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Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy","Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ",{"EN":487,"VI":488},"\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">04\u002F10\u002F2015 Ministry of Information and Communications allowed Can Tho journal of medicine and pharmacy to operate (102 \u002FGP-BTTTT)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">07\u002F16\u002F2015 Can Tho journal of medicine and pharmacy is internationally recognized: ISSN 2354-1210\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">In 2016, The journal has been included in the list of medical science journals by The State Council for professorship which is awarded a work score of 0-0.5 points for a published article.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Can Tho Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy welcome original works that haven’t been submitted or published in other medical journals. Posts must contain content related to one of the journal’s categories.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">The content published\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">The journal is divided into 3 categories:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Scientific research article: are valuable scientific works, which have been researched and accepted.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Overview of medicine, biology and pharmacy: serving the objective of continuing training in the fields of medicine, biology and pharmacy; to systematize classical and modern knowledge.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Update information on new knowledge about medicine, biology, pharmacy in the country and in the world.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Scope\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Publication and introduction of scientific research in the fields:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">+ Medicine (internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, odonto-stomatology, laboratory, oncology, traditional medicine, nursing).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">+ Biology (genetics, biotechnology).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">+ Pharmacology (pharmaceutics, drug quality analysis-control, synthetic pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacognosy, botany, clinical pharmacy).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- To enhance the quality of undergraduate, postgraduate education, scientifically researching and meet the necessary treatment in hospital.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Introducing the updated domestic and oversea information about science technology to promote scientific research and exchanging technology in local, other universities.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Exchanging pharmaceutical and medical information for social health developing in the Mekong Delta and Vietnam.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">The object\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Postgraduate students, student of Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, scientists from schools, research institutes, hospitals, health centers, pharmaceutical companies of the Mekong Delta; other provinces and regions in Vietnam and other country.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Address\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Headquarters of Can Tho Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy, located Scientific Research and International Cooperation Office: 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Ngày 16\u002F7\u002F2015, Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ được cấp chỉ số quốc tế: ISSN 2354-1210.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Từ tháng 4\u002F2016, Tạp chí đã được Hội đồng Giáo sư ngành Y đưa vào danh sách các tạp chí khoa học Y học được tính điểm công trình 0-0,5 điểm cho một bài báo đăng.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Năm 2020 Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ đã được phê duyệt vào danh mục của các Hội đồng Giáo sư ngành Dược học được tính điểm công trình 0-0,5 điểm cho một bài báo đăng.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ ra 12 số\u002Fnăm, 180-200 trang\u002Fsố.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Từ tháng 12\u002F2022 Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ là thành viên của hệ thống Crossref và từ tháng 01\u002F2023 tạp chí thực hiện bình duyệt online kín 2 chiều nhằm tăng tính minh bạch, tin cậy của các công trình nghiên cứu khoa học và đảm bảo tốt nhất chất lượng khoa học của bài viết.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tôn chỉ, mục đích và phạm vi của tạp chí\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tôn chỉ và mục đích hoạt động của tạp chí: xuất bản nhằm mục đích phổ biến kết quả từ các đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học; giao lưu trao đổi khoa học, chia sẻ kinh nghiệm, học tập, đồng thời cập nhật thông tin khoa học mới trong các lĩnh vực y, sinh, dược học trong và ngoài nước.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Phạm vi của tạp chí: Tạp chí xuất bản được chia thành 3 chuyên mục: (i) Bài báo nghiên cứu khoa học là kết quả công trình nghiên cứu khoa học có giá trị đã được triển khai nghiên cứu, (ii) Bài tổng quan y, sinh, dược học: phục vụ mục tiêu đào tạo liên tục trong lĩnh vực y, sinh, dược học; nhằm hệ thống hóa những kiến thức kinh điển và hiện đại; (iii) Thông tin cập nhật kiến thức mới về y, sinh, dược học trong nước và trên thế giới.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Chính sách truy cập mở\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ áp dụng chính sách truy cập mở đối với các bài báo đã xuất bản đến với độc giả, nhằm mở rộng cơ hội tiếp cận các kết quả nghiên cứu chất lượng cao và tăng cường trao đổi kiến thức. Tạp chí đăng tải trực tuyến (miễn phí) toàn văn các bài báo được công bố trên website của Tạp chí (https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Đạo đức xuất bản\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ cam kết tuân thủ đạo đức xuất bản phù hợp với các hướng dẫn và tiêu chuẩn của the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), tuân thủ các nguyên tắc của COPE’s Core Practices, Best Practices Guidelines for Journal Editors và Guidelines on Good Publication Practices.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Bản thảo bài báo chỉ được chấp nhận khi được tác giả chịu trách nhiệm chính cam kết các nội dung sau: Các nội dung của bản thảo chưa được đăng tải toàn bộ hoặc một phần ở các tạp chí khác; Tất cả các tác giả đều có đóng góp một cách đáng kể vào quá trình nghiên cứu hoặc chuẩn bị bản thảo và cùng chịu trách nhiệm về các nội dung của bản thảo; Tuân thủ các biện pháp đảm bảo đạo đức nghiên cứu (ví dụ thỏa thuận đồng ý tham gia nghiên cứu).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Cam kết bảo mật\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí cam kết thực hiện và tuân thủ các quy định của luật và các văn bản hướng dẫn liên quan đến bảo mật thông tin cá nhân trên không gian mạng. Các thông tin mà người dùng (tác giả, độc giả, biên tập viên, người phản biện) nhập vào các biểu mẫu trên Hệ thống Quản lý xuất bản trực tuyến của tạp chí chỉ được sử dụng vào các mục đích đã được tuyên bố rõ ràng và sẽ không được cung cấp cho bất kỳ bên thứ ba nào khác, hay dùng vào bất kỳ mục đích nào khác.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Phí gửi bài\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Lệ phí gửi đăng bài: 1.000.000đ\u002Fbài báo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Lệ phí gửi đăng nhanh: 1.500.000đ\u002Fbài báo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Đối với tác giả là cán bộ viên chức thuộc Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ thì được hỗ trợ 50% lệ phí gửi đăng bài.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Đối với sinh viên thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cấp trường được hỗ trợ 100% lệ phí đăng bài ( Tác giả gửi đính kèm “ Quyết định về việc giao tổ chức thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cấp Trường của sinh viên”).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Hình thức nộp lệ phí:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Tiền mặt:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Nộp trực tiếp tại Phòng Tài chính - Kế toán, Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ, số 179 Nguyễn Văn Cừ, P. An Khánh, Q. Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Chuyển khoản:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tên Tài khoản: Trường ĐHYD Cần Thơ, Số TK: 0111000115668, tại ngân hàng Vietcombank chi nhánh Cần Thơ.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Thời gian: Áp dụng từ ngày 01\u002F02\u002F2023.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">* Phí gửi bài không được hoàn trả khi bài viết bị từ chối hoặc tác giả xin rút bài viết.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Quy trình phản biện bài báo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ thực hiện quy trình phản biện kín hai chiều nghiêm ngặt. Danh tính của những người phản biện không được tiết lộ cho các tác giả và ngược lại. Quy trình thẩm định bài báo đăng gồm các bước sau:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tiếp nhận bản thảo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tác giả liên hệ gửi bản thảo đến Tạp chí qua hệ thống trực tuyến tại website: https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn. Hướng dẫn về cách đăng ký, gửi bài và chuẩn bị bản thảo được cung cấp trên website của Tạp chí.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Sàng lọc sơ bộ\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Sau khi Tòa soạn nhận được bài báo của tác giả, Ban Thư ký sẽ tiến hành kiểm tra sơ bộ bài báo (các yêu cầu về nội dung và hình thức). Những bài báo không đúng quy cách hoặc có nội dung không phù hợp hoặc vi phạm bản quyền sẽ bị từ chối (Ban Thư ký thông báo phản hồi đến tác giả trong vòng 1 tuần). Những bài báo đủ điều kiện, được Ban Thư ký tòa soạn chuyển đến Ban Biên tập có cùng chuyên môn với nội dung bài báo để đề xuất người phản biện. Thời gian kể từ khi Ban Biên tập nhận bài báo đến khi đề xuất người phản biện bài báo chậm nhất là 5 ngày.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Vòng phản biện\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Ban Thư ký gửi bài và yêu cầu phản biện đến 02 phản biện độc lập.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Các phản biện gởi nhận xét cho Ban Thư ký. Thời gian từ khi gửi bài cho phản biện đến khi nhận ý kiến của phản biện tối đa là 20 ngày.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Xử ký kết quả phản biện\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Nếu ý kiến đồng ý cho đăng và không cần chỉnh sửa, Ban Thư ký tiếp tục đăng bài theo qui trình.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Nếu ý kiến đồng ý đăng và cần chỉnh sửa, Ban Thư ký sẽ thông tin đến tác giả chỉnh sửa theo yêu cầu của người phản biện. Thời gian chỉnh sửa và gửi lại kéo dài không quá 2 tuần, từ khi tác giả bài báo nhận được thông tin (Quá trình này có thể lặp lại tối đa 2 lần\u002F1 bài báo). Khi có sự thống nhất, đồng ý của người phản biện; bài báo được tiếp tục đăng theo qui trình.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">3. Những bài báo có chất lượng không đạt yêu cầu, cả 2 phản biện không đồng ý cho đăng sẽ bị Tòa soạn từ chối đăng.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Xuất bản\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Ban Thư ký tổng hợp các bản thảo đã được tác giả hoàn thiện sau thẩm định trình Ban Biên tập xem xét, Tổng Biên tập phê duyệt, quyết định bài đăng theo các tiêu chí: sự phù hợp nội dung với tôn chỉ và mục đích, thể loại bài viết (ưu tiên các bài có bài có nghiên cứu chuyên sâu, hàm lượng khoa học cao), đóng góp mới bài báo, bài báo được ưu tiên đăng trong số gần nhất của Tạp chí theo thứ tự: tính thời sự, chất lượng bài báo và thời gian gửi bài.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Ban Biên tập và Ban Thư ký biên tập bản thảo, chế bản, đọc rà soát lỗi. Thời gian hoàn thành từ 10-15 ngày.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">3. Ban Thư ký có trách nhiệm thông báo cho tác giả bài báo (bằng e-mail) về tình hình phê duyệt bài báo, thời gian, số kỳ, tập xuất bản bài báo theo qui định.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">4. Danh sách bài báo theo số Tạp chí được in ấn và phát hành trong năm định kỳ được công bố chính thức trên website: https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>",{"VOID":490},"wcQ1uqwAAAAJ","2023-05-30T08:17:21.868+00:00",[],[494],{"id":495,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":496,"slug":28,"properties":497,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":507,"parentIds":508,"statistic":28},"6413896b-eca9-442b-a73f-182a58a0ce40",[],{"title":498,"address":501,"country":504,"abbreviation":505},{"EN":499,"VI":500},"Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy","Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ",{"EN":502,"VI":503},"No 179, Nguyen Van Cu street, An Khanh ward, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho city, Vietnam","Số 179, đường Nguyễn Văn Cừ, phường An Khánh, quận Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ, Việt Nam",{"VOID":15},{"VOID":506},"ctump","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.ctump.edu.vn\u002F",[],[],"https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn\u002Findex.php\u002Fctump",{"impactFactor":32,"impactFactorByYear":512,"i10Index":32,"i10IndexLast5Year":32,"totalPublication":514,"totalPublicationByYear":515,"totalCitation":520,"totalCitationByYear":521,"totalCitationPerPublication":108,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":523,"hindexLast5Year":45,"hindex":45},{"2022":513,"2023":111,"2024":106},0.01,1556,{"2020":47,"2021":516,"2022":517,"2023":518,"2024":519,"2025":122},57,306,801,358,161,{"2021":146,"2022":280,"2023":522},99,{"2021":524,"2022":318,"2023":104},0.23,{"impactFactor":28,"impactFactorByYear":28,"i10Index":123,"i10IndexLast5Year":123,"totalPublication":526,"totalPublicationByYear":527,"totalCitation":526,"totalCitationByYear":528,"totalCitationPerPublication":40,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":531,"hindexLast5Year":49,"hindex":49},476,{"0":205,"2019":123,"2021":139,"2022":459,"2023":451,"2024":357,"2025":49,"2026":48},{"2021":42,"2022":123,"2023":161,"2024":529,"2025":360,"2026":530},136,83,{"2021":105,"2022":513,"2023":532,"2024":127,"2025":533,"2026":534},0.62,25.43,13.83,{"id":536,"createTime":537,"updateTime":382,"relativeEntities":538,"slug":539,"properties":540,"entityType":25,"verifyStatus":26,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":552,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":133,"subjectFields":553,"manageAffiliations":554,"indexDatabases":555,"url":556,"thumbnailPath":557,"statistic":558,"gsStatistic":594,"type":55,"analyzePriority":28},"6984a56a-db70-403b-9cc4-4013e1ceaffa","2023-05-09T06:47:40.346+00:00",[],"T%E1%BA%A1p%20ch%C3%AD%20Nghi%C3%AAn%20c%E1%BB%A9u%20n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc%20ngo%C3%A0i",{"country":541,"issn":542,"title":544,"introduce":547,"gsId":550},{"VOID":15},{"VOID":543},"25252445",{"EN":545,"VI":546},"VNU Journal of Foreign Studies","Tạp chí Nghiên cứu nước ngoài",{"EN":548,"VI":549},"{\"ops\":[{\"insert\":\"\\n\\nThe \\n\"},{\"attributes\":{\"italic\":true},\"insert\":\"VNU Journal of Science\"},{\"insert\":\"\\n was established in 1985 for the publication of national and international research papers in all fields of natural sciences and technology, social sciences and humanities. 