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However, MTT reduction may also be catalyzed by a number of other nonmitochondrial enzymes. The goal of this work was to establish the sites of MTT reduction in intact HepG2 human hepatoma cells in culture.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Methods\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>In order to establish the subcellular localization of the sites of reduction of MTT, we imaged the formation of MTT‐formazan deposits using backscattered light confocal microscopy. Mitochondria were visualized in viable cells using fluorescent dyes that bind in a manner dependent (JC‐1 and TMRE) or independent (NAO) of mitochondrial electric potential.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Only 25–45% of MTT‐formazan was associated with mitochondria after 25 min of incubation. No more than 25% of the mitochondrial area on images was occupied by MTT‐formazan. Mitochondrial fluorescence of TMRE, NAO, and the monomeric form of JC‐1 decreased rapidly in cells incubated with MTT. However, the intensity of fluorescence of JC‐1 aggregates dropped by less than 30% at the onset of incubation and remained constant as reduction of MTT proceeded further.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusions\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>(1) Most of MTT‐formazan deposits are not coincident with mitochondria. (2) Monomeric JC‐1, as well as TMRE and NAO, accumulating in mitochondria may be displaced by MTT. Thus, the presence of positively charged organic compounds (like MTT) may distort measurements of mitochondrial transmembrane electric potential, which are based on accumulation of fluorescent dyes. Cytometry 47:236–242, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>",{"EN":59},"Mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial reduction of MTT: Interaction of MTT with TMRE, JC‐1, and NAO mitochondrial fluorescent probes",{"VOID":61},"11933013",{"VOID":63},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.10080","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","2025-02-06T23:52:49.942+00:00","Auto 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Fluorescence and binding of 1‐anilinonaphthalene‐8‐sulfonate, J Biol Chem, 258, 11039, 10.1016\u002FS0021-9258(17)44383-3",{"doi":259},"10.1016\u002FS0021-9258(17)44383-3",{"id":19,"text":261,"url":19,"identifiers":262},"10.1016\u002F0005-2728(83)90217-7",{"doi":261},{"id":19,"text":264,"url":19,"identifiers":265},"10.1016\u002FS0079-6336(76)80015-0",{"doi":264},{"id":19,"text":267,"url":19,"identifiers":268},"10.1111\u002Fj.1432-1033.1992.tb17285.x",{"doi":267},false,{"id":271,"createTime":272,"updateTime":272,"relativeEntities":273,"slug":274,"properties":275,"entityType":64,"verifyStatus":65,"verifyTime":289,"verifyNote":67,"syncStatus":18,"languages":290,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20,"primaryUrl":291,"fullTextUrl":19,"authors":292,"publicationType":123,"publisherRelationship":414,"citationCount":437,"citationInfo":438,"publishDate":441,"publishYear":442,"citationAnalyzeStatus":18,"lastCitationAnalyze":19,"indexDatabases":19,"openAccess":19,"references":443,"isForceReanalyzing":269},"70e4b340-c428-4fb1-9d7e-02f9668b9f40","2024-12-12T23:42:26.582+00:00",[],"Optimal-detection-of-apoptosis-by-flow-cytometry-depends-on-cell-morphology",{"mag":276,"keywords":278,"openalex":279,"abstract":281,"title":283,"pm":285,"doi":287},{"VOID":277},"2024021696",{},{"VOID":280},"W2024021696",{"EN":282},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Flow cytometry has recently become a choice technique for the quantitative analysis of apoptosis. Monoparametric DNA analysis usually allows identification of apoptotic cells as a “subdiploid” peak. Progression through apoptosis leads to chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation and eventually to cell disruption. Thus, a major problem for the flow cytometric analysis of apoptotic populations is discrimination between debris and apoptotic cells. Here we demonstrate that the best parameter on which to make such a distinction is the DNA content, no matter what type of cell is studied. In contrast, discrimination between apoptotic, non‐apoptotic cells, and debris is possible on the basis of scattering signals only in few selected cases, depending on the morphology of the intact cells. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":284},"Optimal detection of apoptosis by flow cytometry depends on cell morphology",{"VOID":286},"8287732",{"VOID":288},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990140807","2024-12-12T23:42:26.581+00:00",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.990140807",[293,335,357,376,397],{"id":294,"sortIndex":159,"researcher":19,"roles":295,"affiliations":296,"properties":328},"dbb61199-68e8-4d42-b1df-ba3400d986db",[],[297,308,318],{"id":298,"sortIndex":299,"affiliation":300,"properties":19},"3b3e5fab-7dab-4e48-a8bc-5d87db538686",2,{"id":301,"createTime":302,"updateTime":302,"relativeEntities":303,"slug":304,"properties":305,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"a2abd603-c838-4898-9afc-fb2d0964a42c","2024-12-12T23:42:26.803+00:00",[],"Istituto-di-Anatoa-Umana-Normale-University-of-Bologna-via-Irnerio-48-40126-Bologna-Italy",{"title":306},{"EN":307},"Istituto di Anatoa Umana Normale, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy",{"id":309,"sortIndex":74,"affiliation":310,"properties":19},"55dda53a-ea7f-489e-a4e3-d088ead42ba8",{"id":311,"createTime":312,"updateTime":312,"relativeEntities":313,"slug":314,"properties":315,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"18ba81e1-9cf6-42e3-a432-02383e8b72a4","2024-12-12T23:42:26.627+00:00",[],"Ist-Citomorfologia-N-P-C-N-R-c-o-Istituto-di-Ricerca-Codivilla-Putti-Bologna",{"title":316},{"EN":317},"Ist. 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KS, 1987, Gene induction by γ‐radiation leads to DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes, J Immunol, 139, 3199, 10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.139.10.3199",{"doi":471},"10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.139.10.3199",{"id":19,"text":473,"url":19,"identifiers":474},"10.1016\u002F0014-5793(92)80914-3",{"doi":473},{"id":19,"text":476,"url":19,"identifiers":477},"10.1016\u002F0022-1759(91)90396-W",{"doi":476},{"id":19,"text":479,"url":19,"identifiers":480},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990130205",{"doi":479},{"id":19,"text":482,"url":19,"identifiers":483},"10.1016\u002F0092-8674(91)90002-G",{"doi":482},{"id":19,"text":485,"url":19,"identifiers":486},"Wyllie AH, 1980, International Review of Cytology, 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of cells undergoing apoptosis is presented. The method allows the simultaneous determination of dual‐color cell surface immunofluorescence. Cells are stained for 7 min with the vital dye Hoechst 33342 (HO342) for identification of live and apoptotic cells. 7‐amino‐actinomycin D (7‐AAD) is added to distinguish cells that have lost membrane integrity from apoptotic and live cells. Due to its spectral properties 7‐AAD can be utilized on cells that are dual‐surface labelled with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC) and phycoerythrin (PE). The value of the method is demonstrated on human thymocytes, which constitutively undergo programmed cell death and which show an increase in the rate of apoptosis after exposure to the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX). Vital staining with HO342 permits earlier detection of apoptotic changes compared to a staining technique in which cells are treated with a hypotonic citrate solution containing propidium iodide (PI) and the apoptotic cells are represented in a hypodiploid, “sub‐G\u003Cjats:sub>1\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>” peak. The HO342\u002F7AAD method may be particularly applicable to studies of programmed cell death in cells in which DNA fragmentation is difficult to detect by decreased DNA stainability. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":501},"Sensitive method for measuring apoptosis and cell surface phenotype in human thymocytes by flow cytometry",{"VOID":503},"7512891",{"VOID":505},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990150104",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.990150104",[509,540,567],{"id":510,"sortIndex":299,"researcher":19,"roles":511,"affiliations":512,"properties":535},"f5e726ee-36a0-45da-a89b-52f9ab9a1685",[],[513,524],{"id":514,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":515,"properties":19},"2cfda0a4-3522-4564-ad2d-d0840ca5756b",{"id":516,"createTime":517,"updateTime":518,"relativeEntities":519,"slug":520,"properties":521,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"7079bedd-530d-447c-8eff-9dbd2867712b","2024-01-20T23:52:28.116+00:00","2025-01-05T10:42:12.946+00:00",[],"Department-of-Medicine-UCLA-School-of-Medicine-Los-Angeles-California-90024",{"title":522},{"VI":523},"Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90024",{"id":525,"sortIndex":74,"affiliation":526,"properties":19},"9d88d381-10fb-47c7-b9f4-df74915eb4c2",{"id":527,"createTime":528,"updateTime":529,"relativeEntities":530,"slug":531,"properties":532,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"2127d848-db25-4079-8b95-2a1c6f8f0481","2024-10-07T21:31:54.513+00:00","2025-01-03T10:13:18.770+00:00",[],"Jonsson-Comprehensive-Cancer-Center-UCLA-School-of-Medicine-Los-Angeles-California-90024",{"title":533},{"EN":534},"Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90024",{"openalex":536,"title":538},{"VOID":537},"A5006167659",{"EN":539},"Janis V. Giorgi",{"id":541,"sortIndex":74,"researcher":19,"roles":542,"affiliations":543,"properties":560},"c4cdadf8-8fd0-47b9-aa68-ad1b21b23086",[],[544,554],{"id":545,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":546,"properties":19},"5e56d002-0a04-4c3d-ae0e-5688686dd26f",{"id":547,"createTime":548,"updateTime":548,"relativeEntities":549,"slug":550,"properties":551,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"94b2b461-2be2-4c68-8061-7bbacd90e4ec","2024-10-07T21:31:54.519+00:00",[],"Department-of-Pedriatics-UCLA-School-of-Medicine-Los-Angeles-California-90024",{"title":552},{"EN":553},"Department of Pedriatics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90024",{"id":555,"sortIndex":74,"affiliation":556,"properties":19},"4618c5e5-754d-4653-b002-9a8ff47d8df6",{"id":527,"createTime":528,"updateTime":529,"relativeEntities":557,"slug":531,"properties":558,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},[],{"title":559},{"EN":534},{"openalex":561,"orcid":563,"title":565},{"VOID":562},"A5027997274",{"VOID":564},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-0825-6521",{"EN":566},"Christel H. 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Ontogeny of expression, J Immunol, 134, 2983, 10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.134.5.2983",{"doi":674},"10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.134.5.2983",{"id":19,"text":479,"url":19,"identifiers":676},{"doi":479},{"id":19,"text":678,"url":19,"identifiers":679},"Uittenbogaart CH, 1983, Growth of human malignant cell lines in serum free medium. In Vitro, 19, 72",{},{"id":19,"text":681,"url":19,"identifiers":682},"10.1093\u002Fintimm\u002F2.12.1179",{"doi":681},{"id":684,"createTime":685,"updateTime":685,"relativeEntities":686,"slug":687,"properties":688,"entityType":64,"verifyStatus":65,"verifyTime":685,"verifyNote":67,"syncStatus":18,"languages":702,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20,"primaryUrl":703,"fullTextUrl":19,"authors":704,"publicationType":123,"publisherRelationship":815,"citationCount":837,"citationInfo":838,"publishDate":840,"publishYear":161,"citationAnalyzeStatus":18,"lastCitationAnalyze":19,"indexDatabases":19,"openAccess":19,"references":841,"isForceReanalyzing":269},"9d2a4611-f948-4edf-ac64-f233f965c509","2024-11-25T18:42:36.175+00:00",[],"Flow-cytometric-cytotoxicity-assay-for-measuring-mammalian-and-avian-NK-cell-activity",{"mag":689,"keywords":691,"openalex":692,"abstract":694,"title":696,"pm":698,"doi":700},{"VOID":690},"2042356157",{},{"VOID":693},"W2042356157",{"EN":695},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Background\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Flow‐cytometric assays are convenient alternatives to classic radioactive natural killer (NK) tests. MitoTracker Green FM, a green fluorescent intracellular probe serving originally for staining mitochondria, seemed especially suitable for labeling NK target cells.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Materials and Methods\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>NK target cells were labeled with MitoTracker Green FM. After incubation with effector spleen cells, cell suspensions were stained with propidium iodide (PI), and flow‐cytometric analysis was performed.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>MitoTracker Green FM stained efficiently each cell type we assayed, including resting cells, and it was not released from dead cells. NK assays were set up using mouse spleen effector cells and K562 NK target cells. MitoTracker Green FM and PI double staining allowed a discrimination of live and dead target cells, and the cytotoxicity values were in the expected range. Then the method was applied to a less well‐known chicken model. We found that chicken‐skin fibroblasts had a definite sensitivity to autologous splenic NK cells, sometimes as high as the sensitivity of classic NK targets.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusions\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Convenient flow‐cytometric NK tests can be performed by MitoTracker Green FM and PI staining. Using this method, we demonstrated that chicken fibroblasts are sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of autologous NK cells. Cytometry 47:158–162, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>",{"EN":697},"Flow cytometric cytotoxicity assay for measuring mammalian and avian NK cell activity",{"VOID":699},"11891720",{"VOID":701},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.10066",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.10066",[705,737,760,777,800],{"id":706,"sortIndex":337,"researcher":19,"roles":707,"affiliations":708,"properties":730},"ca14776e-87cf-4b78-8d0f-4e63a98285ac",[],[709,719],{"id":710,"sortIndex":74,"affiliation":711,"properties":19},"35448996-09cd-4e4b-8b08-43138bcf9d7b",{"id":712,"createTime":713,"updateTime":713,"relativeEntities":714,"slug":715,"properties":716,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"282c647d-00f3-4ea3-b6d3-17e6a0bacfc2","2024-11-25T18:42:36.192+00:00",[],"Institute-of-Medical-Microbiology-Albert-Szent-Gyo-rgyi-Medical-and-Pharmaceutical-Center-Szeged-University-Szeged-Hungary",{"title":717},{"EN":718},"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical and Pharmaceutical Center, Szeged University, Szeged, Hungary",{"id":720,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":721,"properties":19},"be604761-f2ae-4453-98b2-dd81bcb1671e",{"id":722,"createTime":723,"updateTime":724,"relativeEntities":725,"slug":726,"properties":727,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"96828d78-49d3-4d2e-88b2-de859f81cd58","2024-02-09T02:01:28.550+00:00","2024-11-25T18:42:36.185+00:00",[],"Institute-of-Biochemistry-Biological-Research-Center-of-the-Hungarian-Academy-of-Sciences-Szeged-Hungary",{"title":728},{"VI":729},"Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary",{"openalex":731,"orcid":733,"title":735},{"VOID":732},"A5013293839",{"VOID":734},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-4785-2713",{"EN":736},"Hristos Glavinas",{"id":738,"sortIndex":159,"researcher":19,"roles":739,"affiliations":740,"properties":753},"ce8fe26a-99d2-4ad2-b9c2-ee1b048b0be0",[],[741,747],{"id":742,"sortIndex":74,"affiliation":743,"properties":19},"c0e0b651-470d-4d39-8aed-ce01f6115fd9",{"id":712,"createTime":713,"updateTime":713,"relativeEntities":744,"slug":715,"properties":745,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},[],{"title":746},{"EN":718},{"id":748,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":749,"properties":19},"e70a83d8-85ae-40e9-adb4-5e2fac018387",{"id":722,"createTime":723,"updateTime":724,"relativeEntities":750,"slug":726,"properties":751,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},[],{"title":752},{"VI":729},{"openalex":754,"orcid":756,"title":758},{"VOID":755},"A5062182055",{"VOID":757},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-0964-1627",{"EN":759},"E. 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inhibition by isoantibody and by drugs, Immunology, 14, 181",{},{"id":19,"text":852,"url":19,"identifiers":853},"10.1038\u002Fbjc.1998.105",{"doi":852},{"id":19,"text":855,"url":19,"identifiers":856},"10.1016\u002F0022-1759(95)00116-R",{"doi":855},{"id":19,"text":858,"url":19,"identifiers":859},"10.1016\u002FS0022-1759(97)00047-1",{"doi":858},{"id":19,"text":861,"url":19,"identifiers":862},"Khalil N, 1990, Growth factor‐initiated proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts induces cytotoxicity by natural killer cells and by a non‐cytolysin in natural killer granules, J Immunol, 145, 1286, 10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.145.4.1286",{"doi":863},"10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.145.4.1286",{"id":19,"text":865,"url":19,"identifiers":866},"10.1111\u002Fj.1600-065X.1995.tb00670.x",{"doi":865},{"id":19,"text":868,"url":19,"identifiers":869},"10.1002\u002Feji.1830240734",{"doi":868},{"id":871,"createTime":872,"updateTime":872,"relativeEntities":873,"slug":874,"properties":875,"entityType":64,"verifyStatus":65,"verifyTime":872,"verifyNote":67,"syncStatus":18,"languages":889,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20,"primaryUrl":890,"fullTextUrl":19,"authors":891,"publicationType":123,"publisherRelationship":977,"citationCount":998,"citationInfo":999,"publishDate":441,"publishYear":442,"citationAnalyzeStatus":18,"lastCitationAnalyze":19,"indexDatabases":19,"openAccess":19,"references":1001,"isForceReanalyzing":269},"b300acd9-d2e0-49f0-928e-d45b97969856","2024-12-04T18:31:46.075+00:00",[],"Identification-and-quantitation-of-apoptotic-cells-following-anti-CD3-activation-of-murine-G-sub-0-sub-T-cells",{"mag":876,"keywords":878,"openalex":879,"abstract":881,"title":883,"pm":885,"doi":887},{"VOID":877},"2095393371",{},{"VOID":880},"W2095393371",{"EN":882},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Multiparameter flow cytometry and cell sorting were used to examine the process of apoptosis after activation of murine resting T cells with immobilized anti‐CD3. Activated T cells treated with Hoechst 33342 (HO‐33342) and analyzed by flow cytometry showed two major cell populations of high and low fluorescence. These populations were sorted and the DNA extracted and subjected to electrophoresis. Electrophoresis of DNA extracted from T cells showing a low level of HO‐33342 fluorescence (HO‐Low) resulted in a typical ladder pattern characteristic of internucleosomal DNA degradation associated with apoptosis, whereas the cellular DNA of the cells showing a high level of fluorescence (HO‐High) showed a narrow high molecular weight band. Multiparameter analysis further indicated that cells with HO‐High characteristics possessed corresponding high‐FSC\u002Flow‐SSC properties, whereas HO‐Low cells formed a cluster of low‐FSC\u002Fhigh‐SSC cells. Analysis of the DNA extracted from cells sorted on the basis of scatter properties alone confirmed that the low‐FSC\u002Fhigh‐SSC population contained the apoptotic cells and that the high‐FSC\u002Flow‐SSC population was comprised of viable cells. This methodology allowed us to determine the percentage of apoptotic cells following anti‐CD3 activation at various time points and to discriminate them from those in cell cycle. We could further quantitate the number of apoptotic versus viable CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the cell cycle. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003Cjats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxlink\" xlink:href=\"#note1\" \u002F>\u003Cjats:fn>\u003Cjats:p>This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:fn>\n\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":884},"Identification and quantitation of apoptotic cells following anti‐CD3 activation of murine G\u003Csub>0\u003C\u002Fsub> T cells",{"VOID":886},"7507023",{"VOID":888},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990140806",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.990140806",[892,911,928,943,962],{"id":893,"sortIndex":159,"researcher":19,"roles":894,"affiliations":895,"properties":906},"f0a4dcd7-705b-46e5-b7d2-5801e66711e6",[],[896],{"id":897,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":898,"properties":19},"6db44aa0-eab3-4546-a289-e27f114e104b",{"id":899,"createTime":900,"updateTime":900,"relativeEntities":901,"slug":902,"properties":903,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"b37212c3-973a-42b5-a4fb-837a1d3725b4","2024-12-04T18:31:46.156+00:00",[],"Clinical-Immunology-Section-Gerontology-Research-Center-National-Institute-on-Aging-NIH-Baltimore-Maryland-21224",{"title":904},{"EN":905},"Clinical Immunology Section, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224",{"openalex":907,"title":909},{"VOID":908},"A5004747319",{"EN":910},"Albert A. 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I. Requirements for de novo transcription and translation and association with genome fragmentation, J Immunol, 143, 3461, 10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.143.11.3461",{"doi":1058},"10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.143.11.3461",{"id":19,"text":1060,"url":19,"identifiers":1061},"Ucker DS, 1992, Activation‐driven T cell death. II. Quantitative differences alone distinguish stimuli triggering non‐transformed T cell proliferation or death, J Immunol, 149, 1583, 10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.149.5.1583",{"doi":1062},"10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.149.5.1583",{"id":1064,"createTime":1065,"updateTime":1065,"relativeEntities":1066,"slug":1067,"properties":1068,"entityType":64,"verifyStatus":65,"verifyTime":1065,"verifyNote":67,"syncStatus":18,"languages":1082,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20,"primaryUrl":1083,"fullTextUrl":19,"authors":1084,"publicationType":123,"publisherRelationship":1174,"citationCount":1197,"citationInfo":1198,"publishDate":1200,"publishYear":161,"citationAnalyzeStatus":18,"lastCitationAnalyze":19,"indexDatabases":19,"openAccess":19,"references":1201,"isForceReanalyzing":269},"06e38e9a-9185-434f-b562-42f38a7f59eb","2024-10-07T18:16:17.272+00:00",[],"Flow-cytometric-immunophenotyping-test-for-staging-monitoring-neuroblastoma-patients",{"mag":1069,"keywords":1071,"openalex":1072,"abstract":1074,"title":1076,"pm":1078,"doi":1080},{"VOID":1070},"1987638110",{},{"VOID":1073},"W1987638110",{"EN":1075},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Ten years ago, we made an incidental flow cytometric observation while immunophenotyping biopsy and marrow samples from children suspected to have leukemia\u002Fnon‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, but were subsequently diagnosed with neuroblastoma. The samples contained neoplastic CD45\u003Cjats:sup>−\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> cells that had an extremely bright CD56\u003Cjats:sup>+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> (beyond the fourth decade on a four‐decade scale) population distinguishable from CD45\u003Cjats:sup>+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>CD56\u003Cjats:sup>usual density+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> natural killer lymphocytes as well as other CD45\u003Cjats:sup>−\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>CD56\u003Cjats:sup>usual density+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> nonhematopoietic tumors such as small cell carcinoma or melanoma. Following the “rare event” philosophy of selecting one negative and two positive antigens, we initially tried a “cocktail” of CD45\u003Cjats:sup>−\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>CD56\u003Cjats:sup>very bright+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> neuron‐specific enolase (NSE)\u003Cjats:sup>cytoplasmic+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>. We later modified the procedure to a more clinically applicable “lysed whole blood” CD45\u003Cjats:sup>−\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>CD56\u003Cjats:sup>very bright+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> ganglioside GD2\u003Cjats:sup>+\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> cocktail to improve turnaround time (eliminating the cell permeabilization step for cytoplasmic NSE analysis), specificity, and sensitivity of the assay. A total of 123 marrow\u002Ftissue\u002Ffluid samples were analyzed by the various forms of the assay. Clearly interpretable samples had an 83% specificity and a 100% sensitivity. The three‐color GD2 assay has successfully detected cells in marrow samples to a level of 0.002% (1 per 10\u003Cjats:sup>5\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> cells) using patient samples (not artificially “spiked” material). We added CD81 expression of the neuroblastoma cells as a fourth color and now use this rare event clinical test to help stage and monitor all patients with neuroblastoma. Cytometry (Clin. Cytometry) 50:298–304, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1077},"Flow cytometric immunophenotyping test for staging\u002Fmonitoring neuroblastoma patients",{"VOID":1079},"12497591",{"VOID":1081},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.10159",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.10159",[1085,1104,1123,1142,1157],{"id":1086,"sortIndex":159,"researcher":19,"roles":1087,"affiliations":1088,"properties":1099},"d3a738c6-9429-4ea1-ac4b-da1ad31e7901",[],[1089],{"id":1090,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":1091,"properties":19},"0eaa1740-cbb1-4c35-968e-efc6ae0b2bea",{"id":1092,"createTime":1093,"updateTime":1093,"relativeEntities":1094,"slug":1095,"properties":1096,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"eef5c795-43eb-4b7c-9bcb-dd59a1a9e0dc","2024-10-07T18:16:17.333+00:00",[],"Department-of-Pathology-and-Laboratory-Medicine-Children-s-Hospital-Birmingham-Alabama-",{"title":1097},{"EN":1098},"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Birmingham, Alabama.",{"openalex":1100,"title":1102},{"VOID":1101},"A5079627691",{"EN":1103},"Yuki Hammers",{"id":1105,"sortIndex":299,"researcher":19,"roles":1106,"affiliations":1107,"properties":1118},"65565d11-b963-40a4-9226-e4aa2645918c",[],[1108],{"id":1109,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":1110,"properties":19},"a56b7c51-91aa-4c1f-9b34-e8a8f68d0810",{"id":1111,"createTime":1112,"updateTime":1112,"relativeEntities":1113,"slug":1114,"properties":1115,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"29b05a04-f175-4c98-a510-16b743580568","2024-10-07T18:16:17.309+00:00",[],"Department-of-Pediatrics-Spectrum-Health-Grand-Rapids-Michigan",{"title":1116},{"EN":1117},"Department of Pediatrics, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan",{"openalex":1119,"title":1121},{"VOID":1120},"A5076778210",{"EN":1122},"Richard A. 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novel, on‐line method of accurately parametrizing the shape of spreading cells is described. The substrate on which the cells are deposited serves as an optical waveguide. The method is based on the interaction between the evanescent part of the guided waves and the cells. No special labelling of the cells is required. A mathematical framework for interpreting the results is derived, and some illustrative results are presented. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1316},"Optical method for measurement of number and shape of attached cells in real time",{"VOID":1318},"7743900",{"VOID":1320},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990190202","2024-09-26T18:15:31.638+00:00",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.990190202",[1325,1347,1362,1379],{"id":1326,"sortIndex":299,"researcher":19,"roles":1327,"affiliations":1328,"properties":1340},"cbc1116d-3888-485d-b158-54ff0ebe5f51",[],[1329],{"id":1330,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":1331,"properties":19},"54788c37-d308-4a77-a516-3895b4e3c9bc",{"id":1332,"createTime":1333,"updateTime":1334,"relativeEntities":1335,"slug":1336,"properties":1337,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"03e9ab73-96ba-43fb-8259-9382b318fa67","2024-04-17T21:01:42.483+00:00","2025-06-11T17:13:15.219+00:00",[],"Department-of-Chemical-Engineering-ETH-Zurich-Switzerland",{"title":1338},{"EN":1339},"Department of Chemical Engineering, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland",{"openalex":1341,"orcid":1343,"title":1345},{"VOID":1342},"A5050506001",{"VOID":1344},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-1689-9300",{"EN":1346},"Elmar Heinzle",{"id":1348,"sortIndex":337,"researcher":19,"roles":1349,"affiliations":1350,"properties":1357},"a63a8b68-a472-489f-994f-5ec3fd8ab2c3",[],[1351],{"id":1352,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":1353,"properties":19},"7a00fa06-9714-48db-84ef-2824b3c23e27",{"id":1332,"createTime":1333,"updateTime":1334,"relativeEntities":1354,"slug":1336,"properties":1355,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},[],{"title":1356},{"EN":1339},{"openalex":1358,"title":1360},{"VOID":1359},"A5041749590",{"EN":1361},"Jiří E. 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In this report, we describe a rapid flow cytometry method termed Standard Cell Dilution Analysis (SCDA) specifically to quantify any subset of phenotypically definable, viable cells in heterogeneous populations using a FACScan flow cytometer. This method combines: (1) specific detection of lymphocyte subsets by phycoerythrin‐conjugated monoclonal antibodies, (2) electronic exclusion of dead cells or cell debris by propidium‐iodide staining and gating on forward vs. sidescatter, respectively, and (3) admixture of a known amount of fixed, fluorescein isothiocyanate stained cells immediately before analysis as a constant parameter to allow for calculation of cell quantity. We have used SCDA to analyze the in vitro growth characteristics of various human T‐lymphocyte subpopulations in response to different activation stimuli. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1506},"Rapid quantification of lymphocyte subsets in heterogeneous cell populations by flow 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KT, 1968, Quantitative assay of the lytic action of immune lymphoid cells on 51Cr labeled allogeneic target cells in vitro: Inhibition by isoantibody and by drugs, Immunology, 14, 181",{},{"id":19,"text":1606,"url":19,"identifiers":1607},"Flieger D, 1992, Evaluation of antibody mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of cocktails of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies using the flow cytometry proportionality assay (FPA), Immunobiology, 196, 66",{},{"id":19,"text":1609,"url":19,"identifiers":1610},"James SP, 1991, Current Protocols in Immunology, 3.12.1",{},{"id":19,"text":1612,"url":19,"identifiers":1613},"Janssen O, 1991, T cell receptor\u002FCD3‐signaling induces death by apoptosis in human T cell receptor γδ+ T cells, J Immunol, 146, 35, 10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.146.1.35",{"doi":1614},"10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.146.1.35",{"id":19,"text":1616,"url":19,"identifiers":1617},"10.1084\u002Fjem.173.6.1331",{"doi":1616},{"id":19,"text":1619,"url":19,"identifiers":1620},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3083.1985.tb01888.x",{"doi":1619},{"id":19,"text":1622,"url":19,"identifiers":1623},"10.1093\u002Fintimm\u002F4.12.1381",{"doi":1622},{"id":19,"text":1625,"url":19,"identifiers":1626},"10.1126\u002Fscience.2524876",{"doi":1625},{"id":19,"text":1628,"url":19,"identifiers":1629},"Kruisbeck AH, 1992, Current Protocols in Immunology, 3.12.1",{},{"id":19,"text":1631,"url":19,"identifiers":1632},"10.1084\u002Fjem.157.2.743",{"doi":1631},{"id":19,"text":1634,"url":19,"identifiers":1635},"Parks DR, 1989, Fundamental Immunology, 781",{},{"id":19,"text":1637,"url":19,"identifiers":1638},"10.1016\u002F0092-8674(90)90420-J",{"doi":1637},{"id":19,"text":1640,"url":19,"identifiers":1641},"Wesselborg S, 1993, Induction of activation‐driven death (apoptosis) in activated but not resting peripheral blood T cells, J Immunol, 150, 4338, 10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.150.10.4338",{"doi":1642},"10.4049\u002Fjimmunol.150.10.4338",{"id":19,"text":1644,"url":19,"identifiers":1645},"Yokoyama WM, 1991, Current Protocols in Immunology, 5.4.1",{},{"id":1647,"createTime":1648,"updateTime":1648,"relativeEntities":1649,"slug":1650,"properties":1651,"entityType":64,"verifyStatus":65,"verifyTime":1665,"verifyNote":67,"syncStatus":18,"languages":1666,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20,"primaryUrl":1667,"fullTextUrl":19,"authors":1668,"publicationType":123,"publisherRelationship":1769,"citationCount":1791,"citationInfo":1792,"publishDate":1794,"publishYear":1795,"citationAnalyzeStatus":18,"lastCitationAnalyze":19,"indexDatabases":19,"openAccess":19,"references":1796,"isForceReanalyzing":269},"9d7b1cfe-3cf7-4fe5-b3e9-c513fd66d497","2024-10-03T17:43:29.605+00:00",[],"The-multivariate-prognostic-index-and-nuclear-DNA-content-are-independent-prognostic-factors-in-primary-breast-cancer-patients",{"mag":1652,"keywords":1654,"openalex":1655,"abstract":1657,"title":1659,"pm":1661,"doi":1663},{"VOID":1653},"2077857519",{},{"VOID":1656},"W2077857519",{"EN":1658},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The predictive value of a previously described Multivariate Prognostic Index (which incorporates weighted values of the mitotic activity index, tumor size, and the axillary lymph node status), and the nuclear DNA content (DNA) was evaluated in 156 patients with primary invasive ductal breast cancer, diagnosed between 1980 and 1983. The results were analysed with respect to the occurrence of distant recurrence and survival of the patients after at least 3 yr of follow‐up (range 36–73 months; median 44 months).