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Our aim is to promote a high level of scholarship and build on the current evidence base to inform the advancement of the physiotherapy profession. We publish original research on a wide range of topics e.g. Primary research testing new physiotherapy treatments; methodological research; measurement and outcome research and qualitative research of interest to researchers, clinicians and educators. Further, we aim to publish high quality papers that represent the range of cultures and settings where physiotherapy services are delivered. We attract a wide readership from physiotherapists and others working in diverse clinical and academic settings. We aim to promote an international debate amongst the profession about current best evidence based practice. Papers are directed primarily towards the physiotherapy profession, but can be relevant to a wide range of professional groups. The growth of interdisciplinary research is also key to our aims and scope, and we encourage relevant submissions from other professional groups. The journal actively encourages submissions which utilise a breadth of different methodologies and research designs to facilitate addressing key questions related to the physiotherapy practice. 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The aim of the study was to determine, on MTP of the upper trapezius muscle (uTM), the effects of US and LLLT \u003Cjats:italic>per se\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, as delivered in accordance with the procedures reported by surveys about their usage among physiotherapists.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Methods\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Design was set as a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study. Sixty participants with at least one active MTP in uTM (28 women and 32 men; mean age 24.5 ± 1.44 years) were recruited and randomly assigned to one out of five groups: active US (\u003Cjats:italic>n\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> = 12), placebo US (\u003Cjats:italic>n\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> = 12), active LLLT (\u003Cjats:italic>n\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> = 11), placebo LLLT (\u003Cjats:italic>n\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> = 11) and no therapy (control, \u003Cjats:italic>n\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> = 14). The participants and outcome assessor were blinded to the group assignment and therapy delivered. Three outcome measures were assessed at baseline, after a 2‐week treatment and 12 weeks after the end of the intervention (follow‐up): pressure pain threshold, subjective pain on a numerical rating scale and muscle extensibility performing a cervical lateral flexion. All subjects assigned to the intervention groups were treated five times weekly for overall 10 treatments given. Two‐way ANOVA was used to compare differences before and after intervention and among groups at each time‐point.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>After the 2‐week intervention, all groups showed pressure pain threshold, numerical rating scale and cervical lateral flexion significant improvements (\u003Cjats:italic>p\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> < 0.05), which were confirmed at the follow‐up. When performing multiple comparisons, controls scored significantly less than both the active therapies and placebos, whereas no differences were detected between active therapies and placebos.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusions\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Ultrasound and LLLT provided significant improvements in pain and muscle extensibility, which were superior to no therapy but not to placebos, thus raising concerns about the suitability, both economically and ethically, of administering such common physical modalities as stand‐alone treatments in active MTP of the uTM. 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The Dynamic Gait Index is a relatively new measure that has been used to record dynamic gait tasks in people with vestibular dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to determine the concurrent validity of the Dynamic Gait Index with the Berg Balance Scale in people with vestibular disorders.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Method\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>A retrospective review of the charts of people who met the criteria of having completed both the Berg Balance Scale and the Dynamic Gait Index during their first physiotherapy visit. Seventy patients (19 male, 51 female) were identified through the retrospective review of the charts of people referred for vestibular rehabilitation with varying diagnoses of vestibular and balance dysfunction. All were seen at a tertiary medical centre in an outpatient physiotherapy setting. Their age range was from 14 to 88 years (mean 65 years).