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SSCI","ssci",[949,813],"SSCI",[936],{"impactFactor":32,"impactFactorByYear":952,"i10Index":359,"i10IndexLast5Year":201,"totalPublication":959,"totalPublicationByYear":960,"totalCitation":964,"totalCitationByYear":965,"totalCitationPerPublication":979,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":980,"hindexLast5Year":353,"hindex":353},{"2012":953,"2013":954,"2014":955,"2015":956,"2016":367,"2017":957,"2018":709,"2019":227,"2020":366,"2021":958,"2022":114,"2023":293},1.07,1.15,0.93,1.5,0.49,0.7,1436,{"2004":45,"2005":145,"2006":49,"2007":205,"2008":205,"2009":146,"2010":129,"2011":136,"2012":132,"2013":353,"2014":829,"2015":601,"2016":574,"2017":961,"2018":282,"2019":331,"2020":210,"2021":962,"2022":963,"2023":354,"2024":140},115,169,137,8873,{"2004":132,"2005":566,"2007":566,"2008":48,"2009":50,"2010":966,"2011":967,"2012":968,"2013":969,"2014":970,"2015":971,"2016":972,"2017":973,"2018":974,"2019":975,"2020":976,"2021":977,"2022":978},69,830,201,2307,1025,623,574,690,923,490,407,264,127,6.18,{"2004":49,"2005":981,"2007":357,"2008":227,"2009":982,"2010":983,"2011":984,"2012":985,"2013":986,"2014":987,"2015":988,"2016":989,"2017":48,"2018":990,"2019":991,"2020":992,"2021":993,"2022":955},8.89,4.08,3.63,34.58,7.18,52.43,14.04,6.42,5.86,5.66,3.8,3.31,1.56,{"meta":995,"data":997},{"total":996},"1445",[998,1131,1336,1514,1662,1793,1928,2103,2255,2402],{"id":999,"createTime":1000,"updateTime":1001,"relativeEntities":1002,"slug":1003,"properties":1004,"entityType":1013,"verifyStatus":26,"verifyTime":1001,"verifyNote":1014,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":32,"primaryUrl":1015,"fullTextUrl":28,"authors":1016,"publicationType":1068,"publisherRelationship":1069,"citationCount":28,"citationInfo":28,"publishDate":1127,"publishYear":1128,"citationAnalyzeStatus":878,"lastCitationAnalyze":28,"indexDatabases":1129,"openAccess":28,"references":28,"isForceReanalyzing":1130},"0077450f-c0a0-44d5-81ec-3e33b0c14192","2024-01-11T22:43:50.187+00:00","2024-09-27T22:14:43.183+00:00",[],"Assessment-of-funnel-plot-asymmetry-and-publication-bias-in-reproductive-health-meta-analyses-an-analytic-survey",{"abstract":1005,"title":1007,"references":1009,"doi":1011},{"EN":1006},"Despite efforts to assure high methodological standards, systematic reviews may be affected by publication bias. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of publication bias in a collection of high quality systematic reviews on reproductive health. Systematic reviews included in the Reproductive Health Library (RHL), issue No 9, were assessed. Funnel plot was used to assess meta-analyses containing 10 or more trials reporting a binary outcome. A funnel plot, the estimated number of missing studies and the adjusted combined effect size were obtained using the \"trim and fill method\". Meta-analyses results that were not considered to be robust due to a possible publication bias were submitted to a more detailed assessment. A total of 21 systematic reviews were assessed. The number of trials comprising each one ranged from 10 to 83 (median = 13), totaling 379 trials, whose results have been summarized. None of the reviews had reported any evaluation of publication bias or funnel plot asymmetry. Some degree of asymmetry in funnel plots was observed in 18 of the 21 meta-analyses evaluated (85.7%), with the estimated number of missing studies ranging from 1 to 18 (median = 3). Only for three meta-analyses, the conclusion could not be considered robust due to a possible publication bias. Asymmetry is a frequent finding in funnel plots of meta-analyses in reproductive health, but according to the present evaluation, less than 15% of meta-analyses report conclusions that would not be considered robust. Publication bias and other sources of asymmetry in funnel plots should be systematically addressed by reproductive health meta-analysts. Next amendments in Cochrane systematic reviews should include this type of evaluation. Further studies regarding the evolution of effect size and publication bias over time in systematic reviews in reproductive health are needed.",{"EN":1008},"Assessment of funnel plot asymmetry and publication bias in reproductive health meta-analyses: an analytic survey",{"VOID":1010},"Implementing Best Practices in Reproductive Health. [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.ibpinitiative.org\u002F]\nVillar J, Gülmezoglu AM, Khanna J, Carroli G, Hofmeyr GJ, Schulz K, Lumbiganon P: Evidence-based reproductive health in developing countries: The WHO Reproductive Health Library. 1999, Geneva, The World Health Organization, 2\nRothstein HR, Sutton AJ, Borenstein M: Publication Bias in Meta-analysis: prevention, assessment and adjustment. 2005, Chichester, UK:John Wiley & Sons, Ltd\nLeLorier J, Grégoire G, Benhaddad A, Lapierre J, Dederian F: Discrepancies between meta-analyses and subsequent large randomized, controlled trials. N Engl J Med. 1997, 337: 536-42. 10.1056\u002FNEJM199708213370806.\nOxman AD, Cook DJ, Guyatt GH: User's guide to the medical literature. JAMA. 1994, 272: 1367-71. 10.1001\u002Fjama.272.17.1367.\nMaher D, Cook DJ, Eastwood S: Improving the quality of reports of meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: the QUOROM statement. Lancet. 1999, 354: 1896-900. 10.1016\u002FS0140-6736(99)04149-5.\nStroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC: Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. JAMA. 2000, 283: 2008-12. 10.1001\u002Fjama.283.15.2008.\nHiggins JPT, Green S, editors: Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.5 [updated May 2005]. The Cochrane Library. 2005, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 3\nTallon D, Schneider M, Egger M: Quality of systematic reviews published in high impact general and specialist journals. Proceedings of 2nd symposium on systematic reviews: beyond the basics. 1999, Oxford\nWHO: The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]\nDuval S: The trim and fill Method. Publication Bias in Meta-analysis: prevention, assessment and adjustment. Edited by: Rothstein HR, Sutton AJ, Borenstein M. 2005, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd\nSutton AJ, Duval SJ, Tweedie RL, Abrams KR, Jones DR: Empirical assessment of effect of publication bias on meta-analysis. BMJ. 2000, 320: 1574-77. 10.1136\u002Fbmj.320.7249.1574.\nMartin-Hirsch P, Jarvis G, Kitchener H, Lilford R: Collection devices for obtaining cervical cytology samples (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nHopkins L, Smaill F: Antibiotic prophylaxis regimens and drugs for cesarean section (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nHodnett ED, Gates S, Hofmeyr GJ, Sakala C: Continuous support for women during childbirth (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nCheng L, Gülmezoglu AM, Van Oel CJ, Piaggio G, Ezcurra E, Van Look PFA: Interventions for emergency contraception (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nVillar J, Piaggio G, Carroli G, Donner A: Factors affecting the comparability of meta-analyses and largest trials results in perinatology. J Clin Epidemiol. 1997, 50: 997-1002. 10.1016\u002FS0895-4356(97)00148-0.\nHofmeyr GJ: Amnioinfusion for meconium-stained liquor in labour (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nSmaill F, Hofmeyr GJ: Antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean section (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nHopkins L, Smaill F: Antibiotic prophylaxis regimens and drugs for cesarean section (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nSmaill F: Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nKenyon S, Boulvain M, Neilson J: Antibiotics for preterm rupture of membranes (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nMcDonald H, Brocklehurst P, Parsons J: Antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nAbalos E, Duley L, Steyn DW, Henderson-Smart DJ: Antihypertensive drug therapy for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nKnight M, Duley L, Henderson-Smart DJ, King JF: Antiplatelet agents for preventing and treating pre-eclampsia (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nKing JF, Flenady VJ, Papatsonis DNM, Dekker GA, Carbonne B: Calcium channel blockers for inhibiting preterm labour (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nAtallah AN, Hofmeyr GJ, Duley L: Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nThacker SB, Stroup D, Chang M: Continuous electronic heart rate monitoring for fetal assessment during labor (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nCrowley P: Interventions for preventing or improving the outcome of delivery at or beyond term (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nOates-Whitehead RM, Haas DM, Carrier JAK: Progestogen for preventing miscarriage (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nHodnett ED, Fredericks S: Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nCarroli G, Bergel E: Umbilical vein injection for management of retained placenta (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nJohanson RB, Menon V: Vacuum extraction versus forceps for assisted vaginal delivery (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9\nHofmeyr GJ, Gülmezoglu AM: Vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour (Cochrane Review). The Reproductive Health Library. 2006, Oxford: Update Software Ltd, (Reprinted from The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.), [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rhlibrary.com]9",{"VOID":1012},"10.1186\u002F1742-4755-4-3","PUBLICATION","Auto Verify","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002F1742-4755-4-3",[1017,1042,1055],{"id":1018,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1019,"affiliations":1021,"properties":1039,"displayName":1041,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"cfe3bc4e-0e32-4981-814b-abed886932c1",[1020],"AUTHOR",[1022,1030],{"id":1023,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1024,"properties":28},"95ff5ba8-46f0-472e-92d0-836fbb6d1113",{"id":1023,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1025,"slug":28,"properties":1026,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1029,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1027},{"VI":1028},"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Brazil",[],{"id":1031,"sortIndex":40,"affiliation":1032,"properties":1038},"432fdb0c-c5fe-4f43-b7f8-814f6c8ec610",{"id":1031,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1033,"slug":28,"properties":1034,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1037,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1035},{"VI":1036},"Clinical Epidemiology Collaborative Group, Women's Integrated Health Care Center, University of Campinas, Brazil",[],{},{"title":1040},{"VI":1041},"João P 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Pileggi",{"id":1056,"sortIndex":123,"researcher":28,"roles":1057,"affiliations":1058,"properties":1065,"displayName":1067,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"7e59227d-e6ad-4665-9e29-e946112c7f84",[1020],[1059],{"id":1023,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1060,"properties":28},{"id":1023,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1061,"slug":28,"properties":1062,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1064,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1063},{"VI":1028},[],{"title":1066},{"VI":1067},"José G Cecatti","ARTICLE",{"url":1015,"publisher":1070,"properties":1122},{"id":868,"createTime":869,"updateTime":870,"relativeEntities":1071,"slug":872,"properties":1072,"entityType":25,"verifyStatus":878,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":32,"subjectFields":1075,"manageAffiliations":1084,"indexDatabases":1095,"url":28,"thumbnailPath":28,"statistic":1117,"gsStatistic":28,"type":28,"analyzePriority":28},[],{"title":1073,"eissn":1074},{"EN":875},{"VOID":877},[1076,1080],{"id":881,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1077,"label":1078,"description":1079,"parentId":28,"standard":28,"scholarHubFieldId":28},[],{"EN":884},{},{"id":887,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1081,"label":1082,"description":1083,"parentId":28,"standard":28,"scholarHubFieldId":28},[],{"EN":890},{},[1085,1090],{"id":894,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1086,"slug":28,"properties":1087,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1089,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1088},{"EN":898},[],{"id":901,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1091,"slug":28,"properties":1092,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1094,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1093},{"EN":905},[],[1096,1103,1110],{"id":909,"indexDatabase":1097,"url":915,"indexYears":916,"academicFieldIds":1102,"indexDatabaseRanking":920},{"id":786,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1098,"label":1099,"description":1100,"key":792,"publicationTags":1101,"standard":28},[],{"EN":789,"VI":789},{"EN":789,"VI":791},[794],[918,919],{"id":922,"indexDatabase":1104,"url":934,"indexYears":28,"academicFieldIds":1109,"indexDatabaseRanking":28},{"id":924,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1105,"label":1106,"description":1107,"key":931,"publicationTags":1108,"standard":28},[],{"EN":927,"VI":927},{"EN":929,"VI":930},[933,813],[936],{"id":938,"indexDatabase":1111,"url":934,"indexYears":28,"academicFieldIds":1116,"indexDatabaseRanking":28},{"id":940,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1112,"label":1113,"description":1114,"key":947,"publicationTags":1115,"standard":28},[],{"EN":943,"VI":943},{"EN":945,"VI":946},[949,813],[936],{"impactFactor":32,"impactFactorByYear":1118,"i10Index":359,"i10IndexLast5Year":201,"totalPublication":959,"totalPublicationByYear":1119,"totalCitation":964,"totalCitationByYear":1120,"totalCitationPerPublication":979,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1121,"hindexLast5Year":353,"hindex":353},{"2012":953,"2013":954,"2014":955,"2015":956,"2016":367,"2017":957,"2018":709,"2019":227,"2020":366,"2021":958,"2022":114,"2023":293},{"2004":45,"2005":145,"2006":49,"2007":205,"2008":205,"2009":146,"2010":129,"2011":136,"2012":132,"2013":353,"2014":829,"2015":601,"2016":574,"2017":961,"2018":282,"2019":331,"2020":210,"2021":962,"2022":963,"2023":354,"2024":140},{"2004":132,"2005":566,"2007":566,"2008":48,"2009":50,"2010":966,"2011":967,"2012":968,"2013":969,"2014":970,"2015":971,"2016":972,"2017":973,"2018":974,"2019":975,"2020":976,"2021":977,"2022":978},{"2004":49,"2005":981,"2007":357,"2008":227,"2009":982,"2010":983,"2011":984,"2012":985,"2013":986,"2014":987,"2015":988,"2016":989,"2017":48,"2018":990,"2019":991,"2020":992,"2021":993,"2022":955},{"pages":1123,"volume":1125},{"VOID":1124},"1-6",{"VOID":1126},"4","2007-04-16",2007,[949,920,933],false,{"id":1132,"createTime":1133,"updateTime":1134,"relativeEntities":1135,"slug":1136,"properties":1137,"entityType":1013,"verifyStatus":26,"verifyTime":1134,"verifyNote":1014,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":32,"primaryUrl":1146,"fullTextUrl":28,"authors":1147,"publicationType":1068,"publisherRelationship":1275,"citationCount":28,"citationInfo":28,"publishDate":1333,"publishYear":1334,"citationAnalyzeStatus":878,"lastCitationAnalyze":28,"indexDatabases":1335,"openAccess":28,"references":28,"isForceReanalyzing":1130},"00f1cbd7-9bb8-4c0f-b23b-74f5f3221794","2023-12-28T01:37:03.865+00:00","2025-02-21T23:27:55.343+00:00",[],"Cultural-considerations-and-beliefs-surrounding-preterm-birth-in-Kenya-and-South-Africa",{"abstract":1138,"title":1140,"references":1142,"doi":1144},{"EN":1139},"Preterm birth (PTB) is a global health epidemic, sub-Saharan Africa is severely impacted due to its limited healthcare resources. Pregnancy knowledge, cultural beliefs and practices play a role in the identification of risk and management of PTB. This study explored knowledge, understandings, cultural beliefs and attitudes to pregnancy and PTB, as well as cultural considerations for the introduction of an intravaginal device which could be used to identify PTB risk.\n Qualitative research was conducted in South Africa and Kenya. In-depth interviews were conducted using semi-structured guides with women with a history of PTB (n = 10), healthcare providers (n = 16) and health systems experts (n = 10); and 26 focus group discussions with pregnant women seeking antenatal care (n = 132) and community male partners\u002Ffathers (n = 54). Interviews\u002Fdiscussions were transcribed, translated, and analysed thematically. Pregnancy knowledge, especially for first time pregnancies was poor, with many reporting late entry to antenatal care. Knowledge about PTB was understood in terms of gestational age, weight or small size of baby, with concerns about long term health and stigma. Various risk factors for PTB were described, including those related to traditions and beliefs of witchcraft\u002Fcurses. Cultural practices, such as the use of traditional medicines and pica, and religion and its impact on health seeking behaviour were also viewed as risk factors. Although insertion of intravaginal devices was not widely acceptable in traditional communities, especially during pregnancy, it was felt that the use of one to detect risk of PTB would be accepted if proven effective in reducing PTB risk. Various culturally-informed beliefs exist which explain understandings of and attitudes toward pregnancy, pregnancy risk, and PTB. An inclusive exploratory process is critical to facilitate an understanding of the beliefs and traditions which could impact the introduction and design of a product to detect the risk of PTB.",{"EN":1141},"Cultural considerations and beliefs surrounding preterm birth in Kenya and South Africa",{"VOID":1143},"World Health Organization. Recommended definitions, terminology and format for statistical tables related to the perinatal period and use of a new certificate for cause of perinatal deaths. Modifications recommended by FIGO as amended October 14, 1976. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1976;56:247–53.\nBeck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Betran AP, Merialdi M, Requejo JH, et al. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88(1):31–8.\nChawanpaiboon S, Vogel JP, Moller A-B, Lumbiganon P, Petzold M, Hogan D, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2019;7(1):e37–46.\nMarch of Dimes Global White Paper. The Global and Regional Toll of Preterm Birth. 2009.\nBlencowe H, Cousens S, Chou D, Oestergaard M, Say L, Moller A, et al. Born Too Soon: The global epidemiology of 15 million preterm births. Reprod Health. 2013;10.\nInstitute of Medicine (US). Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes, Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention National Academies Press; 2007.\nMoster D, Lie RT, Markestad T. Long-term medical and social consequences of preterm birth. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(3):262–73.\nMasaba BB, Mmusi-Phetoe RM. Neonatal survival in sub-Sahara: a review of Kenya and South Africa. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2020;13:709–16.\nNational Department of Health (NDoH), Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), SAMRC, ICF. South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Pretoria, South Africa and Rockville, Maryland, USA; 2019. https:\u002F\u002Fdhsprogram.com\u002Fpubs\u002Fpdf\u002FFR337\u002FFR337.pdf. Accessed 21 Sep 2022.\nKhashan AS, Baker PN, Kenny LC. Preterm birth and reduced birthweight in first and second teenage pregnancies: a register-based cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2010;10(36).\nRaman S, Nicholls R, Ritchie J, Razee H, Shafiee S. How natural is the supernatural? Synthesis of the qualitative literature from low and middle income countries on cultural practices and traditional beliefs influencing the perinatal period. Midwifery. 2016;39:87–97.\nNewnham JP, Schilling C, Petrou S, Morris JM, Wallace EM, Brown K, et al. The health and educational costs of preterm birth to 18 years of age in Australia. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;62:55–61.\nHaddad DN, Makin JD, Pattinson RC, Forsyth BW. Barriers to early prenatal care in South Africa. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016;132(1):64–7.\nBrighton A, D’Arcy R, Kirtley S, Kennedy S. Perceptions of prenatal and obstetric care in Sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2013;120(3):224–7.\nOgujuyigbe PA, Liasu A. Perception and health-seeking behaviour of Nigerian women about pregnancy-related risks: strategies for improvement. J Chin Clin Med. 2007;2(11):643–54.\nBazzano AN, Kirkwood B, Tawiah-Agyemang C, Owusu-Agyei S, Adongo P. Social costs of skilled attendance at birth in rural Ghana. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2008;102(1):91–4.\nMaimbolwa MC, Yamba B, Diwan V, Ransjö-Arvidson AB. Cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia. J Adv Nurs. 2003;43(3):263–74.\nJansen I. Decision making in childbirth: the influence of traditional structures in a Ghanaian village. Int Nurs Rev. 2006;53(1):41–6.\nMathole T, Lindmark G, Majoko F, Ahlberg BM. A qualitative study of women’s perspectives of antenatal care in a rural area of Zimbabwe. Midwifery. 2004;20(2):122–32.\nChapman RR. Endangering safe motherhood in Mozambique: prenatal care as pregnancy risk. Soc Sci Med. 2003;57(2):355–74.\nBuys K, Gerber B. Maternal experiences of caring for preterm infants in a vulnerable South African population. Health SA. 2021;26:1549.\nNesane K, Maputle SM, Shilubane H. Male partners’ views of involvement in maternal healthcare services at Makhado Municipality clinics, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Afr J Primary Health Care Family Med. 2016;8(2):e1-5.\nHilber AM, Francis SC, Chersich MF, Scott P, Redmond S, Bender N, et al. Intravaginal practices, vaginal infections and HIV acquisition: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(2): e9119.\nAllen CF, Desmond N, Chiduo B, Medard L, Lees SS, Vallely A, et al. Intravaginal and menstrual practices among women working in food and recreational facilities in Mwanza, Tanzania: implications for microbicide trials. AIDS Behav. 2010;14(5):1169–81.\nEtemadi M, Chung P, Heller JA, Liu JA, Rand L, Roy S. Towards birth alert—a clinical device intended for early preterm birth detection. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2013;60(12):3484.\nSmith E, Milford C, Ngure K, Newmann S, Thuo NB, Berrios S, et al. Toward an intravaginal device to detect risk of preterm labor: a user-centered design approach in Sub-Saharan Africa. Reprod Health. 2022;19(171).\nRyan GW, Bernard HR. Techniques to identify themes. Field Methods. 2003;15:85–109.\nPusdekar YV, Patel AB, Kurhe KG, Bhargav SR, Thorsten V, Garces A, et al. Rates and risk factors for preterm birth and low birthweight in the global network sites in six low- and low middle-income countries. Reprod Health. 2020;17(187).\nHoque ME. Advanced maternal age and outcomes of pregnancy: a retrospective study from South Africa. Biomed Res. 2012;23(2):281–5.\nFuchs F, Monet B, Ducruet T, Chaillet N, Audibert F. Effect of maternal age on the risk of preterm birth: a large cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(1): e0191002.\nGranese R, Gitto E, D’Angelo G, Falsaperla R, Corsello G, Amadore D, et al. Preterm birth: seven-year retrospective study in a single centre population. Ital J Pediatr. 2019;45(1):45.\nKe L, Lin W, Liu Y, Ou W, Lin Z. Association of induced abortion with preterm birth risk in first-time mothers. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):5353.\nAyebare E, Lavender R, Mweteise J, Nabisere A, Nendela A, Mukhwana R, et al. The impact of cultural beliefs and practices on parents’ experiences of bereavement following stillbirth: a qualitative study in Uganda and Kenya. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):443.",{"VOID":1145},"10.1186\u002Fs12978-023-01633-9","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12978-023-01633-9",[1148,1163,1178,1193,1208,1223,1236,1249,1262],{"id":1149,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1150,"affiliations":1151,"properties":1160,"displayName":1162,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"aeac6992-f009-4986-881e-858dd2f9742d",[1020],[1152],{"id":1153,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1154,"properties":28},"46c6de82-4b6e-4aaa-a113-50ac48a01d2f",{"id":1153,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1155,"slug":28,"properties":1156,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1159,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1157},{"VI":1158},"Wits MRU (MatCH Research Unit), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Durban, South Africa",[],{"title":1161},{"VI":1162},"Cecilia Milford",{"id":1164,"sortIndex":40,"researcher":28,"roles":1165,"affiliations":1166,"properties":1175,"displayName":1177,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"fc7ded02-2128-4453-bb68-bca7389c8d70",[1020],[1167],{"id":1168,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1169,"properties":28},"7558813a-962c-405b-b9bc-4f038281d6f4",{"id":1168,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1170,"slug":28,"properties":1171,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1174,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1172},{"VI":1173},"Albert Einstein School of Medicine, New York, USA",[],{"title":1176},{"VI":1177},"Emma Smith",{"id":1179,"sortIndex":123,"researcher":28,"roles":1180,"affiliations":1181,"properties":1190,"displayName":1192,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"000a30e9-bf2e-49c0-857f-ff5e03a11c2e",[1020],[1182],{"id":1183,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1184,"properties":28},"e4ef1f49-ac65-45b8-8737-061adcf230c4",{"id":1183,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1185,"slug":28,"properties":1186,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1189,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1187},{"VI":1188},"School of Public Health, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya",[],{"title":1191},{"VI":1192},"Kenneth Ngure",{"id":1194,"sortIndex":42,"researcher":28,"roles":1195,"affiliations":1196,"properties":1205,"displayName":1207,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"3465e20a-4aed-4d2b-8526-3b555cf00a5a",[1020],[1197],{"id":1198,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1199,"properties":28},"6007c15a-764e-4e81-b68f-ede05b3a8f5c",{"id":1198,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1200,"slug":28,"properties":1201,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1204,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1202},{"VI":1203},"Center for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya",[],{"title":1206},{"VI":1207},"Nicholas B. Thuo",{"id":1209,"sortIndex":45,"researcher":28,"roles":1210,"affiliations":1211,"properties":1220,"displayName":1222,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"8e2ad394-07fd-4f2b-85b7-207014090ddd",[1020],[1212],{"id":1213,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1214,"properties":28},"f0fb34a7-e4b4-4011-9a63-3ecea10639ea",{"id":1213,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1215,"slug":28,"properties":1216,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1219,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1217},{"EN":1218},"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA",[],{"title":1221},{"VI":1222},"Sara 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the 2005 expansion in abortion legal indications in Ethiopia, which provided for abortions in cases of rape, incest, or fetal impairment and other circumstances, nearly half of abortions occurred outside health facilities in 2014. The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the social barriers women face in seeking and obtaining quality safe abortion care, as a means to generate evidence that could be used to improve access to and quality of abortion services. Thirty-two focus group discussions with both men and women were held in four different regions of Ethiopia: Addis Ababa; Amhara; Oromia; and the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region. The study team recruited participants (n = 193) aged 18–55 in each region using a purposive sample with snowball recruitment techniques. We conducted discussions in Amharic or Afaan Oromo using a semi-structured guide and transcribed and translated them into English for analysis. We used deductive coding and analysis to categorize findings into emergent themes around stigma, barriers, and the changing nature of attitudes around abortion. Despite changes in abortion law, findings show that women with unwanted pregnancies and those seeking abortions are still heavily stigmatized and sanctioned in a number of communities across Ethiopia. Abortion was deemed unacceptable in most cases, though respondents were more tolerant in cases of risk to the mother’s life and of rape. We saw promising indications that changes are taking place in Ethiopian society’s view of abortion, and several participants indicated progress toward a more supportive environment overall for women seeking abortion care. Still, this progress may be limited by variable knowledge of abortion laws and tightly held gender-based social norms, particularly in rural areas. Most participants noted the importance of education and outreach to improve abortion attitudes and norms. Policymakers should create further awareness in Ethiopia on the availability of quality abortion services in public health facilities and the indications for legal abortion. Such efforts should be based on principles of gender equality, as a means of ensuring enduring changes for women’s reproductive choice throughout the country. We conducted a study to explore and understand the social barriers women face in seeking and obtaining quality safe abortion care in Ethiopia. We implemented focus group discussions with both men and women in four different regions of Ethiopia. We analyzed our findings into themes around stigma, barriers, and the changing nature of attitudes around abortion. Our results show that women seeking abortions are still heavily stigmatized. We found that abortion was deemed unacceptable in most cases. However, we also saw promising indications that changes are taking place in Ethiopian society’s view of abortion, and several participants indicated progress toward a more supportive environment overall for women seeking abortion care. Still, this progress may be limited by variable knowledge of abortion laws. Most participants noted the importance of education and outreach to improve abortion attitudes and norms. We concluded that further awareness is needed in Ethiopia on the availability of quality abortion services in public health facilities and the indications for legal abortion. These efforts should consider gender equality to ensure enduring changes for women’s reproductive choice throughout the country.",{"EN":1344},"Signs of a turning tide in social norms and attitudes toward abortion in Ethiopia: Findings from a qualitative study in four regions",{"VOID":1346},"Singh S, Remez L, Sedgh G, Kwok L, Onda T. Abortion worldwide 2017: uneven progress and unequal access. Guttmacher Institute; 2018. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.guttmacher.org\u002Freport\u002Fabortion-worldwide-2017. Accessed 4 Aug 2020.\nGebreamlak W, Aragaw A, Lemma S, Demilew W. Magnitude and factors influencing unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Sci J Public Health. 2014;2:261.\nMelese KG, Gebrie MH, Badi MB, Mersha WF. Unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia: community based cross-sectional study. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2016;2016: e4374791. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1155\u002F2016\u002F4374791.\nTeshome FT, Hailu AG, Teklehaymanot AN. Prevalence of unintended pregnancy and associated factors among married pregnant women in Ganji Woreda, West Wollega Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2014;2:92.\nKassahun EA, Zeleke LB, Dessie AA, Gersa BG, Oumer HI, Derseh HA, et al. Factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women attending antenatal care in Maichew Town, Northern Ethiopia, 2017. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12:381.\nCentral Statistical Agency (CSA) [Ethiopia], ICF. Ethiopia DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVey 2016. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: CSA and ICF; 2016. https:\u002F\u002Fdhsprogram.com\u002Fpubs\u002Fpdf\u002FFR328\u002FFR328.pdf. Accessed 19 Aug 2020.\nDarroch JE, Woog V, Bankole A, Ashford LS. Adding it up: costs and benefits of meeting the contraceptive needs of adolescents. New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2016. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.guttmacher.org\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002Freport_pdf\u002Fadding-it-up-adolescents-report.pdf. Accessed 5 Aug 2020.\nKumar A, Hessini L, Mitchell EMH. Conceptualising abortion stigma. Cult Health Sex. 2009;11:625–39.\nSeid A, Yeneneh H, Sende B, Belete S, Eshete H, Fantahun M, et al. Barriers to access safe abortion services in East Shoa and Arsi Zones of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. 1. 2015;29. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ejhd.org\u002Findex.php\u002Fejhd\u002Farticle\u002Fview\u002F2. Accessed 4 Aug 2020.\nZenebe M, Haukanes H. When abortion is not within reach: Ethiopian university students struggling with unintended pregnancies. Int J Equity Health. 