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J Hydrol 241:91–103. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002FS0022-1694(00)00370-X\nArslan H (2013) Application of multivariate statistical techniques in the assessment of groundwater quality in seawater intrusion area in Bafra Plain. Turkey Environ Monitor Assess 185(3):2439–2452. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10661-012-2722-x\nBlanchette D, Lefebvre R, Nastev M, Cloutier V (2010) Groundwater quality, geochemical processes and groundwater evolution in the Chateauguay river watershed, Quebec, Canada. Can Water Resour J 35(4):503–526. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.4296\u002Fcwrj3504503\nBotha JF, Verwey JP, Van der Voot I, Vivier JJP, Buys J, Colliston WP, Loock JC (1998) Karoo aquifers: their geology, geometry and physical properties. Water Research Commission, South Africa. In: WRC report no. 487\u002F01\u002F98\nCampbell GDM (1980) Beaufort West groundwater investigation (1975–1977). In: Unpublished technical report GH3155. Department of Water Affairs, Pretoria\nCey EE, Rudolph DL, Aravena R, Parkin G (1999) Role of the riparian zone in controlling the distribution and fate of agricultural nitrogen near a small stream in southern Ontario. J Contam Hydrol 37:45–67\nChidambaram S, Anandhan P, Prasanna MV, Srinivasamoorthy K, Vasanthavigar M (2013) Major ion chemistry and identification of hydrogeochemical processes controlling groundwater in and around Neyveli lignite mines, Tamil Nadu, South India. Arab J Geosci 6(9):3451–3467\nDepartment of Environmental Affairs and Development Planning (DEADP), Western Cape Government (2011) The Gouritz WMA, Chapter 10: 263–286. Western Cape integrated water resources management action plan. Executive summary: status quo report final draft. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.westerncape.gov.za\u002Fother\u002F2011\u002F8\u002Fchapter_10_the_gouritz_wma.pdf. Accessed 20 Oct 2018\nEaton FM (1950) Significance of carbonate in irrigation. Water Soil Sci 67:112–133\nGomo M (2009) Site characterisation of LNAPL-contaminated fractured-rock aquifer. MSc dissertation, University of the Free State, South Africa\nGomo M, Van Tonder GJ, Steyl G (2013) Investigation of the hydrogeochemical process in an alluvial channel aquifer located in a typical Karoo Basin of Southern Africa. Environ Earth Sci 70(1):227–238. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12665-012-2118-9\nGomo M (2018) Conceptual hydrogeochemical characteristics of a calcite and dolomite acid mine drainage neutralised circumneutral groundwater system. Water Sci 32:355–361. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.wsj.2018.05.004\nGajbhiye S, Sharma SK, Awasthi MK (2010) Application of principal components analysis for interpretation and grouping of water quality parameters. Int J Hybrid Inf Technol 8(4):89–96. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.14257\u002Fijhit.2015.8.4.11\nHelena B, Pardo R, Vega M, Barrado E, Fernandez JM, Fernandez L (2000) Temporal evolution of groundwater composition in an alluvial aquifer (Pisuerga river, Spain) by principal component analysis. Water Res 34(3):807–816. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002FS0043-1354(99)00225-0\nJankowski J, Beck P (2000) Aquifer heterogeneity: hydrogeological and hydrochemical properties of the botany sands aquifer and their impact on contaminant transport. Aust J Earth Sci 47(1):45–64. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1440-0952.2000.00768.x\nJohnson MR, Vuuren CJ, Visser JNJ, Cole DI, de Wickens HV, Christie ADM, Roberts DL, Brandl G (2006) Sedimentary rocks of the Karoo supergroup. In: Johnson MR, Anhaeusser CR, Thomas RJ (eds) The geology of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg\u002FCouncil for Geoscience, Pretoria, pp 477–479\nKozlowski M, Komisarek J (2016) Identification of the hydrogeochemical processes in the groundwater of gleysols and retisols top sequence of the Opalenica plain. J Ecol Eng 17(2):113–120. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.12911\u002F22998993\u002F62302\nKarroum M, Elgettafi M, Elmandour A, Wilske C, Himi M, Casas A (2017) Geochemical processes controlling groundwater quality under semi-arid environment: a case study in central Morocco. Sci Total Environ 609:1140–1151. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.scitotenv.2017.07.199\nKura NU, Ramli MF, Sulaiman WNA, Ibrahim S, Aris Z, Mustapha A (2013) Evaluation of factors influencing the groundwater chemistry in a small tropical island of Malaysia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 10(5):1861–1881. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fijerph10051861\nMgbenu CN, Egbueri JC (2019) The hydrogeochemical signatures, quality indices and health risk assessment of water resources in Umunya district, southeast Nigeria. Appl Water Sci 9:22. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13201-019-0900-5\nMohamed C, Zineb A (2015) Geochemistry and hydrogeochemical processes of groundwater in the Souf valley of low septentrional Sahara, Algeria. Afr J Environ Sci Technol 9(3):261–273. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5897\u002FAJES2014.1710\nNazzal Y, Ahmed I, Al-Arifi NSN, Ghrefat H, Zaidi FK, El-Waheidi MM, Batayneh A, Zumlot T (2014) A pragmatic approach to study the groundwater quality suitability for domestic and agricultural usage, Saq aquifer, Northwest of Saudi Arabia. Environ Monitor Assess 186(8):4655–4667. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10661-014-3728-3\nOkiongbo KS, Douglas RK (2014) Evaluation of major factors influencing the geochemistry of groundwater using graphical and multivariate statistical methods in Yenagoa city, Southern Nigeria. Appl Water Sci 5(1):27–37. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13201-014-0166-x\nPazand K, Hezarkhani A (2013) Hydrogeochemical processes and chemical characteristics around Sahand Mountain, NW Iran. Appl Water Sci 3(2):479–489. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13201-013-0096-z\nPiper AM (1944) A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water-analyses. Trans Am Geophys Union 25(6):914–928. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002FTR025i006p00914\nSako A, Yaro JM, Bamba O (2018) Impacts of hydrogeochemical processes and anthropogenic activities on groundwater quality in the Upper Precambrian sedimentary aquifer of northwestern Burkina Faso. Appl Water Sci 8:88. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13201-018-0735-5\nSANS 241-1:2015. South African National Standard: drinking water (edition 2). The South African Bureau of Standards, Pretoria. ISBN 978-0-626-29841-8\nSAWQG (1996) South African water quality guidelines, vol 1. Domestic use (2nd edn). Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dwa.gov.za\u002Fiwqs\u002Fwq_guide\u002FPol_saWQguideFRESH_vol1_Domesticuse.PDF. Accessed 28 Oct 2018\nSingh S, Janardhana R, Ramakrishna C (2015) Evaluation of groundwater quality and its suitability for domestic and irrigation use in parts of the Chandauli-Varanasi region, Uttar Pradesh, India. J Water Resour Protect 7(7):572–587. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.4236\u002Fjwarp.2015.77046\nTurner BR (1981) Revised stratigraphy of the Beaufort Group in the Southern Karoo basin, Department of Geology. Palaeontol Afr 24:87–98. The University, Newcastle Tyne, England. https:\u002F\u002Fhdl.handle.net\u002F10539\u002F16302. Accessed 15 Aug 2018\nUS Salinity Laboratory Staff (1954) Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkalis soils. In: US Department of Agriculture handbook 60, Washington, DC, p 160\nVan Camp M, Walraevens K (2008) Identifying and interpreting baseline trends. In: Edmunds WM, Shand P (eds) Natural groundwater quality. Wiley-Blackwell, Massachusetts, pp 131–154\nVan Wyk Y, Witthueser K (2011) A forced-gradient tracer test on the Hansrivier dyke: Beaufort West, South Africa. Water SA 37(4):437–443. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.4314\u002Fwsa.v37i4.2\nVegter JR, Foster MBJ (1992) The hydrogeology of dolomitic formations in the southern and western Transvaal. In: Back W, Herman JS, Paloc H (eds) Hydrogeology of selected karst regions. Int Contrib Hydrogeol 13:355–376 (Heinz Heise, Hannover)\nWang J, Liang X, Liu Y, Jin M, Knappett SK, Liu Y (2018) Hydrogeochemical evolution along groundwater flow paths in the Manas River Basin, Northwest China. Ground Water. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fgwat.12829\nWeaver JMC, Cave L, Talma AS (2007) Groundwater sampling: a comprehensive guide for sampling methods. In: WRC report no. TT 303\u002F07 (2nd edn). Water Research Commission, Gezina. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wrc.org.za\u002FKnowledge%20Hub%20Documents\u002FResearch%20Reports\u002FTT303-07.pdf. Accessed 15 Mar 2018\nWestern Cape Government (2019) Latest western Cape dam levels. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.westerncape.gov.za\u002Fgeneral-publication\u002Flatest-western-cape-dam-levels. Accessed 7 May 2019\nWHO (World Health Organisation) (2011) Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 4th edn. In: NLM classification: WA 675, Geneva\nWilcox LV (1955) Classification and use of irrigation waters. In: Circular no. 969. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.\nWoodford A, Chevallier L (2002) Hydrogeology of the main Karoo Basin: current knowledge and research needs. In: Water Research Commission, report no. TT 179\u002F02, pp 30–41",{"EN":301},"The study investigates factors that influence the evolution of groundwater chemistry and groundwater quality in a typical Karoo aquifer in South Africa. Groundwater samples were collected from production and monitoring boreholes during spring, summer and autumn seasons. The samples were analysed for inorganic chemistry species. Bivariate plots, stoichiometric analysis and principal component analysis were used as complimentary tools to identify and describe main factors that control the evolution of groundwater chemistry and quality. Groundwater quality was assessed to determine its suitability for domestic and irrigation uses. Three main hydrochemical facies were identified in all seasons; Ca-HCO3, Na-SO4 and mixed water types. The Ca-HCO3 facie evolves from the hydrogeochemical process of calcite dissolution by weak rain carbonic acid and is associated with recently recharged groundwater at higher elevations. The Na in the Na-SO4 facie evolves through cation exchange between calcium and sodium while gypsum dissolution accounts for SO4. Principal component analysis suggests that there is an influence of anthropogenic activities mineralising the groundwater resulting in saline water at lower elevation which negatively affects the groundwater quality. The Ca-HCO3 facie that dominated groundwater at higher elevation is fresher and therefore suitable for both irrigation and domestic uses. The study highlighted the value of using hydrochemical facies, bivariate correlation plots and principal component analysis as complimentary tools to understand hydrogeochemical processes and their influence on groundwater quality.",{"EN":303},"Investigation of factors influencing groundwater quality in a typical Karoo aquifer in Beaufort West town of South Africa",{"VOID":305},"10.1007\u002Fs12665-020-08936-1","PUBLICATION","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12665-020-08936-1",[309,326],{"id":310,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":311,"affiliations":313,"properties":323},"4d13bb71-584e-47cd-99b0-15ca397cdc59",[312],"AUTHOR",[314],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":315,"properties":18},{"id":316,"createTime":317,"updateTime":317,"relativeEntities":318,"slug":319,"properties":320,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"5b851a23-97cb-4861-8201-bd1a64069a56","2024-04-21T07:45:30.770+00:00",[],"Council-for-Geoscience-Pretoria-South-Africa",{"title":321},{"EN":322},"Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa",{"title":324},{"VI":325},"L. 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Estuary Coast Shelf Sci 30:153–165\nBenoit G, Oktay-Marshall SD, Cantu II A, Hood EM, Coleman CH, Corapcioglu MO (1994) Partitioning of Cu, Pb, Ag, Zn, Fe, and Mn between filter retained particles, colloids, and solution in six Texas estuaries. Mar Chem 45:307–336\nCharacklis GW, Wiesner MR (1997) Particles metals and water quality in run off from a large urban watershed. J Environ Eng 123:753–762\nChen ZX (1986) The behavior of dissolved Cu, Ni and Cd in Changjiang Estuary. Acta Oceanol Sin 8:48–52 (in Chinese)\nDzombak DA, Morel FMM (1990) Surface complexation modeling—hydrous ferric oxide. Wiley, New York pp 81–95\nEdmond JM, Spivack A, Grant BC (1985) Chemical dynamics of the Changjiang Estuary. Cont Shelf Res 4:17–36\nEisma D (1993) Suspended matter in the aquatic environment. Springer, Berlin\nElbaz-Poulichet F, Martin JM, Huang WW (1987) Dissolved Cd behavior in some selected French and Chinese estuaries, consequences on Cd supply to the Ocean. Mar Chem 22:125–136\nElbaz-Poulichet F, Huang WW, Martin JM (1990) Biogeochemical behavior of dissolved trace elements in the Changjiang Estuary. In: Yu G, et al (eds) Biogeochemical study of the Changjiang Estuary. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp 293–311\nFerrira JR, Lawlor AJ, Bates JM, Clarke KJ, Tipping E (1997) Chemistry of riverine and estuary suspended particles from the Ouse-Trent system, UK. Colloids Surf A 120:183–198\nGrantza DA, Garnerb JHB, Johnson DW (2003) Ecological effects of particulate matter. Environ Int 29:213–239\nHamilton-Taylor J, Giusti L, Davison W, Tych W, Hewitt CN (1997) Sorption of trace metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) by suspended lake particles in artificial (0.005 M NaNO3) and natural (Esthwaite Water) freshwaters. Colloids Surf A 120:205–219\nHatje V, Payne TE, Hill DM, McOrist G, Birch GF, Szymczak R (2003) Kinetics of trace element uptake and release by particles in estuarine waters: effects of pH, salinity, and particle loading. Environ Int 29:619–629\nHoneyman BD, Santschi PH (1989) A Brownian-pumping model for oceanic trace metal scavenging: evidence from Th isotopes. Mar Res 47:951–992\nHuang WW, Zhang J (1994) The transportation trait of chemical substance from Changjiang to East China Sea. Acta Oceanol Sin 16:54–62\nKurbatov MH, Wood GB, Kurbatov JD (1951) Application of the mass law to adsorption of bivalent ions on hydrous ferric oxide. J Phys Chem 55:1170–1182\nLead JR, Hamilton-Taylor J, Davison W, Harper M (1999) Trace metal sorption by natural particles and coarse colloids. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 63:1661–1670\nLi DJ, Zhang J, Zhang LH, Chen BL, Chen JY (2001) Primary study on surface properties of suspended particles in the Changjiang Estuary. J Sediment Res 5:37–41\nLi JX, Zhang GX, Du RG (1988) Distribution of trace metals in the surface water of Xiamen Port and Jiulongjiang. China Environ Sci 8(5):30–34 (in Chinese)\nLi YH, Burkhard L, Buchholtz M (1984) Partition of radiotracers between suspended particles and seawater. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:2011–2019\nLiss PS, Pointon MJ (1973) Removal of dissolved boron and silicon during estuarine mixing of sea and river waters. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 37:1493–1498\nLin F, Huang JH, Tang YC, Xu QH (1989) The behavior of Cd, Pb and Cu in Minjiang. Acta Oceanol Sin 11(4):450–457 (in Chinese)\nMilliman JD, Shen HT, Yang ZS (1985) Transport and deposition of river sediments in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent continental shelf. Cont Shelf Res 4:7–45\nMisak NZ, Ghoneimy HF, Morcos TN (1996) Adsorption of Co2+ and Zn2+ ions on hydrous Fe (III), Sn (IV), and Fe (III)\u002FSn (IV) oxides: II. Thermal behavior of loaded oxides, isotopic exchange equilibria, and percentage adsorption—pH curves. Colloid Interface Sci 184:31–43\nMouchel JM, Martin JM (1990) Adsorption behavior of several trace metals in the Changjiang plume. In: Yu G et al (eds) Biogeochemical study of the Changjiang Estuary. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp 263–279\nMuller FLL, Tranter M, Balls PW (1994) Distribution and transport of chemical constituents in the Clyde Estuary. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 39:105–126\nNeal C, Robson AJ, Jeffery HA, Harrow ML, Neal M, Smith CJ (1997) Trace element inter-relationships for the Humber rivers: inferences for hydrological and chemical controls. Sci Total Environ 194\u002F195:321–364\nNriagu JO, Pacyna JM (1988) Quantitative assessment of world wide contamination of air, water and soils by race metals. Nature 333:21–26\nPaalman MAA, van der Weijden CH, Loch JPG (1999) Sorption of Cd on suspended matter under estuarine conditions; competition and complexation with major seawater ions. Water Air Soil Pollut 73:49–60\nPayne TE, Davis JA, Waite TD (1994) Uranium retention by weathered schists—the role of iron minerals. Radiochim Acta 66\u002F67:297–303\nQu CH, Yan RE (1990) Chemical composition and factors controlling suspended matter in three major Chinese rivers. Sci Total Environ 97\u002F98:335–344\nQu CH, Zhen JX, Yang SJ (1984) Chemical compositions and their limiting factors of suspended matters at the control stations of the lower Yellow, Changjiang and Pearl Rivers. Sci B 29:1119–1122 (in Chinese)\nStumm W, Morgan JJ (1996) Aquatic chemistry. Wiley, New York, pp 1022\nStumm W (1992) Chemistry of the solid–water interface. Wiley, New York\nSung W (1995) Some observations on surface partitioning Cd, Cu and Zn in estuaries. Environ Sci Technol 29:1303–1312\nTang D, Warnken KW, Santschi PH (2002) Distribution and partitioning of trace metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in Galveston Bay waters. Mar Chem 78:29–45\nTrivedi P, Axe L (2000) Modeling Cd and Zn sorption to hydrous metal oxides. Environ Sci Technol 34:15–23\nTrivedi P, Axe L (2001) Predicting divalent metal sorption to hydrous Al, Fe, and Mn oxides. Environ Sci Technol 34:79–84\nTrefry JM, Nelson TA, Trocine RP, Metz S, Vetter TW (1986) Trace metal fluxes through the Mississippi River delta system. Rapp P-V Réun Cons Int Explor Mer 186:277–288\nTurner A (1996) Trace-metal partitioning in estuaries: importance of salinity and particle concentration. Mar Chem 54:27–39\nWang KS, Ru RZ, Dong LX (1990) The water masses in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent water area and their effects in the distribution of biological and chemical elements. In: Yu G, et al (eds) Biogeochemical study of the Changjiang Estuary. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp 19–37\nWang ZF, Zhang BZ, Zhang J, et al (1990) Biogeochemical behavior of dissolved trace metal in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent sea area. In: Yu G et al (eds) Biogeochemical study of the Changjiang Estuary. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp 280–292\nWebster JG, Brown KL, Webster KS (2000) Source and transport of trace metals in the Hatea River catchment and estuary, Whangarei, New Zealand. NZ J Mar Freshw Res 34:187–201\nWen LS, Santschi PH, Gill G (1999) Estuarine trace metal distributions in Galveston Bay: importance of colloidal forms in speciation of the dissolved phase. Mar Chem 63:185–212\nWilson AR, Lion LW, Nelson YM (2001) The Effects of pH and Surface composition on Pb Adsorption to Natural Freshwater Biofilms. Environ Sci Technol 35:3182–3189\nWu DQ, Diao GY, Peng JL (1997) Experiment on the competition adsorptions of metal ions onto minerals. Geochemistry 26(6):25–32 (in Chinese)\nXie QC, Li Y (1990) Behaviors of suspended matter in the Changjiang Estuary. In: Yu G et al (eds) Biogeochemical study of the Changjiang Estuary. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp 88–98\nYeats PA, Bewers JM (1982) Discharge of metals from St. Lawrence River. Can J Earth Sci 19:982–992\nZhang J, Ying SL (1996) Particulate heavy metals in the Changjiang Estuary. In: Zhang J (eds) Biogeochemical studies of major Chinese estuaries– element transfer and environment. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp 146–159 (in Chinese)\nZhang ER, Zhang J (2003) Effect of pH on adsorption of several metals to suspended sediment in the Changjiang River Estuary. Oceanol Limnol Sin 34(3):267–273\nZhang J, Huang WW, Liu MG et al (1990b) Concentration and partitioning of particulate trace metals in the Changjiang (Yangtze River). Water Air Soil Pollut 52:57–70\nZhang J, Zhang ZF, Liu SM (1999) Human impacts on the large world rivers: would the Changjiang (Yangtze River) be an illustration? Global Biogeochem Cycles 13(4):1099–1105\nZwolsman JJG, van Eck GTM (1999) Geochemistry of major elements and trace metals in suspended matter of the Scheldt estuary, southwest Netherlands. Mar Chem 66:9",{"EN":389},"The uptake and release of trace metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Co) in estuaries are studied using river and sea end-member waters and suspended particulate matter (SPM) collected from the Changjiang Estuary, China. The kinetics of adsorption and desorption were studied in terms of environmental factors (pH, SPM loading, and salinity) and metal concentrations. The uptake of the metals studied onto SPM occurred mostly within 10 h and reached an asymptotic value within 40 h in the Changjiang Estuary. As low pH river water flows into the high pH seawater and the water become more alkaline as it approaches to the seaside of estuary, metals adsorb more on SPM in higher pH water, thus, particulate phase transport of metal become increasingly important in the seaward side of the estuary. The percentage of adsorption recovery and the distribution coefficients for trace metals remained to be relatively invariable and a significant reduction only occurred in very high concentrations of metals (>0.1 mg L−1). The general effect of salinity on metal behavior was to decrease the degree of adsorption of Cu, Zn, Cd, Co, and Ni onto SPM but to increase their adsorption equilibrium pH. The adsorption–desorption kinetics of trace metals were further investigated using Kurbatov adsorption model. The model appears to be most useful for the metals showing the conservative behavior during mixing of river and seawater in the estuary. Our work demonstrates that dissolved concentration of trace metals in estuary can be modeled based on the metal concentration in SPM, pH and salinity using a Kurbatov adsorption model assuming the natural SPM as a simple surfaced molecule.",{"EN":391},"Modeling on adsorption–desorption of trace metals to suspended particle matter in the Changjiang Estuary",{"VOID":393},"10.1007\u002Fs00254-007-0781-z","VERIFIED","2025-01-24T23:59:42.474+00:00","Auto Verify","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00254-007-0781-z",[399,414,429],{"id":400,"sortIndex":328,"researcher":18,"roles":401,"affiliations":402,"properties":411},"ed5cc870-c1c0-49e7-b6c6-639c6bf5248c",[312],[403],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":404,"properties":18},{"id":405,"createTime":406,"updateTime":406,"relativeEntities":407,"slug":18,"properties":408,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"6a996483-7bd8-4e60-b047-2ec42e535ae2","2024-01-08T11:26:21.094+00:00",[],{"title":409},{"VI":410},"College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China",{"title":412},{"VI":413},"E. 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Las obras de Bocas de Ceniza: Puertos de Colombia, Bogotá, 100 p.\nCorrea, I. D. 1984. Variaciones historicas de la linea de costa entre la Boquilla y la Punta de la Garita en el Periodo, 1947–1983\u002F84; Informe Inédito, INGEOMINAS, Cartagena, 20 p.\nHoover, J. D., and D. G. Bebout. 1984. Submarine fan diversion by tectonic processes—Magdalena fan and slope, south Caribbean: Gulf Coast Section, SEPM Foundation Research Conference Abstracts, v. 5, p. 43.\nKolla, V., R. T. Buffler, and J. W. Ladd. 1984. Seismic stratigrphy and sedimentation of Magdalena fan, southern Colombian basin, Caribbean Sea: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 68, p. 316–332.\nKoopmans, B. N. 1971. Interpretación de fotografías aereas en morfología costera, relacionada con proyectos de ingeniería: Centro Interamericano de Fotointerpretación, Bogotá, 23 p.\nMilliman, J. D., and R. H. Meade. 1983. World-wide delivery of river sediment to the ocean: Journal of Geology, v. 91, p. 1–21.\nShepard, F. P. 1973. Sea floor off Magdalena Delta and Santa Marta area, Colombia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, p. 1955–1972.\nShepard, F. P., R. F. Dill, and B. C. Heezen. 1967. Diapiric intrusions in foreset slope sediments off Magdalena Delta, Colombia: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 52, p. 2197–2207.\nVernette, G. 1986. La plate-forme continentale Caraibe de Columbie: importance de diapirisme argileux sur la morphologie et la sedimentation: Memoires de L'Institut de Geologie du Bassin D'Aquitaine, no. 20, (DSc thesis) Universite de Bordeux I, Talence, France, 387 p.\nVernette, G., S. Hincapie, and J. Martinez. 