\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Correlation between the scores on the Dynamic Gait Index and the Berg Balance Scale was moderate but significant by use of the Spearman rank order correlation (\u003Cjats:italic>r\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> = 0.71; \u003Cjats:italic>p\u003C\u002Fjats:italic><01). No difference was found between scores on the Dynamic Gait Index or Berg Balance Scale based on gender or diagnosis. A significant difference was identified on the Berg Balance Scale between older and younger people with vestibular disorders. Using previously established criteria to determine increased risk of falling, the Berg Balance Scale and the Dynamic Gait Index agreed 63% of the time.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusions\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The moderate correlation between the Dynamic Gait Index and the Berg Balance Scale establishes the concurrent validity of the Dynamic Gait Index in people with vestibular dysfunction. Both these measures provide valuable information to clinicians about patients' functional balance capabilities. However, the lack of perfect correlation indicates that the tests measure different aspects of balance. The Dynamic Gait Index appears to be a more sensitive assessment tool in identifying people with vestibular disorders who are at increased risk for falling, based on currently published criteria. 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The advantage of using such a goniometer is that the clinician is not required to estimate the joint axis of rotation when taking a measurement. The parallelogram goniometer has obtained a good intratester and intertester reliability when measuring active range of motion of hip abduction on eight individuals with hip pathologies. However, the validity of the parallelogram goniometer has not been examined. The purposes of this study were to examine the intratester and intertester reliability and the criterion validity of the parallelogram and universal goniometers for active knee flexion on healthy individuals.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Subjects\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Sixty healthy university students (44 females and 16 males; mean age of 20.6 yrs.) participated to this study.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Methods\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Measurements with the universal and parallelogram goniometers were taken in two different positions, the smaller and larger angles of active knee flexion. All measurements were taken by two trained testers. A radiograph was taken in both positions to serve as the ‘gold standard’. The sequence of the measurements and radiographs were randomly selected. The intra and intertester reliability of both goniometers were established by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) using the repeated‐measures ANOVA. The criterion validity was examined by calculating Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficients (r) between each goniometric and radiologic measurements. A 0.05 level of significance was chosen for each statistical test.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Intratester reliability ranged from good to excellent for the small angles (ICC=0.85 and 0.87) and the large angles (ICC=0.91 and 0.96) when using the parallelogram goniometer. Intertester reliability was fair for the small angles of flexion (ICC=0.43 to 0.52) and good to excellent for the large angles of flexion (ICC=0.82 to 0.88). The parallelogram goniometer was found to have greater validity when measuring the large angles of knee flexion (r=0.73 and 0.77) compared to the small angles of knee flexion (r=0.33 and 0.41). Similar results of reliability and validity were obtained with the universal goniometer.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusion\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The results of this study have clinical importance. The use of the parallelogram goniometer was found to be as reliable and valid as the universal goniometer when measuring active knee flexion. However, the parallelogram goniometer offered clinicians the advantages of obtaining precise angular measurements with fewer adjustments, and a faster application technique. Further studies on the parallelogram goniometer are necessary among individuals presenting with altered range of motion at different joints. 