2019;18:23.\nKebede MT, Hilden PK, Middelthon A-L. “The tale of the hearts”: deciding on abortion in Ethiopia. Cult Health Sex. 2012;14:393–405.\nFurry DB, Mashalla Y, Tshweneagae GT. Sexual and reproductive health among high school adolescents in West Shoa zone, Oromia region in Ethiopia. Afr J Reprod Health. 2019;23:65–72.\nKahsay T, Ambaw F, Gebremedhin T, Tetemke D, Gmedhin M. Knowledge and attitude towards legalization of abortion service and associated factors among female youth in Axum Town, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Reprod Health. 2019;11:11–11.\nYaecob R, Abera D, Meleko A. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards induced abortion and associated factors among female students in Yebu Secondary School, Jimma zone South West Ethiopia. GJORM. 2018;5:1–8.\nMuzeyen R, Ayichiluhm M, Manyazewal T. Legal rights to safe abortion: knowledge and attitude of women in North-West Ethiopia toward the current Ethiopian abortion law. Public Health. 2017;148:129–36.\nFederal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. The Criminal Code of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. 2004.\nMoore AM, Gebrehiwot Y, Fetters T, Wado YD, Bankole A, Singh S, et al. The estimated incidence of induced abortion in Ethiopia, 2014: changes in the provision of services since 2008. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2016;42:111–20.\nGebreselassie H, Fetters T, Singh S, Abdella A, Gebrehiwot Y, Tesfaye S, et al. Caring for women with abortion complications in Ethiopia: national estimates and future implications. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2010;36:006–15.\nGebrehiwot Y, Fetters T, Gebreselassie H, Moore A, Hailemariam M, Dibaba Y, et al. Changes in morbidity and abortion care in Ethiopia after legal reform: national results from 2008 and 2014. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2016;42:121–30.\nYemaneh Y, Sahile E, Nigusie W, Menberu M, Asmare M, Mekaleya G, et al. Assessment of attitudes towards induced abortion among adults residing in Mizan-Aman Town Bench-Maji Zone, Snnprs, South West Ethiopia 2017. J Gynecol Obstetr. 2017;5:50.\nHolcombe SJ, Berhe A, Cherie A. Personal beliefs and professional responsibilities: Ethiopian midwives’ attitudes toward providing abortion services after legal reform. Stud Fam Plann. 2015;46:73–95.\nCalvert C, Owolabi OO, Yeung F, Pittrof R, Ganatra B, Tunçalp Ö, et al. The magnitude and severity of abortion-related morbidity in settings with limited access to abortion services: a systematic review and meta-regression. BMJ Glob Health. 2018;3: e000692.\nBantie GM, Aynie AA, Kassa AM, Kasa AS, Kassa TB, Tsegaye GW. Knowledge and attitude of reproductive age group (15–49) women towards Ethiopian current abortion law and associated factors in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia. BMC Women’s Health. 2020. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12905-020-00958-y.\nDebela TF, Mekuria MS. Knowledge and attitude of women towards the legalization of abortion in the selected town of Ethiopia: a cross sectional study. Reprod Health. 2018;15:190.\nAssefa EM. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of health providers towards safe abortion provision in Addis Ababa health centers. BMC Women’s Health. 2019;19:138.\nEwnetu DB, Thorsen VC, Solbakk JH, Magelssen M. Still a moral dilemma: how Ethiopian professionals providing abortion come to terms with conflicting norms and demands. BMC Med Ethics. 2020;21:16.\nBarbour RS. Introducing qualitative research: a student’s guide to the craft of doing qualitative research. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications; 2008.\nFederal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa; 2007.\nWeber RP. Basic content analysis. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE; 1990.\nStuckey HL. The second step in data analysis: Coding qualitative research data. J Soc Health Diabetes. 2015;03:007–10.\nJayaweera RT, Ngui FM, Hall KS, Gerdts C. Women’s experiences with unplanned pregnancy and abortion in Kenya: a qualitative study. PLoS ONE. 2018. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pone.0191412.\nHussain R, Finer LB. Unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion in the Philippines: context and consequences. Issues Brief (Alan Guttmacher Inst). 2013;1–8.\nBekele M. How social norms relate to gender inequality in Ethiopia—Population Reference Bureau. Population Reference Bureau. 2018. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.prb.org\u002Finsight\u002Fhow-social-norms-relate-to-gender-inequality-in-ethiopia\u002F. Accessed 5 Aug 2020.\nKebede MT, Middelthon A-L, Hilden PK. Negotiating the social and medical dangers of abortion in Addis Ababa: an exploration of young, unmarried women’s abortion-seeking journeys. Health Care Women Int. 2018;39:186–207.\nMakleff S, Wilkins R, Wachsmann H, Gupta D, Wachira M, Bunde W, et al. Exploring stigma and social norms in women’s abortion experiences and their expectations of care. Sex Reprod Health Matters. 2019;27:50–64.\nTurner KL, Börjesson E, Huber A, Mulligan C. Abortion care for young women: a training toolkit. Chapel Hill, NC: Ipas; 2011. https:\u002F\u002Fipas.azureedge.net\u002Ffiles\u002FACYTKE14-AbortionCareForYoungWomen.pdf.\nMinistry of Health. Technical and procedural guidelines for safe abortion services in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health; 2006.\nMinistry of Health. Technical and procedural guidelines for safe abortion services in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health; 2014.",{"VOID":1348},"10.1186\u002Fs12978-021-01240-6","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12978-021-01240-6",[1351,1366,1381,1394,1407,1422,1440],{"id":1352,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1353,"affiliations":1354,"properties":1363,"displayName":1365,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"c0f7ab0c-8ab8-45a6-8c44-ec38e7fbde9a",[1020],[1355],{"id":1356,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1357,"properties":28},"908ff18d-0e25-46ce-88de-8925a9b38fb9",{"id":1356,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1358,"slug":28,"properties":1359,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1362,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1360},{"VI":1361},"EngenderHealth, Washington, USA",[],{"title":1364},{"VI":1365},"Kathryn A. 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The neonatal mortality ratio was 29\u002F1000 live births and 96 stillbirths occur every day due to placental abruption, and\u002For eclampsia – preeclampsia and other unkown causes. These deaths could be reduced with access to timely safe surgery and safe anaesthesia if the Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care services (CEmONC), and appropriate intensive care post operatively were implemented. A 2013 multi-national survey by Epiu et al. showed that, the Safe Surgical Checklist was not available for use at main referral hospitals in East Africa. We, therefore, set out to further assess 64 government and private hospitals in Uganda for the availability and usage of the WHO Checklists, and investigate the post-operative care of paturients; to advocate for CEmONC implementation in similarly burdened low income countries. The cross-sectional survey was conducted at 64 government and private hospitals in Uganda using preset questionnaires. We surveyed 41% of all hospitals in Uganda: 100% of the government regional referral hospitals, 16% of government district hospitals and 33% of all private hospitals. Only 22\u002F64 (34.38%: 95% CI = 23.56–47.09) used the WHO Safe Surgical Checklist. Additionally, only 6% of the government hospitals and 14% not-for profit hospitals had access to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) services for postoperative care compared to 57% of the private hospitals. There is urgent need to make WHO checklists available and operationalized. Strengthening peri-operative care in obstetrics would decrease maternal and neonatal morbidity and move closer to the goal of safe motherhood working towards Universal Health Care.",{"EN":1522},"Health and sustainable development; strengthening peri-operative care in low income countries to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes",{"VOID":1524},"UN Statistics https:\u002F\u002Funstats.un.org\u002Fsdgs\u002Freport\u002F2017\u002Fgoal-03\u002F. Accessed Oct 2018.\nMetin Gülmezoglu A, Lawrie TA. Impact of training on emergency resuscitation skills: Impact on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;29(Issue 8):1119–25 ISSN 1521–6934.\nWHO. Media center, Maternal mortality fact sheet N°348, 2014.\nUganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011 via the DHS Program STATcompiler. (http:\u002F\u002Fwww.statcompiler.com). Accessed Oct 2018.\nLawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, for Lancet Ending Preventable Stillbirths Series study group with The Lancet Stillbirth Epidemiology investigator group, et al. Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030. Lancet. 2016; published online Jan 18. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002FS0140;6736(15):00837-5.\nGraham W, Woodd S, Byass P, et al. Diversity and divergence: the dynamic burden of poor maternal health. Lancet. 2016;388:2164–75.\nSpector JM, et al. Improving quality of Care for Maternal and Newborn Health: prospective pilot study of the WHO safe childbirth checklist program. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35151.\nSociety of obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC)Surgical Safety Checklist in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, https:\u002F\u002Fsogc.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2013\u002F04\u002FJOGC-Jan2013-CPG286-ENG-Online.pdf. Accessed Oct 2018.\nDepartment of Reproductive Health and Research World Health Organization. World Health Organization statement on caesarean section rates. 2015. Available at: http:\u002F\u002Fapps.who.int\u002Firis\u002Fbitstream\u002Fhandle\u002F10665\u002F161442\u002FWHO_RHR_15.02_eng.pdf;jsessionid=4E6E15479FC4C3E70B4BFD4A7511EEA9?sequence=1. Accessed Oct 2018.\nHaynes AB, Weiser TG, Berry WR, Lipsitz SR, Breizat A-HS, Dellinger EP, et al. A surgical safety checklist to reduce morbidity and mortality in a global population. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(5):491–9.\nBlot K, Bergs J, Vogelaers D, Blot S, Vandijck D. Prevention of central lineassociated bloodstream infections through quality improvement interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;18(1):96–105. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fcid\u002Fciu239.\nde Vries EN, Prins HA, Crolla RM, den Outer AJ, van Andel G, van Helden SH, et al. Effect of a comprehensive surgical safety system on patient outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(20):1928–37.\nWHO Surgical Safety Checklist Implementation http:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fpatientsafety\u002Ftopics\u002Fsafe-surgery\u002Fchecklist_implementation\u002Fen\u002F. Accessed Oct 2018.\nEpiu I, Tindimwebwa JVB, Mijumbi C, Ndarugirire F, Twagirumugabe T, Lugazia ER, et al. Working towards safer surgery in Africa; a survey of utilization of the WHO safe surgical checklist at the main referral hospitals in East Africa. BMC Anesthesiology. 2016;16(1):60. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Fpubmed\u002F27515450.\nWalker IA, Reshamwalla S, Wilson IH. Surgical safety checklists: do they improve outcomes? Br J Anaesth. 2012;109:47–54 175.\nMaternal mortality ratio, The World Bank Group https:\u002F\u002Fdata.worldbank.org\u002Findicator\u002FSH.STA.MMRT. Accessed Oct 2018.\nUganda Demographic hEALTH survey 2016. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ubos.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F03\u002FUganda_DHS_2016_Report.pdf. Accessed Oct 2018.\nKwizera A, Dünser M, Nakibuuka J. National intensive care unit bed capacity and ICU patient characteristics in a low income country. BMC Research Notes. 2012;5(1):475.\nEpiu I, Wabule A, Kambugu A, Mayanja-Kizza H, Tindimwebwa JVB, Dubowitz G. Key bottlenecks to the provision of safe obstetric anaesthesia in low- income countries; a cross-sectional survey of 64 hospitals in Uganda. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2017;17(1):387.\nGerald D, Sarah D, Kelly McQueen KA. Global anesthesia workforce crisis: a preliminary survey revealing shortages contributing to undesirable outcomes and unsafe practices. World J Surg. 2010;34(3):438–44.\nHodges SC, Mijumbi C, Okello M, McCormick BA, Walker IA, Wilson IH. Anaesthesia services in developing countries: defining the problems. Anaesthesia. 2007;62(1):4–11.\nWall SN, Lee ACC, Carlo W, Goldenberg R, Niermeyer S, Darmstadt GL, et al. Reducing Intrapartum-related neonatal deaths in low- and middle-income countries—what works? Seminars in peritanology. 2010;34(6):395-407. ISSN 0146-0005. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1053\u002Fj.semperi.2010.09.009.\nSDG Target 25 UN Statistics https:\u002F\u002Funstats.un.org\u002Fsdgs\u002Freport\u002F2017\u002Fgoal-03\u002F. Accessed Oct 2018.\nJohn G, et al. Global surgery 2030: evidence and solutions for achieving health, welfare, and economic development Meara. Lancet. 386(9993):569–624 https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002FS0140-6736(15)60160-X.\nRose J, Weiser TG, Hider P, Wilson L, Gruen R, Bickler SW. Estimated need for surgery worldwide based on prevalence of diseases: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;3(Global Surgery special issue):S13–20.\nWeiser TG, Haynes AB, Molina G, et al. Estimate of the global volume of surgery in 2012: an assessment supporting improved health outcomes. Lancet. 2015;385(Global Surgery special issue):S11.\nEpiu I, Mijumbi C, Chokwe T, Lugazia E, Twagirumugabe T, Ndarugire F, et al. Challenges of anesthesia in low-and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional survey of access to safe obstetric anesthesia in East Africa. Anesth Analg. 2017;124(1):290–9.",{"VOID":1526},"10.1186\u002Fs12978-018-0604-6","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12978-018-0604-6",[1529,1553,1568,1583],{"id":1530,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1531,"affiliations":1532,"properties":1550,"displayName":1552,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"46909cd7-9054-4b6c-86a7-80da9225d28d",[1020],[1533,1541],{"id":1534,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1535,"properties":28},"49271393-a919-41b2-891e-48c33e7e3432",{"id":1534,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1536,"slug":28,"properties":1537,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1540,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1538},{"VI":1539},"NIH Fogarty Global Health Fellow, University of California Global Health Institute, San Francisco, 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free mobile telephone intervention to support mothers in pregnancy and delivery period was tested in one sub district of Bangladesh. Qualitative research was conducted to measure the changes of mobile phone use in increasing communication for maternal and neonatal complications. In-depth interviews were conducted among twelve Community Skilled Birth Attendants and fourteen mothers along with their husbands prior to intervention. At intervention end, six Community Skilled Birth Attendants were purposively selected for in-depth interview. Semi structured interviews were conducted among all 27 Community Skilled Birth Attendants engaged in the intervention. One Focus Group Discussion was conducted with 10 recently delivered mothers. Thematic analysis and triangulation of different responses were conducted. Prior to intervention, Community Skilled Birth Attendants reported that mobile communication was not a norm. It was also revealed that poor mothers had poor accessibility to mobile services. Mothers, who communicated through mobile phone with providers noted irritability from Community Skilled Birth Attendants and sometimes found phones switched off. At the end of the project, 85% of mothers who had attended orientation sessions of the intervention communicated with Community Skilled Birth Attendants through mobile phones during maternal health complications. Once a complication is reported or anticipated over phone, Community Skilled Birth Attendants either made a prompt visit to mothers or advised for direct referral. More than 80% Community Skilled Birth Attendants communicated with Solution Linked Group for guidance on maternal health management. Prior to intervention, Solution Linked Group was not used to receive phone call from Community Skilled Birth Attendants. Community Skilled Birth Attendants were valued by the mothers. Mothers viewed that Community Skilled Birth Attendants are becoming confident in managing complication due to communication with Solution Linked Group. The use of mobile technology in this intervention took a leap from simply rendering information to providing more rapid services. Active participation of service providers along with mothers’ accessibility motivated both the service providers and mothers to communicate through mobile phone for maternal health issues. These altogether made the shift towards adoption of an innovation.",{"EN":1672},"Toll free mobile communication: overcoming barriers in maternal and neonatal emergencies in Rural Bangladesh",{"VOID":1674},"National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), MEASURE Evaluation, and ICDDR, B: Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey 2010: preliminary Results. 