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Genetic syndromes are present in up to one quarter of patients with this condition, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Our aim in this work is to characterize our population, evaluate ToF based on the presence of genotype anomalies, and investigate early intervention predictors and outcomes. A retrospective study was performed on neonates with ToF born between August 1, 2008, and August 31, 2018, and admitted to a level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Patients were categorized based on the presence of genotype anomalies and timing of intervention. Thirty-nine neonates were included. The overall mortality during the follow-up period was 5.1% (n = 2). Threatened preterm labor\u002Fpreterm labor was more prevalent in patients with associated genotype anomalies (p = 0.015). Multivariate analysis showed an association between an abnormal amount of amniotic fluid and ToF with altered genotype, adjusted for smoking, maternal age, gestational age and birth weight [OR = 29.92, 95% CI (1.35–662.44), p = 0.032]. We also found an association between cesarean delivery and neonatal procedures (p = 0.006). Mortality was significantly higher in neonates who underwent early intervention (p = 0.038). Our results indicate that an abnormal amount of amniotic fluid is an independent predictive factor for ToF with genotype alterations. This finding could ultimately have an impact on both prenatal and neonatal counseling and management.",{"EN":116},"Risk Factors and Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot: From Fetal to Neonatal Life",{"VOID":118},"[]",{"VOID":120},"Olney RS, Ailes EC, Sontag MK (2015) Detection of critical congenital heart defects: review of contributions from prenatal and newborn screening. Semin Perinatol 39(3):230–237. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1053\u002Fj.semperi.2015.03.007\nTalner CN (1998) Report of the New England Regional Infant Cardiac Program, by Donald C. Fyler, MD, Pediatrics, 1980;65(suppl):375–461. Pediatrics 102(1 Pt 2):258–259\nVillafane J, Feinstein JA, Jenkins KJ, Vincent RN, Walsh EP, Dubin AM, Geva T, Towbin JA, Cohen MS, Fraser C, Dearani J, Rosenthal D, Kaufman B, Graham TP Jr, Adult Congenital and Pediatric Cardiology Section, American College of Cardiology (2013) Hot topics in Tetralogy of Fallot. J Am Coll Cardiol 62(23):2155–2166. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jacc.2013.07.100\nAli N (2015) Tetralogy of Fallot. JAAPA 28(6):65–66. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1097\u002F01.JAA.0000462058.86000.b6\nO'Brien P, Marshall AC (2014) Cardiology patient page Tetralogy of Fallot. Circulation 130(4):e26–29. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1161\u002FCIRCULATIONAHA.113.005547\nBailliard F, Anderson RH (2009) Tetralogy of Fallot. Orphanet J Rare Dis 4:2. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002F1750-1172-4-2\nMichielon G, Marino B, Formigari R, Gargiulo G, Picchio F, Digilio MC, Anaclerio S, Oricchio G, Sanders SP, Di Donato RM (2006) Genetic syndromes and outcome after surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot. Ann Thorac Surg 81(3):968–975. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.athoracsur.2005.09.033\nGoldmuntz E, Driscoll D, Budarf M, Zackai E, McDonald-McGinn D, Biegel J et al (1993) Microdeletions of chromosomal region 22q11 in patients with congenital conotruncal cardiac defects. J Med Genet 30:807–812\nMercer-Rosa L, Pinto N, Yang W, Tanel R, Goldmuntz E (2013) 22q11.2 Deletion syndrome is associated with perioperative outcome in tetralogy of Fallot. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 146(4):868–873. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jtcvs.2012.12.028\nKirsch RE, Glatz AC, Gaynor JW, Nicolson SC, Spray TL, Wernovsky G, Bird GL (2014) Results of elective repair at 6 months or younger in 277 patients with tetralogy of Fallot: a 14-year experience at a single center. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 147(2):713–717. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jtcvs.2013.03.033\nKarl TR, Stocker C (2016) Tetralogy of fallot and its variants. Pediatr Crit Care Med 17(8 Suppl 1):S330–336. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1097\u002FPCC.0000000000000831\nBecker AE, Anderson RH (1981) Pathology of congenital heart disease. Butterworths & Co (Publishers) Ltd, Belfast\nRudolph A (2009) Congenital diseases of the heart: clinical-physiological considerations, 3rd edn. Wiley, West Sussex\nHaas NA, Schirmer KR (2017) Guidelines for the management of congenital heart diseases in childhood and adolescence. Cardiol Young 27(S3):S1–S105. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1017\u002FS1047951116001955\nHaas NA, Laser TK, Moysich A, Blanz U, Sandica E (2014) Stenting of the right ventricular outflow tract in symptomatic neonatal tetralogy of fallot. Cardiol Young 24(2):369–373. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1017\u002FS1047951113000279\nPhysical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee (1995). World Health Organ Technical Report Series 854:1–452\nManaging the global epidemic of obesity. Report of the World Health Organization (WHO) consultation on obesity. Paper presented at the International Obesity Task Force (June 3–5, 1997). Geneva, Switzerland\nInternational Obesity Task Force. Managing the global epidemic of obesity. Report of the World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation on Obesity (June 5–7, 1997). Geneva, Switzerland.\nMcCowan LM, Figueras F, Anderson NH (2018) Evidence-based national guidelines for the management of suspected fetal growth restriction: comparison, consensus, and controversy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 218(2S):S855–S868. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.ajog.2017.12.004\nHezelgrave NL, Shennan AH Threatened and actual preterm labor. In: Gonik B, Weiner C, James D, Steer P, Robson S (eds) High-risk pregnancy: management options: five-year institutional subscription with online updates. 5 edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 1624–1654. DOI: undefined\nFDA Pregnancy Categories. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.drugs.com\u002Fpregnancy-categories.html.\nParameter (z). Echo Z-score calculators. https:\u002F\u002Fparameterz.blogspot.com\u002F2008\u002F09\u002Fcardiac-valve-z-scores.htm 2019\nEbishima H, Kurosaki K, Yoshimatsu J, Shiraishi I (2017) Main pulmonary artery cross-section ratio is low in fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot and ductus arteriosus-dependent pulmonary circulation. Cardiol Young 27(6):1162–1166. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1017\u002FS1047951116002675\nChiu SN, Wang JK, Chen HC, Lin MT, Wu ET, Chen CA, Huang SC, Chang CI, Chen YS, Chiu IS, Chen CL, Wu MH (2012) Long-term survival and unnatural deaths of patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot in an Asian cohort. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 5(1):120–125. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1161\u002FCIRCOUTCOMES.111.963603\nEscribano D, Herraiz I, Granados M, Arbues J, Mendoza A, Galindo A (2011) Tetralogy of Fallot: prediction of outcome in the mid-second trimester of pregnancy. