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Some clues to techniques that would optimise their activities through organic matter management are suggested. Soil macroinvertebrates can consume almost any kind of organic residues in mutualistic association with soil microflora. Significant amounts estimated at several T per ha of predominantly easily assimilable C are used yearly in natural ecosystems as energy to sustain these activities. Sources of C used are highly variable depending on the feeding regime. The largest part of the energy assimilated (e.g., 50% by the tropical earthworm Millsonia anomala) is actually spent in burrowing and soil transport and mixing. Bioturbation often affects several thousand tons of soil per hectare per year and several tenth of m3 of voids are created in soil. A great diversity of biogenic structures accumulate and their nature and persistance over time largely controls hydraulic soil properties. The OM integrated into the compact biogenic structures (termite mounds, earthworm globular casts) is often protected from further decomposition. Most management practices have negative effects on the diversity and abundance of macroinvertebrate communities. Structures inherited from faunal activities may persist for some weeks to years and the relationship between their disappearance and soil degradation is rarely acknowledged. When SOM supply is maintained but diversity is not, the accumulation in excess of structures of one single category may have destructive effects on soil. It is therefore essential to design practices that provide the adequate organic sources to sustain the activity and diversity of invertebrates. Special attention should also be paid to the spatial array of plots and rotations in time.",{"EN":220},"SOM management in the tropics: Why feeding the soil macrofauna?",{"VOID":222},"[\"11220623853526146273\"]",{"VOID":224},"Alegre JC, Pashanasi B & Lavelle P (1996) Dynamics of soil physical properties in a low input agricultural system inoculated with the earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus in the amazon region of Peru. SSSA Journal 60: 1522–1529\nAndrén O, Brussaard L & Clarholm M (1999) Soil organism influence on ecosystem-level processes - by passing the ecological hierarchy? Appl Soil Ecol 11(2-3): 177–188\nBarois I., Lavelle P, Brossard M, Tondoh J, Martinez M, Rossi JP, Senapati BK, Angeles A, Fragoso C, Jimenez JJ, Decaëns T, Lattaud C, Kanyonyo J, Blanchart E, Chapuis L, Brown GG & Moreno A. (1999) Ecology of earthworm species with large environmental tolerance and\u002For extended distribution. 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Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp 211–228",{},{"id":18,"text":661,"url":18,"identifiers":662},"Moreira JN, Lira MA, Santos MVF, Ferreira MA, Araújo GGL, Ferreira RLC, Silva GC (2006) Caracterização da vegetação de Caatinga e da dieta de novilhos no Sertão de Pernambuco. Pesqui Agropecu Bras 41:1643–1651. doi: 10.1590\u002FS0100-204X2006001100011",{"doi":663},"10.1590\u002FS0100-204X2006001100011",{"id":18,"text":665,"url":18,"identifiers":666},"Naab JB, Chimphango SMB, Dakora FD (2009) N-2 fixation in cowpea plants grown in farmers’ fields in the Upper West Region of Ghana, measured using N-15 natural abundance. Symbiosis 48:37–46. doi: 10.1007\u002FBF03179983",{"doi":667},"10.1007\u002FBF03179983",{"id":18,"text":669,"url":18,"identifiers":670},"Ndiaye M, Ganry F (1997) Variation in the biological N2 fixation by tree legumes in three ecological zones from the North to the south of Senegal. Arid Soil Res Rehab 11:245–254. doi: 10.1080\u002F15324989709381476",{"doi":671},"10.1080\u002F15324989709381476",{"id":18,"text":673,"url":18,"identifiers":674},"Nguluu SN, Probert ME, Mccown RL, Myers RJK, Waring SA (2001) Isotopic discrimination associated with symbiotic nitrogen fixation in stylo (Stylosanthes hamata L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 62:10–13. doi: 10.1023\u002FA:1015440906428",{},{"id":18,"text":676,"url":18,"identifiers":677},"Nyemba RC, Dakora FD (2010) Evaluating N2 fixation by food grain legumes in farmers’ fields in three agro-ecological zones of Zambia, using 15N natural abundance. Biol Fertil Soils 46:461–470. doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00374-010-0451-2",{"doi":678},"10.1007\u002Fs00374-010-0451-2",{"id":18,"text":680,"url":18,"identifiers":681},"Oberson A, Nanzer S, Bosshard C, Dubois D, Mäder EP, Frossard E (2007) Symbiotic N2 fixation by soybean in organic and conventional cropping systems estimated by 15N dilution and 15N natural abundance. Plant Soil 290:69–83. doi: 10.1007\u002Fs11104-006-9122-3",{"doi":682},"10.1007\u002Fs11104-006-9122-3",{"id":18,"text":684,"url":18,"identifiers":685},"Ojiem JO, Vanlauwe B, Ridder N, Giller KE (2007) Niche-based assessment of contributions of legumes to the nitrogen economy of Western Kenya smallholder farms. Plant Soil 292:119–135. doi: 10.1007\u002Fs11104-007-9207-7",{"doi":686},"10.1007\u002Fs11104-007-9207-7",{"id":18,"text":688,"url":18,"identifiers":689},"Onyeonagu CC, Asiegbu JE (2011) Preliminary study of the contribution of native legumes to the nitrogen economy of natural grasslands. 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Commun Soil Sci Plant 19:1467–1476",{"doi":758},"10.1080\u002F00103628809368027",{"id":760,"createTime":761,"updateTime":762,"relativeEntities":763,"slug":764,"properties":765,"entityType":227,"verifyStatus":228,"verifyTime":776,"verifyNote":230,"languages":777,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":778,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":779,"publicationType":335,"publisherRelationship":855,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":901,"publishDate":903,"publishYear":388,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":762,"indexDatabases":904,"openAccess":18,"references":905,"isForceReanalyzing":394},"a0a52efe-2d84-48c8-80c8-33d13e0b7db3","2024-04-12T00:16:25.276+00:00","2026-07-27T16:55:24.973+00:00",[],"Nitrification-and-denitrification-derived-N2O-production-from-a-grassland-soil-under-application-of-DCD-and-Actilith-F2",{"abstract":766,"title":768,"gsPaper":770,"keywords":772,"doi":774},{"EN":767},"The relative contribution of nitrification and denitrification to N2O production was investigated by means of soil incubations with acetylene in a mixed clover\u002Fryegrass sown sward 5 days after application of a mineral fertiliser (calcium ammonium nitrate) or an organic one (cattle slurry) with and without the addition of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) and the commercial slurry additive Actilith-F2. At this time, maximum field N2O emissions were taking place. N2O production by the slurry amended soil was twice as high as that of the mineral amended one. N2O came in a greater proportion from nitrification rather than from denitrification in the slurry treatment, while for the mineral fertilisation most N2O came from denitrification. The addition of DCD to slurry produced a decrease in N2O production both from nitrification and denitrification. No reduction in N2O losses was observed from addition of DCD to the mineral fertilisation, although DCD resulted effective in reducing the nitrification rate by 53% both in the slurry and the mineral fertilisation. Actilith F2 induced a high nitrification rate and N2O production from denitrification was reduced while that from nitrification was not.",{"EN":769},"Nitrification and denitrification derived N2O production from a grassland soil under application of DCD and Actilith F2",{"VOID":771},"[\"3939736745021171584\"]",{"EN":773},"",{"VOID":775},"10.1023\u002FA:1012623515882","2024-05-11T22:36:31.719+00:00",[414],"https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1012623515882",[780,795,810,827,842],{"id":781,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":782,"affiliations":783,"properties":792,"displayName":794,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"95aa0681-fb5b-4147-80b3-9500f01b62e7",[],[784],{"id":785,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":786,"properties":18},"56bec6fc-200c-4640-bb1b-323d50f182f9",{"id":785,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":787,"slug":18,"properties":788,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":791,"statistic":18},[],{"title":789},{"EN":790},"Dpto. Biología Vegetal y Ecología, UPV\u002FEHU, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain (Corresponding author)",[],{"title":793},{"EN":794},"P. Merino",{"id":796,"sortIndex":176,"researcher":18,"roles":797,"affiliations":798,"properties":807,"displayName":809,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"8d954080-5a1d-4aea-9e57-a8f0ac285ce1",[],[799],{"id":800,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":801,"properties":18},"4674fb36-6343-4f74-9eb0-21cea5ae7eca",{"id":800,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":802,"slug":18,"properties":803,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":806,"statistic":18},[],{"title":804},{"EN":805},"Dpto. Biología Vegetal y Ecología, UPV\u002FEHU, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain",[],{"title":808},{"EN":809},"J.M. 