\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>Known prognostic factors such as lymph node status, tumor size, and the mitotic activity index correlated independently with distant recurrence. Furthermore, in respect to survival, the investigated prognostic factors (except DNA content) were significantly correlated.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>The results indicate that the predictive value of the Multivariate Prognostic Index (MPI) is stronger (\u003Cjats:italic>P\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> < 0.001) than of the nuclear DNA content (\u003Cjats:italic>P\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> < 0.005) with respect to distant recurrence.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>In a Cox multivariate regression analysis DNA ploidy turned out to be an independent prognostic factor once the MPI was selected. Furthermore, in Cox's analysis, DNA ploidy was the fourth selected variable after lymph node status, mitotic activity index, and tumor size in individual parameter analysis. The results of this study indicate that, with respect to breast cancer screening programs, it seems worthwhile to integrate morphometric features, the MPI, and DNA ploidy in a new prognostic model.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1660},"The multivariate prognostic index and nuclear DNA content are independent prognostic factors in primary breast cancer patients",{"VOID":1662},"2917476",{"VOID":1664},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990100110","2024-10-03T17:43:29.604+00:00",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.990100110",[1669,1689,1720,1735,1752],{"id":1670,"sortIndex":159,"researcher":19,"roles":1671,"affiliations":1672,"properties":1684},"39c95735-29ca-44f7-bdef-ead3b39eba25",[],[1673],{"id":1674,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":1675,"properties":19},"6277a00e-6b7d-4912-84f1-57af46b8914a",{"id":1676,"createTime":1677,"updateTime":1678,"relativeEntities":1679,"slug":1680,"properties":1681,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"070090fd-df78-422a-b5f9-5d6b5cf1d4c5","2023-12-06T10:38:42.645+00:00","2025-06-11T20:03:19.116+00:00",[],"Department-of-Pathology-Loyola-University-Maywood-Illinois",{"title":1682},{"VI":1683},"Department of Pathology, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois",{"openalex":1685,"title":1687},{"VOID":1686},"A5005863388",{"EN":1688},"Chester J. 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Site‐specific patterns and trends 1955–1974, World Health Stat Q, 33, 241",{},{"id":19,"text":1817,"url":19,"identifiers":1818},"Dixon WJ, 1983, BMDP statistical software",{},{"id":19,"text":1820,"url":19,"identifiers":1821},"10.1002\u002F1097-0142(19840201)53:3 \u003C712::AID-CNCR2820531320>3.0.CO;2-I",{"doi":1820},{"id":19,"text":1823,"url":19,"identifiers":1824},"Hahnel R, 1982, Endocrine Relations in Breast Cancer, 107",{},{"id":19,"text":1826,"url":19,"identifiers":1827},"10.1177\u002F31.11.6619538",{"doi":1826},{"id":19,"text":1829,"url":19,"identifiers":1830},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990060409",{"doi":1829},{"id":19,"text":1832,"url":19,"identifiers":1833},"Herman CJ, 1984, Quantitative cytologic and histologic techniques to assist in cancer evaluation, Methods Achiev Exp Pathol, 11, 73",{},{"id":19,"text":1835,"url":19,"identifiers":1836},"Herman CJ, 1987, Recent progress in clinical quantitative cytology, Arch Pathol Lab Med, 111, 505",{},{"id":19,"text":1838,"url":19,"identifiers":1839},"10.1038\u002Fbjc.1987.258",{"doi":1838},{"id":19,"text":1841,"url":19,"identifiers":1842},"10.1136\u002Fjcp.40.3.302",{"doi":1841},{"id":19,"text":1844,"url":19,"identifiers":1845},"10.1136\u002Fjcp.39.6.603",{"doi":1844},{"id":19,"text":1847,"url":19,"identifiers":1848},"McGuire WL, 1985, Emerging impact of flow cytometry in predicting recurrence and survival in breast cancer patients, J Cancer Inst, 75, 405",{},{"id":19,"text":1850,"url":19,"identifiers":1851},"McGuireWL MeierJS BarlogieB KuteTE Impact of flow cytometry on predicting recurrence and survival in breast cancer patients.Breast Cancer Res Treat117–128 1985.",{"doi":1852},"10.1007\u002FBF01805985",{"id":19,"text":1854,"url":19,"identifiers":1855},"10.1002\u002Fpath.1711490202",{"doi":1854},{"id":19,"text":1857,"url":19,"identifiers":1858},"10.1002\u002F1097-0142(19860215)57:4\u003C808::AID-CNCR2820570421>3.0.CO;2-#",{"doi":1857},{"id":19,"text":1860,"url":19,"identifiers":1861},"10.1136\u002Fjcp.40.12.1432",{"doi":1860},{"id":19,"text":1863,"url":19,"identifiers":1864},"10.1093\u002Fajcp\u002F89.3.301",{"doi":1863},{"id":19,"text":1866,"url":19,"identifiers":1867},"1979, WHO: Handbook for reporting results of cancer treatment, 