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The symptoms of pain, morning stiffness of short duration and physical dysfunction in the activities of daily living (ADL) can have an effect on many aspects of health, affecting quality of life. Regular and moderate physical activity adapted to individuals' life‐styles and education, and joint protection strategies have been advocated as conservative management. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of an exercise and walking protocol on the quality of life of elderly people with knee OA.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Method\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The study design was a randomized controlled clinical trial. The subjects comprised 50 elderly people, aged 65 or more, with knee OA who had been referred to the geriatric outpatient unit for rehabilitation. Changes in severity of pain and quality of life were compared between a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG). Both groups participated in an educational session and the EG also received a 12‐week exercise and walking protocol. Both groups were assessed at baseline and after three and six months by an independent observer. The Lequesne Index of Knee OA Severity (LI), the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Medical Outcomes Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) were used as measurement instruments.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>In the CG, the measures of quality of life (SF‐36), the HAQ and the LI between subjects did not yield statistically significant differences over the three measurement points. For the EG, there was a significant improvement in function, measured by HAQ, and decreasing OA symptom severity, measured by LI. For the SF‐36 there were significant improvements in physical function, functional role limitation and pain. Comparisons between the groups showed statistically significant differences after three and six months for all measures, except for the SF‐36 emotional domains.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusion\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The exercise protocol and walking programme had a positive effect on the quality of life of elderly individuals with knee OA. 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RD, 1995, The classification of osteoarthritis, Journal of Rheumatolology, 43, 42",{},{"id":24,"text":1387,"url":24,"identifiers":1388},"10.1002\u002Fart.1780290816",{"doi":1387},{"id":24,"text":1390,"url":24,"identifiers":1391},"10.1016\u002FS1063-4584(98)80007-1",{"doi":1390},{"id":24,"text":1393,"url":24,"identifiers":1394},"Baker KR, 2001, The efficacy of home based progressive strength training in older adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial, Journal of Rheumatolology, 28, 1655",{},{"id":24,"text":1396,"url":24,"identifiers":1397},"Bombardier C, 1995, Comparison of a generic and a disease‐specific measure of pain and physical function after knee replacement surgery, Medical Care, 33, AS131",{},{"id":24,"text":1399,"url":24,"identifiers":1400},"Buckwalter JA, 1998, Articular cartilage: injuries and potential for healing, Physical Therapy, 28, 192",{},{"id":24,"text":1402,"url":24,"identifiers":1403},"10.1053\u002Fjoca.1998.0154",{"doi":1402},{"id":24,"text":1405,"url":24,"identifiers":1406},"Ciconelli RM, 1999, Tradução para a língua portuguesa e validação do questionário genérico de avaliação da qualidade de vida SF‐36 (Brasil SF‐36), Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia, 39, 143",{},{"id":24,"text":1408,"url":24,"identifiers":1409},"10.1111\u002Fj.1532-5415.1997.tb01513.x",{"doi":1408},{"id":24,"text":1411,"url":24,"identifiers":1412},"10.1053\u002Fjoca.1998.0139",{"doi":1411},{"id":24,"text":1414,"url":24,"identifiers":1415},"10.1249\u002F00005768-199412000-00004",{"doi":1414},{"id":24,"text":1417,"url":24,"identifiers":1418},"Ettinger WH, 1997, A randomized trial comparing aerobic exercice and resistence exercice with a health educaton program in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. The Fitness Arthritis and Seniors Trial (FAST), Journal of the American Medical Association, 277, 25, 10.1001\u002Fjama.1997.03540250033028",{"doi":1419},"10.1001\u002Fjama.1997.03540250033028",{"id":24,"text":1421,"url":24,"identifiers":1422},"10.1002\u002F1529-0131(199808)41:8\u003C1343::AID-ART3>3.0.CO;2-9",{"doi":1421},{"id":24,"text":1424,"url":24,"identifiers":1425},"Ferraz MB, 1990, Crosscultural reliability of the physical ability dimension of the health assessment questionnaire, Journal of Rheumatology, 17, 813",{},{"id":24,"text":1427,"url":24,"identifiers":1428},"10.3109\u002F09638289709166827",{"doi":1427},{"id":24,"text":1430,"url":24,"identifiers":1431},"10.1002\u002Fpri.77",{"doi":1430},{"id":24,"text":1433,"url":24,"identifiers":1434},"Fransen M, 2001, Physical therapy is effetive for patients with ostearthritis of the knee, Journal of Rheumatolology, 28, 156",{},{"id":24,"text":1436,"url":24,"identifiers":1437},"10.1016\u002F0895-4356(93)90142-N",{"doi":1436},{"id":24,"text":1439,"url":24,"identifiers":1440},"10.1002\u002Fart.1780381104",{"doi":1439},{"id":24,"text":1442,"url":24,"identifiers":1443},"10.1097\u002F00002281-199805000-00015",{"doi":1442},{"id":24,"text":1445,"url":24,"identifiers":1446},"Lane NE, 1995, Exercise: a cause of osteoarthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 22, 3",{},{"id":24,"text":1448,"url":24,"identifiers":1449},"10.1016\u002FS0002-9343(97)90005-X",{"doi":1448},{"id":24,"text":1451,"url":24,"identifiers":1452},"10.1016\u002FS1063-4584(97)80001-5",{"doi":1451},{"id":24,"text":1454,"url":24,"identifiers":1455},"10.3109\u002F03009748709102182",{"doi":1454},{"id":24,"text":1457,"url":24,"identifiers":1458},"10.1002\u002Fart.1780400815",{"doi":1457},{"id":24,"text":1460,"url":24,"identifiers":1461},"10.1136\u002Fard.58.1.15",{"doi":1460},{"id":24,"text":1463,"url":24,"identifiers":1464},"Philadelphia Panel on Evidence‐based Clinical Practice, 2001, Guideline on selected rehabilitation interventions for knee pain, Physical Therapy, 18, 1675",{},{"id":24,"text":1466,"url":24,"identifiers":1467},"10.1097\u002F00005768-199708000-00001",{"doi":1466},{"id":24,"text":1469,"url":24,"identifiers":1470},"10.1016\u002FS0003-9993(98)90238-6",{"doi":1469},{"id":24,"text":1472,"url":24,"identifiers":1473},"10.1093\u002Fptj\u002F77.10.1026",{"doi":1472},{"id":24,"text":1475,"url":24,"identifiers":1476},"10.1097\u002F00006199-199603000-00002",{"doi":1475},{"id":24,"text":1478,"url":24,"identifiers":1479},"10.1016\u002F0277-9536(95)00112-K",{"doi":1478},{"id":24,"text":1481,"url":24,"identifiers":1482},"10.1002\u002F1529-0131(199907)42:7\u003C1361::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-9",{"doi":1481},{"id":24,"text":1484,"url":24,"identifiers":1485},"10.2519\u002Fjospt.1997.25.1.13",{"doi":1484},{"id":1487,"createTime":1488,"updateTime":1488,"relativeEntities":1489,"slug":1490,"properties":1491,"entityType":109,"verifyStatus":110,"verifyTime":1488,"verifyNote":111,"languages":1504,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":1505,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":1506,"publicationType":271,"publisherRelationship":1524,"citationCount":1569,"citationInfo":1570,"publishDate":1573,"publishYear":1571,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":1574,"openAccess":24,"references":1575,"isForceReanalyzing":443},"cebaa04b-73af-4d59-b69b-ca82b177d99c","2024-10-16T20:43:55.724+00:00",[],"Differences-between-left-and-right-suboccipital-and-intracranial-vertebral-artery-dimensions-an-influence-on-blood-flow-to-the-hindbrain-",{"openalex":1492,"mag":1494,"abstract":1496,"title":1498,"pm":1500,"doi":1502},{"VOID":1493},"W1994241860",{"VOID":1495},"1994241860",{"EN":1497},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Background and Purpose\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Although vertebral artery (VA) blood flow is adequate in normal circumstances, reduction in the dimensions of the vessel because of atherosclerosis, or compression or stretching, may lead to hindbrain hypoxia with serious clinical manifestations. Such effects may be more pronounced in VAs that are naturally smaller than the norm. Because normative data for the suboccipital (VA\u003Cjats:sub>3\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>) and intracranial (VA\u003Cjats:sub>4\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>) vertebral artery are not readily available, it was the aim of the present study to measure the dimensions of these distal parts of the VA, to inform professional practice of the possible influence of different vessel dimensions on blood flow to the hindbrain.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Method\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The study was a laboratory‐based observational or descriptive study. A total of 40 and 54 left and right, suboccipital and intracranial parts of the VA (\u003Cjats:italic>n\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> = 188 vessels), obtained from cadavers of females and males aged 20–80 years, was processed for light microscopic study and measurement of the dimensions of the vessels. The left and right inner and outer diameters, cross‐sectional areas and the tunica media thicknesses were calculated in each part of the vessel and compared by use of \u003Cjats:italic>t\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>‐tests.