2012, Dhaka, Bangladesh: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), MEASURE Evaluation, and ICDDR, B\nNational Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, MEASURES DHS, Macro International: Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2007: Preliminary Report. 2007, Dhaka, Bangladesh: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, MEASURES DHS, Macro International\nRonsmans C, Graham WJ: Maternal Mortality: Who, When, Where, and Why. Lancet. 2006, 368: 1189-1200. 10.1016\u002FS0140-6736(06)69380-X.\nChowdhury RH: Multi sectoral determinants of maternal mortality in Bangladesh. 2008, http:\u002F\u002Fwww.unescap.org\u002Fesid\u002Fpsis\u002Fmeetings\u002FEGM-PIPA-2009\u002FFinalReport (Accessed 2009 Aug 10)\nCampbell OMR, Graham WJ, Lancet Maternal Survival Series steering group: Strategies for reducing maternal mortality: Getting on with what works. Lancet. 2006, 368: 1284-1299. 10.1016\u002FS0140-6736(06)69381-1.\nSyed U, Khadka N, Khan A, Wall S: Care-seeking practices in South Asia: using formative research to design program interventions to save newborn lives. J of Perinat. 2008, 28: S9-S13.\nMolesworth K: Mobility and health: the impact of transport provision on direct and proximate determinants of access to health services. 2006,http:\u002F\u002Fwww.eldis.org\u002Fgo\u002Fhealth\u002Fmaternal-health-and-transport,\nWorld Health Organization: WHO Country Cooperation Strategy 2008–2013, Bangladesh. 2007, Geneva: WHO\nYoon KH, Kim HS: A short message service by cellular phone in type 2 diabetic patients for 12 months. Diabetes Res and clin prac. 2008, 79: 256-261. 10.1016\u002Fj.diabres.2007.09.007.\nPinnocka H, Slackb R, Pagliari C, Pricec D, Sheikha A: Professional and patient attitudes to using mobile phone technology to monitor asthma: questionnaire survey. Primary Care Respir J. 2006, 15: 237-245. 10.1016\u002Fj.pcrj.2006.03.001.\nLungu K, Ratsma YEC: Does the upgrading of the radio communications network in health facilities reduce the delay in the referral of obstetric emergencies in Southern Malawi?. Malawi Med J. 2007, 19: 1-8.\nMusoke MGN: IK Notes No. 40. Maternal Health Care in Rural Uganda: Leveraging Traditional and Modern Knowledge Systems. 2002, Washington DC: World Bank\nMatthews MK, Walley RL: Working with midwives to improve maternal health in rural Ghana. Cana J of Midwifery Res Pract. 2005, 3: 24-33.\nSamai O, Sengeh P: Facilitating emergency obstetric care through transportation and communication, Bo, Sierra Leone. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1997, 59: S157-S164.\nTamrat T, Kachnowski S: Special delivery: an analysis of Health in maternal and newborn health program and their outcomes around the world. Maternal Child Health J. 2011, 10.1007\u002Fs10995-011-0836-3 online\nNoordam C, Barbara M, Kuepper BM, Stekelenburg J, Milen A: Improvement of maternal health services through the use of mobile phones. Trop Med Inter Health. 2011, 16: 622-626. 10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3156.2011.02747.x.\nKaplan WA: Can the ubiquitous power of mobile phones be used to improve health outcomes in developing countries?. Global and Health. 2006, 2: 9-10.1186\u002F1744-8603-2-9.http:\u002F\u002Fwww.globalizationandhealth.com\u002Fcontent\u002F2\u002F1\u002F9,\nKrasovec K: Auxiliary technologies related to transport and communication for obstetric emergencies. Inter J Gyn Obs. 2004, 85 (S 1): S14-S23.\nMusoke MGN: Some Information and Communication Technologies and Their Effect on Maternal Health in Rural Uganda. 1999, African Development Forum: Addis Abeba\nGrameen Telecom’s Village Phone Programme: A Multimedia Case Study. 2002,http:\u002F\u002Fwww.telecommons.com\u002Fvillagephone\u002Ffinalreport.pdf,\nHuq NL, Koehlmoos TLP, Azmi AJ, Quaiyum MA, Mahmud A, Hossain S: Use of mobile phone: Communication barriers in maternal and neonatal emergencies in rural Bangladesh. Inter J of Socio and Anthro. 2012, 4 (8): 226-237. 10.5897\u002FIJSA11.134. Available online at http:\u002F\u002Fwww.academicjournal.org\u002FIJSAISSN2006-9888@2012AcademicJournals\nRogers EM: Diffusion of innovations. 1983, New York: Free Press\nHeatwole A: Deconstructing Mobiles: Myths and Realities about Mothers and Mobile. 2009, MobileActive_org.mht\nJen WY: Mobile healthcare services in school-based health center. Int J Medi Inform. 2009, 78: 425-434. 10.1016\u002Fj.ijmedinf.2008.11.002.\nJones COH, Wasunna B, Sudoi R, Githinji S, Snow RW, Zurovac D: Even if You Know Everything You Can Forget: Health Worker Perceptions of Mobile Phone Text-Messaging to Improve Malaria Case-Management in Kenya. PLoS One. 2012, 7: e38636-10.1371\u002Fjournal.pone.0038636.\nChib A, Chen VHH: Midwives with mobiles: A dialectical perspective on gender arising from technology introduction in rural Indonesia. New Media Soc. 2011, 12: 486-501.\nMechael PN: Mobile Phones for Mother and Child Care. 2009, http:\u002F\u002Fwww.unpan1.un.org\u002Fintradoc\u002Fgroups\u002Fpublic\u002Funpan\u002Funpan037365pdf. (Accessed 2009 Feb 23)",{"VOID":1676},"10.1186\u002F1742-4755-11-52","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002F1742-4755-11-52",[1679,1694,1707,1720],{"id":1680,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1681,"affiliations":1682,"properties":1691,"displayName":1693,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"c05af9e9-8528-4c5e-a4fc-9aba81470a70",[1020],[1683],{"id":1684,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1685,"properties":28},"99da6b1c-dca0-43fb-8a8b-fe83c443a28e",{"id":1684,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1686,"slug":28,"properties":1687,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1690,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1688},{"VI":1689},"International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Mohokhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh",[],{"title":1692},{"VI":1693},"Nafisa Lira 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developing nations, the spread of STIs\u002FHIV infection continues to affect millions of young and productive population. In Ethiopia youths including university\u002Fcollege students are at greater risk of STIs including HIV infection often due to many risky sexual behaviors. Although there are some anecdotal evidences suggesting widespread unsafe sexual practices among university students, the paucity of research finding, especially in newly established public universities are the major bottle necks to commence feasible interventions. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the magnitudes and factors associated with risks for STIs\u002FHIV infections among Madawalabu university students in Southeast Ethiopia. An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from May-June 2012. A total of 390 students were selected using stratified then simple random sampling method. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with risks for STIs\u002FHIV infection. Combined risk measure showed that 51.4% of students were at risk of having STIs and\u002For HIV infection. Practicing casual sex\u002Fsex for benefits with first sexual partner (OR = 3.9[95%C.I: 1.86-8.03]), life time multiple sexual partner (had more than three sexual partners) (OR = 2.7[95%C.I: 1.13-6.28]), and number of sexual partners in the last 12 months (four and above) (OR = 4.8[95%C.I: 1.77-13.53]) showed statistically significant association with risks for STIs and\u002For HIV infection. Practicing casual sex\u002F sex for any benefit with their first sexual partner (AOR = 3.9 [95%CI: 1.80-8.50]) and multiple sexual partners in the last 12 months (four and above) (AOR = 3.7 [95%C.I: 1.15-11.80]) were found to be the independent predictors of risks for STIs and\u002For HIV infection. This study has identified risks and risk sexual behaviors for STIs and\u002For HIV infection on university students. The knowledge of the students towards STIs and\u002For HIV is unsatisfactory. More than half of the students were at risk for STIs and\u002For HIV infection. Casual\u002Fbenefit based sexual relationship with first sexual partner and having multiple sexual partners (≥4 sexual partners) in the last 12 months were independent predictors of STIs and\u002For HIV infections. Therefore, university based, risk reduction and behavior change focused interventions are recommended.",{"EN":1803},"Risks for STIs\u002FHIV infection among Madawalabu University students, Southeast Ethiopia: a cross sectional study",{"VOID":1805},"UNAIDS Reference Group on Estimates, Modeling, and Projections: Report of a meeting of the UNAIDS Reference Group on Estimates, Modeling, and Projections, Prague, Czech Republic, 29 Nov—1 Dec. Improving parameter estimation, projection methods, uncertainty estimation, and epidemic classification. 2006\nBarnett T: The Courier ACP-EU. HIV\u002FAIDS has changed the world. 2003, No 197\nUnited Nations Programme on HIV\u002FAIDS (UNAIDS) and World Health Organization (WHO): AIDS epidemic Update. 2007\nGuiella G, Madise NJ: HIV\u002FAIDS and Sexual-Risk Behaviors among Adolescents: Factors influencing the use of condoms in Burkina Faso. Afr J Reproductive Health. 2007, 11 (3): 182-196. 10.2307\u002F25549739.\nBonkole A, Singh S, Woog V: Risk and protection, youth and HIV\u002FAIDS in Sub Saharan Africa. 2004, The Alan Guttmacher Institute (AGI)\nUnited Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF): Africa’s Orphaned Generations. 2003, New York: UNICEF\nCSA (Central Statistical Agency) and ORC Macro: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2005. 2006, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, Maryland, USA: CSA and ORC Macro\nIslam QM: Family Health International (FHI). STDs: The Burden and the Challenge. Accessed on July 17, 2012; at URL: http:\u002F\u002Ffhi.org\u002Fen\u002FHIVAIDS\u002Fpub\u002FArchive\u002Farticles\u002FAIDScaptions\u002Fvolume3no1\u002FSTDsBurdenAndChallenges.htm\nTaffa N: sexuality of school youth and their knowledge about STDs and HIV \u002FADS in southern Ethiopia. Journal of health Dev. 1998, 12 (1):\nAssociation of African Universities: An HIV\u002FAIDS Toolkit for Higher Education Institutions in Africa. 2004, Johannesburg, South Africa\nDisease prevention and control department, ministry of health, AIDS in Ethiopia. 2002, fourth edition\nFederal Ministry of Health\u002FNational HIV\u002FAIDS Prevention and Control Office: AIDS in Ethiopia; Sixth report. 2006, FHAPCO\nFlavio F, Marsiglia T, Arlene R: HIV\u002FAIDS protective factors among urban American Indian youths. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2006, 17: 745-758. 10.1353\u002Fhpu.2006.0128.\nHarding A, Anadu E, Gray LA, Champeau D: Nigerian university student’s knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors about HIV\u002FAIDS: Are these students at risk?. J R Soc Health. 1999, 119 (1): 23-31. 10.1177\u002F146642409911900105.\nSallah ED, Grunitzky-Bekele M, Bassabi K: Comportements sexuels, connaissanceset attitudes des étudiants de l’Université du Bénin (Togo) face au sida et aux maladies sexuellementtransmissibles. Cahier de Santé. 1999, 9: 101-109.\nNtata P, Muula A, Siziya S: Gender differences in university students’ HIV\u002FAIDS- related knowledge and sexual behaviors in Malawi: a pilot study. SAHARA J. 2008, 5 (4): 201-205. 10.1080\u002F17290376.2008.9724920.\nMitike G, Tesfaye M, Ayele R: Round one. HIV\u002FAIDS Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BSS). 2002, Ethiopia\nTefera B, Challi J, Yoseph M: Knowledge, attitude and practice about HIV\u002FAIDs, voluntary counseling and testing among students of Jimma University, Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2004, 14: 43-53.\nTefera B, Challi J, Yoseph M: HIV Sero-prevalence among students Jimma University, Southwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2004, 14: 65-74.\nFitaw Y, Worku A: High risk sexual behavior and pattern of condom utilization of the Gondar College of Medical Sciences students, North Western Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2002, 16 (3): 335-338.\nGelibo T: Predictors of HIV Risk Preventing Behaviors among Wolaita Soddo University Students. 2010, Sodo, South Ethiopia [Masters thesis]: Jimma University\nAstale T: Substance Use, Sexual Orientation and Risky Sexual Behaviors for HIV infection Among Bahir Dar University Students. 2010, North-West Ethiopia [Masters thesis]: Jimma University\nBeyan N: Predictors of Condom use by using Health belief Model among Haramaya University Students [Masters thesis]. 2005, Haramaya University\nMirgissa K: HIV Program in Higher Training Institutions in. May 2008, Key Highlights and Ways Forward: Ethiopia\nFederal HIV\u002FAIDS Prevention and Control Office (FHAPCO): Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Report on Progress towards Implementation of the UN Declaration of Commitment on HIV\u002FAIDS. 2008, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia\nQiaoqin M, Masako O, Liming C: Behavioral and psychosocial predictors of condom use among university students in Eastern China, center for disease control and prevention of Ningbo Municipality, Ningbo. China. 2009, 21 (2): 249-259.\nEthiopian Public Health Association (EPHA): Young people’s HIV\u002FAIDS & reproductive health needs and utilization of services in selected regions of Ethiopia. 