Trường Đại học Ngoại thương

The privatization of education is trending in many countries and has been fueling research interest in tuition fees and willingness to pay. In particular, research on willingness to finance education is the foundation for tuition policy. Many studies on this topic have been carried out. However, there is a need for a review article which systematizes previous research results. Utilizing Scopus database, the study aggregated 10 studies between 1990 and 2021 on willingness to pay for education. The study found consistent effects of tuition fees, household income, reputation, distance, and program characteristics on households' willingness to pay for education. The remaining factors such as expectations, gender, occupation, education, have not yet confirmed the impact. The study also suggests some potential research trends and directions for future research on tuition policy.

There are few rigorous empirical studies about the roles of human resource management practices (HRM) in performance of SMEs in transition economies. Based on a dataset from surveys of manufacturing SMEs in Vietnam, the study finds that SMEs’ owners/managers educational background has direct and indirect effects on HRM outcomes and SMEs performance and that HRM practices including provision of training and fringe benefits to workers raise labor productivity and improve performance of SMEs.

Although many prior studies show that oil price affects negatively macroeconomic environment and stock prices, there are few studies on the impact of oil price on firm profitability. This paper posits that oil price tends to affect firm profitability negatively via increases in production costs and negative changes in the macroeconomic environment. As a transition economy, Vietnam has been gradually integrated into the world economy and affected by international economic shocks. Therefore, Vietnam is a potential laboratory to investigate the effect of oil price as an exogenous factor on firm profitability. Using a sample of 6,960 observations from 951 firms listed in Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE) and Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) between 2005 and 2016, we find supporting evidence for the negative impact of oil price on firm profitability.

E-wallets are used as a form of payment that brings many benefits to users. This article studies the impact of data security on consumer intentions to use e-wallets in the rapidly growing economy of Vietnam. The data consist of 236 observations from a survey of consumers in Vietnam. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. Research results show that security trust has the greatest impact on the intention to use e-wallets, followed by perceived privacy risk, social influence, and information sensitivity. The study also reveals the role of privacy policies and security concerns in consumer intentions to use e-wallets. Based on the research results, the study provides recommendations for consumers, e-wallet providers, and governmental agencies to increase awareness of and responsibility for information security among the consumers who use e-wallets.

The debate on the impact of state ownership on firm performance has drawn considerable interest from both scholars and professionals in the field of corporate finance. However, prior research has primarily focused on listed firms, whose characteristics differ from those of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Hence, this paper investigates how state ownership influences SMEs’ performance. The sample includes 5,092 firm-years from over 2,000 SMEs with state ownership in Vietnam from 2013 to 2019. The model was estimated using three regression methods, including fixed effects, random effects, and pooled ordinary least squares. The results show that state ownership is positively associated with SMEs’ performance. This finding implies that state ownership creates competitive advantages for SMEs rather than reducing their performance. Therefore, policymakers should consider the advantages and disadvantages of privatizing state-owned SMEs or reducing state ownership in these enterprises. Moreover, investors should divert their capital to state-owned SMEs and increase their value.

Being adopted in 1980 and getting effective from January 1, 1988, The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) has become one of the most widely accepted international trade treaties. Despite its validity in Vietnam since the beginning of 2017, the Convention is still applied in a very limited way by domestic businesses. In fact, there have been a lot of sophisticated legal issues in international trade, especially in cases the parties fail to promptly or properly perform their contractual obligations or even in case of non-performance. This article is aimed to study the provisions of additional time for late performance (Nachfrist) under CISG 1980 in comparison with Vietnamese laws, and current situation of extension for contract performance under CISG 1980. The research collected, summarized, compared and analyzed data from trustworthy sources and conducted the in-depth interviews with the experienced experts in commerce, law, and dispute settlement. The results point out some similarities and differences in establishing the additional time between Vietnamese legal documents and the Convention. Furthermore, it is also showed in this article that disputes related to the Nachfrist clause are quite common and tend to decrease, but only with the participation of mainly European countries and China. In terms of content of dispute cases, the rate of disputes arising from the Seller's breach of contract is much higher than that rate from the Buyer’s. Regarding methods of dispute settlement, China has nearly always chosen arbitration while European countries have given priority to the court. From the analysis, some implications for Vietnamese businesses in the application and interpretation CISG’s provisions of contract extension were represented as solutions to help businesses improve their legal knowledge and limit risks in international commercial activities.

The aim of this research is to discover leadership styles in some social enterprises and differentiate them from those of selected for-profit companies. Qualitative case study method is used through in-depth interview with a leader and a follower from 04 companies, including 02 social enterprises and 02 for-profit ones. The findings of the study show that 02 selected social enterprises have various things in common which do not exist in 02 for-profit companies including (i) many traits of the leaders such as responsibility, determination, self-confidence, high specialized knowledge and friendliness; (ii) the Team Management Leadership style and Theory Y style in terms of Behavioral theory; and (iii) the same position in the middle of transformational and transactional level from this perspective. This study offers an interesting view on leadership, supplementing the shortage in current literature on social enterprises, and provides basis and suggestions for further investigations.

Việt Nam đã và đang tham gia ký kết và thực hiện nhiều Hiệp định thương mại tự do (FTA) với các đối tác kinh tế lớn trên toàn cầu, nhằm hướng tới các cam kết sâu rộng hơn về bảo hộ đầu tư và tự do hóa thương mại. Cụ thể, Chính phủ Việt Nam đã từ bỏ quyền miễn trừ quốc gia và trao cho các nhà đầu tư của nước đã ký kết quyền được khởi kiện Chính phủ khi phát hiện vi phạm. Tuy nhiên, điều này cũng đồng nghĩa với việc phức tạp hóa các tranh chấp đầu tư quốc tế, khi phát sinh một yếu tố mới ảnh hưởng tới hiệu quả giải quyết tranh chấp, sự phối hợp giữa các cơ quan nhà nước có liên quan. Bài viết phân tích thực trạng cơ chế phối hợp trong giải quyết tranh chấp đầu tư quốc tế theo pháp luật Việt Nam, từ đó đề xuất một số khuyến nghị phù hợp nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả giải quyết tranh chấp đầu tư quốc tế tại Việt Nam hiện nay.

Although prior studies have investigated the effects of both internal and institutional factors on export performance of Vietnamese firms, we argue that Vietnamese institutional envionment has changed rapidly under the impact of economic integration and we need more research to understand export behavior of Vietnamese firms. In this paper, we examine how their internal factors and perceived obstacles of external factors affect their export intensity and propensity with an updated micro dataset collected form Enterprise Surveys of World Bank conducted in 2009 and 2015. The research findings show that internal factors including firm size and foreign ownership have positive effects on both export propensity and export intensity. Competition from the informal sector and perceived obstacles of customs and trade regulation have negative and positive impacts on export performance respectively. These findings confirm the role of firm size, foreign ownership, competition in firm export performance in a transition country pursuing export-led growth strategy.

Although Vietnamese society is above average level of masculinity orientation, number of womenled enterprises in the country is still now increasing. This has been the result of many changes related to gender and other supporting activities from the community. The main objective of the research was to unravel the challenges faced by female entrepreneurs in some main cities and provinces in Vietnam. Results were derived through a survey with 171 respondents and qualitative in-depth interview based study of a sample of 15 women entrepreneurs operating in different districts in Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City. These women are doing business in different fields and most of them are in sectors that are suitable with women such as hair and beauty, food, textile, education,… The research concluded that Vietnam women entrepreneurs face constraints mostly in matters related to access to finance, lack of information on market data, lack of access to resources and lack of digital distribution channels. Besides, nearly 30 percentages of them are still unable to control their income from the business which is one of the result of family’s influences to the business decision.