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Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J Microbiol Serol 31: 124–136",{"id":18,"text":917,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Carnol, M (1999) Environmental factors controlling NO3 - leaching, N2O emissions and numbers of NH4 - oxidisers in a coniferous forest soil. Soil Biol Biochem 31: 979–990",{"id":18,"text":919,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Christensen, S (1985) Denitrification in an acid soil: Effects of slurry and potasium nitrate on the evolution of nitrous oxide and on nitrate-reducing bacteria. Soil Biol Biochem 17: 757–764",{"id":18,"text":921,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Estavillo, JM, Rodriguez, M, Domingo, M, Muñoz-Rueda, A & Gonzalez-Murua, C (1994). Denitrification losses from a natural grassland in the Basque Country under organic and inorganic fertilization. Plant Soil 162: 19–29",{"id":18,"text":923,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Estavillo, JM, Rodriguez, M & Gonzalez-Murua, C (1996). Nitrogen losses by denitrification and leaching in grassland. The effect of cow slurry application. Fertil Res 43: 197–201",{"id":18,"text":925,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Hart, S, Stark J, Davidson, E & Firestone, M (1994). Nitrogen, mineralization, immobilisation and nitrification. In: Methods of soil Analyses, Part 2: Microbiological and Biochemical Properties Book Series, no. 5, pp 985–1017",{"id":18,"text":927,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Hauck, RD (1980). Mode of action of nitrification inhibitors. In Meisinger JJ et al. (ed) Nitrification inhibitors-Potentials and limitations. ASA Spec Publ 38.ASA and SSSA, Madison, WI",{"id":18,"text":929,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Hutchinson, GL & Davidson, EA (1993). Processes for production and consumption of gaseous nitrogen oxides in soil. In: Agricultural Ecosystem Effects on Trace Gases and Global Climate Change. ASA Special Publication no. 55",{"id":18,"text":931,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Klein, CAM, Van Logtestijn, RSP, Van der Meer, HG & Geurink, JH (1996). Nitrogen losses due to denitrification from cattle slurry injected into grassland soil with and without a nitrification inhibitor. Plant Soil 183: 161–170",{"id":18,"text":933,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Klemedtsson, L, Svensson, BJH & Rosswall, T (1988). A method of selective inhibition to distinguish between nitrification and denitrification as sources of nitrous oxide in soil. Biol Fertil Soils 6: 112–119",{"id":18,"text":935,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Koops, JG, Van Beusichem, ML & Denema, O (1997) Nitrogen loss from grassland on peat soils through nitrous oxide production. Plant Soil 188: 119–130",{"id":18,"text":937,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Kuenen, JG & Robertson, LA (1994). Combined nitrificationdenitrification processes. FEMS Microbiol Rev 15: 109–117",{"id":18,"text":939,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Loro, PJ, Bergstrom, DW & Beauchamp, EG (1997). Intensity and duration of denitrification following application of manure and fertilizer to soil. J Environ Qual 26: 706–713",{"id":18,"text":941,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Neetson, JJ & Van Veen, JA (1987). Mechanistic and practical modelling of nitrogen mineralization-immobilization in soils. In: Wilson J.R. (ed) Advances in Nitrogen Cycling in Agricultural Ecosystems pp 145–155. CAB International, Wallingford, UK",{"id":18,"text":943,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Okereke, GU (1984). Prevalence of nitrous oxide reducing capacity in denitrifiers from a variety of habitats. Plant Soil 81: 421–428",{"id":18,"text":945,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Pain, BF, Thompson, RB, Rees, YJ & Skinner JH (1990). Reducing gaseous losses of nitrogen from cattle slurry applied to grassland by the use of additives. J Sci Food Agric 50: 141–153",{"id":18,"text":947,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Paul, JW & Zebarth, BJ (1997). Denitrification during the growing season following dairy cattle slurry and fertilizer application for silage corn. Can J Soil Sci 77: 241–248",{"id":18,"text":949,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Paul, JW, Etches, V & Zebarth, BJ (1997). Increased denitrification below the root zone in the fall following a spring manure application. Can J Soil Sci 77: 249–251",{"id":18,"text":951,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Recous, S, Mary, B & Faurie, F (1990) Microbial immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in cultivated soils. Soil Biol Biochem 22: 913–922",{"id":18,"text":953,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Reddy, GR (1964). Effects of mixing varying quantities of dicyandiamide with ammonium fertiliser on nitrification of ammonia in soils. Can J Soil Sci 44: 254–259",{"id":18,"text":955,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Rice, CW, Sierzega, PE, Tiedje, JM & Jacobs, LW (1988) Stimulated denitrification in the microenvironment of a biodegradable organic waste injected into soil. Soil Sci Soc Am J 52: 102–108",{"id":18,"text":957,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Rodgers, GA & Asworth, J (1982). Use of nitrification inhibitors to improve recovery of mineralised by winter wheat. J Sci Food Agric 33: 1219–1226",{"id":18,"text":959,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Sorensen, P & Jensen, ES (1995). Mineralization of carbon and nitrogen from fresh and anaerobically stored sheep manure in soils of different texture. Biol Fertil Soils 19: 29–35",{"id":18,"text":961,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Stevens, RJ, Laughlin, RJ, Burns, LC, Arah, JRM & Hood, RC (1997). Measuring the contributions of nitrification and denitri-fication to the flux of nitrous oxide from soil. Soil Biol Biochem 29: 139–151",{"id":18,"text":963,"url":18,"identifiers":18},"Tiedje, JM (1982). Denitrification. Methods of Soil analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties-Agronomy Monograph no. 9: 1011–1026",{"id":965,"createTime":966,"updateTime":967,"relativeEntities":968,"slug":969,"properties":970,"entityType":227,"verifyStatus":228,"verifyTime":980,"verifyNote":230,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":981,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":982,"publicationType":335,"publisherRelationship":1167,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":1218,"publishYear":1219,"citationAnalyzeStatus":560,"lastCitationAnalyze":967,"indexDatabases":1220,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":394},"6e6cdfa9-df33-4c24-815a-7cb01feb97f9","2024-01-15T08:34:59.065+00:00","2026-07-23T12:46:08.881+00:00",[],"Soil-nutrient-maps-of-Sub-Saharan-Africa-assessment-of-soil-nutrient-content-at-250-m-spatial-resolution-using-machine-learning",{"abstract":971,"title":973,"gsPaper":975,"references":976,"doi":978},{"EN":972},"Spatial predictions of soil macro and micro-nutrient content across Sub-Saharan Africa at 250 m spatial resolution and for 0–30 cm depth interval are presented. Predictions were produced for 15 target nutrients: organic carbon (C) and total (organic) nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P), and extractable—phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and boron (B). Model training was performed using soil samples from ca. 59,000 locations (a compilation of soil samples from the AfSIS, EthioSIS, One Acre Fund, VitalSigns and legacy soil data) and an extensive stack of remote sensing covariates in addition to landform, lithologic and land cover maps. An ensemble model was then created for each nutrient from two machine learning algorithms—random forest and gradient boosting, as implemented in R packages ranger and xgboost—and then used to generate predictions in a fully-optimized computing system. Cross-validation revealed that apart from S, P and B, significant models can be produced for most targeted nutrients (R-square between 40–85%). Further comparison with OFRA field trial database shows that soil nutrients are indeed critical for agricultural development, with Mn, Zn, Al, B and Na, appearing as the most important nutrients for predicting crop yield. A limiting factor for mapping nutrients using the existing point data in Africa appears to be (1) the high spatial clustering of sampling locations, and (2) missing more detailed parent material\u002Fgeological maps. Logical steps towards improving prediction accuracies include: further collection of input (training) point samples, further harmonization of measurement methods, addition of more detailed covariates specific to Africa, and implementation of a full spatio-temporal statistical modeling framework.",{"EN":974},"Soil nutrient maps of Sub-Saharan Africa: assessment of soil nutrient content at 250 m spatial resolution using machine learning",{"VOID":409},{"VOID":977},"Aiello S, Kraljevic T, Maj P (2016) with contributions from the H2Oai team (2016) h2o: R Interface for H2O. https:\u002F\u002FCRAN.R-project.org\u002Fpackage=h2o, R package version 3.8.1.3\nAlloway BJ (2008) Micronutrients and crop production: An introduction. In: Micronutrient deficiencies in global crop production, Springer, pp 1–39\nBarber SA (1995) Soil nutrient bioavailability: a mechanistic approach. 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J Stat Softw. doi:10.18637\u002Fjss.v077.i01",{"VOID":979},"10.1007\u002Fs10705-017-9870-x","2024-06-25T08:06:57.168+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10705-017-9870-x",[983,998,1011,1026,1050,1063,1078,1091,1107,1122,1136,1152],{"id":984,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":985,"affiliations":986,"properties":995,"displayName":997,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"4373e929-4916-42d1-8f62-53e61ff755e3",[236],[987],{"id":988,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":989,"properties":18},"7ad3c9be-6fdd-43b2-8510-bf89d6a12d8d",{"id":988,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":990,"slug":18,"properties":991,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":994,"statistic":18},[],{"title":992},{"VI":993},"ISRIC — World Soil Information \u002F Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands",[],{"title":996},{"VI":997},"Tomislav Hengl",{"id":999,"sortIndex":176,"researcher":18,"roles":1000,"affiliations":1001,"properties":1008,"displayName":1010,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"618de6f5-5a61-42d3-92bb-9602df4156c4",[236],[1002],{"id":988,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1003,"properties":18},{"id":988,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1004,"slug":18,"properties":1005,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1007,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1006},{"VI":993},[],{"title":1009},{"VI":1010},"Johan G. 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Phosphorus was applied as single super phosphate. A major portion (71.5%) of Olsen-P was extracted from sand size particles, and only 11.4% and 17.1% was present in silt and clay size separates of the surface soil layer, respectively. Unlike Olsen-P, Al-P and Fe-P in soil were mainly present in the clay fraction of the soil. Percent contribution of clay, sand and silt particles in the surface layer was 61.5, 27.4 and 11.1 to Al-P, and 66.4, 21.6 and 12.0 to Fe-P, respectively. However, Ca-P in surface soil layer was mainly (68%) present in sand size soil separates followed by silt (28.5%) and clay (3.5%) size soil separates. Percent distribution of P forms in different sized soil separates of the subsurface layer also followed the same pattern, but there was little decrease in the contribution of sand with a corresponding increase in the contribution of silt and clay size soil separates. X-ray diffractograms specified the precipitation of residual fertilizer P as octa-calcium phosphate, hydroxy apatite and variscite, after reacting with calcium and aluminum in the soil. The peaks recognizing the presence of these reaction products were observed only in sand and silt size soil separates. However, no peak was found in clay sized soil separates.",{"EN":1231},"Relative contribution of different sized soil separates to inorganic P fractions in a Typic Ustochrept of N-W India",{"VOID":1233},"[\"9972572301067129995\"]",{"VOID":1235},"Blake L, Johnston AE, Poulton PR, Goulding KWT (2003) Changes in soil phosphorus fractions following positive and negative phosphorus balances for long periods. Plant Soil 254:245–261\nBrar BS, Singh MV, Dhillon NS, Benipal DS (2004) Soil quality, crop productivity and sustainability experiences under long term maize-wheat-cowpea cropping sequence in Inceptisol. Res Bull: all India coordinated research project of long term fertilizer experiment, Indian Institute of soil science, Bhopal 41 pp\nChang SC, Jackson ML (1957) Fractionation of soil phosphorus. Soil Sci 84:133–144\nChopra R, Hundal HS, Raj-Kumar (2003) Reaction products from single superphosphate fertilizer in Fluventic Haplustept soil of Punjab. J Nuc Agric Biol 32:1–10\nDhillon NS, Dev G (1988) Transformation of soil inorganic P fractions under various crop rotations. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 36:709–713\nDobermann A, George T, Niels T (2002) Phosphorus fertilizer effects on soil phosphorus pools in acid upland soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J 66:652–660\nGriffen TS, Honeycutt CW, He Z (2003) Changes in soil phosphorus from manure application. Soil Sci Soc Am J 67:645–653\nGriffin RA, Jurinak JJ (1974) Kinetics of the phosphate interaction with calcite. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 38:75–79\nHirata T, Watanabe K, Fukushima K, Aoki M, Imamura R, Takahashi M (1999) Effect of continuous application of FYM and inorganic fertilizer for 9 years on changes in phosphorus compounds in plow layer of an upland andisol. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 45:577–590\nHundal HS, Biswas CR, Vig AC (1993) Dubinin-Radushkevich multiphase adsorption isotherm for phosphorus sorption by alkaline soils. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 41:653–657\nJackson ML (1979) Soil chemical analysis-advance course. Jackson, M.L. Univ., Wisconsin Madison\nJosan MD (2000) Effect of long-term use of farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizers on residual phosphorus availability to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). MSc Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India)\nKapur ML, Taludkar NL, Rana DS (1986) Changes in soil potassium and its uptake with maize-wheat rotation under different levels of fertilization. Ind J Agric Sci 56:779–782\nKim YK, Kirkpatrick RJ (2004) An investigation of phosphate adsorbed on aluminum oxyhydroxide and oxide phases by nuclear magnetic resonance. Eur J Soil Sci 55:243–251\nKumaraswamy K, Sreeramulu US (1991) Relative contribution of inorganic P fractions to the labile P status of soil and uptake by rice. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 39:308–315\nLehr JR, Brown EH, Frazier AW, Smith JP, Thrasher RD (1967) Crystallographic properties of fertilizer compounds. Chem Eng Bull 6, Tennessee Valley Authority, Muscle Shoals, Albama\nLindsay WL, Moreno EC (1960) Phosphate phase equilibria in soils. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 24:177–182\nLopez-Pineiro A, Garcia-Navarro A (2001) Phosphate fractions and availability in Vertisols of south-western Spain. Soil Sci 166:548–556\nMurthy IYLN, Sastry TG, Datta SC, Narayanasamy G, Rattan RK (2002) Phosphate dynamics in Vertisols of different parent material. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 50:14–16\nNwoke OC, Vanlauwe B, Diels J, Sanginga N, Osonubi O (2004) The distribution of phosphorus fractions and desorption characteristics of some soils in the moist savanna zone of west Africa. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 69:127–141\nOlsen SR, Cole CV, Watanabe FS, Dean LA (1954) Estimation of available phosphorus by extracting with sodium carbonate. USDA Circular 939, US Govt Printing Office, Washington DC\nPower JT (1983) Recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus after 17 years from various fertilizers, manures and lime on K equilibrium and K supply capacity of soil. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 35:749–751\nSanyal SK, Datta SKD (1991) Chemistry of phosphorus transformations in soil. Adv Soil Sci 16:1–94\nSarkar D, Sarkar MC, Ghosh SK (1977) Phosphatic reaction products in red soils of west Bengal. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 25:141–149\nStumm W, Morgan JJ (1970) Aquatic chemistry. Wiley, New York\nTekchand, Tomar NK, Shanwal AV (1994) Reaction products of monocalcium phosphate in alkaline calcareous and acid soils. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 42:539–542\nVarinderpal-Singh, Dhillon NS, Brar BS (2006) Influence of long-term use of fertilizers and farmyard manure on adsorption-desorption behaviour and bioavailability of phosphorus in soils. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 75:67–78\nWatanabe FS, Olsen SR (1965) Test of an ascorbic acid method for determining P in water and NaHCO3 extract from soil. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 29:677–678\nZhang TO, MacKenzie AF, Liang BC, Drury CF (2004) Soil test phosphorus and phosphorus fractions with the long term phosphorus addition and depletion. Soil Sci Soc Am J 68:519–528\nZheng Z, Macleod JA, Sanderson JB, Lafond J (2004) Soil P dynamics after ten annual applications of mineral fertilizers and liquid diary manure: fractionation and path analyses. Soil Sci 169:449–456\nZhongqi H, Griffen TS, Honeycutt CW (2004) Evaluation of soil phosphorus transformations by sequential fractionation and phosphatase hydrolysis. 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J Environ Qual 42:982–989. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2134\u002Fjeq2012.0463",{"doi":1653},"10.2134\u002Fjeq2012.0463",{"id":1655,"createTime":1656,"updateTime":1657,"relativeEntities":1658,"slug":1659,"properties":1660,"entityType":227,"verifyStatus":228,"verifyTime":1671,"verifyNote":230,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1672,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1673,"publicationType":335,"publisherRelationship":1773,"citationCount":1824,"citationInfo":1825,"publishDate":1828,"publishYear":1826,"citationAnalyzeStatus":1829,"lastCitationAnalyze":1830,"indexDatabases":1831,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":394},"63e2221e-bd24-4695-8116-110215313f37","2023-12-07T04:10:47.408+00:00","2026-07-21T04:01:10.957+00:00",[],"Methane-Production-Oxidation-and-Emission-from-Indian-Rice-Soils",{"abstract":1661,"title":1663,"gsPaper":1665,"references":1667,"doi":1669},{"EN":1662},"Experiments were conducted to investigate methane (CH4) production, oxidation, and emission from flooded rice soils. Incorporation of green manure (Sesbania rostrata) into rice fields led to a several-fold increase in CH4 emission. A stimulatory effect of organic sources on CH4 production in soil samples was noticed even under nonflooded conditions. Addition of rice straw at 1% (w\u002Fw) to nonflooded soil samples held at −1.5 MPa effected a 230-fold increase in CH4 production over that in corresponding unamended soil samples at 35 d, as compared with a threefold increase in rice straw-amended soil over that in unamended soil under flooded conditions. In a study involving two experimental field sites differing in water regimes but planted to the same rice cultivar (cv Gayatri) and fertilized with prilled urea at 60 kg N ha−1, the field plots with deep submergence of around 30 cm (site I) emitted distinctly more CH4 than did the plots with continuous water depth of 3–6 cm (site II). Likewise, in another incubation study, CH4 production in flooded soil samples increased with a progressive increase in standing water column from 5 mm to 20 mm. Application of carbamate insecticide, carbofuran, at 2 kg ai ha−1 to rice fields retarded CH4 emission through enhanced CH4 oxidation. Hexachlorocyclohexane was found to inhibit CH4 emission. The results suggest the need for extensive research efforts to develop technologies with dual objectives of environmental protection and crop productivity.",{"EN":1664},"Methane Production, Oxidation, and Emission from Indian Rice Soils",{"VOID":1666},"[\"227249557160912389\"]",{"VOID":1668},"Achtnich C, Bak F & Conrad R (1995) Competition for electron donors among nitrate reducers, ferric iron reducers, sulfate reducers and methanogens in anoxic paddy soil. Biol Fertil Soils 19:65–72\nAdamsen APS & King GM (1993) Methane consumption in temperate and subarctic forest soils: rates, vertical zonation and responses to water and nitrogen. 