su Y, Zent R, Falck JR, Capdevila JH (2005) Characterization of 5,6- and 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (5,6- and 8,9-EET) as potent in vivo angiogenic lipids. J Biol Chem 280:27138–27146
Pugh CW, Ratcliffe PJ (2003) Regulation of angiogenesis by hypoxia: role of the HIF system. Nat Med 9:677–684
Rajput S, Wilber A (2010) Roles of inflammation in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. Front Biosci 2:176–183
Reddy BS, Maruyama H (1986) Effect of dietary fish oil on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in male F344 rats. Cancer Res 46:3367–3370
Robertson FM, Simeone AM, Lucci A, McMurray JS, Ghosh S, Cristofanilli M (2010) Differential regulation of the aggressive phenotype of inflammatory breast cancer cells by prostanoid receptors EP3 and EP4. Cancer 116(11 Suppl):2806–2814
Romano M, Catalano A, Nutini M, D’Urbano E, Crescenzi C, Claria J, Libner R, Davi G, Procopio A (2001) 5-lipoxygenase regulates malignant mesothelial cell survival: involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor. FASEB J 15:2326–2336
Rose DP, Cohen LA (1988) Effects of dietary menhaden oil and retinyl acetate on the growth of DU145 human prostatic adenocarcinoma cells transplanted into athymic nude mice. Carcinogenesis 9:603–605
Rose DP, Connolly JM (1997) Dietary fat and breast cancer metastasis by human tumor xenografts. Breast Cancer Res Treat 46:225–237
Rose DP, Connolly JM (2000) Regulation of tumor angiogenesis by dietary fatty acids and eicosanoids. Nutr Cancer 37:119–127
Rose DP, Connolly JM, Rayburn J, Coleman M (1995) Influence of diets containing different levels of eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acid on the growth and metastasis of human breast cancer cells in nude mice. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:587–592
Schley PD, Brindley DN, Field CJ (2007) ω-3 PUFA alter raft lipid composition and decrease epidermal growth factor receptor levels in lipid rafts of human breast cancer cells. J Nutr 137:548–553
Seo JM, Park S, Kim JH (2012) Leukotriene B4 receptor-2 promotes invasiveness and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-dependent up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 2. J Biol Chem 287:13840–13849
Shaikh SR (2012) Biophysical and biochemical mechanisms by which dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil disrupt membrane lipid rafts. J Nutr Biochem 23:101–105
Shao J, Sheng H (2007) Prostaglandin E2 induces the expression of IL-1α in colon cancer cells. J Immunol 178:4097–4103
Shao J, Jung C, Liu C, Sheng H (2005) Prostaglandin E2 stimulates the β-catenin/T cell factor-dependent transcription in colon cancer. J Biol Chem 280:26565–26572
Shoji Y, Takahashi M, Kitamura T, Watanabe K, Kawamori T, Maruyama T, Sugimoto Y, Negishi M, Narumiya S, Sugimura T, Wakabayashi K (2004) Downregulation of prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP3 during colon cancer development. Gut 53:1151–1158
Shureiqi I, Lippman SM (2001) Lipoxygenase modulation to reverse carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 61:6307–6312
Shureiqi I, Wojno KJ, Poore JA, Reddy RG, Moussalli MJ, Spindler SA, Greenson JK, Normolle D, Hasan AA, Lawrence TS, Brenner DE (1999) Decreased 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid levels and 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression in human colon cancers. Carcinogenesis 20:1985–1995
Simonsen N, van’t Veer P, Strain JJ, Martin-Moreno JM, Huttunen JK, Navajas JF, Martin BC, Thamm M, Kardinaal AF, Kok FJ, Kohlmeier L (1998) Adipose tissue ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid content and breast cancer in the EURAMIC study. Am J Epidemiol 147:342–352
Simopoulos AP (2002) The importance of the ratio of ω-6/ω-3 essential fatty acids. Biomed Pharmacother 56:365–379
Sonestedt E, Ericson U, Gullberg B, Skog K, Olsson H, Wirfält E (2008) Do both heterocyclic amines and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids contribute to the incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women of the Malmö diet and cancer cohort? Int J Cancer 123:1637–1643
Spector AA, York MA (1985) Membrane lipid composition and cellular function. J Lipid Res 26:1015–1035