28",{},{"id":1869,"createTime":1870,"updateTime":1870,"relativeEntities":1871,"slug":1872,"properties":1873,"entityType":64,"verifyStatus":65,"verifyTime":1870,"verifyNote":67,"syncStatus":18,"languages":1887,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20,"primaryUrl":1888,"fullTextUrl":19,"authors":1889,"publicationType":123,"publisherRelationship":1909,"citationCount":1931,"citationInfo":1932,"publishDate":1934,"publishYear":1436,"citationAnalyzeStatus":18,"lastCitationAnalyze":19,"indexDatabases":19,"openAccess":19,"references":1935,"isForceReanalyzing":269},"2b4a81a6-be45-47ef-8358-743ca5b4b180","2024-10-06T16:30:43.097+00:00",[],"Nucleic-acid-dyes-for-detection-of-apoptosis-in-live-cells",{"mag":1874,"keywords":1876,"openalex":1877,"abstract":1879,"title":1881,"pm":1883,"doi":1885},{"VOID":1875},"2038512880",{},{"VOID":1878},"W2038512880",{"EN":1880},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Apoptotic thymocytes were found to be much dimmer than normal thymocytes when stained with several nucleic acid dyes. These dyes provide a quick and simple assay for apoptosis which works for live cells and does not require a UV laser. The collection of dyes giving this staining pattern includes reagents suitable for use in either the FL1, FL2, or FL3 channel of a standard FACScan. Cells identified by these reagents were identical to apoptotic thymocytes defined by several widely used criteria: (i) rapid uptake of Hoechst 33342 but exclusion of propidium iodide, (ii) merocyanin 540 bright, and (iii) sub‐G\u003Cjats:sub>1\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> DNA content when permeabilized in a buffer that elutes fragmented DNA. In addition, L3T4\u002FThy‐1 dim thymocytes were included in the dye dim population. The standard Hoechst 33342 and merocyanin 540 assays were not able to separate the normal and apoptotic populations in HL‐60 cells treated with camptothecin. However, the dyes SYTO‐16 and LDS‐751 both gave adequate differentiation of apoptotic from nonapoptotic cells in this model system. Some of these dyes also emit very little in other fluorescence channels of the flow cytometer and can be used in multicolor assays on cytometers equipped with only a single argon‐ion laser. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1882},"Nucleic acid dyes for detection of apoptosis in live cells",{"VOID":1884},"8582249",{"VOID":1886},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990210307",[69],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fcyto.990210307",[1890],{"id":1891,"sortIndex":20,"researcher":19,"roles":1892,"affiliations":1893,"properties":1904},"409fb30a-8210-4b80-83a3-1b1d9ad81d49",[],[1894],{"id":1895,"sortIndex":20,"affiliation":1896,"properties":19},"0c487b94-3a14-424e-b454-e2bcbdb9860d",{"id":1897,"createTime":1898,"updateTime":1898,"relativeEntities":1899,"slug":1900,"properties":1901,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20},"2446e86e-55fd-4657-b4be-0cafc1b00ee8","2024-10-06T16:30:43.111+00:00",[],"Becton-Dickinson-Immunocytometry-Systems-San-Jose-California-95131-USA-",{"title":1902},{"EN":1903},"Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, California 95131, USA.",{"openalex":1905,"title":1907},{"VOID":1906},"A5079210545",{"EN":1908},"Tom Frey",{"url":19,"publisher":1910,"properties":1925},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1911,"slug":10,"properties":1912,"entityType":17,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":19,"verifyNote":19,"syncStatus":18,"languages":19,"translateLanguages":19,"viewCount":20,"subjectFields":1916,"manageAffiliations":1917,"indexDatabases":1918,"url":19,"thumbnailPath":19,"statistic":19,"gsStatistic":19,"type":19,"analyzePriority":19},[],{"issn":1913,"eissn":1914,"title":1915},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":10},[],[],[1919],{"id":25,"indexDatabase":1920,"url":38,"indexYears":39,"academicFieldIds":19,"indexDatabaseRanking":40},{"id":27,"createTime":28,"updateTime":29,"relativeEntities":1921,"label":1922,"description":1923,"key":35,"publicationTags":1924,"standard":19},[],{"EN":32,"VI":32},{"EN":32,"VI":34},[37],{"volume":1926,"pages":1928,"issue":1930},{"VOID":1927},"21",{"VOID":1929},"265-274",{"VOID":836},123,{"total":1931,"publishYear":19,"statisticByYear":1933},{"2012":337,"2013":616,"2014":337,"2015":337,"2016":616,"2017":616,"2018":159,"2019":299,"2020":74,"2021":337,"2022":299,"2024":74},"1995-11-01",[1936,1939,1942,1946,1949,1951,1954,1958,1961,1964,1966,1969,1971,1975,1978,1981,1984,1986,1989,1992,1995,1998,2000,2004,2008,2011,2014,2017,2019,2023,2025,2028,2031,2034,2037],{"id":19,"text":1937,"url":19,"identifiers":1938},"10.1002\u002Fcyto.990170108",{"doi":1937},{"id":19,"text":1940,"url":19,"identifiers":1941},"10.1002\u002Feji.1830240909",{"doi":1940},{"id":19,"text":1943,"url":19,"identifiers":1944},"Carbonari M, 1994, Detection and characterization of apoptotic peripheral blood lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus infection and cancer chemotherapy by a novel flow immunocytometric method, Blood, 83, 1268, 10.1182\u002Fblood.V83.5.1268.1268",{"doi":1945},"10.1182\u002Fblood.V83.5.1268.1268",{"id":19,"text":1947,"url":19,"identifiers":1948},"Catchpoole DR, 1993, Etoposide‐induced cytotoxicity in two human T‐cell leukemic lines: Delayed loss of membrane permeability rather than DNA fragmentation as an indicator of programmed cell death, Cancer Res, 53, 4287",{},{"id":19,"text":445,"url":19,"identifiers":1950},{"doi":445},{"id":19,"text":1952,"url":19,"identifiers":1953},"10.1042\u002Fbj2860331",{"doi":1952},{"id":19,"text":1955,"url":19,"identifiers":1956},"Cohen GM, 1993, Identification of a transitional preapoptotic population of thymocytes, J. 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