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The histological structure of the VA was typical of a muscular or distributing artery. Although, in the total number of specimens, no statistically significant differences were found between left and right sides in either part of the vessel, a larger left than right VA\u003Cjats:sub>4\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> was demonstrated in the females. The VA\u003Cjats:sub>3\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> was significantly larger than VA\u003Cjats:sub>4\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> in males and females, and all dimensions in both parts of the vessel were greatest in the older age group.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusions\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Reduced VA blood flow, whether because of atherosclerosis or compression or stretching of the vessel, is more likely to occur in arteries that are smaller than normal. This information is of value to clinicians in avoiding further compromising the VA and its blood flow during professional practice. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>",{"EN":1499},"Differences between left and right suboccipital and intracranial vertebral artery dimensions: an influence on blood flow to the hindbrain?",{"VOID":1501},"15317423",{"VOID":1503},"10.1002\u002Fpri.305",[113],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fpri.305",[1507],{"id":1508,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":1509,"affiliations":1510,"properties":1519,"displayName":1521,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"3c72e6ff-8981-4544-80c7-32775cd25fc3",[],[1511],{"id":1512,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1513,"properties":24},"1f399b28-4690-4cf1-a2fb-faea8d6b3cb9",{"id":1512,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1514,"slug":24,"properties":1515,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1518,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1516},{"EN":1517},"Neuroscience Program, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071, USA.",[],{"title":1520,"openalex":1522},{"EN":1521},"Jeanette Mitchell",{"VOID":1523},"A5103864001",{"url":24,"publisher":1525,"properties":1563},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1526,"slug":10,"properties":1527,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":23,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"subjectFields":1532,"manageAffiliations":1537,"indexDatabases":1548,"url":83,"thumbnailPath":24,"statistic":24,"gsStatistic":24,"type":24,"analyzePriority":24},[],{"country":1528,"eissn":1529,"issn":1530,"title":1531},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"VOID":17},{"EN":19},[1533],{"id":28,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1534,"label":1535,"description":1536,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":31},{},[1538,1543],{"id":35,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1539,"slug":24,"properties":1540,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1542,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1541},{"EN":39},[],{"id":42,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1544,"slug":24,"properties":1545,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1547,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1546},{"EN":46},[],[1549,1556],{"id":50,"indexDatabase":1550,"url":61,"indexYears":62,"academicFieldIds":1555,"indexDatabaseRanking":65},{"id":52,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1551,"label":1552,"description":1553,"key":58,"publicationTags":1554,"standard":24},[],{"EN":55,"VI":55},{"EN":55,"VI":57},[60],[64],{"id":67,"indexDatabase":1557,"url":80,"indexYears":24,"academicFieldIds":1562,"indexDatabaseRanking":24},{"id":69,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1558,"label":1559,"description":1560,"key":76,"publicationTags":1561,"standard":24},[],{"EN":72,"VI":72},{"EN":74,"VI":75},[78,79],[82],{"issue":1564,"pages":1565,"volume":1567},{"VOID":1191},{"VOID":1566},"85-95",{"VOID":1568},"9",23,{"total":1569,"publishYear":1571,"statisticByYear":1572},2004,{"2012":203,"2014":139,"2016":139,"2020":139,"2021":159,"2023":139},"2004-06-01",[65,78],[1576,1579,1582,1585,1588,1591,1594,1597,1600,1603,1606,1609,1612,1615,1618,1621,1624,1627,1630,1633,1636,1639,1642,1645,1648,1651,1654,1657,1660,1663,1666,1669,1672],{"id":24,"text":1577,"url":24,"identifiers":1578},"Abd EI‐Bary TH, 1995, Microsurgical anatomy of the atlantal part of the vertebral artery, Surgical Neurology, 44, 192",{},{"id":24,"text":1580,"url":24,"identifiers":1581},"Anderson JE, 1989, Grant's Atlas of Anatomy",{},{"id":24,"text":1583,"url":24,"identifiers":1584},"Bolton PS, 1989, Failure of clinical tests to predict cerebral ischemia before neck manipulation, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 12, 304",{},{"id":24,"text":1586,"url":24,"identifiers":1587},"Boonstra H, 1983, Cervical tissue shrinkage by formaldehyde fixation, paraffin wax embedding, section cutting and mounting, Virchows Archives A Pathology, Anatomy and Histopathology, 40, l95",{},{"id":24,"text":1589,"url":24,"identifiers":1590},"10.2535\u002Fofaj1936.73.2-3_133",{"doi":1589},{"id":24,"text":1592,"url":24,"identifiers":1593},"Fawcett DW, 1994, A Textbook of Histology",{},{"id":24,"text":1595,"url":24,"identifiers":1596},"10.1161\u002F01.STR.24.1.132",{"doi":1595},{"id":24,"text":1598,"url":24,"identifiers":1599},"10.1097\u002F00000433-199306000-00014",{"doi":1598},{"id":24,"text":1601,"url":24,"identifiers":1602},"10.1136\u002Fjcp.48.7.637",{"doi":1601},{"id":24,"text":1604,"url":24,"identifiers":1605},"10.1136\u002Fjcp.54.2.139",{"doi":1604},{"id":24,"text":1607,"url":24,"identifiers":1608},"Junqueira LC, 1995, Basic Histology",{},{"id":24,"text":1610,"url":24,"identifiers":1611},"10.1007\u002FBF01809336",{"doi":1610},{"id":24,"text":1613,"url":24,"identifiers":1614},"Lin LI‐K, 1989, A concordance correlation coefficient to evaluate reproducibility, Biomechanics, 45, 255",{},{"id":24,"text":1616,"url":24,"identifiers":1617},"10.1038\u002F35025203",{"doi":1616},{"id":24,"text":1619,"url":24,"identifiers":1620},"Lyness SS, 1974, Neurological deficit following cervical manipulation, Surgical Neurology, 2, l21",{},{"id":24,"text":1622,"url":24,"identifiers":1623},"Macchi C, 1996, The inner diameter of human intra‐cranial vertebral artery by color Doppler method, Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, 10, 81",{},{"id":24,"text":1625,"url":24,"identifiers":1626},"10.1212\u002FWNL.39.4.512",{"doi":1625},{"id":24,"text":1628,"url":24,"identifiers":1629},"10.1159\u002F000046490",{"doi":1628},{"id":24,"text":1631,"url":24,"identifiers":1632},"10.1046\u002Fj.1469-7580.1998.19320283.x",{"doi":1631},{"id":24,"text":1634,"url":24,"identifiers":1635},"10.1002\u002Fpri.249",{"doi":1634},{"id":24,"text":1637,"url":24,"identifiers":1638},"10.1016\u002FS0161-4754(03)00074-5",{"doi":1637},{"id":24,"text":1640,"url":24,"identifiers":1641},"10.1002\u002Far.1092420308",{"doi":1640},{"id":24,"text":1643,"url":24,"identifiers":1644},"Moore KL, 1992, Clinically Oriented Anatomy",{},{"id":24,"text":1646,"url":24,"identifiers":1647},"10.1007\u002FBF02402170",{"doi":1646},{"id":24,"text":1649,"url":24,"identifiers":1650},"Parkin PJ, 1978, Vertebral artery occlusion following manipulation of the neck, New Zealand Medical Journal, 88, 41",{},{"id":24,"text":1652,"url":24,"identifiers":1653},"Romanes GJ, 1986, Cunningham's Manual of Practical Anatomy",{},{"id":24,"text":1655,"url":24,"identifiers":1656},"10.1056\u002FNEJM199901143400207",{"doi":1655},{"id":24,"text":1658,"url":24,"identifiers":1659},"Sherman MR, 1987, Pathogenesis of vertebral artery occlusion following cervical spine manipulation, Archives of Pathological Laboratory Medicine, 111, 51",{},{"id":24,"text":1661,"url":24,"identifiers":1662},"10.1136\u002Fjnnp.34.4.388",{"doi":1661},{"id":24,"text":1664,"url":24,"identifiers":1665},"Stopford JSB, 1916, The arteries of the pons and medulla oblongata, Journal of Anatomy, 11, 131",{},{"id":24,"text":1667,"url":24,"identifiers":1668},"Thiel HW, 1991, Gross morphology and pathoanatomy of the vertebral arteries, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 14, l33",{},{"id":24,"text":1670,"url":24,"identifiers":1671},"10.1001\u002Farchneur.1972.00490170024004",{"doi":1670},{"id":24,"text":1673,"url":24,"identifiers":1674},"Williams PL, 1989, Gray's Anatomy",{},{"id":1676,"createTime":1677,"updateTime":1677,"relativeEntities":1678,"slug":1679,"properties":1680,"entityType":109,"verifyStatus":110,"verifyTime":1677,"verifyNote":111,"languages":1695,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":1696,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":1697,"publicationType":271,"publisherRelationship":1824,"citationCount":1869,"citationInfo":1870,"publishDate":1876,"publishYear":1871,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":1877,"openAccess":24,"references":1878,"isForceReanalyzing":443},"4a51d48b-20d1-478b-b447-8e536b55c58a","2024-10-04T15:19:06.352+00:00",[],"Exercise-Prescription-Patterns-in-Patients-Treated-with-Vestibular-Rehabilitation-After-Concussion",{"mag":1681,"pmc":1683,"openalex":1685,"abstract":1687,"title":1689,"pm":1691,"doi":1693},{"VOID":1682},"1494550320",{"VOID":1684},"4894842",{"VOID":1686},"W1494550320",{"EN":1688},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Background and Purpose\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Individuals with concussion often complain of persistent dizziness and imbalance, and these problems have been treated with vestibular rehabilitation exercises. The purpose of this study is to describe the vestibular rehabilitation exercise prescriptions provided to individuals after concussion.