Khoa Y, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

Mangiferin - a xanthonoid abundantly present in Mango leaves has been widely recognized a potent hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent. Nevertheless, due to its poor solubility and poor permeability, its bioavailability and application in large scale remain limited. Amongst different methods for enhancement of such poor-soluble drugs, solide dispersion (SD) appears as a potent strategy, which is widely applied in pharmaceutical industry to enhance firstly dissolution rate and subsequently bioavalability of BCSII and BCSIV drugs. In this study, different solid dispersion (SD) systems of mangiferin with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30), and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) 6M were prepared, using wet grinding and solvent evaporation methods, and compared in terms of mangiferin’s solubility. The results showed that the optimized SD of mangiferin and HPMC 6M (at 1:5 ratio), prepared by solvent evaporation method, achieved the highest dissolution rate of 81.96% after 30 minutes and 91.89% after 60 minutes at pH 1.2. Furthermore, differences in the material structure as well as the chemical composition between the optimized SD formula and raw Mangiferin were investigated and compared using the electronic microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infra-red spectroscopy (IR). Overall, the findings within this study highlighted the potential of SD method in an attempt to enhance the solubility of active compounds in the class BCS II or BCS IV.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between patient’s refractive status and changes in high-order aberration after small incision lenticule extraction in correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism. Methods: Prospective, longitudinal observational study. Sixty-six eyes from 33 myopia or myopic astigmatism patients were enrolled in this study. Patients uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive status, central corneal thickness, corneal refractive power, optical zone, lenticule thickness and 3 higher-order aberration values in Zernike polynomial (spherical aberration, coma and total root mean square) were recorded before the surgery and at 3-month follow-up. Results: At 3-month follow-up, 100% of eyes achieved 20/20 uncorrected visual acuity. There were statistically significant increases of spherical aberration, coma and total root mean square after the surgery; with post-operation changes of spherical aberration, coma and total root mean square being 0,1689 ± 0,0867 µm, 0,1771 ± 0,0941 µm and 0,3271 ± 0,1035 µm, in order (p < 0,001). A linear correlation was found between pre-operation spherical equivalent with changes of spherical aberration (R = 0,449; p < 0,01) and total root mean square (R = 0,229; p = 0,05). Conclusion: Small incision lenticule extraction results in good visual outcome, however still induces increase of higher-order aberration, especially in patients with high refraction.

Objective: The study aims to investigate the correct knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers of residents who live in Tan Phu district, HCMC, toward COVID-19 prevention, during the pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using data collected via in-person interviews with the prepared questionnaire, from 416 participants aged 18 years older living in Tan Phu district, HCMC from September to October 2020. Results: In this study, the mean COVID-19 knowledge score was 8.40 1.25, more than 60% of participants had a positive, most of the participants had correct practice (>90%). There is a difference in the mean knowledge score among age groups, work status and marital status (p<0.05); There is a difference in attitude scores between age groups (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in practice scores between participants, and 8 barriers in COVID-19 prevention. The study also recorded 10 issues that people are concerned about in COVID-19 prevention and especially the number of infections - deaths cases(46.51%). Conclusion: The proportion of people with the right knowledge, attitudes and practices about COVID-19 prevention is relatively high. Our finding suggests that health education communication should focus on COVID-19 prevention and treatment guidelines; promote the mass media, especially messages from the Ministry of Health or the Government.