Steenport M, Khan KM, Du B, Barnhard SE, Dannenberg AJ, Falcone DJ (2009) Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 induce macrophage MMP-9: evidence for the role of TNF-α and cyclooxygenase-2. J Immunol 183:8119–8127
Subbaramaiah K, Benezra R, Hudis C, Dannenberg AJ (2008) Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 stimulates Id-1 transcription. J Biol Chem 283:33955–33968
Szymczak M, Murray M, Petrovic N (2008) Modulation of angiogenesis by ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is mediated by cyclooxygenases. Blood 111:3514–3521
Taniguchi T, Fujino H, Israel DD, Regan JW, Murayama T (2008) Human EP3I prostanoid receptor induces VEGF and VEGF receptor-1 mRNA expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 377:1173–1178
Terry P, Lichtenstein P, Feychting M, Ahlbom A, Wolk A (2001) Fatty fish consumption and risk of prostate cancer. Lancet 357:1764–1766
Tevar R, Jho DH, Babcock T, Helton WS, Espat NJ (2002) ω-3 Fatty acid supplementation reduces tumor growth and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in a model of progressive non-metastasizing malignancy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 26:285–289
Thiébaut AC, Chajès V, Gerber M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Joulin V, Lenoir G, Berrino F, Riboli E, Bénichou J, Clavel-Chapelon F (2009) Dietary intakes of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of breast cancer. Int J Cancer 124:924–931
Tortora G, Caputo R, Damiano V, Melisi D, Bianco R, Fontanini G, Veneziani BM, De Placido S, Bianco AR, Ciardiello F (2003) Combination of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD1839 and protein kinase A antisense causes cooperative antitumor and antiangiogenic effect. Clin Cancer Res 9:1566–1572
Tsujii M, Kawano S, DuBois RN (1997) Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human colon cancer cells increases metastatic potential. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:3336–3340
Vecchini A, Ceccarelli V, Susta F, Caligiana P, Orvietani P, Binaglia L, Nocentini G, Riccardi C, Calviello G, Palozza P, Maggiano N, Di Nardo P (2004) Dietary α-linolenic acid reduces COX-2 expression and induces apoptosis of hepatoma cells. J Lipid Res 45:308–316
Wada M, DeLong CJ, Hong YH, Rieke CJ, Song I, Sidhu RS, Yuan C, Warnock M, Schmaier AH, Yokoyama C, Smyth EM, Wilson SJ, FitzGerald GA, Garavito RM, Sui DX, Regan JW, Smith WL (2007) Enzymes and receptors of prostaglandin pathways with arachidonic acid-derived versus eicosapentaenoic acid-derived substrates and products. J Biol Chem 282:22254–22266
Wakai K, Tamakoshi K, Date C, Fukui M, Suzuki S, Lin Y, Niwa Y, Nishio K, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Tokudome S, Yamamoto A, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC Study Group (2005) Dietary intakes of fat and fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: a prospective study in Japan. Cancer Sci 96:590–599
Wang W, Bergh A, Damber JE (2004) Chronic inflammation in benign prostate hyperplasia is associated with focal upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2, Bcl-2, and cell proliferation in the glandular epithelium. Prostate 61:60–72
Wang Y, Wei X, Xiao X, Hui R, Card JW, Carey MA, Wang DW, Zeldin DC (2005) Arachidonic acid epoxygenase metabolites stimulate endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis via mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathways. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314:522–532
Wang D, Wang H, Brown J, Daikoku T, Ning W, Shi Q, Richmond A, Strieter R, Dey SK, DuBois RN (2006) CXCL1 induced by prostaglandin E2 promotes angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. J Exp Med 203:941–951
Wray J, Bishop-Bailey D (2008) Epoxygenases and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in mammalian vascular biology. Exp Physiol 93:148–154
Yang SP, Morita I, Murota SI (1998) Eicosapentaenoic acid attenuates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced proliferation via inhibiting Flk-1 receptor expression in bovine carotid artery endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 176:342–349
Zhang B, Cao H, Rao GN (2006) Fibroblast growth factor-2 is a downstream mediator of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt signaling in 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid-induced angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 281:905–914