2005, Addis Ababa Ethiopia",{"VOID":1807},"10.1186\u002F1742-4755-10-38","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002F1742-4755-10-38",[1810,1825,1838,1853],{"id":1811,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1812,"affiliations":1813,"properties":1822,"displayName":1824,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"e0d16d2f-9f9d-4e48-b402-879b5e5f6019",[1020],[1814],{"id":1815,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1816,"properties":28},"c39a0a18-1b66-412b-9b44-4d761f991106",{"id":1815,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1817,"slug":28,"properties":1818,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1821,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1819},{"VI":1820},"Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia",[],{"title":1823},{"VI":1824},"Tesfaye Setegn Mengistu",{"id":1826,"sortIndex":40,"researcher":28,"roles":1827,"affiliations":1828,"properties":1835,"displayName":1837,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"bd0687bf-29e2-4dd4-aa0c-0f0f10bde3bc",[1020],[1829],{"id":1815,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1830,"properties":28},{"id":1815,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1831,"slug":28,"properties":1832,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1834,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1833},{"VI":1820},[],{"title":1836},{"VI":1837},"Abulie Takele Melku",{"id":1839,"sortIndex":123,"researcher":28,"roles":1840,"affiliations":1841,"properties":1850,"displayName":1852,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"2c9552e2-20a7-48a7-b684-3f8c00202b8f",[1020],[1842],{"id":1843,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1844,"properties":28},"db504d28-aee9-487c-bfe7-c21b2dfdf857",{"id":1843,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1845,"slug":28,"properties":1846,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1849,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1847},{"VI":1848},"Department of Public Health officer, College of Medicine and health Sciences, Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia",[],{"title":1851},{"VI":1852},"Nagasa Dida Bedada",{"id":1854,"sortIndex":42,"researcher":28,"roles":1855,"affiliations":1856,"properties":1865,"displayName":1867,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"62229ed1-a016-41c9-b3f3-a3d34065dafe",[1020],[1857],{"id":1858,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1859,"properties":28},"2e4e3f2a-63b7-4a34-9d6f-03951df2e43e",{"id":1858,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1860,"slug":28,"properties":1861,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1864,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1862},{"VI":1863},"Department of Medicine, Microbiology, Parasitology and infectious diseases unit, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia",[],{"title":1866},{"VI":1867},"Begna Tulu Eticha",{"url":1808,"publisher":1869,"properties":1921},{"id":868,"createTime":869,"updateTime":870,"relativeEntities":1870,"slug":872,"properties":1871,"entityType":25,"verifyStatus":878,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":32,"subjectFields":1874,"manageAffiliations":1883,"indexDatabases":1894,"url":28,"thumbnailPath":28,"statistic":1916,"gsStatistic":28,"type":28,"analyzePriority":28},[],{"title":1872,"eissn":1873},{"EN":875},{"VOID":877},[1875,1879],{"id":881,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1876,"label":1877,"description":1878,"parentId":28,"standard":28,"scholarHubFieldId":28},[],{"EN":884},{},{"id":887,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1880,"label":1881,"description":1882,"parentId":28,"standard":28,"scholarHubFieldId":28},[],{"EN":890},{},[1884,1889],{"id":894,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1885,"slug":28,"properties":1886,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1888,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1887},{"EN":898},[],{"id":901,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1890,"slug":28,"properties":1891,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1893,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1892},{"EN":905},[],[1895,1902,1909],{"id":909,"indexDatabase":1896,"url":915,"indexYears":916,"academicFieldIds":1901,"indexDatabaseRanking":920},{"id":786,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1897,"label":1898,"description":1899,"key":792,"publicationTags":1900,"standard":28},[],{"EN":789,"VI":789},{"EN":789,"VI":791},[794],[918,919],{"id":922,"indexDatabase":1903,"url":934,"indexYears":28,"academicFieldIds":1908,"indexDatabaseRanking":28},{"id":924,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1904,"label":1905,"description":1906,"key":931,"publicationTags":1907,"standard":28},[],{"EN":927,"VI":927},{"EN":929,"VI":930},[933,813],[936],{"id":938,"indexDatabase":1910,"url":934,"indexYears":28,"academicFieldIds":1915,"indexDatabaseRanking":28},{"id":940,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1911,"label":1912,"description":1913,"key":947,"publicationTags":1914,"standard":28},[],{"EN":943,"VI":943},{"EN":945,"VI":946},[949,813],[936],{"impactFactor":32,"impactFactorByYear":1917,"i10Index":359,"i10IndexLast5Year":201,"totalPublication":959,"totalPublicationByYear":1918,"totalCitation":964,"totalCitationByYear":1919,"totalCitationPerPublication":979,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1920,"hindexLast5Year":353,"hindex":353},{"2012":953,"2013":954,"2014":955,"2015":956,"2016":367,"2017":957,"2018":709,"2019":227,"2020":366,"2021":958,"2022":114,"2023":293},{"2004":45,"2005":145,"2006":49,"2007":205,"2008":205,"2009":146,"2010":129,"2011":136,"2012":132,"2013":353,"2014":829,"2015":601,"2016":574,"2017":961,"2018":282,"2019":331,"2020":210,"2021":962,"2022":963,"2023":354,"2024":140},{"2004":132,"2005":566,"2007":566,"2008":48,"2009":50,"2010":966,"2011":967,"2012":968,"2013":969,"2014":970,"2015":971,"2016":972,"2017":973,"2018":974,"2019":975,"2020":976,"2021":977,"2022":978},{"2004":49,"2005":981,"2007":357,"2008":227,"2009":982,"2010":983,"2011":984,"2012":985,"2013":986,"2014":987,"2015":988,"2016":989,"2017":48,"2018":990,"2019":991,"2020":992,"2021":993,"2022":955},{"pages":1922,"volume":1923},{"VOID":1656},{"VOID":1924},"10","2013-08-01",2013,[949,920,933],{"id":1929,"createTime":1930,"updateTime":1931,"relativeEntities":1932,"slug":1933,"properties":1934,"entityType":1013,"verifyStatus":26,"verifyTime":1931,"verifyNote":1014,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":32,"primaryUrl":1943,"fullTextUrl":28,"authors":1944,"publicationType":1068,"publisherRelationship":2044,"citationCount":28,"citationInfo":28,"publishDate":2101,"publishYear":1791,"citationAnalyzeStatus":878,"lastCitationAnalyze":28,"indexDatabases":2102,"openAccess":28,"references":28,"isForceReanalyzing":1130},"0237358b-6bc8-46d4-859e-7f533189c9d2","2023-12-25T15:04:26.361+00:00","2024-12-09T14:38:24.792+00:00",[],"Medicaid-spending-on-contraceptive-coverage-and-pregnancy-related-care",{"abstract":1935,"title":1937,"references":1939,"doi":1941},{"EN":1936},"Up to 50% of pregnancies are unintended in the United States, and the healthcare costs associated with pregnancy are the most expensive among hospitalized conditions. The current study aims to assess Medicaid spending on various methods of contraception and on pregnancy care including unintended pregnancies. We analyzed Medicaid health claims data from 2004 to 2010. Women 14–49 years of age initiating contraceptive methods and pregnant women were included as separate cohorts. Medicaid spending was summarized using mean all-cause and contraceptive healthcare payments per patient per month (PPPM) over a follow-up period of up to 12 months. Medicaid payments were also estimated in 2008 per female member of childbearing age per month (PFCPM) and per member per month (PMPM). Medicaid payments on unintended pregnancies were also evaluated PFCPM and PMPM in 2008. For short-acting reversible contraception (SARC) users, all-cause payments and contraceptive payments PPPM were respectively $365 and $18.3 for oral contraceptive (OC) users, $308 and $19.9 for transdermal users, $215 and $21.6 for vaginal ring users, and $410 and $8.8 for injectable users. For long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) users (follow-up of 9–10 months), corresponding payments were $194 and $36.8 for IUD users, and $237 and $29.9 for implant users. Pregnancy cohort all-cause mean healthcare payments PPPM were $610. Payments PFCPM and PMPM for contraceptives were $1.44 and $0.54, while corresponding costs of pregnancies were estimated at $39.91 and $14.81, respectively. Payments PFCPM and PMPM for contraceptives represented a small fraction at 6.56% ($1.44\u002F$21.95) and 6.63% ($0.54\u002F$8.15), respectively of the estimated payments for unintended pregnancy. This study of a large sample of Medicaid beneficiaries demonstrated that, over a follow-up period of 12 months, Medicaid payments for pregnancy were considerably higher than payments for either SARC or LARC users. Healthcare payments for contraceptives represented a small proportion of payments for unintended pregnancy when considering the overall Medicaid population perspective in 2008.",{"EN":1938},"Medicaid spending on contraceptive coverage and pregnancy-related care",{"VOID":1940},"Wier LM, Andrews RM: The National Hospital Bill: the most Expensive Conditions by Payer, 2008. HCUP Statistical Brief #107. 2011, Rockville, MD: Agency for Health Care Research and Quality\nSonfield A, Pollack HA: The affordable care Act and reproductive health: potential gains and serious challenges. J Health Polit Policy Law. 2013, 38: 373-391. 10.1215\u002F03616878-1966342.\nSonfield A, Kost K, Gold RB, Finer LB: The public costs of births resulting from unintended pregnancies: national and state-level estimates. Perspec Sex Reprod Health. 2011, 43: 94-102. 10.1363\u002F4309411.\nSonfield A, Kost K: Public Costs from Unintended Pregnancies and the Role of Public Insurance Programs in Paying for Pregnancy and Infant Care: Estimates for 2008. 2013, New York: Guttmacher Institute\nFiner LB, Zolna MR: Unintended pregnancy in the United States: incidence and disparities, 2006. Contraception. 2011, 84: 478-485. 10.1016\u002Fj.contraception.2011.07.013.\nVentura SJ, Curtin SC, Abma JC: Estimated pregnancy rates and rates of pregnancy outcomes for the United States, 1990–2008. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2012, 60: 1-22.\nKost K, Landry DJ, Darroch JE: Predicting maternal behaviors during pregnancy: does intention status matter?. Fam Plann Perspect. 1998, 30: 79-88. 10.2307\u002F2991664.\nDott M, Rasmussen SA, Hogue CJ, Reefhuis J: Association between pregnancy intention and reproductive-health related behaviors before and after pregnancy recognition, National birth defects prevention study, 1997–2002. Matern Child Health J. 2010, 14: 373-381. 10.1007\u002Fs10995-009-0458-1.\nHellerstedt WL, Pirie PL, Lando HA, Curry SJ, McBride CM, Grothaus LC, Nelson JC: Differences in preconceptional and prenatal behaviors in women with intended and unintended pregnancies. Am J Public Health. 1998, 88: 663-666. 10.2105\u002FAJPH.88.4.663.\nThiel de Bocanegra H, Chang R, Howell M, Darney P: Interpregnancy intervals: impact of postpartum contraceptive effectiveness and coverage. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013, [Epub ahead of print]\nThe Best Intentions: Unintended Pregnancy and the Well-being of Children and Families. Edited by: Brown S, Eisenberg L. 1995, Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 50-90.\nGoldin C, Katz LF: The power of the pill: oral con-traceptives and women’s career and marriage decisions. J Polit Econ. 2002, 110 (4): 730-770. 10.1086\u002F340778.\nGipson JD, Koenig MA, Hindin MJ: The effects of unintended pregnancy on infant, child, and parental health: a review of the literature. Stud Fam Plann. 2008, 39: 18-38. 10.1111\u002Fj.1728-4465.2008.00148.x.\nFoster DG, Rostovtseva DP, Brindis CD, Biggs MA, Hulett D, Darney PD: Cost savings from the provision of specific methods of contraception in a publicly funded program. Am J Public Health. 2009, 99: 446-451. 10.2105\u002FAJPH.2007.129353.\nFrost JJ, Henshaw SK, Sonfield A: Contraceptive Needs and Services: National and State Data, 2008 update. 2010, New York: Guttmacher Institute\nTrussell J, Lalla AM, Doan QV, Reyes E, Pinto L, Gricar J: Cost effectiveness of contraceptives in the United States. Contraception. 2009, 79: 5-14. 10.1016\u002Fj.contraception.2008.08.003.\nFiner LB, Sonfield A: The evidence mounts on the benefits of preventing unintended pregnancy. Contraception. 2013, 87: 126-127. 10.1016\u002Fj.contraception.2012.12.005.\nRosenberg M, Waugh M, Burnhill M: Compliance, counseling and satisfaction with oral contraceptives: a prospective evaluation. Fam Plann Perspect. 1998, 30: 89-10.2307\u002F2991665.\nKost K, Singh S, Vaughan B, Trussell J, Bankole A: Estimates of contraceptive failure from the 2002 national survey of family growth. Contraception. 2008, 77: 10-21. 10.1016\u002Fj.contraception.2007.09.013.\nWinner B, Peipert JF, Zhao Q, Buckel C, Madden T, Allsworth JE, Secura GM: Effectiveness of long-acting reversible contraception. N Engl J Med. 2012, 366: 1998-2007. 10.1056\u002FNEJMoa1110855.\nSecura GM, Allsworth JE, Madden T, Mullersman JL, Peipert JF: The Contraceptive CHOICE Project: reducing barriers to long-acting reversible contraception. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010, 203: 115-e1-115.e7\nHolahan J, Buettgens M, Carroll C, Dorn SS: The Cost and Coverage Implications of the ACA Medicaid Expansion: National and State-by-State Analysis 2012. 2012, Kaiser Family Foundation: The Urban Institute\nCharlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, Mackenzie CR: A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987, 40: 373-383. 10.1016\u002F0021-9681(87)90171-8.\nMirkin D, Murphy-Barron C, Iwasaki K: Actuarial analysis of private payer administrative claims data for women with endometriosis. J Manag Care Pharm. 2007, 13: 262-272.\nFitch K, Johnson R, Pyenson B: Cost of contraceptive coverage and pregnancy care: an actuarial analysis. J Manag Care Pharm. 2011, 17: 242-\nFiner LB, Kost K: Unintended pregnancy rates at the state level. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2011, 43: 78-87. 10.1363\u002F4307811.\nJones J, Mosher W, Daniels K: Current Contraceptive Use in the United States, 2006–2010, and Changes in Patterns of Use Since 1995. 2012, Hyattsville, MD: National Health Statistics Reports Number 60\nFiner LB, Jerman J, Kavanaugh ML: Changes in use of long-acting contraceptive methods in the United States, 2007–2009. Fertil Steril. 2012, 98: 893-897. 10.1016\u002Fj.fertnstert.2012.06.027.\nOECD Family Database: SF2.3: Mean Age of Mothers at first Childbirth. Available at http:\u002F\u002Fwww.oecd.org\u002Fsocial\u002Ffamily\u002Fdatabase. Accessed January 10, 2014\nNICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 30: Long-acting Reversible Contraception: The Effective and Appropriate Use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception. National Collaborating Centre for Women’s and Children’s Health (UK). 2005, London (UK): RCOG Press, Oct\nKaiser Family Foundation: Medicaid’s Role for Women Across the Lifespan: Current Issues and the Impact of the Affordable Care Act. Menlo Park, CA: The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Publication #7213-03 2012\nNearns J: Health insurance coverage and prescription contraceptive use among young women at risk for unintended pregnancy. Contraception. 2009, 79: 105-110. 10.1016\u002Fj.contraception.2008.08.004.\nCulwell KR, Feinglass J: The Association of health insurance with use of prescription contraceptives. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2007, 39: 226-230. 10.1363\u002F3922607.\nCulwell KR, Feinglass J: Changes in prescription contraceptive use, 1995–2002: the effect of insurance status. Obstet Gynecol. 2007, 110: 1371-1378. 10.1097\u002F01.AOG.0000290329.13293.84.\nRanji U, Salganicoff A: State Medicaid Coverage of Family Planning Services: Summary of State Survey Findings. 2009, Washington, DC: The Kaiser Family Foundation and the George Washington University Medical Center, School of Public Health and Health Services, Department of Health Policy, Publication #8015 November",{"VOID":1942},"10.1186\u002F1742-4755-11-20","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002F1742-4755-11-20",[1945,1960,1973,1988,2003,2016,2029],{"id":1946,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1947,"affiliations":1948,"properties":1957,"displayName":1959,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"003361cd-50ef-42d4-87ec-562742732e0d",[1020],[1949],{"id":1950,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1951,"properties":28},"16ab2870-7811-4bb2-b7ad-1f6e424f8883",{"id":1950,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1952,"slug":28,"properties":1953,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1956,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1954},{"VI":1955},"Groupe d’analyse Ltée, Montréal, Canada",[],{"title":1958},{"VI":1959},"François 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genital mutilation (FGM) can give rise to immediate and long-term health problems for girls\u002Fwomen. Numerous studies have identified the sociocultural determinants of this tradition, but so far, in a national context where FGM is highly practiced, virtually none have focused on people refusing to have their daughters cut. We therefore aimed to understand the sociocultural dynamics underlying the non-practice of FGM in Guinea, a country which has one of the most prevalent rates of this practice in the world. This research explored the demographic and sociocultural profiles of Guineans who do not practice FGM, as well as their non-practice experience in a context of high FGM prevalence and social pressure. We used a “focused ethnography” methodology and conducted semi-structured individual interviews with 30 women and men from different generations (young adults, parents, grandparents) living in Conakry, Guinea. We found that participants 1) do not disclose their non-practicing status in the same way, and 2) have different experiences with social pressure. A typology was created to describe participants as per their various profiles and experiences, which we named as: 1) the “activists”, 2) the “discrete”, 3) the “courageous”, 4) the “strategists”. Wanting to stop practicing FGM is not enough. The main empowering conditions allowing people to enact their decision not to have their daughters undergo FGM are: benefiting from social support (positive social capital), or being financially independent from the traditional solidarity network (sufficient economic capital). We therefore recommend finding ways to increase women’s\u002Ffamilies’ empowerment to enact their decision not to practice FGM, mainly by: 1) providing them with new sources of social support, and 2) supporting them to gain more financial independence, including through schooling and improved access to better-paid employment. This study was the first to explore the experience of people who do not practice FGM in a context of high FGM prevalence and social pressure. The results and recommendations of this research can inform strategies for FGM abandonment and therefore contribute to improving or developing intervention strategies that promote the health and well-being of girls and women.",{"EN":2113},"Beyond will: the empowerment conditions needed to abandon female genital mutilation in Conakry (Guinea), a focused ethnography",{"VOID":2115},"World Health Organization. Female genital mutilation (fact sheet). 