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Pedosphere 6: 175–181",{"VOID":1670},"10.1023\u002FA:1009891913511","2024-06-23T23:33:10.442+00:00","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1009891913511",[1674,1689,1704,1717,1732,1747,1760],{"id":1675,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1676,"affiliations":1677,"properties":1686,"displayName":1688,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"28e65b30-66b9-4740-9b78-bfc034029cb1",[236],[1678],{"id":1679,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1680,"properties":18},"1d308397-a8e3-4c4d-8663-4304744dbd12",{"id":1679,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1681,"slug":18,"properties":1682,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1685,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1683},{"VI":1684},"Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India",[],{"title":1687},{"VI":1688},"N. 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Rath",{"id":1718,"sortIndex":280,"researcher":18,"roles":1719,"affiliations":1720,"properties":1729,"displayName":1731,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"67bd101c-ab4f-4c3c-bc7c-e1dddd6beb44",[236],[1721],{"id":1722,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1723,"properties":18},"171d4cd5-0d67-4b6b-8a78-d88d9ccfefa2",{"id":1722,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1724,"slug":18,"properties":1725,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1728,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1726},{"VI":1727},"Max-Planck-Institut für Terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Marburg, Germany",[],{"title":1730},{"VI":1731},"B. 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The objectives of this research for SSA were to establish relationships between maize crop-nutrient response functions and biophysical variables; determine prediction equations for maize crop-nutrient response functions; and extrapolate (predict) maize nutrient response functions using the predictor equations to areas of interest and evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the data. Geo-referenced maize-nutrient response functions of 736, 488, and 152 for N, P and K, respectively, determined from past and recent research results by the project OFRA were used. New geo-referenced 4646 points were identified across SSA to predict crop-nutrient response functions using the prediction equations. The independent variables considered were elevation, location, climate and soil properties and their square and two-way interactions. Data were subjected to GLM at P ≤ 0.05. The coefficients of maize nutrient-response functions model’s goodness-of-fits were evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2), cross-validated R2 (q2), R\n                  o\n                  2\n                 and R\n                  o\n                  ′2\n                 and RMSE with mean values of 0.67, 0.65, 0.67, 0.68 and 0.16 Mg ha−1, respectively. These values indicate the robustness and predictive ability of the predictive models for the study area conditions. In conclusion, these predictive equations can be used to estimate maize nutrient response functions for important maize growing areas throughout SSA.",{"EN":1842},"Maize [Zea Mays (L.)] crop-nutrient response functions extrapolation for Sub-Saharan Africa",{"VOID":1844},"[\"1713735015542980064\"]",{"VOID":1846},"Agyare WA (2004) Soil characterization and modelling of spatial distribution of saturated hydraulic conductivity at two sites in the Volta Basin of Ghana. Pub. 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Soil Tillage Res 117:124–139\nTesfahunegn GB, Vlek PLG, Tamene L (2012) Management strategies for reducing soil degradation through modeling in a GIS environment in northern Ethiopia catchment. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 92:255–272\nTesfaye K, Gbegbelegbe S, Cairns JE, Shiferaw B, Prasanna BM, Sonder K, Boote K, Makumbi D, Robertson R (2015) Maize systems under climate change in sub-Saharan Africa”. Int J Clim Chang Str 7(3):247–271\nTittonell P, Shepherd KD, Vanlauwe B, Giller KE (2008) Unravelling the effects of soil and crop management on maize productivity in smallholder agricultural systems of western Kenya-An application of classification and regression tree analysis. Agric Ecosyst Environt 123:137–150\nTropsha A (2010) Best practices for QSAR model development, validation, and exploitation. Mol Inform 29:476–488\nVan Warta J, van Busselb LGJ, Wolfb J, Lickerc R, Grassinia P, Nelsond A, Boogaarde H, Gerberf J, Muellerf ND, Claessensg L, Ittersumb MKV, Cassmana KG (2013) Use of agro-climatic zones to upscale simulated crop yield potential. Field Crops Res 143:44–55\nVeerasamy R, Rajak H, Jain A, Sivadasan S, Varghese CP, Agrawal RK (2011) Validation of QSAR models- strategies and importance. Int J Drug Design and Discov 2(3):511–519\nWalker GK (1989) Model for operational forecasting of Western Canadian wheat yield. Agric For Meteorol 44:339–351\nYou L, Wood SR (2006) An entropy approach to spatial disaggregation of agricultural production. Agric Syst 90(1\u002F3):329–347\nZomer RJ, Trabucco A, Bossio DA, van Straaten O, Verchot LV (2008) Climate Change Mitigation: a Spatial analysis of global land suitability for clean development mechanism afforestation and reforestation. 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(Chrysanthemum cinerariefolium) flowers have been observed to have insecticidal properties and could be used as an indigenous nitrification inhibitor for increasing N-use efficiency. A field experiment was conducted at the Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India during 1988 and 1989 to evaluate the relative performance of pyrethrum flower waste and Dicyandiamide (DCD) as nitrification inhibitors applied with prilled urea (PU) to Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.). The results revealed that application of the nitrification inhibitors with prilled urea significantly increased the herb and essential oil yield of the crop compared to that of prilled urea alone. Addition of Dicyandiamide and pyrethrum flower waste gave 30 and 23% more herb yield than prilled urea alone, the corresponding increase in oil yield being 27 and 22%, respectively. Application of nitrogen at 200 kg ha−1 in dicayndiamide or pyrethrum flower waste treated soil significantly enhanced the herb and essential oil yields and N-uptake by the crop to more than that for 300 kg N ha−1 with prilled urea. Both the materials improved the N use efficiency by one and half time as compared to that with PU at 100 kg N ha−1. The results indicate pyrethrum flower dust can be effectively used as a potential nitrification inhibitor.",{"EN":1949},"Effect of nitrification inhibitors on herb and essential oil yield of Japanese mint on sandy soil",{"VOID":1951},"[\"13073002815495443166\"]",{"VOID":1953},"Bains SN, Prasad R & Bhatia PC (1971) Use of indigenous materials to enhance the efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen for rice. Fert News 16: 30–32\nBlack CA, Evans DD, White Jl, Ensmingar LE & Clark PF (1965) Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, US\nJackson ML (1967) Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N, J.\nPrakasa Rao EVS & Puttanna K (1987) Nitrification and ammonia volatilization losses from urea and dicyandiamide-treated urea in a sandy loam soil. Plant and Soil 97: 201–206\nPrasad R, Rajale GB & Lakhdive BA (1971.) Nitrification retarders and slow release nitrogenous fertilizers. Adv Agron 23: 337–405\nRam M, Chatterjee BN, Yadav RL & Singh DV (1988) Minimizing volatilization and leaching losses of nitrogen by different nitrogen carriers in Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.)J Agric Sci, Cambridge 110: 415–418\nRam.M, Yadav RL, Chatterjee BN, & Singh DV (1989) Relative efficacy of nitrogen-carriers at different rates and times of application on growth and yield of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.) Indian J Agric Sci 59(4): 236–241\nRam M, Patra DD, Subrahmanyam K & Singh DV (1993) Nitrification inhibitory properties inMentha spent andPyrethrum flowers. J Indian Soc Soil Sci 4(1): 176–177\nSahrawat KL (1982) Comparative evaluation of Karanjin and extract of Karnja (Pongamia glabra) and neem (Azadirachta indica) seeds for retardation of nitrification of urea in soil. J Indian Soc Soil Sci 30(2): 107–115\nSahrawat KL (1989) Effect of nitrification inhibitors on nitrogen transformations other than nitrification in soil. Adv Agron 42: 279–306\nSharma SN & Singh A (1980) Response of Japanese mint to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Indian J Agron 25(3): 428–432\nSingh UV (1966) Studies on better utilization of non edible oil seed cakes: ‘Karanja’ (Pongamia glabra) seed cake. Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India (cited by Sahrawatet al., 1974)\nSivapalan K & Fernando V (1985) N-mineralisation in polyphenol- rich plant residues and their effect on nitrification of applied ammonium sulphate. Soil Biol Biochem 17(4): 547–551\nYadava RL & Mohan R (1982) Physiological analysis of menthol yield variation inMentha arvensis L. under different rates of nitrogen application. 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