Hội chứng tĩnh mạch chủ trên là một tình trạng ít phổ biến trong thực hành lâm sàng, đa số do nguyên nhân ác tính ở trung thất. Việc chẩn đoán bản chất tổn thương ở trung thất thường gặp nhiều thử thách trong việc lấy mẫu, đặc biệt ở các khối u nằm sâu được bao quanh và xâm lấn mạch máu lớn thì sinh thiết qua da dưới hướng dẫn CT hay siêu âm gặp nhiều khó khăn và nguy cơ biến chứng cao, vì vậy để lấy mẫu bệnh phẩm thường cần nội soi trung thất là một phương pháp khá xâm lấn đặc biệt khi việc điều trị phẫu thuật đã quá chỉ định. Một bệnh nhân có khối u trung thất nằm sâu, xâm lấn và gây hội chứng tĩnh mạch chủ trên được chúng tôi tiến hành sinh thiết qua da đường nội mạch bằng Forcep sau đó can thiệp đặt giá đỡ có lớp phủ điều trị tình trạng hẹp tĩnh mạch. Kết quả sinh thiết cho bản chất khối u là Lymphoma tế bào lớn và việc đặt giá đỡ tĩnh mạch đã đạt hiệu quả cải thiện rõ rệt triệu chứng của bệnh nhân, bệnh nhân được tiến hành hóa trị tiếp tục.

Cough is a popular symptom because of various causes, which lead to several inconveniences in life. Dextromethorphan and promethazine are two active ingredients commonly used in combination in the treatment of coughs with many advantages such as enhanced therapeutic efficiency, limiting drawbacks of each active ingredient, and being easy to use for special patients (children, dyspepsia,…). However, currently on the Vietnamese market, there are no combined preparations of these two substances, these products are only available in foreign countries. This research is done with the goal of the simple, suitable preparation process for a syrup containing dextromethorphan HBr 15 mg and promethazine HCl 6.25 mg in each 5 ml in Viet Nam. Inoculants are evaluated according to the in-house standard criteria and appropriate testing methods included physical properties, pH, density, microbial limit, alcohol concentration, qualitative and quantitative composition medicines. Study on the stability proved the syrup remained stable after 6 months at the storage condition of 40 +/- 2 oC and 75 +/- 5% relative humidity. Formulation and preparation procedure are used to study in larger batch sizes to apply to production.

AMH trong vài năm gần đây đã trở thành một vấn đề thời sự trong lĩnh vực chăm sóc sức khỏe sinh sản và hứa hẹn sẽ được quan tâm đến nhiều hơn trong tương lai. Mục tiêu báo cáo này nhằm giới thiệu khái niệm về dự trữ buồng trứng, về AMH, các ứng dụng hiện tại và tiềm năng trong tương lại của AMH. Những dữ liệu mới nhất trên y văn về các vấn đề trên cũng được trình bày.

Domestic hand sanitizers have been evaluated for their antibacterial activity according to Decision 120/2000/QĐ-BYT. However, the antibacterial ability was assessed with 10 minutes of the contact time, inconsistent with international standards and much longer than the actual hand washing time. Therefore, this study aims to test the antibacterial ability of dry hand sanitizer with some parameters, such as a list of tested bacteria, and at the same time, evaluate the antibacterial activity of some products being commercially available on the market. The results showed that the bacteria to evaluate the antibacterial activity selected were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Serratia marcescens ATCC 14756. The exposure time between the reagent and bacteria was 20 - 30 seconds, and the initial bacterial density was approximately 108 CFU/ml. Ten hand sanitizers can reduce the number of bacteria by more than 3 log10. In conclusion, the study has helped improve the current evaluation process of hand sanitizer products according to Decision 120/2000/QD-BYT.

Objective: The study aims to applicate of the Beck Depression Inventory - II (BDI-II), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) on medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 61 students of the School of Medicine - Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City from 17th to 20th June, 2021. The survey by self-completed questionnaires through Google Form. The survey questionnaire is made up 2 parts: Part 1 includes 4 questions to collect background information of research participants such as age, gender, school year, major of study; Part 2 includes 60 questions to assess 3 mental health problems: depression (including 21 questions), anxiety disorders (including 20 questions) and sleep disorders (including 19 questions and divided 7 sections). Results: Our study surveyed 61 students of the School of Medicine - Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, aged from 19 to 25 years old (the average age of the participants recorded was 22.03 + 1.63). About ⅔ of the participants are female, the participants are relatively evenly distributed in all 3 majors currently training at the Faculty of Medicine in Ho Chi Minh City, including Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology. The results of our study were noted: the BDI-II records the internal reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha is 0.86; The SAS records the internal reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha is 0.88 and the PSQI records the internal reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha is 0.63. Conclusions: The BDI-II, SAS and PSQI show good reliability and consistency. Recommended for practical use in surveying depression, anxiety disorders and sleep disorders among medical students in Vietnam.