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Methods\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>A retrospective chart review of vestibular rehabilitation home exercise programmes prescribed by physical therapists for 104 participants who were diagnosed with concussion was conducted. Each of the exercises was classified by exercise type, duration and frequency. Frequency counts of the most common exercise types were recorded. Exercise progression patterns were examined by determining how exercise types were modified from visit to visit.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Eye–head coordination exercises were the most commonly prescribed exercise type (in 95% of participants), followed by standing static balance exercises (in 88% of participants), and ambulation exercises (in 76% of participants).\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Conclusions\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Understanding the prescription patterns of expert clinicians may elucidate the vestibular‐related impairments of individuals after concussion and may provide a resource for therapists who may be starting vestibular rehabilitation programmes for management of individuals with concussion. To improve quality of care, future research should be directed to relate outcomes to the exercise prescription patterns. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>",{"EN":1690},"Exercise Prescription Patterns in Patients Treated with Vestibular Rehabilitation After Concussion",{"VOID":1692},"22786783",{"VOID":1694},"10.1002\u002Fpri.1532",[113],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fpri.1532",[1698,1717,1747,1764,1781,1795],{"id":1699,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":1700,"affiliations":1701,"properties":1710,"displayName":1714,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"06188ae9-b15f-4da4-8ee9-c6102fa58c6e",[],[1702],{"id":1703,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1704,"properties":24},"20dd68bd-47cc-467d-89a4-13f8a719eb94",{"id":1703,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1705,"slug":24,"properties":1706,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1709,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1707},{"EN":1708},"University Of Pittsburgh, Department of Physical Therapy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA",[],{"orcid":1711,"title":1713,"openalex":1715},{"VOID":1712},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0008-2674-6341",{"EN":1714},"Bara Alsalaheen",{"VOID":1716},"A5023010350",{"id":1718,"sortIndex":139,"researcher":24,"roles":1719,"affiliations":1720,"properties":1743,"displayName":484,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"432184f3-f195-4860-903e-7f6b483dfad0",[],[1721,1729,1735],{"id":1722,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1723,"properties":24},"fb004210-28ac-4fd3-adda-ec125911932e",{"id":1722,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1724,"slug":24,"properties":1725,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1728,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1726},{"VI":1727},"University of Pittsburgh Department of Otolaryngology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA",[],{"id":1703,"sortIndex":139,"affiliation":1730,"properties":24},{"id":1703,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1731,"slug":24,"properties":1732,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1734,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1733},{"EN":1708},[],{"id":1736,"sortIndex":159,"affiliation":1737,"properties":24},"81156a87-6a8b-4ae1-a640-8c2ed87855df",{"id":1736,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1738,"slug":24,"properties":1739,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1742,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1740},{"VI":1741},"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Centers for Rehab Services, Pittsburgh, PA, 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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the applicability and the reliability of some clinical balance assessment methods for people with arthritis and various degrees of disability.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Method\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>To examine the applicability and reliability of balance tests, 65, 19 and 22 patients, respectively, with peripheral arthritis participated in sub‐studies investigating the applicability, inter‐rater reliability and test–retest stability of the following methods: walking on a soft surface, walking backwards, walking in a figure‐of‐eight, the balance sub‐scale of the Index of Muscle Function (IMF), the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the Berg balance scale.