1984. Characteristiques et mise en place des sediments sur la plate-forme continentale Columbienne en Mer Caribe (du Flueve Magdalena au Golfo de Morrosquillo): Bulletin de L'Institut de Geologie du Bassin D'Aquitaine, no. 35, p. 87–102.",{"EN":486},"The Magdalena River is noted for its high discharge of river sediment and its importance as the sediment source for a large delta complex and downdrift coastal sand bodies. The emplacement of jetties, completed in 1935 to stabilize the river mouth, contributed to major changes in the downstream coastal sand bodies. The western delta front retreated an average 65 m\u002Fyr. Puerto Colombia spit detached and migrated toward Puerto Colombia at rates of 230–430 m\u002Fyr, ultimately running into the town's quay and port facility. Galerazamba spit alternately elongated and shortened over the short term, leading to the destruction or damage of coastal town sites. Isla Cascajo acted as a significant sand trap with nearly 12 km2 of accretion over a 47-year period. Sand is now bypassing the tombolo, and the accretion zone continues migrating southwest. The small Punta Canaos spit also has shown significant accretion since 1974. The changes imply high rates of sediment transport; furthermore their growth is probably dependent on jetty-caused alterations of wave patterns, causing remobilization of shelf sands as well as delta-derived sand. Understanding sand body evolution and behavior is important to future development of the northern Colombia coast. Placement of port facilities, recreational beaches, tourist villages, and related support facilities on these sand bodies, as well as utilizing the sand bodies for aggregate, beach nourishment sands for other areas, or heavy mineral resources will require significant planning.",{"EN":488},"Rapid formation of large coastal sand bodies after emplacement of Magdalena river jetties, northern Colombia",{"VOID":490},"10.1007\u002FBF01706043","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF01706043",[493,508,525],{"id":494,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":495,"affiliations":496,"properties":505},"01898bea-0e30-4d2d-9d0f-a06ca586d0b2",[312],[497],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":498,"properties":18},{"id":499,"createTime":500,"updateTime":500,"relativeEntities":501,"slug":18,"properties":502,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"c04c1217-ed5e-4099-bb16-1ad585dab3d2","2024-01-18T23:50:00.414+00:00",[],{"title":503},{"VI":504},"INGEOMINAS, Bogota, Colombia",{"title":506},{"VI":507},"J. 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Comput Geosci 32(2):145–165\nYang B, Jiao Y, et al (2006) A study on the effects of microparameters on macroproperties for specimens created by bonded particles. Int J Comput-Aid Eng Soft 23(6):607–631\nYamamoto K, Shimamoto T, Maezumi S (1999) Development of a true 3D hydraulic fracturing simulator. In: SPE Asia Pacific oil and gas conference and exhibition, Jakarta, April 20–22\nYew CH, Liu GF (1993) Fracture tip and critical stress intensity factor of a hydraulically induced fracture. SPE Prod Facil 8(3):171–177\nZhou QL, Birkholzer JT, Tsang CF, Rutqvist J (2008) A method for quick assessment of CO2 storage capacity in closed and semi-closed saline formations. Int J Greenhouse Gas Control 2(4):626–639",{"EN":835},"A microscopic perspective is introduced in this study which offers a detailed insight at the inter-particle level to the geo-mechanical responses caused by fluid injection and the resulting pressure build-up. This was achieved by employing the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to model the pressure development and the subsequent fracturing and\u002For cavity propagation. This technique represents the formation material as an assembly of discrete particles linked to each other through contacts. Numerical experiments were carried out on two sample materials. For the first instance, tests were carried out on a bulk material, representative of a generic intact rock, with the breakage of inter-particle bonds indicating the formation of cracks. The second series of tests was carried out on granular type materials such as sand, where particle separation signified cavity initiation and separation. It was observed from the DEM modelling results that the intact rock material showed a predominance of mode II fracturing at high fluid velocities. However, when the fluid velocity is reduced considerably the fracturing behaviour tended towards more of mode I. Also, records of the pressure development were taken from the numerical results and were used to monitor the fracturing events. The outcome of this study highlights important aspects of the hydraulic fracturing process especially at the particle–particle scale, and thus provides a strong basis for more exhaustive studies involving larger scale reservoir modelling and more complex fracturing scenarios.",{"EN":837},"Microscopic modelling of the hydraulic fracturing process",{"VOID":839},"10.1007\u002Fs12665-012-1818-5","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12665-012-1818-5",[842,859,871],{"id":843,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":844,"affiliations":845,"properties":856},"3a8c3d8f-c155-46c6-a46e-c5d8864a6017",[312],[846],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":847,"properties":18},{"id":848,"createTime":849,"updateTime":850,"relativeEntities":851,"slug":852,"properties":853,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"03efecae-dc74-475c-9089-7bedf7bb7a8c","2023-12-12T10:04:44.608+00:00","2025-06-11T17:14:38.990+00:00",[],"School-of-Civil-Engineering-University-of-Leeds-Leeds-UK",{"title":854},{"VI":855},"School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK",{"title":857},{"VI":858},"Kenneth I. 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Environ Geol. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00254-007-0727-5\nKeith JH, Bassett JL, Duwelius JA (1995) Modification of highway runoff quality by sinkhole drainage structures, Highway 37 improvement project, Lawrence County, Indiana. In: Beck BF (ed) Karst geohazards engineering and environmental problems in Karst Terrane. A. A Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 273–284\nKleinhans I, Van Rooy JL (2016) Guidelines for sinkhole and subsidence rehabilitation based on generic geological models of a dolomite environment on the East Rand, South Africa. J Afr Earth Sci 117:86–101\nLi GY, Zhou WF (2015) Karst paleo-collapses and their impacts on mining and the environment in northern China. In: Doctor DH, Land L, Stephenson JB (eds) Sinkholes and the engineering and environmental impacts of Karst: Proceedings of the fourteenth multidisciplinary conference, October 5–9, Rochester, Minnesota: NCKRI symposium 5. Carlsbad, New Mexico: National Cave and Karst Research Institute\nSharp TM (1997) Mechanics of formation of cover collapse sinkholes. In: Beck BF, Stephenson JB (eds) Engineering geology and hydrogeology of Karst Terranes. A. A Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 29–36\nSharp TM (2003) Cover-collapse sinkhole formation and soil plasticity. In: Beck BF (ed) Sinkholes and the engineering and environmental impacts of karst. Geotechnical Special Publication No. 122, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia, pp 110–123\nSowers GF (1996) Building on sinkholes: design and construction of foundations in karst terrain. ASCE Press, New York, p 202\nU.S. Army Corps of Engineers (2012) Environmental quality, conceptual site models, EM 200-1-12, 28 December\nWaltham AC, Fookes PG (2003) Engineering classification of karst ground conditions. Q J Eng Geol Hydrogeol 36:101–118\nWaltham T, Bell FG, Culshaw MG (2005) Sinkholes and subsidence: Karst and cavernous rocks in engineering and construction. Springer, Berlin\nWilliams P (2003) Dolines. In: Gunn J (ed) Encyclopedia of caves and karst science. Routledge, Abingdon, pp 304–310\nZhou W, Beck BF (2008) Management and mitigation of sinkholes on karst lands: an overview of practical applications. Environ Geol 55(4):837–851\nZhou W, Beck BF (2011) Engineering issues on karst. In: van Beynen PE (ed) Karst management. Springer, Dordrecht\nZhou W, Beck BF, Green T (2003) Evaluation of a peat filtration system for treating highway runoff in a karst setting. Environ Geol 44:187–202\nZhou W, Beck BF, Josefczyk RC (2005) Disposal of wastes in sinkholes: hydrogeological significance, environmental implications, and appropriate application of dye tracing. Prof Geol 42(6):46–51",{"EN":928},"Extensive research has been done on investigation, monitoring, risk evaluation and land management to prevent formation of sinkholes and subsidences in karst terranes. Little emphasis is, however, given to the various processes and methodologies with respect to their remediation. Sinkholes are a surface symptom of complicated erosion and deformation processes that occur on the surface and in the subsurface. The specific method or combination of methods used to mitigate a sinkhole or subsidence depends on the complexity of the conceptual site model composed of influencing factors and triggering mechanisms, depth and lateral extent of instability, impact on existing infrastructure, and existing and reasonably anticipated land uses. Many sinkhole and subsidence rehabilitation methods including dynamic compaction, construction of inverted filters, compaction grouting and construction of water plugs are presented; however, each sinkhole must be treated uniquely when a decision is made on the most appropriate rehabilitation method. A case study was presented to illustrate how the conceptual site model and remedial alternative analysis approach were used to determine the preferred method for sinkhole remediation.\n",{"EN":930},"Conceptual site models for sinkhole formation and remediation",{"VOID":932},"10.1007\u002Fs12665-017-7129-0","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12665-017-7129-0",[935,950],{"id":936,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":937,"affiliations":938,"properties":947},"38a028fc-495b-47f7-a2be-202c89c4ab69",[312],[939],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":940,"properties":18},{"id":941,"createTime":942,"updateTime":942,"relativeEntities":943,"slug":18,"properties":944,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"4218c5e3-7231-4319-b01a-81fd65e56e17","2024-01-25T23:04:38.638+00:00",[],{"title":945},{"VI":946},"ERT, Inc, Knoxville, USA",{"title":948},{"VI":949},"Wanfang Zhou",{"id":951,"sortIndex":328,"researcher":18,"roles":952,"affiliations":953,"properties":962},"3c8d6f3b-ae4f-4af5-912d-6671cd46a117",[312],[954],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":955,"properties":18},{"id":956,"createTime":957,"updateTime":957,"relativeEntities":958,"slug":18,"properties":959,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"394eb8b3-9801-4971-83f3-b59fd4a43343","2023-12-02T11:31:17.216+00:00",[],{"title":960},{"VI":961},"Institute of Karst Geology, Guilin, China",{"title":963},{"VI":964},"Mingtang Lei",{"url":933,"publisher":966,"properties":993},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":967,"slug":10,"properties":968,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":971,"manageAffiliations":972,"indexDatabases":973,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":988,"gsStatistic":18,"type":18,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":969,"title":970},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[],[],[974,981],{"id":102,"indexDatabase":975,"url":18,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":980,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":104,"createTime":105,"updateTime":106,"relativeEntities":976,"label":977,"description":978,"key":113,"publicationTags":979,"standard":18},[],{"EN":109,"VI":109},{"VI":111,"EN":112},[115,116],[118,119,120],{"id":122,"indexDatabase":982,"url":135,"indexYears":136,"academicFieldIds":987,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":124,"createTime":125,"updateTime":126,"relativeEntities":983,"label":984,"description":985,"key":132,"publicationTags":986,"standard":18},[],{"EN":129,"VI":129},{"EN":129,"VI":131},[134],[138,139,140,141,142,143,144],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":989,"i10Index":158,"i10IndexLast5Year":159,"totalPublication":160,"totalPublicationByYear":990,"totalCitation":208,"totalCitationByYear":991,"totalCitationPerPublication":247,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":992,"hindexLast5Year":288,"hindex":288},{"2012":147,"2013":148,"2014":149,"2015":150,"2016":151,"2017":152,"2018":152,"2019":153,"2020":154,"2021":155,"2022":156,"2023":157},{"1975":162,"1976":163,"1977":164,"1978":165,"1979":166,"1980":167,"1981":168,"1982":169,"1983":170,"1984":169,"1985":171,"1986":172,"1987":173,"1988":174,"1989":175,"1990":170,"1991":176,"1992":174,"1993":177,"1994":178,"1995":178,"1996":179,"1997":180,"1998":181,"1999":182,"2000":183,"2001":184,"2002":185,"2003":186,"2004":187,"2005":188,"2006":189,"2007":190,"2008":191,"2009":192,"2010":193,"2011":194,"2012":195,"2013":196,"2014":197,"2015":198,"2016":199,"2017":200,"2018":201,"2019":202,"2020":203,"2021":204,"2022":205,"2023":206,"2024":207},{"1975":210,"1976":211,"1977":212,"1978":213,"1979":162,"1980":173,"1981":214,"1982":178,"1983":173,"1993":215,"1994":216,"1995":217,"1996":218,"1997":219,"1998":220,"1999":221,"2000":222,"2001":223,"2002":224,"2003":225,"2004":226,"2005":227,"2006":228,"2007":229,"2008":230,"2009":231,"2010":232,"2011":233,"2012":234,"2013":235,"2014":236,"2015":237,"2016":238,"2017":239,"2018":240,"2019":241,"2020":242,"2021":243,"2022":244,"2023":245,"2024":246},{"1975":249,"1976":250,"1977":251,"1978":252,"1979":253,"1980":254,"1981":255,"1982":256,"1983":257,"1993":258,"1994":259,"1995":260,"1996":261,"1997":262,"1998":263,"1999":264,"2000":265,"2001":266,"2002":267,"2003":268,"2004":269,"2005":270,"2006":271,"2007":166,"2008":272,"2009":273,"2010":274,"2011":275,"2012":276,"2013":277,"2014":278,"2015":279,"2016":256,"2017":280,"2018":281,"2019":282,"2020":283,"2021":284,"2022":285,"2023":286,"2024":287},{"volume":994,"pages":996},{"VOID":995},"76",{"VOID":997},"1-12","2017-12-16",2017,{"id":1001,"createTime":1002,"updateTime":1003,"relativeEntities":1004,"slug":1005,"properties":1006,"entityType":306,"verifyStatus":394,"verifyTime":1003,"verifyNote":396,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1015,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1016,"publicationType":342,"publisherRelationship":1121,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":1154,"publishYear":679,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":18,"indexDatabases":18,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":378},"f372ad15-4185-4ee0-ad72-8ef8951b8584","2024-01-14T22:36:36.584+00:00","2025-02-13T23:58:51.331+00:00",[],"Nitrogen-and-phosphate-adsorption-on-biofilms-in-reclaimed-water",{"references":1007,"abstract":1009,"title":1011,"doi":1013},{"VOID":1008},"Behra R, Landwehrjohann R, Vogal L et al (2002) Copper and zinc content of periphyton from two rivers as a function of dissolved metal concentration. Aquat Sci 64:300–306. doi:10.1007\u002Fs00027-002-8074-9\nCao Z, Li CK (1988) Phosphorus sorption and desorption isotherms for some loessial soils of north china plain. Chin Acta Pedologica Sinica 25(3):218–226\nChen S (2006) Characteristics and efficiency investigation of suspended carrier biofilm for treating highly concentrated organic wastewater. Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin\nCosterton JW, Stewat PS, Greenberg EP (1999) Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections. Sci 284:1318–1322. doi:10.1126\u002Fscience.284.5418.1318\nFarag AM, Woodward DF, Goldstein JM, Brumbaugh W, Meyer JS (1998) Concentrations of metals associated with mining waste in sediments, biofilm, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish from the Coeur d’Alene River Basin, Idaho. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 34:119–127\nHeadley JV, Gandrass J, Kuballa J et al (1998) Rates of sorption and partitioning of contaminants in river biofilm. Environ Sci Technol 32:3968–3973. doi:10.1021\u002Fes980499l\nJeong YS, Jong SC (2006) Simultaneous removal of COD, thiocyanate, cyanide and nitrogen from coal process wastewater using fluidized biofilm process. Process Biochem 41:141–1147. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.procbio.12.010\nJiang GH (2004) Discussion about NH4 + −N adsorptive ability in soils. Chin J Chang’an Univer 21(2):32–38\nJiang M, Liu JJ, Hu WT et al (2012) Preliminary study of characteristics of phosphorus adsorption on sediment of dishui lake. Chin Environ Sci Technol 35(5):18–23. doi:10.3969\u002Fj.issn.1003-6504.2012.05.005\nKoeadagistan B, Koeadagistan E, Topcu N, Demircioğlua N (2004) Wastewater treatment with combined upflow anaerobic fixed-bed and suspended aerobic reactor equipped with a membrane unit. Process Biochem 40:177–182. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.procbio.2003.11.055\nKurniawan A, Yamamoto TY, Tsuchiya YK, Morisaki H (2012) Analysis of the ion adsorption-desorption characteristics of biofilm matrices. Microbes Environ 27(4):399–406. doi:10.1264\u002Fjsme2.ME11339\nLawrence JR, Kopf G, Headley JV (2001) Sorption and metabolism of selected herbicides in river biofilm communities. Can J Microbiol 47:634–641\nLenardos N, Lucas I (2000) The nutritional value of algae grown under different culture conditions for Mytilus edulis L. Larvae. Aquaculture 182:301–315. doi:10.1016\u002FS0044-8486(99)00269-0\nLi Y, Dong DM, Hua XY et al (2002) Comparison of Pb and Cd adsorption to surface coatings developed in the aquatic environment of wetland. Chin Scientia Geographica Sincia 22(4):445–448\nLi YK, Yang PL, Liu PB et al (2012) Environmental impact of reclaimed water to Yongding river for ecological use and key technology study. China Water Res 5:30–34\nLiang MC, Wang TZ, Li YK et al (2013) Structural and fractal characteristics of biofilm attached on the surfaces of aquatic plant and gravels in the river and lake reusing reclaimed wastewater. Environ Earth Sci 70:2319–2333. doi:10.1007\u002Fs12665-013-2285-3\nLiang MC, Ning ZG, Li YK et al (2014) Dynamic biofilm component in reclaimed water during rapid growth period. Environ Earth Sci. doi:10.1007\u002Fs12665-014-3717-4\nMowla D, Ahmadi M (2007) Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Biodegradation of Hydrocarbon Polluted Water in a three Phase Fluidized-bed Bioreactor with PVC Biofilm Support. Biochem Eng J 36:147–156. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.bej.2007.02.031\nOECD (2000) OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals, test guideline 106: adsorption\u002Fdesorption using a batch equilibrium method. OECD, Revised Draft Document, Paris, pp 1–45\nOpuwaribo E, Odu CTI (1978) Ammonium Fixed in Nigerian soil: 4. The effects of, time, potassium and wet and dry cycles on ammonium fixation. Soil Sci 125:137–145. doi:10.1097\u002F00010694-197803000-00003\nRao TS, Rani PG, Venugopalan VP, Nair KVK (1999) Biofilm formation in a fresh water environment under photic and aphotic conditions. Biofouling 11(4):265–282. doi:10.1080\u002F08927019709378336\nRaunkjær K, Hvitved-Jacobson T, Nielson PH (1994) Measurement of pools of protein, carbohydrate and lipid in domestic wastewater. Water Res 28:251–262. doi:10.1016\u002F0043-1354(94)90261-5\nRusten B, Johnson CH, Devall S, Davoren D, Cashiont BS (1999) Biological pretreatment of a chemical plant wastewater in high-rate moving bed biofilm reactors. Water Sci Technol 39:257–264. doi:10.1016\u002FS0273-1223(99)00286-3\nSuvilampi J, Lehtomaki A, Rintala J (2003) Comparison of laboratory-scale thermophilic biofilm and activated sludge processes integrated with a mesophilic activated sludge process. Bioresource Technol 88(3):207–214. doi:10.1016\u002FS0960-8524(03)00006-3\nTatlor GT, Zheng D, Lee M, Troy PJ, Gyananath G, Sharma SK (1997) Influence of surface properties on accumulation of conditioning films and marine bacterial on substrata exposed to oligotrophic water. Biofouling 11(1):31–57. doi:10.1080\u002F08927019709378319\nWang WJ, Wang WH, Zhang XL, Wang DH (2002) Adsorption of p-chlorophenol by biofilm components. Water Res 36:551–560. doi:10.1016\u002FS0043-1354(01)00267-6\nWimpenny J (1996) Ecological determinants of biofilm formation. Biofouling 10:43–63. doi:10.1080\u002F08927019609386270\nZhai LH, Liu HL, Xu HD, Xi BD (2007) Property of ammonium adsorption on sediments in ditches and adjacent soils. Chin J Environ Sci 28(8):1770–1773\nZhang JL (2008) Studies on the characteristics and purification capacity of substrate biofilms in constructed wetland. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences\nZhang R, Han ZY, Chen CJ et al (2011) Microstructure and microbial ecology of biofilm in the bioreactor for nitrogen removing from wastewater: a review: Chinese. J Ecol 30(11):2628–2636\nZhao W, Li YK, Zhao Q et al (2013) Adsorption and desorption characteristics of ammonium in eight loams irrigated with reclaimed wastewater from intensive hogpen. Environ Earth Sci 69:41–49. doi:10.1007\u002Fs12665-012-1932-4\nZhou CF, Ning ZG, Zhao W et al (2013) Impact of DOM in reclaimed water on nitrogen-phosphate adsorption in sediments. Appl Mechan Mater. doi:10.4028\u002Fwww.scientific.net\u002FAMM.395-396.678",{"EN":1010},"Biofilms, abundantly attached on the surfaces of multiple media (such as pebbles and aquatic plants) in rivers or lakes reusing reclaimed water (RW), are of great significance to contaminants’ self-purification of water bodies. In this paper, the nitrogen and phosphate adsorption characteristics of such biofilms were studied by the batch method, using biofilms cultivated under an outdoor simulative process. Two types of RW treated by anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process (A2\u002FO) and cyclic activated sludge technology (CASS), and surface water (NW) were chosen as the experimental water bodies. And the glasses of surface roughness of 0.1, 1.0, and 10 μm, respectively, were used as the substrates, where the biofilms adhere to them. The results indicated that the isothermal adsorption of biofilms for ammonia nitrogen and phosphates was proved to conform to the Langmuir and the Freundlich equation, whereas the adsorption capacity was significantly lower than that of soils and sediments limited by the pore structure and surface area. There were also significant differences between the adsorption behaviors. The distribution coefficients were ranked as K\n                dCASS > K\n                dNW > K\n                \n                  dA\n                  2\n                \n                \u002FO, and the maximum adsorption capacities (S\n                m), under these conditions were ranked as S\n                \n                  mA\n                  2\n                \n                \u002FO > S\n                mNW > S\n                mCASS, while other parameters did not change regularly. Extracellular polymers (\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                  $$R^{ 2}_{\\text{N}}$$\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                 = 0.95**, \n                  \n                    \n                  \n                  $$R^{ 2}_{\\text{p}}$$\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                 = 0.84**), iron oxides (\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                  $$R^{ 2}_{\\text{N}}$$\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                 = 0.86**, \n                  \n                    \n                  \n                  $$R^{ 2}_{\\text{p}}$$\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                 = 0.68*), and aluminum oxides (\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                  $$R^{ 2}_{\\text{N}}$$\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                 = 0.95**, \n                  \n                    \n                  \n                  $$R^{ 2}_{\\text{p}}$$\n                  \n                    \n                  \n                 = 0.81**) in the biofilms had a significant impact on the S\n                m for ammonia and phosphates. The roughness of media surfaces also had a considerable influence on the S\n                m, which was in the order of S\n                m10μm > S\n                m0.1μm > S\n                m1.0μm, whereas other parameters did not change regularly. The research aimed to provide theory reference for in situ decontamination of RW in rivers or lakes.",{"EN":1012},"Nitrogen and phosphate adsorption on biofilms in reclaimed water",{"VOID":1014},"10.1007\u002Fs12665-015-4053-z","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12665-015-4053-z",[1017,1042,1062,1075,1097,1109],{"id":1018,"sortIndex":246,"researcher":18,"roles":1019,"affiliations":1020,"properties":1039},"98c446da-631c-4c96-ac68-cf62c6d71e6c",[312],[1021,1029],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1022,"properties":18},{"id":1023,"createTime":1024,"updateTime":1024,"relativeEntities":1025,"slug":18,"properties":1026,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"2a82ed75-82a5-4910-99a6-c96e65eb96ef","2024-01-29T10:39:38.397+00:00",[],{"title":1027},{"VI":1028},"College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China",{"id":1030,"sortIndex":328,"affiliation":1031,"properties":1038},"87344254-5511-4966-b552-192c7fa1f2e3",{"id":1032,"createTime":1033,"updateTime":1033,"relativeEntities":1034,"slug":18,"properties":1035,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"ad621249-06f4-46e3-a49f-77378912c4e0","2024-01-14T22:36:36.641+00:00",[],{"title":1036},{"VI":1037},"College of Water and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, People’s Republic of China",{},{"title":1040},{"VI":1041},"Zhenhua Wang",{"id":1043,"sortIndex":166,"researcher":18,"roles":1044,"affiliations":1045,"properties":1059},"0c114b14-8b2b-4408-a526-b6caf16cb0a4",[312],[1046],{"id":1047,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1048,"properties":1056},"b0087970-96dd-44c2-84b8-ad113c86b315",{"id":1049,"createTime":1050,"updateTime":1050,"relativeEntities":1051,"slug":1052,"properties":1053,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"73233cbf-d99a-4264-9279-076dced072a7","2024-04-20T21:47:11.595+00:00",[],"Department-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineering-Purdue-University-West-Lafayette-U-S-A",{"title":1054},{"EN":1055},"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, U.S.A",{"title":1057},{"VI":1058},"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA",{"title":1060},{"VI":1061},"Yaoze 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M, Jalili Qazizadeh M, Samieifar R (2010) Comprehensive solid waste management in Marivan Town. Iran Fifth National Congress. University of Ferdosi, Mashhad\nAl-Jarrah O, Abu-Qdais H (2005) Municipal solid waste landfill siting using intelligent system. Waste Manage (Oxf) 26:299–306. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.wasman.2005.01.026\nAllen A, Brito G, Caetano P, Costa C, Cummins V, Donnelly J, Fernandes C, Koukoulas S, O’Donnell V, Robalo C, Vendas D (2001) Final project report. The development of a GIS model for the location of landfill sites in Ireland and Portugal\nAyag Z, Ozdemir RG (2009) A hybrid approach to concept selection through fuzzy analytic network process. Comput Ind Eng 56:37–368. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.cie.2008.06.011\nBabalola A, Busu I (2011) Selection of landfill sites for solid waste treatment in Damaturu Town-using GIS techniques. J Environ Protect 2:1–10. doi:10.4236\u002Fjep.2011.21001\nChang CW, Wu CR, Lin GT, Lin HL (2007) Evaluating digital video recorder using analytic hierarchy and analytic network processes. Inf Sci 177:3383–3396. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.ins.2007.02.010\nChang NB, Parvathinathanb G, Breeden JB (2008) Combining GIS with FUZZY multi criteria decision making for landfill siting in a fast-growing urban region, Texas, USA. J Environ Manag 87:139–153. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jenvman.2007.01.011\nDonevska KR, Gorsevski PV, Jovanovski M, Pesěvski I (2011) Regional non-hazardous landfill site selection by integrating fuzzy logic, AHP and geographic information systems. Environ Earth Sci. doi:10.1007\u002Fs12665-011-1485-y\nGaruti C, Sandoval M (2004) Comparing AHP and ANP shift work models: hierarchy simplicity v\u002Fs network connectivity. In: 8th international symposium of the AHP, Hawaii\nJavaheri H, Nasrabadi T, Jafarian MH, Rowshan GR, Khoshnam H (2006) Site Selection of municipal solid waste landfills using analytical hierarchy process method in a geographical information technology environment in GIROFT. Iran J Environ Health Sci Eng 3:177–184\nKahraman G, Ertay T, Buyukozkan G (2004) A fuzzy optimization model for QFD planning process using analytic network approach. Eur J Oper Res 171:390–411. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.ejor.2004.09.016\nKhan Sh, Faisal MN (2008) An analytic network process model for municipal solid waste disposal options. Waste Manage (Oxf) 28:1500–1508. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.wasman.2007.06.015\nKisi O, Karahan ME, Sen Z (2006) River suspended sediment modeling using fuzzy logic approach. Hydrol Process 20:4351–4362\nLin HY, Kao JJ (1999) Enhanced spatial model for landfill siting analysis. J Environ Eng ASCE 125:845–851\nMahamid I, Thawaba S (2010) Multi criteria and landfill site selection using GIS: a case study from Palestine. Open Environ Eng J 3:33–41\nMalczewski J (1999) GIS and multicriteria decision analysis. Wiley, New York\nMinistry of Housing and Urban Planning (2006) Architecture and urban planning regulations. Toseh Iran Press, Iran\nNas B, Cay T, Iscan F, Berktay A (2009) Selection of MSW landfill site for Konya, Turkey using GIS and multi-criteria evaluation. Environ Monit Assess 160:491–500. doi:10.1007\u002Fs10661-008-0713-8\nNazari A, Salarirad MM, Bazzari Aghajani A (2012) Landfill site selection by decision-making tools based on fuzzy multiattribute. Environ Earth Sci 65:1631–1642. doi:10.1007\u002Fs12665-011-1137-2\nNeaupane KM, Piantanakulchai M (2006) Analytic network process model for landslide hazard zonation. Eng Geol 85:281–294. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.enggeo.2006.02.003\nQanavati E, Sorkhi V (2006) Location selection of sanitary municipality landfill using analytical hierarchy process method (AHP). J Geogr Territ 11:67–77\nQodsipour SH (2008) AHP hierarchical process. Amir Kabier University Press, Tehran\nRazmi J, Rafiei H, Hashemi M (2009) Designing a decision support system to evaluate and select suppliers using fuzzy analytic network process. Comput Ind Eng 57:1282–1290. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.cie.2009.06.008\nRussel SO, Campbell PF (1996) Reservoir operating rules with fuzzy programming. J Water Resour Planning Manag 122:165–170\nSaaty TL (1980) The analytic hierarchy process. McGraw-Hill, New York\nSaaty TL (1999) Fundamentals of the analytic network process. University of Pittsburgh, USA\nSaidi M, Abesi A, Sarpak M (2010) Hazardous waste landfill site selection using AHP model (a case study of Shahid Rejaei Power Plant, Iran). J Environ Sci Technol 11:231–241 (in Persian)\nSener B (2004) landfill site selection by using geography information System. Master’s Dissertation, Middle East Technical University\nSener S, Sener E, Bilgehan N (2011) Selection of landfill site using GIS and multicriteria decision analysis for Beyşehir lake catchmentarea (Konya, Turkey). J Eng Sci Des 1:134–144\nSiddiqui MZ, Everett JW, Vieux BE (1996) Landfill siting using geographical information systems: a demonstration. J Environ Eng 122:515–523\nSmith-Perera A, García-Melón M, Poveda-Bautista R, Pastor-Ferrando JP (2010) A project strategic index proposal for portfolio selection in electrical company based on the analytic network process. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14:1569–1579. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.rser.2010.01.022\nYahaya S, Ilori C, Whanda S, Edicha J (2010) Landfill site selection for municipal solid waste management using geographic information system and multicriteria evaluation. Am J Sci Res 10:34–49\nYuksel I, Dagdeviren M (2010) Using the fuzzy analytic network process (ANP) for balanced scorecard (BSC): a case study for a manufacturing firm. Expert Syst Appl 37:1270–1278. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.eswa.2009.06.002\nZadeh LA (1965) Fuzzy sets. Inf Control 8:338–353",{"EN":1165},"Locating a suitable place to dispose the municipal solid wastes hygienically (sanitary landfill) is one of the fundamental subjects relating the environmental stability of cities and, in general, the human settlements. 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Environ Earth Sci 61:1123–1134",{"doi":1698},"10.1007\u002Fs12665-009-0432-7",{"id":18,"text":1700,"url":18,"identifiers":1701},"Yang Q, Xiao HL, Zhao LJ et al (2010) Hydrological and isotopic characterization of river water, groundwater, and groundwater recharge in the Heihe River basin, northwestern China. Hydrol Process 25:1271–1283",{"doi":1702},"10.1002\u002Fhyp.7896",{"id":18,"text":1704,"url":18,"identifiers":1705},"Yang YG, Xiao HL, Wei YP et al (2011) Hydrologic processes in the different landscape zones of Mafengou River basin in the alpine cold region during the melting period. J Hydrol 409:149–156",{"doi":1706},"10.1016\u002Fj.jhydrol.2011.08.013",{"id":18,"text":1708,"url":18,"identifiers":1709},"Yin G, Wang XD, Gao ZY et al (2008) Study of the Hydrology of Glacial Runoff in Hailuogou Valley, Gongga Mountain by Means of Isotopic Tracing. J Glaciol Geocryol 30(3):365–372 (in Chinese)",{},{"id":18,"text":1711,"url":18,"identifiers":1712},"Yuri AT, Peiffer L (2009) Hydrology, hydrochemistry and geothermal potential of El Chicho´n volcano-hydrothermal system, Mexico. Geothermics 38:370–378",{"doi":1713},"10.1016\u002Fj.geothermics.2009.09.002",{"id":18,"text":1715,"url":18,"identifiers":1716},"Zhang YH, Wu YQ (2007) Variation of δ18O in water in Heihe river basin. Adv water sci 18(6):864–870 (in Chinese)",{},{"id":18,"text":1718,"url":18,"identifiers":1719},"Zhang YH, Wu YQ (2009) Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotopes in Precipitation in Heihe River Basin China. J Glaciol Geo 31(1):35–39 (in Chinese)",{},{"id":18,"text":1721,"url":18,"identifiers":1722},"Zhang MY, Wang SJ, Wu FC et al (2007) Chemical compositions of wet precipitation and anthropogenic influences at a developing urban site in southeastern China. Atmos Res 84:311–322",{"doi":1723},"10.1016\u002Fj.atmosres.2006.09.003",{"id":18,"text":1725,"url":18,"identifiers":1726},"Zhang Y, Song X, Wu Y (2008) Use of oxygen-18 isotope to quantify flows in theupriver and middle reaches of the Heihe River, Northwestern China. Environ Geol 58:645–653",{"doi":1727},"10.1007\u002Fs00254-008-1539-y",{"id":18,"text":1729,"url":18,"identifiers":1730},"Zhao LJ, Yin L, Xiao HL (2011) Isotopic evidence for the moisture origin and composition of surface runoff in the headwaters of the Heihe River basin. Chin Sci Bul 56(4–5):406–415",{"doi":1731},"10.1007\u002Fs11434-010-4278-x",{"id":1733,"createTime":1734,"updateTime":1735,"relativeEntities":1736,"slug":1737,"properties":1738,"entityType":306,"verifyStatus":394,"verifyTime":1735,"verifyNote":396,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1747,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1748,"publicationType":342,"publisherRelationship":1793,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":1824,"publishYear":1825,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":18,"indexDatabases":18,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":378},"e02e297c-db95-4679-8544-2b3fa8ed612d","2023-12-13T13:23:42.687+00:00","2024-12-08T23:58:25.982+00:00",[],"Vulnerability-assessment-of-urban-groundwater-resources-to-nitrate-the-case-study-of-Mashhad-Iran",{"references":1739,"abstract":1741,"title":1743,"doi":1745},{"VOID":1740},"Ahmed AA (2009) Using generic and pesticide DRASTIC GIS-based models for vulnerability assessment of the Quaternary aquifer at Sohag, Egypt. Hydrogeol J 17(5):1203–1217\nAhmed I, Nazzal Y, Zaidi FK, Al-Arifi NS, Ghrefat H, Naeem M (2015) Hydrogeological vulnerability and pollution risk mapping of the Saq and overlying aquifers using the DRASTIC model and GIS techniques, NW Saudi Arabia. Environ Earth Sci 74(2):1303–1318\nAller L, Bennet T, Lehr JH, Petty RJ (1987) Drastic: a standardized system for evaluation groundwater pollution using hydrogeologic settings. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Ada, Oklahoma. EPA 600\u002F2-85\u002F018\nAlmasri MN (2008) Assessment of intrinsic vulnerability to contamination for Gaza coastal aquifer, Palestine. J Environ Manag 88(4):577–593\nAssaf H, Saadeh M (2009) Geostatistical assessment of groundwater nitrate contamination with reflection on DRASTIC vulnerability assessment: the case of the Upper Litani Basin, Lebanon. Water Resour Manag 23(4):775–796\nBabiker IS, Mohamed MA, Hiyama T, Kato K (2005) A GIS-based DRASTIC model for assessing aquifer vulnerability in Kakamigahara Heights, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. Sci Total Environ 345(1):127–140\nBrindha K, Elango L (2015) Cross comparison of five popular groundwater pollution vulnerability index approaches. J Hydrol 524:597–613\nDenny SC, Allen DM, Journeay JM (2007) DRASTIC-Fm: a modified vulnerability mapping method for structurally controlled aquifers in the southern Gulf Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Hydrogeol J 15(3):483–493\nDixon B (2004) Prediction of ground water vulnerability using an integrated GIS-based Neuro-Fuzzy techniques. J Spat Hydrol 4(2):1–38\nDolati J (2010) Investigating environmental effects of Mashhad development on aquifers and water resources [in Persian]. In: Fifth national congress on civil engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran\nMomen-Heravi M, Ghaderi MH, Ghabel H (2007) A comprehensive study for abating Mashhad basin aquifer. Environmental Research Center of Khorasan-e-Razavi, Mashhad, Iran\nFrind EO, Molson JW, Rudolph DL (2006) Well vulnerability: a quantitative approach for source water protection. Groundwater 44(5):732–742\nHuan H, Wang J, Teng Y (2012) Assessment and validation of groundwater vulnerability to nitrate based on a modified DRASTIC model: a case study in Jilin City of northeast China. Sci Total Environ 440:14–23\nJavadi S, Kavehkar N, Mohammadi K, Khodadadi A, Kahawita R (2011) Calibrating DRASTIC using field measurements, sensitivity analysis and statistical methods to assess groundwater vulnerability. Water Int 36(6):719–732\nJoekar-Niasar V, Ataie-Ashtiani B (2003) Nitrate contamination assessment from domestic septic tanks to water table. In: International conference on soil and groundwater contamination and clean-up in Arid Countries, Muscat, Oman, 20–23 January 2003\nJoekar-Niasar V, Ataie-Ashtiani B (2009) Assessment of nitrate contamination in unsaturated zone of urban areas: the case study of Tehran, Iran. Environ Geol 57(8):1785–1798\nKazemi GA (2011) Impacts of urbanization on the groundwater resources in Shahrood, Northeastern Iran: comparison with other Iranian and Asian cities. Phys Chem Earth Parts A\u002FB\u002FC 36(5):150–159\nLashkaripour GR, Ghafoori M, Moussavi Maddah SM (2014) An investigation on the mechanism of land subsidence in the northwest of Mashhad city, NE Iran. J Biodivers Environ Sci 3(5):321–327\nLavoie R, Joerin F, Vansnick JC, Rodriguez MJ (2015) Integrating groundwater into land planning: a risk assessment methodology. J Environ Manag 154:358–371\nLeal JAR, Castillo RR (2003) Aquifer vulnerability mapping in the Turbio river valley, Mexico: a validation study. 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Australia NSW Department of Land and Water Conservation, Parramatta\nPlanning and Development Department of the Mashhad Municipality (2014) 1965–2012 Statistical year book of Mashhad. Planning and Development Department of the Mashhad Municipality, Mashhad\nRaju NJ, Ram P, Gossel W (2014) Evaluation of groundwater vulnerability in the lower Varuna catchment area, Uttar Pradesh, India using AVI concept. J Geol Soc India 83(3):273–278\nRegional Water Authority of Khorasan (2001) Evaluation of groundwater in Mashhad plain. Regional Water Authority of Khorasan, Mashhad\nRegional Water Authority of Khorasan-e-Razavi (2012) Topographical and geophysical studies in Mashhad plain. Regional Water Authority of Khorasan-e-Razavi, Mashhad\nResearch Committee of Regional Water Authority of Khorasan (2004) Use of non-conventional water (sewage) in the Mashhad plain. Regional Water Authority of Khorasan, Mashhad\nRibeiro L (2000) SI: a new index of aquifer susceptibility to agricultural pollution. ERSHA\u002FCVRM, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa\nSaidi S, Bouri S, Dhia HB, Anselme B (2011) Assessment of groundwater risk using intrinsic vulnerability and hazard mapping: application to Souassi aquifer, Tunisian Sahel. Agric Water Manag 98(10):1671–1682\nSecunda S, Collin ML, Melloul AJ (1998) Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a composite model combining DRASTIC with extensive agricultural land use in Israel’s Sharon region. J Environ Manag 54:39–57\nSener E, Sener S, Davraz A (2009) Assessment of aquifer vulnerability based on GIS and DRASTIC methods: a case study of the Senirkent-Uluborlu Basin (Isparta, Turkey). Hydrogeol J 17(8):2023–2035\nTandise Z (2013) Evaluation of the effect of sewer collection network development on soil settlement: the case study of Mashhad (master’s thesis). Shahrood University, Semnan\nThirumalaivasan, D, Karmegam M (2001) Aquifer vulnerability assessment using analytic hierarchy process and GIS for upper Palar watershed. In: Paper presented at the 22nd Asian Conference on Remote Sensing Vol 5, p. 9\nYin L, Zhang E, Wang X, Wenninger J, Dong J, Guo L, Huang J (2013) A GIS-based DRASTIC model for assessing groundwater vulnerability in the Ordos Plateau, China. Environ Earth Sciences 69(1):171–185\nZwahlen F (2004) Vulnerability and risk mapping for the protection of carbonate (karst) aquifers, EUR 20912. Final report COST Action 620, European Commission, Directorate-General XII Science. Research and Development Brussels",{"EN":1742},"Groundwater vulnerability assessment of urban areas is a challenging task in the fast trend of urbanization around the globe. This study introduces a new approach for modifying well-known parameters of common vulnerability indexes to adjust them for urban areas. The approach is independent of a specific weighting system. The aquifer of Mashhad city, contaminated by domestic wastewater, is selected as a case in this study. In order to evaluate the aquifer vulnerability due to anthropogenic activities, at first, parameters of depth to groundwater, recharge, land use, and soil are modified based on their basic concepts and their influences on contamination attenuation. Then, the modified parameters are used simultaneously in several index methods to investigate the capability of the modified parameters to increase correlation coefficient of all employed index methods with the measured nitrate concentration. Accuracy of the modified methods is evaluated by Spearman nonparametric correlation. It is shown that considering the wastewater discharge into recharge parameter leads to an increase of 20% in correlation coefficient. Also, level difference technique shows that more than 70% of the vulnerable areas are predicted correctly in all utilized methods. The accurate prediction in all employed methods indicates that these modifications are independent of the type of index method. Moreover, sensitivity analysis reveals that the recharge and the land use are both the most significant parameters for evaluating the vulnerability.",{"EN":1744},"Vulnerability assessment of urban groundwater resources to nitrate: the case study of Mashhad, Iran",{"VOID":1746},"10.1007\u002Fs12665-016-6357-z","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12665-016-6357-z",[1749,1766,1778],{"id":1750,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1751,"affiliations":1752,"properties":1763},"fcf354de-102e-476f-881f-72bebdd842da",[312],[1753],{"id":18,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1754,"properties":18},{"id":1755,"createTime":1756,"updateTime":1757,"relativeEntities":1758,"slug":1759,"properties":1760,"entityType":87,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"syncStatus":17,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19},"15c830be-284e-48cd-9f69-0efebf41649a","2024-01-28T05:47:57.057+00:00","2025-01-31T00:33:09.348+00:00",[],"Department-of-Civil-Engineering-Sharif-University-of-Technology-Tehran-Iran",{"title":1761},{"VI":1762},"Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran",{"title":1764},{"VI":1765},"Parisa 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