Mục tiêu: Thiết lập quy trình đo hàm lượng ROS trong tinh dịch và dịch huyền phù có tinh trùng sau lọc rửa ở bệnh nhân hiếm muộn và khảo sát mối quan hệ giữa hàm lượng ROS với các thông số tinh dịch đồ là mật độ và tỷ lệ di động tinh trùng. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Đo và đánh giá hàm lượng ROS trong tinh dịch và dịch huyền phù có tinh trùng của 112 bệnh nhân điều trị hiếm muộn bằng phương pháp ICSI (tiêm tinh trùng vào bào tương noãn) tại Đơn vị Hỗ trợ sinh sản IVFAS, Bệnh viện An Sinh-TP.HCM bằng phương pháp đo huỳnh quang sử dụng đầu dò là luminol. 70 mẫu bệnh nhân có các chỉ số tinh dịch bình thường-NS (mật độ ≥ 15x106 tinh trùng/ml, di động ≥ 40%) và 52 mẫu từ bệnh nhân có chỉ số tinh dịch bất thường-AS. Kết quả: Hàm lượng ROS của mẫu dịch huyền phù có tinh trùng sau lọc rửa cao hơn hàm lượng ROS của mẫu tinh dịch ở cả hai nhóm bệnh nhân có chỉ số tinh dịch bình thường và bất thường. Hàm lượng ROS thấp nhất ở mẫu tinh dịch của nhóm bệnh nhân có chỉ số tinh dịch bình thường [0,08 (0,023, 0,48), P<0,05]. Hàm lượng ROS cao nhất ở mẫu dịch huyền phù có tinh trùng sau lọc rửa của nhóm bệnh nhân có chỉ số tinh dịch bất thường [6,69 (0,15, 24), p<0,05)]. Hàm lượng ROS có mối quan hệ tương quan nghịch với mật độ tinh trùng (R=-0,123**, P<0,01) và độ di động tinh trùng (R=-0,166**, P<0,01). Hàm lượng ROS mẫu dịch huyền phù có tinh trùng sau lọc rửa có mối quan hệ tương quan thuận với hàm lượng ROS của mẫu tinh dịch (R=0,550**, P<0,01). Kết luận: Lần đầu tiên ở Việt nam, chúng tôi kiểm định thành công qui trình đo hàm lượng ROS ở mẫu tinh dich. Nồng độ ROS có môi tương quan nghịch với các chỉ số cơ bản của tinh dịch đồ. Đây là một phương pháp đơn giản, rẻ tiền, dễ tiến hành, là công cụ hữu dụng để chẩn đoán và theo dõi điều trị vô sinh nam.

Background: Uterine leiomyomas are benign tumors arising from the smooth muscle cells of the uterus or extracellular matrix, that are very common among women of reproductive age between 30 and 50 years of age. However, their incidence is extremely rare in women under 15-year-old (<1%) with unknown etiology. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) comfirms the location, number, size of mass, which plays an important role in prognosis and treatment. Leiomyomas have been managed in a variety of methods and are considered to decide the most optimal way to preserve fertility in adolescents. Case: A 14 year of age female patient was admitted with increased abdominal volume and pelvic mass over 6 months. Physical examination revealed the mass from the pelvic, corresponding in size to a pregnant uterus of 18 weeks (fundal height is 14cm). Ultrasound and MRI showed a uterine leiomyoma type 2 -5 (FIGO) and a differential diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. The patient was managed successfully with complete tumor resection through abdominal myomectomy to preserve fertility. Histological results confirmed the final diagnosis was “benign degeneration of uterine leiomyoma”. Summary and conclusion: Although the occurrence of uterine leiomyomas in adolescents is very rare, this diagnosis is considered since a pelvic mass in this age group is discovered. Through rare but the differential diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma in the young population is leiomyosarcoma. Myomectomy is a suitable management to preserve fertility.