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003C\u002Fjats:sec>\u003Cjats:sec>\u003Cjats:title>Results\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>For patients with moderate disability walking in a figure‐of‐eight was found to be the most discriminative test, whereas ceiling effects were found for the Berg balance scale. 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Theory and Practical Applications",{},{"id":24,"text":2186,"url":24,"identifiers":2189},{},{"id":24,"text":2191,"url":24,"identifiers":2192},"10.1111\u002Fj.1699-0463.1994.tb05226.x",{"doi":2191},{"id":24,"text":2194,"url":24,"identifiers":2195},"10.1001\u002Fjama.1949.02900430001001",{"doi":2194},{"id":24,"text":2197,"url":24,"identifiers":2198},"10.1111\u002Fj.1532-5415.1986.tb05480.x",{"doi":2197},{"id":24,"text":2200,"url":24,"identifiers":2201},"Woolacott M, 1989, Development of Posture and Gait Across the Life Span, 229",{},{"id":24,"text":2203,"url":24,"identifiers":2204},"Woolacott M, 1990, Changes in posture control across the life span: a systems approach, Physical Therapy, 70, 790, 10.1093\u002Fptj\u002F70.12.799",{"doi":2205},"10.1093\u002Fptj\u002F70.12.799",{"id":2207,"createTime":2208,"updateTime":2208,"relativeEntities":2209,"slug":2210,"properties":2211,"entityType":109,"verifyStatus":110,"verifyTime":2208,"verifyNote":111,"languages":2224,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":2225,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":2226,"publicationType":271,"publisherRelationship":2363,"citationCount":2408,"citationInfo":2409,"publishDate":2412,"publishYear":2410,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":2413,"openAccess":24,"references":2414,"isForceReanalyzing":443},"5f960738-931c-41f5-b6c2-a55dc7eea8c2","2024-10-03T16:25:41.541+00:00",[],"The-clinical-value-of-a-cluster-of-patient-history-and-observational-findings-as-a-diagnostic-support-tool-for-lumbar-spine-stenosis",{"openalex":2212,"mag":2214,"abstract":2216,"title":2218,"pm":2220,"doi":2222},{"VOID":2213},"W2031335389",{"VOID":2215},"2031335389",{"EN":2217},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>Objective.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The study aims to create a diagnostic support tool to indicate the likelihood of the presence of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) using a cluster of elements from the patient history and observational findings. \u003Cjats:bold>Design.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The study is case based and case controlled. \u003Cjats:bold>Setting.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The study was performed in the tertiary care of a medical center. \u003Cjats:bold>Subjects.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> There were a total of 1,448 patients who presented with a primary complaint of back pain with or without leg pain. \u003Cjats:bold>Methods.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> All patients underwent a standardized clinical examination. The diagnosis of LSS was made by one of two experienced orthopaedic surgeons based on clinical findings and imaging. Data from the patient history and observational findings were then statistically analysed using bivariate analysis and contingency tables. \u003Cjats:bold>Results.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The most diagnostic combination included a cluster of: 1) bilateral symptoms; 2) leg pain more than back pain; 3) pain during walking\u002Fstanding; 4) pain relief upon sitting; and 5) age >48 years. Failure to meet the condition of any one of five positive examination findings demonstrated a high sensitivity of 0.96 (95% CI = 0.94–0.97) and a low negative likelihood ratio (LR−) of 0.19 (95% CI = 0.12–0.29). Meeting the condition of four of five examination findings yielded a LR+ of 4.6 (95% CI = 2.4–8.9) and a post‐test probability of 76%. \u003Cjats:bold>Conclusion.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The high sensitivity of the diagnostic support tool provides the potential to reduce the incidence of unnecessary imaging when the diagnosis of LSS is statistically unlikely. In patients where the condition of four of the five findings was present, the post‐test probability of 76% suggests that imaging and further workup are indicated. This is an inexpensive but powerful tool, with a potential to increase diagnostic efficiency and reduce cost by narrowing the indications for imaging. 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