2020. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fnews-room\u002Ffact-sheets\u002Fdetail\u002Ffemale-genital-mutilation. Accessed 4 Feb 2020.\nAndro A, Lesclingand M. Female genital mutilation. Overview and current knowledge. Institut National d’Études Démographiques. Population. 2016;71:217–96.\nInstitut National de la Statistique (INS) et ICF. Enquête démographique et de santé en Guinée 2018 : Indicateurs clés Conakry, Guinée, et Rockville, Maryland, États-Unis d’Amérique; 2018.\nMulongo P, Hollins Martin C, McAndrew S. The psychological impact of female genital mutilation\u002Fcutting (FGM\u002FC) on girls\u002Fwomen’s mental health: a narrative literature review. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2014;32(5):469–85.\nUNICEF. Female genital mutilation\u002Fcutting: A global concern. 2016.\nUNICEF. Female Genital Mutilation\u002FCutting: A statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change. New York: UNICEF; 2013. 186 pages.\nAfrican Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. Protocol to the African charter on human and peoples' rights on the rights of women in Africa; 2003. 32 pages.\nOrganisation of African Unity. African charter on the rights and welfare of the child. Addis-Abeba; 1990.\nBarry AAB. La perpétuation des MGF en Guinée – Analyse socio-anthropologique des déterminants. Guinée: Université Général Lansana Conté de Sonfonia; 2015.\nDoucet MH, Pallitto C, Groleau D. Understanding the motivations of health-care providers in performing female genital mutilation: an integrative review of the literature. BMC Reprod Health. 2017;14(1):46.\nMarsh DR, Schroeder DG, Dearden KA, Sternin J, Sternin M. The power of positive deviance. Br Med J. 2004;329(7475):1177–9.\nNjue C, Askew I. Medicalization of female genital cutting among the Abagusii in Nyanza Province, Kenya. Frontiers in reproductive health program. Washington DC: Population Council; 2004.\nNutrition Working Group, Child Survival Collaborations and Resources Group (CORE). Positive deviance \u002F hearth: a resource guide for sustainably rehabilitating malnourished children. Washington, DC; 2002.\nPopulation Council. Female genital mutilation abandonment program – evaluation summary report. 2008.\nInstitut National de la Statistique (INS) et ICF. Enquête démographique et de santé en Guinée 2018. Edited by ICF Ie. Conakry, Guinée, et Rockville, Maryland, United States of America; 2019.\nBarry AAB. Guinée: l’impact des stratégies de promotion de l’abandon des mutilations génitales féminines. Guinée: Université Général Lansana Conté de Sonfonia; 2017.\nGouvernement de la République de Guinée. Code de l'enfant guinéen (LOI L\u002F2008\u002F011\u002FAN du 19 août 2008) – Section VII : Des violences exercées à l'encontre des enfants – Article 405 – Les mutilations génitales féminines. Conakry; 2008.\nGouvernement de la République de Guinée – Ministère de la Justice. Nouveau code pénal – Section II : Des mutilations génitales féminines (Articles 258–261).; 2016. p. 87–8.\nBarry AAB. Étude sur la perception des bénéfices que les femmes et les communautés trouvent dans la pratique des MGF. Guinée: Université Général Lansana Conté de Sonfonia; 2019.\nBourdieu P. Distinction: a social critique of the judgement of taste. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; 1984.\nYoder PS, Mahy M. Female genital cutting in Guinea: qualitative and quantitative research strategies. DHS analytical studies no 5. Calverton: ORC Macro; 2001.\nKnoblauch H. Focused Ethnography. Forum: Qualitative Social Research 2005, 6(3).\nTriandis HC. Individualism-collectivism and personality. J Pers. 2001;69(6):907–24.\nVan Bavel H, Coene G, Leye E. Changing practices and shifting meanings of female genital cutting among the Maasai of Arusha and Manyara regions of Tanzania. Cult Health Sex. 2017;19(12):1344–59.\nGreen J, Thorogood N. Qualitative methods for Health Research. 3rd ed. London: Sage Publishing; 2014.\nHigginbottom GMA, Pillay JJ, Boadu NY. Guidance on performing focused ethnographies with an emphasis on healthcare research. Qual Rep. 2013;18(9):1–16.\nMiles MB, Huberman AM, Saldana J. Qualitative data analysis : a methods sourcebook. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications; 2014.\nMaxwell JA. Using numbers in qualitative research. Qual Inq. 2010;16(6):475–82.\nBourdieu P. The forms of capital. In: Richardson J, editor. Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education. New York: Greenwood; 1986. p. 46–58.\nBourdieu P. Les trois états du capital culturel. Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales. 1979;30:3–6.\nVuarin R, Leimdorfer F, Werner JF, Gérard E, Tiékoura O. L'Afrique des individus. Itinéraires citadins dans l’Afrique contemporaine (Abidjan, Bamako, Dakar, Niamey), Édition Karthala. Paris; 1997.\nKirmayer LJ, Sehdev M, Whitley R, Dandeneau SF, Isaac C. Community resilience: Models, metaphors and measures. J Aborig Health. 2009;5(1):62–117.\nKirchherr J, Charles K. Enhancing the sample diversity of snowball samples: recommendations from a research project on anti-dam movements in Southeast Asia. PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0201710.\nGouvernement de la République de Guinée. Code de l’enfant guinéen (LOI L\u002F2008\u002F011\u002FAN du 19 août 2008). Conakry; 2008.\nSutton J, Austin Z. Qualitative research: data collection, analysis, and management. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2015;68(3):226–31.\nRitchie J, Spencer L. Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In: Bryman A, Burgess RG, editors. Analyzing qualitative data; 1994. p. 173–94.\nSeale C, Silverman D. Ensuring rigour in qualitative research. Eur J Pub Health. 1997;7(4):379–84.\nWhittemore R, Chase SK, Mandle CL. Validity in qualitative research. Qual Health Res. 2001;11(4):522–37.\nO'Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9):1245–51.\nTriandis HC. The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychol Rev. 1989;96(3):506–20.\nTriandis HC, Gelfand MJ. Converging measurement of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998;74(1):118–28.\nBouju J, De Bruijn M. Violences structurelles et violences systémiques. La violence ordinaire des rapports sociaux en Afrique. Bulletin de l'APAD. 2008:27–8. http:\u002F\u002Fjournals.openedition.org\u002Fapad\u002F3673.\nMackie G. Ending Footbinding and infibulation: a convention account. Am Sociol Rev. 1996;61(6):999–1017.\nMackie G. Female genital cutting: the beginning of the end. In: Shell-Duncan B, Hernlund Y, editors. Female \"circumcision\" in Africa: culture, controversy, and change. Boulder: Lynne Rienner; 2000. p. 253–81.\nShell-Duncan B, Wander K, Hernlund Y, Moreau A. Dynamics of change in the practice of female genital cutting in Senegambia: testing predictions of social convention theory. Soc Sci Med. 2011;73(8):1275–83.\nVan Bavel H. At the intersection of place, gender, and ethnicity: changes in female circumcision among Kenyan Maasai. Gend Place Cult. 2019:1–22. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1080\u002F0966369X.2019.1615415.\nCentral Intelligence Agency (CIA). The World FactBook – Africa: Guinea. 2019. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cia.gov\u002Flibrary\u002Fpublications\u002Fthe-world-factbook\u002Fgeos\u002Fgv.html. Accessed 7 Nov 2019.\nDembélé M, Oertli A, Woehrel A. Rapport de mission en Guinée du 7 au 18 novembre 2017. France: Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides (OFPRA) avec la participation de la Cour nationale du droit d’asile (CNDA); 2018.\nMpinga EK, Macias A, Hasselgard-Rowe J, Kandala N-B, Félicien TK, Verloo H, Bukonda NKZ, Chastonay P. Female genital mutilation: a systematic review of research on its economic and social impacts across four decades. Glob Health Action. 2016;9:31489.\nBoyle E. Female genital cutting: cultural conflict in the global community. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; 2002.\nShell-Duncan B, Hernlund Y. Are there \"stages of change\" in the practice of female genital cutting?: qualitative research findings from Senegal and the Gambia. Afr J Reprod Health. 2006;10(2):57–71.\nFassin D. 1. L'ordre moral du monde – Essai d'anthropologie de l'intolérable. In: Bourdelais Patrice P, Fassin D, editors. Les constructions de l'intolérable. Études d'anthropologie et d'histoire sur les frontières de l'espace moral. La Découverte | « Recherches ». Paris; 2005. p. 17–50.\nMayoux L. Tackling the down side: social capital, Women’s empowerment and micro-finance in Cameroon. Dev Chang. 2001;32(3):435–64.\nNega F, Mathijs E, Deckers J, Tollens E. Gender, social capital and empowerment in northern Ethiopia. Munich Personal RePEc Archive; 2009. (Paper No. 24629).\nWorld Bank. Guinea: the economic benefits of a gender inclusive society. Washington, DC: United States of America; 2019.\nHaut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’homme. Rapport sur les droits humains et la pratique des mutilations génitales féminines\u002Fexcision en Guinée. 2016.\nBourdieu P. Choses dites. Paris: Les Éditions de minuit; 1987.",{"VOID":2117},"10.1186\u002Fs12978-020-00910-1","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12978-020-00910-1",[2120,2135,2159,2172],{"id":2121,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":2122,"affiliations":2123,"properties":2132,"displayName":2134,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"084b0a58-b475-4f6d-a81b-19c93a1903ff",[1020],[2124],{"id":2125,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":2126,"properties":28},"d73de511-b00d-40e3-a1ba-d7bddf97a40f",{"id":2125,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":2127,"slug":28,"properties":2128,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":2131,"statistic":28},[],{"title":2129},{"VI":2130},"McGill University, Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Montreal, Canada",[],{"title":2133},{"VI":2134},"Marie-Hélène 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and reproductive health (SRH) literacy allows young adults to make informed decisions about health outcomes. In Peru, roughly one fifth of the population lives in rural areas, and little is known about where young adults in rural areas get their SRH information. The aim of this study was to identify what motivates and influences young adults to seek information and care related to SRH in three rural communities in the highlands of Northern Peru. Five gender-stratified focus group discussions with a total of 24 participants, and nine follow-up interviews were conducted to generate in-depth narrative data and triangulate data from the target group. Participants were women and men aged 18–24. The focus group discussions and interviews explored sources of reproductive health information, the role of informal social networks, barriers to care, and primary health concerns of the target population. Main findings include: (1) The two greatest perceived SRH risks were unwanted pregnancy and abnormal discharge; (2) There appears to be limited concern about HIV or other sexually transmitted infections in the narratives; (3) There is a low quality of information concerning SRH, with discrepancies between the genders; (4) A broad spectrum of sources for SRH information were cited, including Internet, traditional healers, and specialized care; and varied by gender and life experience; (5) Having trust in the information source was the primary variable associated with uptake of services and\u002For access to information for both men and women. However, men reported more embarrassment around seeking services and information, whereas women faced more physical barriers. There is a lack of SRH information among young adults in some communities in the northern highlands of Peru. Both schools and health centers were noted as being trusted and established information sources for all genders so could be a key resource to explore as a way to disseminate information. Access to reliable and accurate information about sexual and reproductive health (SRH) allows people to make educated and informed decisions about their reproductive choices. This can lead to more desirable outcomes, including lower rates of teen pregnancy. Access to SRH information is not universal and can be impacted by various factors including politics, religion, and culture. Much of what is known about SRH in the rural regions of Peru comes from the national census data, which is collected through surveys and does not allow for open ended answers. Our study held in-depth interviews with young adults in the Amazonas department of Peru to get a better understanding about what SRH concerns they have and where they learn about SRH information. The study findings showed a limited level of SRH knowledge in this community in Peru. Having trust in a person is the most important factor participants considered when deciding where to seek information from. Participants cited parents, particularly mothers, teachers, and the internet as trusted SRH information sources, none of which were necessarily reliable. There was widespread agreement among the participants, that their opposite gender had better access to SRH information. Though results varied between male and female participants, with men being less willing to seek information and women facing more physical barriers to access. In conclusion, more reliable and consistent options for adolescents to learn about SRH are needed. Established networks of trusted sources, like schools and clinics, could be utilized when considering dissemination.",{"EN":2264},"Seeking information and services associated with reproductive health among rural Peruvian young adults: exploratory qualitative research from Amazonas, Peru",{"EN":2266},"",{"VOID":2268},"Secretaría Nacional de la Juventud (SENAJU), Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI). Informe Nacional de las Juventudes en el Peru 2018–2019. 2019. https:\u002F\u002Fjuventud.gob.pe\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2019\u002F10\u002FInforme-Nacional-de-Juventud.pdf\nBayer AM, Cabrera LZ, Gilman RH, Hindin MJ, Tsui AO. Family and peer support matter for precoital and coital behaviors among adolescents in Lima. J Adolesc. 2014;37(8):1309–18. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.adolescence.2014.09.010.\nBayer AM, Tsui AO, Hindin MJ. Constrained choices: adolescents speak on sexuality in Peru. Cult Health Sex. 2010;12(7):771–82. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1080\u002F13691058.2010.488299.\nCáceres CF, Rosasco AM, Mandel JS, Hearst N. Evaluating a school-based intervention for STD\u002FAIDS prevention in Peru. J Adolesc Health. 1994;15(7):582–91. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F1054-139x(94)90143-q.\nMaiorana A, Kegeles S, Fernandez P, Salazar X, Cáceres C, Sandoval C, Rosasco AM, Coates T, NIMH Collaborative HIV\u002FSTI Prevention Trial Group. Implementation and evaluation of an HIV\u002FSTD intervention in Peru. Eval Program Plann. 2007;30(1):82–93. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.evalprogplan.2006.10.004. (Epub 2006 Dec 4).\nMontes M, Duran R. Sexual health: some young people’s views in Lima, Peru. AIDS STD Health Promot Exch. 1996;3:10.\nPalomino N, Padilla MR, Talledo BD, Mazuelos CG, Carda J, Bayer AM. The social constructions of unwanted pregnancy and abortion in Lima. Peru Glob Public Health. 2011;6(Suppl 1):S73-89. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1080\u002F17441692.2011.590813. (Epub 2011 Jul 6).\nBussalleu A, Pizango P, King N, Ford J, I H A C C Research Team, Harper SL. Kaniuwatewara (when we get sick): understanding health-seeking behaviours among the Shawi of the Peruvian Amazon. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1552. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12889-021-11574-2.\nInstituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. Perú: Amazonas: Principales Indicadores. Lima, Perú: INEI; 2019\nInstituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. Perú: Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar—ENDES 2015. Lima, Perú: INEI; 2016\nWorld Bank Group. (2021). Combating gender-based violence in Peru: Increasing awareness and resources to prevent violence against women. World Bank. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.worldbank.org\u002Fen\u002Fresults\u002F2021\u002F04\u002F13\u002Fcombating-gender-based-violence-in-peru-increasing-awareness-and-resources-to-prevent-violence-against-women\nShannon GD, Motta A, Cáceres CF, Skordis-Worrall J, Bowie D, Prost A. ¿Somos iguales? Using a structural violence framework to understand gender and health inequities from an intersectional perspective in the Peruvian Amazon. Glob Health Action. 2017;10(sup2):1330458. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1080\u002F16549716.2017.1330458.\nHayes Constant TK, Winkler JL, Bishop A, Taboada Palomino LG. Perilous uncertainty: situating women’s breast-health seeking in Northern Peru. Qual Health Res. 2014;24(6):811–23. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1177\u002F1049732314529476. (Epub 2014 Apr 18).\nMotta A, et al. De la normativa a la práctica: la política de educación sexual y su implementación en el Perú. New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2017.\nWeinert CB, Mary E. Rural health and health-seeking behaviors. Annu Rev Nurs Res. 1994;12:65–92.\nGarcia-Cosavalente HP, Wood LE, Obregon R. Health information seeking behavior among rural and urban Peruvians: variations in information resource access and preferences. Inf Dev. 2010;26(1):37–45. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1177\u002F0266666909358640.\nDevers KJ, Frankel RM. Study design in qualitative research–2: Sampling and data collection strategies. Educ Health. 2000;13(2):263–71.\nDebus M. Handbook for Excellend in Focus Group Research. In Porter\u002FNovelli (Ed.), (pp. 70). Washington, D.C.: Academy for Educational Development; 1986\nPan American Health Organization \u002F World Health Organization. Zika - Epidemiological Report Peru. September 2017. Washington, D.C.: PAHO\u002FWHO; 2017\nPost, C. (2016). Peru declares Zika emergency in 11 states. https:\u002F\u002Fperureports.com\u002Fperu-declares-zika-emergency-11-states\u002F4228\u002F. Accessed 02 Mar 2021,\nInstituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. Perú: Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar—ENDES 2018. Lima, Perú: INEI; 2019\nSUNAT, S. (n.d.). Directorio de Cabinas de Internet. Retrieved from https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sunat.gob.pe\u002Forientacion\u002FcabinasInternet\u002FdirCabinas.htm.\nPerez-Lu JE, Guerrero F, Cárcamo CP, Alburqueque M, Chiappe M, Hindin MJ, Habib N, Say L, Gonsalves L, Bayer AM. The ARMADILLO text message intervention to improve the sexual and reproductive health knowledge of adolescents in Peru: results of a randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(2): e0262986. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pone.0262986.\nGodia PM, Olenja JM, Lavussa JA, et al. Sexual reproductive health service provision to young people in Kenya; health service providers’ experiences. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013;13:476. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002F1472-6963-13-476.\nRamella M. Taking part: a study of adolescent sexual health promotion in Peru. (Ph.D.), London School of Economics and Political Science.\nNyblade L, Stockton MA, Giger K, Bond V, Ekstrand ML, Lean RM, Mitchell EMH, Nelson RE, Sapag JC, Siraprapasiri T, Turan J, Wouters E. Stigma in health facilities: why it matters and how we can change it. BMC Med. 2019;17(1):25. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12916-019-1256-2.\nOkereke CI. Unmet reproductive health needs and health-seeking behaviour of adolescents in Owerri, Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health. 2010;14(1):43–54.\nPastorius Benziger C, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Miranda JJ, Bukhman G. Sex differences in health care-seeking behavior for acute coronary syndrome in a low income country, Peru. Crit Pathw Cardiol. 2011;10(2):99–103. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1097\u002FHPC.0b013e318223e375.\nAbubakar A, Van Baar A, Fischer R, Bomu G, Gona JK, Newton CR. Socio-cultural determinants of health-seeking behaviour on the Kenyan coast: a qualitative study. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(11): e71998. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pone.0071998.\nQuiroz Díaz NAH, Alberto Gil (2009). Actitudes e informacion del varon relacionados a la aceptacion de metodos anticonceptivo en zonas urbano- Marginales de Trujillo. [Attitudes of male and information relating to the acceptance of contraceptive methods in urban areas- marginal de Trujillo]. Revista Salud, Sexualidad y Sociedad, 1(4).\nEducacion en Red. (2018, June 29). Colectivo “con mis hijos no te metas” arremete contra el minedu. EDUCACIONENRED.PE. https:\u002F\u002Fnoticia.educacionenred.pe\u002F2018\u002F06\u002Fcolectivo-con-mis-hijos-no-te-metas-arremete-minedu-153318.html\nBispo Júnior JP. Social desirability bias in qualitative health research. Rev Saude Publica. 2022;56:101. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.11606\u002Fs1518-8787.2022056004164.\nFisher AA, Laing JE, Stoeckel JE, Townsend J. Handbook for family planning operations research design. 2nd ed. New York: Population Council; 1991. p. 47–52.\nDebus M. Handbook for Excellence in Focus Group Research. Washington D.C: Academy for Educational Development; 1990. p. 29–50.",{"VOID":2270},"10.1186\u002Fs12978-024-01769-2","https:\u002F\u002Freproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12978-024-01769-2",[2273,2288,2303,2318,2331],{"id":2274,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":2275,"affiliations":2276,"properties":2285,"displayName":2287,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"2116a71d-c550-4330-a302-85905d0b4819",[1020],[2277],{"id":2278,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":2279,"properties":28},"c431eb43-26ec-4d49-add3-6b16806ca07d",{"id":2278,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":2280,"slug":28,"properties":2281,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":2284,"statistic":28},[],{"title":2282},{"VI":2283},"Department of Global Health Systems & Development, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA",[],{"title":2286},{"VI":2287},"Molly F. 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The Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) program is a partnership between Moi University, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital and a consortium of 11 North American academic institutions. AMPATH currently provides care to 85,000 HIV-positive individuals in western Kenya. Included in this analysis were adolescents aged 10–19 enrolled in AMPATH between January 2005 and February 2017. Socio-demographic, behavioural, and clinical data at baseline and time-updated antiretroviral treatment (ART) data were extracted from the electronic medical records and summarized using descriptive statistics. Follow up time was defined as time of inclusion in the cohort until the date of first pregnancy or age 20, loss to follow up, death, or administrative censoring. Adolescent pregnancy rates and associated risk factors were determined. There were 8565 adolescents eligible for analysis. Median age at enrolment in HIV care was 14.0 years. Only 17.7% had electricity at home and 14.4% had piped water, both indicators of a high level of poverty. 12.9% (1104) were pregnant at study inclusion. Of those not pregnant at enrolment, 5.6% (448) became pregnant at least once during follow-up. Another 1.0% (78) were pregnant at inclusion and became pregnant again during follow-up. The overall pregnancy incidence rate was 21.9 per 1000 woman years or 55.8 pregnancies per 1000 women. Between 2005 and 2017, pregnancy rates have decreased. Adolescents who became pregnant in follow-up were more likely to be older, to be married or living with a partner and to have at least one child already and less likely to be using family planning. A considerable number of these HIV-positive adolescents presented at enrolment into HIV care as pregnant and many became pregnant as adolescents during follow-up. Pregnancy rates remain high but have decreased from 2005 to 2017. Adolescent-focused sexual and reproductive health and ante\u002Fpostnatal care programs may have the potential to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes as well as further decrease pregnancy rates in this high-risk group.",{"EN":2412},"Decreasing incidence of pregnancy among HIV-positive adolescents in a large HIV treatment program in western Kenya between 2005 and 2017: a retrospective cohort study",{"VOID":2414},"Sully EA, Biddlecom A, Darroch JE, et al. Adding it up. Investing in sexual and reproductive health 2019. New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2020.\nUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs PD. World fertility patterns 2015—Data Booklet (ST\u002FESA\u002FSER.A\u002F370). 2015.\nKenya Ministry of Health. National adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights framework strategy 2014–2019. 2015.\nKenya National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Health [Kenya], National AIDS Control Council [Kenya], et al. Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014. Nairobi; 2015.\nPlanning MOF, Development N, Of M. A dolescent reproductive health development. Framework. 2003.\nUNFPA. Girlhood, not motherhood preventing adolescent pregnancy. New York: UNFPA; 2015.\nDenno DM, Hoopes AJ, Chandra-Mouli V. Effective strategies to provide adolescent sexual and reproductive health services and to increase demand and community support. J Adolesc Health. 2015;56:S22-41.\nFatti G, Shaikh N, Eley B, et al. Adolescent and young pregnant women at increased risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and poorer maternal and infant health outcomes: a cohort study at public facilities in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan district, Eastern Cape, South Africa. S Afr Med J. 2014;104:874–80.\nMalabarey OT, Balayla J, Klam SL, et al. Pregnancies in young adolescent mothers: a population-based study on 37 million births. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2012;25:98–102.\nChen XK, Wen SW, Fleming N, et al. Teenage pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a large population based retrospective cohort study. IntJ Epidemiol. 2007;36:368–73.\nParanjothy S, Broughton H, Adappa R, et al. Teenage pregnancy: who suffers? Arch Dis Child. 2009;94:239–45.\nWorld Health Organization. Adolescent pregnancy fact sheet. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fes\u002Fnews-room\u002Ffact-sheets\u002Fdetail\u002Fadolescent-pregnancy. Accessed 10 Oct 2020.\nHartley M, Tomlinson M, Greco E, et al. Depressed mood in pregnancy: prevalence and correlates in two Cape Town peri-urban settlements. Reprod Health. 2011;8:9.\nHill LM, Maman S, Groves AK, et al. Social support among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adolescents in Umlazi, South Africa: changes in family and partner relationships during pregnancy and the postpartum period. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15:117.\nHodgkinson SC, Colantuoni E, Roberts D, et al. Depressive symptoms and birth outcomes among pregnant teenagers. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:16–22.\nWorld Health Organisation. Unsafe abortion: global and regional estimatess of the incidence of unsafe abortion and associated mortality in 2003. WHO Libr Cataloruing-Publication Data 2007; 5th edition: 55.\nWorld Health Organization. Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013. p. 57.\nObare F, Van Der KA, Adieri B, et al. HIV-positive adolescents in Kenya: access to sexual and reproductive health services. KIT Dev Policy Pract. 2010;393:1–54.\nHorwood C, Butler LM, Haskins L, et al. HIV-infected adolescent mothers and their infants: low coverage of HIV services and high risk of HIV transmission in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:1–8.\nRonen K, Mcgrath CJ, Langat AC, et al. Gaps in addressing adolescent engagement in antenatal care and prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Kenya. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017;74(1): 30–7.\nObare F, van der Kwaak A, Birungi H. Factors associated with unintended pregnancy, poor birth outcomes and post-partum contraceptive use among HIV-positive female adolescents in Kenya. BMC Womens Health. 2012;12:34.\nElul B, Wools-Kaloustian KK, Wu Y, et al. Untangling the relationship between antiretroviral therapy use and incident pregnancy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016;72:324–32.\nArikawa S, Eboua T, Kouakou K, et al. Pregnancy incidence and associated factors among HIV-infected female adolescents in HIV care in urban Côte d’Ivoire, 2009–2013. Glob Health Action. 2016;9:31622.\nKabami J, Turyakira E, Biraro S, et al. Increasing incidence of pregnancy among women receiving HIV care and treatment at a large urban facility in western Uganda. Reprod Health. 2014;11:1–11.\nMyer L, Carter RJ, Katyal M, et al. Impact of antiretroviral therapy on incidence of pregnancy among HIV-infected women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a cohort study. PLoS Med. 2010;7:e1000229.\nBurgos-Soto J, Balestre E, Minga A, et al. Incidence of pregnancy following antiretroviral therapy initiation and associated factors in eight West African countries. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;67(2):e45–e54.\nWestreich D, Maskew M, Rubel D, et al. Incidence of pregnancy after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a retrospective clinical cohort analysis. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2012;2012.\nHomsy J, Bunnell R, Moore D, et al. Reproductive intentions and outcomes among women on antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda: a prospective cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2009;4:e4149.\nKenny J, Mulenga V, Hoskins S, et al. The needs for HIV treatment and care of children, adolescents, pregnant women and older people in low-income and middle-income countries. AIDS. 2012;26(Suppl 2):1–12.\nBirungi H, Mugisha JF, Obare F, et al. Sexual behavior and desires among adolescents perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Uganda: implications for programming. J Adolesc Health. 2009;44:184–7.\nKancheva Landolt N, Bunupuradah T, Chaithongwongwatthana S. Contraceptive challenges in adolescents living with or at risk of HIV. J Virus Erad. 2016;2:82–6.\nMinistry of Health. National guidelines for provision of adolescent youth-friendly services in Kenya. Natl Guidel Provis Adolesc Youth-Friendly Serv Kenya 2005:40.\nYam EA, Tobey E, Tsui AO. Family planning for HIV-positive girls and young women. Lancet HIV. 2017;4:e10–1.\nChandra-Mouli V, Armstrong A, Amin A, et al. A pressing need to respond to the needs and sexual and reproductive health problems of adolescent girls living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries. J Int AIDS Soc. 2015;18:1–5.\nWorld Health Organization. HIV and adolescents: guidance for HIV testing and counselling and care for adolescents living with HIV. Recommendations for a public health approach and considerations for policy-makers and managers. WHO Publ 2013:100.\nFleming N, O’Driscoll T, Becker G, et al. Adolescent Pregnancy Guidelines. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2015;37:740–59.\nQuinlivan JA, Evans SF. Teenage antenatal clinics may reduce the rate of preterm birth: a prospective study. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;111:571–8.\nCallahan T, Modi S, Swanson J, et al. Pregnant adolescents living with HIV: what we know, what we need to know, where we need to go. 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