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(2015). The evolution of Darwinian liberalism. Journal of Bioeconomics, 17, 3–15.\nAxelrod, R. (1984). The evolution of cooperation. New York: Basic Books.\nBoehm, C. (2012). Moral origins: The evolution of virtue, altruism, and shame. New York: Basic Books.\nHenrich, J., Ensminger, J., McElreath, R., Barr, A., Barrett, C., Bolyanatz, A., & Cardenas, J. (2014). Major empirical results: markets, religion, community size, and the evolution of fairness and punishment. In J. Ensminger & J. Henrich (Eds.), Experimenting with social norms: fairness and punishment in cross-cultural perspective (pp. 89–148). New York: Russell Sage Foundation, New York.\nHoffman, M. (2014). The punisher’s brain: the evolution of judge and jury. New York: Cambridge University Press.\nMarshall, P. (2010). Demanding the impossible: a history of anarchism. Oakland: PM Press.\nStringham, E. (2015). Private governance: creating order in economic and social life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.\nStringham, E., & Zywicki, T. (2011). Hayekian anarchism. J Eco Behav Org, 78(3), 290–301.",{"EN":117},"I read E. P. Stringham’s book on private governance against the background of Morris Hoffman’s account of the evolution of legal punishment. This allows us to see how the evolution of private governance moves through three levels of punishment: the first-party punishment of conscience and guilt, the second-party punishment of retaliation and revenge, and the third-party punishment of retribution. This suggests that neither pure anarchism nor pure statism is possible, because every social order shows some form of governance, and no authoritarian state can ever hold an absolute monopoly on governance to the exclusion of private governance. One can also see that liberal states leave lots of room for private governance, which allows for adaptive flexibility in solving public problems in ways that promote peace and prosperity.",{"EN":119},"The evolution of private governance: Neither anarchism nor Statism",{"VOID":121},"10.1007\u002Fs11138-017-0386-z","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","Auto 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Daniel B., Knowledge and coordination: A liberal interpretation",{"VOID":198},"10.1007\u002Fs11138-013-0247-3",[200],"EN","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs11138-013-0247-3",[203],{"id":204,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":205,"affiliations":206,"properties":221},"c19c189f-4e0d-468a-9b02-eda1da545cd9",[],[207],{"id":208,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":209,"properties":218},"74024831-bf5c-4036-8734-9d05d4dbe0ff",{"id":210,"createTime":211,"updateTime":212,"relativeEntities":213,"slug":214,"properties":215,"entityType":41,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"2191591e-8614-47b2-b24a-8a23198bd108","2023-12-08T02:24:27.104+00:00","2025-02-24T02:42:46.464+00:00",[],"Northwestern-University-Evanston-United-States",{"title":216},{"VI":217},"Northwestern University, Evanston, United States",{"title":219},{"VI":220},"Northwestern University, Evanston, USA",{"openalex":222,"orcid":224,"title":226},{"VOID":223},"A5031312515",{"VOID":225},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-6854-2653",{"EN":227},"Lynne Kiesling",{"url":20,"publisher":229,"properties":257},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":230,"slug":10,"properties":231,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":235,"manageAffiliations":236,"indexDatabases":237,"url":92,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":252,"gsStatistic":20,"type":102,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":232,"eissn":233,"title":234},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[238,245],{"id":74,"indexDatabase":239,"url":87,"indexYears":88,"academicFieldIds":244,"indexDatabaseRanking":91},{"id":76,"createTime":77,"updateTime":78,"relativeEntities":240,"label":241,"description":242,"key":84,"publicationTags":243,"standard":20},[],{"EN":81,"VI":81},{"EN":81,"VI":83},[86],[90],{"id":55,"indexDatabase":246,"url":70,"indexYears":20,"academicFieldIds":251,"indexDatabaseRanking":20},{"id":57,"createTime":58,"updateTime":59,"relativeEntities":247,"label":248,"description":249,"key":66,"publicationTags":250,"standard":20},[],{"EN":62,"VI":62},{"VI":64,"EN":65},[68,69],[72],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":253,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":95,"totalPublicationByYear":254,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":255,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":256,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"1990":97,"1996":97,"1999":98,"2000":97,"2001":99,"2002":97,"2003":97,"2006":97,"2007":97,"2009":97,"2011":97,"2017":97,"2018":97,"2020":97},{},{},{"volume":258,"pages":260,"issue":262},{"VOID":259},"28",{"VOID":261},"213-216",{"VOID":263},"2",{"total":21,"publishYear":20,"statisticByYear":265},{},"2015-06-01",2015,[269,273,276],{"id":20,"text":270,"url":20,"identifiers":271},"Klein, D. (2006). Rinkonomics: a window on spontaneous order. Economic Affairs, 26(4), 64–67.",{"doi":272},"10.1111\u002Fj.1468-0270.2006.00672.x",{"id":20,"text":274,"url":20,"identifiers":275},"Klein, D., & Briggeman, J. (2010). Israel Kirzner on coordination and discovery. Journal of Private Enterprise, 25(2), 1–53.",{},{"id":20,"text":277,"url":20,"identifiers":278},"Smith, A. (1759 [1976]). The theory of moral sentiments. Indianapolis: Liberty Press.",{"doi":279},"10.1093\u002Foseo\u002Finstance.00042831",{"id":281,"createTime":282,"updateTime":283,"relativeEntities":284,"slug":285,"properties":286,"entityType":122,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":283,"verifyNote":293,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":294,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":295,"publicationType":144,"publisherRelationship":303,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":337,"publishYear":338,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":181},"830e9c1e-5765-4dbf-8259-e39ff4c6b43d","2024-02-07T15:35:35.768+00:00","2024-10-08T23:45:51.973+00:00",[],"Calculation-and-the-question-of-arithmetic",{"references":287,"title":289,"doi":291},{"VOID":288},"Leland Yeager, “Mises and Hayek on Calculation and Knowledge,”Review of Austrian Economics 7, no. 2 (1994): 93–109. Also, Israel Kirzner asserts that the Mises and Hayek contributions to the calculation debate, “are simply ways of expounding the same basic, Austrian insight, viz., that only market processes are able to harness thediscovery potential of entrepreneurial competition.” Italics in the original, see Israel Kirzner, “Book Review ofHayek, Coordination and Evolution,”Southern Economic Journal 61, no. 4 (April 1995): 1244. If Kirzner is correct, it would seem that Mises and Hayek were both Kirznerians and the entire calculation debate was a debate about Kirzner's concept of entrepreneurship. On his concept of entrepreneurial discovery, see Israel Kirzner,Competition and Entrepreneurship (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973) andDiscovery and the Capitalist Process (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985).\nYeager, “Mises and Hayek,” p. 94. Italics in the original.\nJoseph Salerno, “Reply to Leland B. Yeager on ‘Mises and Hayek on Calculation and Knowledge’,”Review of Austrian Economics 7, no. 2 (1994): 112.\nIbid. Italics in the original.\nMises discusses each of these points inHuman Action: A Treatise on Economics (Chicago: Henry Regnery, [1949] 1966).\nI am not asserting that Salerno fails to understand or appreciate the arithmetic facet of Mises's concept of calculation. He mentions it twice in his “Reply to Yeager,” (pp. 112 and 120) and it is this point that Yeager himself notices in Salerno's work. My contention is only that proper recognition of this facet of Mises's argument also defeats the Yeager position.\nBy the phrase, “impossibility of performing the arithmetic of profit and loss computation,” we do not have in mind what Yeager seems to accuse us of meaning. As Salerno says, “the Misesian demonstration of the logical impossibility of socialism is not predicated on the central planners' incapacity to perform tasks that can conceivably be carried out by individual human minds,” including adding and subtracting. See Salerno, “Reply to Yeager,” p. 112. The arithmetic problem of calculation is not the inability to add common units together, it is the absence of such units. No “advances in supercomputers” can overcome the impossibility of adding together apples and oranges.\nThese two steps correspond to the two conditions Mises claimed were necessary for calculation to take place: voluntary exchange of all goods including factors of higher order and the use in these exchanges of money. The first is necessary to bring higher-order capital goods under the orbit of the entrepreneurial “intellectual division of labor”; the second is necessary because without it, “It would not be possible to reduce all exchange-relationships to a common denominator.” See Ludwig von Mises,Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth (Auburn, Ala.: Ludwig von Mises Institute, [1920] 1990), pp. 17–18.\nLudwig von Mises,Human Action, p. 703.\nAs Mises said, “In an exchange economy the objective exchange value of commodities enters as the unit of economic calculation. This ... renders it possible to base the calculation upon the valuations of all participants in trade. The subjective use value of each is not immediately comparable as a purely subjective phenomenon with the subjective use value of other men. It only becomes so in exchange value, which arises out of the interplay of the subjective valuations of all who take part in exchange.” Mises,Economic Calculation, p. 12.\nIbid., p. 23.\nThe old welfare economics and utility economics were based on the concept of cardinal utility which embodied two arithmetic mistakes: units of subjective value are possible and such units are interpersonally comparable. See Murray N. Rothbard, “Toward a Reconstruction of Utility and Welfare Economics,” inOn Freedom and Free Enterprise, Mary Sennholz, ed. (Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1956), pp. 224–62.\nYeager, “Mises and Hayek,” p. 94.\nMises,Human Action, pp. 695–98.\nMises,Economic Calculation, p. 25.\nMises,Human Action, p. 698.\nMises,Economic Calculation, pp. 23–24.\nIbid., p. 33.\nMises moves to some of these steps, in a different order than that presented here, when addressing a list of suggestions for socialist economic calculation inHuman Action, pp. 703ff.\nMises,Economic Calculation, p. 6.\nMises,Human Action, pp. 707–9.\nMises,Economic Calculation, p. 28.\nOne particular target Mises aimed at was the “market socialism” of Oskar Lange in his, “On the Economic Theory of Socialism,” reprinted inOn the Economic Theory of Socialism, vol. 2, Benjamin Lippincott, ed. (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1938), pp. 57–129. Yeager, in using the debate between Mises and Lange as the text for criticizing the SRH view, reveals the source of his lack of appreciation for the arithmetic facet of Mises's calculation argument. See Yeager, “Mises and Hayek,” pp. 103ff. Mises had no need to mention the arithmetic problem in response to Lange; market socialism overcomes that problem by employing money—the common denominator necessarily absent in a pure socialist system—and money prices. Mises was, thus, required to move to more complex dimensions of his calculation argument and criticize market socialism for its inability to perform entrepreneurial appraisals based on money prices which are not established in market exchanges of private property. Because Rothbard fails to mention the arithmetic facet of calculation but does mention information in discussing the debate between Mises and Lange, Yeager attempts to construe Rothbard as once holding the Yeager position and then shifting to the SRH view. See Yeager, “Mises and Hayek,” p. 106. But Rothbard had no more reason to mention the arithmetic facet of calculation in this context than did Mises. Moreover, neither Mises, nor Salerno, nor Rothbard, nor I claim that the central planners do not face an information problem. The SRH claim is that Mises's calculation argument has more to it than the information problem. Yeager's claim that it does not is not proven by noting that Mises and SRH recognize information as a problem.\nIbid., p. 709. Italics in the original.\nMises,Economic Calculation, pp. 25–26.\nSalerno, “Reply to Yeager,” pp. 120–23.\nMises,Human Action, pp. 710–11.\nIbid., p. 711.\nIbid., pp. 712–13.\nIbid., pp. 713–14.\nYeager, “Mises and Hayek,” p. 101. Italics in the original. Also, see his other statements on Mises's concessions, pp. 97–98.\nMises explicitly made these assumptions in the development of his calculation argument. In addition to the statements already quoted, see Mises,Human Action, p. 696.\nIbid., p. 199.",{"EN":290},"Calculation and the question of arithmetic",{"VOID":292},"10.1007\u002FBF01101889","Author affiliation is blank","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF01101889",[296],{"id":297,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":298,"affiliations":299,"properties":300},"d8093ce1-4095-4aa9-82f2-aedb1cc08c9f",[130],[],{"title":301},{"VI":302},"Jeffrey M. 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(Eds.) (2001) Hayek as a Political Economist: Economic Analysis and Values. London and New York: Routledge.\nBoettke, P. J. (2002) “Information and Knowledge: Austrian Economics in Search of its Uniqueness.” The Review of Austrian Economics, 15(4).\nDufourt, D. and Garrouste, P. (1993) “Criteria of Scientificity and Methodology of the Social Sciences: Menger, Mises and Hayek.” In: Hébert, R. F. (Ed.) Perspectives on the History of Economic Thought, vol. IX. Hants: Edward Elgar.\nGarrouste, P. (1994) “Carl Menger et Léon Walras à propos de l'utilisation de mathématiques en économie politique.” Economie et Société, 20–21.\nGeorgescu-Roegen, N. (1971) The Entropy Law and the Economic Process. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.\nHayek, F. A. (1937) “Economics and Knowledge.” Economica, 4: 13.\nKirman, A. (1999) “Quelques réflexions à propos du point de vue des ´economistes sur le rôle de la structure organisationnelle dans l'économie.” Revue d'Economie Industrielle, 88(2): 91–110.\nLachmann, L. M. (1986) The Market as an Economic Process. New York: Basil Blackwell.\nMises, L. von [1978 (1962)] The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science. Kansas City: Sheed Andrews and McMeel Inc.\nO'Driscoll, G. P. Jr. and Rizzo, M. J. (1985) The Economics of Time and Ignorance. London: Routledge.",{"EN":344},{"VOID":350},"10.1023\u002FA:1024561305816","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1024561305816",[353],{"id":354,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":355,"affiliations":356,"properties":357},"649b2459-7ab9-4531-b8e0-588eeac42a7f",[130],[],{"title":358},{"VI":359},"Pierre Garrouste",{"url":351,"publisher":361,"properties":389},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":362,"slug":10,"properties":363,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":367,"manageAffiliations":368,"indexDatabases":369,"url":92,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":384,"gsStatistic":20,"type":102,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":364,"eissn":365,"title":366},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[370,377],{"id":74,"indexDatabase":371,"url":87,"indexYears":88,"academicFieldIds":376,"indexDatabaseRanking":91},{"id":76,"createTime":77,"updateTime":78,"relativeEntities":372,"label":373,"description":374,"key":84,"publicationTags":375,"standard":20},[],{"EN":81,"VI":81},{"EN":81,"VI":83},[86],[90],{"id":55,"indexDatabase":378,"url":70,"indexYears":20,"academicFieldIds":383,"indexDatabaseRanking":20},{"id":57,"createTime":58,"updateTime":59,"relativeEntities":379,"label":380,"description":381,"key":66,"publicationTags":382,"standard":20},[],{"EN":62,"VI":62},{"VI":64,"EN":65},[68,69],[72],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":385,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":95,"totalPublicationByYear":386,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":387,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":388,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"1990":97,"1996":97,"1999":98,"2000":97,"2001":99,"2002":97,"2003":97,"2006":97,"2007":97,"2009":97,"2011":97,"2017":97,"2018":97,"2020":97},{},{},{"volume":390,"pages":392},{"VOID":391},"16",{"VOID":393},"127-131","2003-09-01",2003,{"id":397,"createTime":398,"updateTime":398,"relativeEntities":399,"slug":20,"properties":400,"entityType":122,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":409,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":410,"publicationType":144,"publisherRelationship":426,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":460,"publishYear":461,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":181},"4d9973c4-29c1-442d-bba1-6264b1f078c0","2024-02-11T23:43:54.231+00:00",[],{"references":401,"abstract":403,"title":405,"doi":407},{"VOID":402},"Arthur, W. B. (1983) “On Competing Technologies and Historical Small Events: The Dynamics of Choice Under Increasing Returns.” Technological Innovation Program Workshop Paper, Department of Economics, Stanford University, November.\nArthur, W. B. (1989) “Competing Technologies, Increasing Returns, and Lock-in by Historical Events.” Economic Journal, 99: 116–131.\nBoettke, P. J. (1996) “What is Wrong With Neoclassical Economics (and What is Still Wrong With Austrian Economics)?” In: Foldvary, F. E. (ed.) Beyond Neoclassical Economics Aldershot: Edward Elgar.\nCoase, R. H. (1960) “The Problem of Social Cost.” Journal of Law and Economics, 3: 1–44.\nDahlman, C. (1979) “The Problem of Externality.” Journal of Law and Economics, 17: 357–376.\nDavid, P. A. (1985) “Clio and the Economics of QWERTY.” American Economic Review, 75: 332–337.\nDavid, P. A. (1986) “Understanding the Economics of QWERTY: The Necessity of History.” In: Parker, W. N. (ed.) Economic History and the Modern Economist. New York: Basil Blackwell.\nDavid, P. A. (1997a) “Path Dependence and the Quest for Historical Economics: One More Chorus of the Ballad of QWERTY.” University of Oxford, Discussion Papers in Economic and Social History, November 20, 1997, http:\u002F\u002Fwww.nuff.ox.ac.uk\u002Feconomics\u002Fhistory\u002Fpaper20\u002Fdavid3.pdf.\nDavid, P. A. (1997b) “Path Dependence, Its Critics, and the Quest for ‘Historical Economics’: Keynote Address to the European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy.” Athens Meetings, 7–9 November 1997.\nDavid, P. A. (1999a) “Myth'-Informing The Public About Public Goods and QWERTY.” http:\u002F\u002Fwww.eh.net\u002Fehnet\u002FArchives\u002Feh.res\u002Fapr-1999\u002F0006.html.\nDavid, P. A. (1999b) “At last, a Remedy for Chronic QWERTY-skepticism!” Prepared for Presentation at the European Summer School in Industrial Dynamics (ESSID), held at l'Institute d'Etudes Scientifique de Cargese (Corse), France, 5th–12th September 1999, http:\u002F\u002Fwww.eh.net\u002FPublications\u002Fremedy.shtml.\nFarrell, J., and Saloner, G. (1992) “Converters, Compatibility and Control of Interfaces.” The Journal of Industrial Economics. XL: 9–36.\nGilbert, R. J. (1992) “Symposium on Compatibility: Incentives and Market Structure.” The Journal of Industrial Economics, XL: 1–8.\nHayek, F. A. (1978) “Competition as a Discovery Procedure.” In: New Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics and the History of Ideas. London: Routledge.\nHayek, F. A. (1988) The Fatal Conceit: The Errors of Socialism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.\nKatz, M. L., and Shapiro, C. (1983) “Network Externalities, Competition and Compatibility.” Woodrow Wilson School Discussion Paper in Economics No. 54, Princeton University, September.\nKatz, M. L., and Shapiro, C. (1992) “Product Introduction with Network Externalities.” The Journal of Industrial Economics, XL: 55–84.\nLewin, P. (1997) “Hayekian Equilibrium and Change.” Journal of Economic Methodology, 4: 245–266.\nLewin, P. (1999) Capital in Disequilibrium: The Role of Capital in a Changing World. New York and London: Routledge.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1990) “The Fable of the Keys.” Journal of Law and Economics, 33: 1–25.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1994) “Network Externality: An Uncommon Tragedy.” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8: 133–150.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1995a) “Are Network Externalities a New Source of Market Failure?” Research in Law and Economics, 17: 1–22.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1995b) “Path Dependence, Lock-in, and History.” Journal of Law Economics and Organization, 11: 205–226.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1996) “Should Technology Choice be a Concern for Antitrust?” Harvard Journal of Law and Technology, 9: 283–318.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1998a) “Path Dependence.” Entry in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and Law, Newman, Peter (ed.) London: Macmillan, 17–23.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1998b) “Network Externalities (Effects).” Entry in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and Law, Newman, Peter (ed.) London: Macmillan, 671–675.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1998c) “Dismal Science Fictions: Network-effects, Microsoft, and Antitrust Speculation.” Washington D.C., Cato Institute, Policy Analysis #324.\nLiebowitz, S. J., and Margolis, S. E. (1999) Winners, Losers & Microsoft: Competition and Antitrust in High Technology. Oakland: The Independent Institute.\nMcCloskey, D. N. (1999) http:\u002F\u002Fwww.eh.net\u002Fehnet\u002FArchives\u002Feh.res\u002Fapr-1999\u002F0005.html.\nMachovec, F. M. (1995) Perfect Competition and the Transformation of Economics. London and New York: Routledge.\nMishan, E. J. (1975) “The Folklore of the Market.” Journal of Economic Issues, 9: 690–720.\nNorth, D. C. (1990) Institutions, Institutional Change and Economics Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\nPuffert, D. J. (1999) “Path Dependence in Economic History.” www.vwl.uni-muenchen.de\u002Fls komlos\u002Fpathe.pdf.\nTeece, D. J., and Coleman, M. (1998) “The Meaning of Monopoly: Antitrust Analysis in High-Technology Industries.” The Antitrust Bulletin. Fall–Winter: 801–857.\nYamada, H. (1980) “A Historical Study of Typewriters and Typing Methods from the Position of Planning Japanese Parallels.” Journal of Information Processing, 2: 175–202.\nYamada, H. (1983) “Certain Problems Associated with the Design of Input Keyboards for Japanese Writing.” In: Cooper, W. E. (ed.) Cognitive Aspects of Skilled Typewriting. New York: Springer.",{"EN":404},"Since its publication in 1985 Paul David's “Economics of QWERTY” has provided a paradigm case for the understanding and application of path-dependent processes in economics, some of which have been identified as yielding sub-optimal outcomes. The accuracy and relevance of this case, and this entire theoretical approach, has been subjected to critical scrutiny by Stan Liebowitz and Stephen Margolis in a series of articles and in a recent book. In this article I provide a wide ranging, and largely appreciative, review of the book and highlight, in some detail, the fundamental disagreements with which it deals.",{"EN":406},"The Market Process and the Economics of QWERTY: Two Views",{"VOID":408},"10.1023\u002FA:1007811722566","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1007811722566",[411],{"id":412,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":413,"affiliations":414,"properties":423},"a74e2c16-175a-488f-a4b9-afb1e2385406",[130],[415],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":416,"properties":20},{"id":417,"createTime":418,"updateTime":418,"relativeEntities":419,"slug":20,"properties":420,"entityType":41,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"1f5f0f78-1c82-4c99-a697-0eff58a4adbf","2024-02-05T12:21:23.250+00:00",[],{"title":421},{"VI":422},"School of Management, University of Texas at Dallas, 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Originally published by John Day Company, 1939, new edition with introduction by the author, third printing, New York, Transaction Publishers.",{},{"id":20,"text":585,"url":20,"identifiers":586},"Durbin, E. F. M. (1945). Professor Hayek on Economic Planning and Liberty. The Economic Journal, 55(220), 357–370.",{"doi":587},"10.2307\u002F2226019",{"id":20,"text":589,"url":20,"identifiers":590},"Ebenstein, A. (2001). Friedrich Hayek: A Biography. New York: Palgrave.",{},{"id":20,"text":592,"url":20,"identifiers":593},"Ferguson, A. (1767). An Essay on the History of Civil Society. Dublin: Boulter Grierson.",{},{"id":20,"text":595,"url":20,"identifiers":596},"Fraser, A. (1973). Cromwell: The Lord Protector. New York: Grove.",{},{"id":20,"text":598,"url":20,"identifiers":599},"Gardiner, S. R. (2005 [1905]). 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Economic Inquiry, 14, 313–346.\nYeager, L. B., & Burmeister, E. (1978). Continuity and capital-reversal: Reply. Economic Inquiry, 16, 147–149.",{"VI":794,"EN":795},"Trong khi các nhà kinh tế học Áo và các mô hình của họ chỉ tham gia gián tiếp vào những tranh cãi về lý thuyết vốn tại Cambridge đã đến đỉnh điểm một cách ấn tượng vào năm 1966, một số ý tưởng được lập luận bởi phía Cambridge, Vương quốc Anh đã được dự báo trong một số tác phẩm của các nhà kinh tế học Áo, đặc biệt là F.A. Hayek trong tác phẩm của ông năm 1941, Lý thuyết Vốn Tinh Khiết, mà ông viết phần lớn là kết quả của những cuộc tranh luận trước đó với cả Sraffa và Keynes. Bài viết này kể lại nguồn gốc của những tranh cãi về lý thuyết vốn xuất phát từ thế kỷ XIX, các lập luận giữa Keynes, Sraffa và Hayek, phân tích của Hayek mà làm suy yếu những quan điểm truyền thống của trường phái Áo về vốn, những cuộc tranh cãi ở Cambridge tự thân, và sau đó là cách các nhóm khác nhau đã theo dõi sau đó, bao gồm những nhà kinh tế học tân cổ điển, tân Ricardo và các nhà kinh tế học hậu Keynes, cùng với nhiều nhóm nhà kinh tế học Áo, những người cũng chậm nhận ra những hệ quả đầy đủ của công trình của Hayek và mối quan hệ của nó với những tranh cãi về lý thuyết vốn ở Cambridge. Một điểm cuối cùng là giữa cả những người theo Sraffa và Joan Robinson cũng như những người theo Hayek nhiều hơn, một số người đã nhìn thấy các vấn đề dẫn đến những cách tiếp cận phức tạp hơn về lý thuyết vốn và động lực kinh tế.","While Austrian economists and their models were only indirectly involved in the Cambridge capital theory controversies that came to a dramatic head in 1966, certain ideas argued for by the Cambridge, UK side were prefigured in some work by Austrian economists, especially F.A. Hayek in his 1941, The Pure Theory of Capital, which he wote largely as a result of earlier debates with both Sraffa and Keynes. This paper recounts the roots of the capital theory debates coming out of the nineteenth century, the arguments among Keynes, Sraffa, and Hayek, Hayek’s analysis that undermined traditional Austrian views of capital, the Cambridge controversies themselves, and then how various groups followed up in the aftermath, including neoclassicals, neo-Ricardians and Post Keynesians, and various groups of Austrians, who were themselves slow to recognize the full implications of Hayek’s work and its relation to the Cambridge capital theory controversies. A final point is that among both those following Sraffa and Joan Robinson more as well as those following Hayek more, some have seen the issues leading to broader complexity approaches to capital theory and economic dynamics.",{"VI":797,"EN":798},"Các chủ đề của trường phái Áo và những tranh cãi về lý thuyết vốn ở Cambridge","Austrian themes and the Cambridge capital theory controversies",{"VOID":800},"10.1007\u002Fs11138-018-0431-6",{"VI":802},"Austrian Economics, Cambridge Capital Theory, Hayek, Sraffa, Keynes, Economic Dynamics","2025-01-23T08:27:31.373+00:00",[805],"VI","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs11138-018-0431-6",[808],{"id":809,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":810,"affiliations":811,"properties":826},"a22dcf0d-d995-4ded-a554-c73a4f2e1987",[130],[812],{"id":813,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":814,"properties":823},"091058bd-4a12-4236-acba-fad8c010080a",{"id":815,"createTime":816,"updateTime":817,"relativeEntities":818,"slug":819,"properties":820,"entityType":41,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"efdc6af2-d93a-464e-8849-a1b771904073","2024-08-31T14:28:37.018+00:00","2024-12-05T16:26:12.439+00:00",[],"James-Madison-University-Harrisonburg-United-States",{"title":821},{"EN":822},"James Madison University, Harrisonburg, United States",{"title":824},{"VI":825},"James Madison University, Harrisonburg, USA",{"title":827},{"VI":828},"J. Barkley Rosser",{"url":806,"publisher":830,"properties":858},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":831,"slug":10,"properties":832,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":836,"manageAffiliations":837,"indexDatabases":838,"url":92,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":853,"gsStatistic":20,"type":102,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":833,"eissn":834,"title":835},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[839,846],{"id":74,"indexDatabase":840,"url":87,"indexYears":88,"academicFieldIds":845,"indexDatabaseRanking":91},{"id":76,"createTime":77,"updateTime":78,"relativeEntities":841,"label":842,"description":843,"key":84,"publicationTags":844,"standard":20},[],{"EN":81,"VI":81},{"EN":81,"VI":83},[86],[90],{"id":55,"indexDatabase":847,"url":70,"indexYears":20,"academicFieldIds":852,"indexDatabaseRanking":20},{"id":57,"createTime":58,"updateTime":59,"relativeEntities":848,"label":849,"description":850,"key":66,"publicationTags":851,"standard":20},[],{"EN":62,"VI":62},{"VI":64,"EN":65},[68,69],[72],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":854,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":95,"totalPublicationByYear":855,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":856,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":857,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"1990":97,"1996":97,"1999":98,"2000":97,"2001":99,"2002":97,"2003":97,"2006":97,"2007":97,"2009":97,"2011":97,"2017":97,"2018":97,"2020":97},{},{},{"volume":859,"pages":861},{"VOID":860},"33",{"VOID":862},"415-431","2018-11-09",2018,{"id":866,"createTime":867,"updateTime":867,"relativeEntities":868,"slug":20,"properties":869,"entityType":122,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":97,"primaryUrl":876,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":877,"publicationType":144,"publisherRelationship":893,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":927,"publishYear":928,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":181},"c1e49abb-b761-49e9-bf03-a2b8ca7c0365","2024-02-06T23:38:09.903+00:00",[],{"references":870,"title":872,"doi":874},{"VOID":871},"Barry, Norman P.On Classical Liberalism and Libertarianism. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1987.\nButler, Eamonn.Ludwig von Mises: Fountainhead of the Modern Microeconomics Revolution. Brookfield, Vt.: Gower Publishing, 1988.\nKirzner, Israel M. “The Economic Calculation Debate: Lessons for Austrians.”The Review of Austrian Economics 2 (1988): 1–18.\nLavoie, Don.Rivalry and Central Planning: The Socialist Calculation Debate Reconsidered. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985.\nMises, Ludwig von.Omnipotent Government: The Rise of the Total State and Total War. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1944.\n—.Human Action: A Treatise on Economics. 3rd ed. Chicago: Henry Regnery, 1966.\n—.Socialism: An Economic and Sociological Analysis. Trans. J. Kahane. 2nd ed. London: Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1969.\n—.Liberalism: A Socio-Economic Exposition. Trans. Ralph Raico. 2nd ed. Kansas City, Kans.: Sheed Andrews and McMeel, 1978a.\n—.The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science: An Essay on Method. 2nd ed. Kansas City, Kans.: Sheed Andrews and McMeel, 1978b.\n—.Theory and History: An Interpretation of Social and Economic Evolution. Auburn University, Ala.: The Ludwig von Mises Institute, 1985.",{"EN":873},"Ludwig von Mises as social rationalist",{"VOID":875},"10.1007\u002FBF02426363","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02426363",[878],{"id":879,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":880,"affiliations":881,"properties":890},"af472c53-37cf-403b-a704-feb078fc1bd5",[130],[882],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":883,"properties":20},{"id":884,"createTime":885,"updateTime":885,"relativeEntities":886,"slug":20,"properties":887,"entityType":41,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"ef07fb32-3538-44ed-87f3-397c9a97f31c","2024-01-27T03:03:35.552+00:00",[],{"title":888},{"VI":889},"Pace University in New York City, USA",{"title":891},{"VI":892},"Joseph T. 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Barro, ed.Modern Business Cycle Theory. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Pp. 178–235.\nBuchanan, James M. 1958.Public Principles of Public Debt. Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin.\nBuchanan, James M., and Jennifer Roback. 1987. “The Incidence and Effects of Public Debt in the Absence of Fiscal Illusion.”Public Finance Quarterly 15 (January): 5–25.\nBuchanan, James M., and Richard W. Wagner. 1977.Democracy in Deficit. New York: Academic Press.\nCukierman, Alex, and Allan H. Meltzer. 1989. “A Political Theory of Government Debt and Deficits in a Neo-Ricardian Framework.”American Economic Review 79: 713–32.\nde Jasay, Anthony. 1985.The State. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.\nde Viti de Marco, Antonio. 1936.First Principles of Public Finance. New York: Harcourt Brace.\nEaton, Jonathan, and Mark Gersovitz. 1981. “Debt with Potential Repudiation: Theoretical and Empirical Analysis.”Review of Economic Studies 48: 289–309.\nFerguson, James M., ed. 1964.Public Debt and Future Generations. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1964.\nGrossman, Herschel I., and John B. Van Huyck. 1988. “Sovereign Debt as a Contingent Claim: Excusable Default, Repudiation, and Reputation.”American Economic Review 78: 1088–97.\nLerner, Abba P. 1948. “The Burden of the National Debt.” In Lloyd A. Metzler, ed.Income, Employment, and Public Policy. New York: W. W. Norton. Pp. 255–75.\nMises, Ludwig von. 1966.Human Action. 3rd rev. ed. Chicago: Henry Regnery.\nRothbard, Murray N. 1962.Man, Economy, and State. Los Angeles: Nash.\nSpaventa, Luigi. 1988. “Introduction: Is There a Public Debt Problem in Italy?” In Francesco Giavazzi and Luigi Spaventa, eds.,High Public Debt: The Italian Experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 1–24.\nSteadman, Charles W. 1993.The National Debt Conclusion. Westport, Conn.: Praeger.\nTullock, Gordon. 1987.Autocracy. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff.\nVaughn, Karen I., and Richard E. Wagner. 1992. “Public Debt Controversies: An Essay in Reconciliation.”Kyklos 45 (1): 37–49.\nWagner, Richard E. 1986. “Liability Rules, Fiscal Institutions, and Public Debt.” In J. M. Buchanan, C. K. Rowley, and R. D. Tollison, eds.Deficits. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Pp. 199–217.\n—— 1988. “The Calculus of Consent: A Wicksellian Retrospective.”Public Choice 56 (February): 153–66.",{"EN":1002},"Who owes what, and to whom? Public debt, Ricardian equivalence, and governmental form",{"VOID":1004},"10.1007\u002FBF01103333","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF01103333",[1007],{"id":1008,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":1009,"affiliations":1010,"properties":1025},"183a56c4-e50b-43bc-ab29-bdb4f295ea62",[130],[1011],{"id":1012,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1013,"properties":1022},"9f6224c8-01f6-4824-85b1-2c10105846f9",{"id":1014,"createTime":1015,"updateTime":1016,"relativeEntities":1017,"slug":1018,"properties":1019,"entityType":41,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"18434e61-8f4b-4f57-aefc-f183d8159add","2023-12-19T06:11:06.395+00:00","2025-01-05T13:58:08.016+00:00",[],"George-Mason-University-United-States",{"title":1020},{"VI":1021},"George Mason University, United States",{"title":1023},{"EN":1024},"George Mason University, USA",{"title":1026},{"VI":1027},"Richard E. 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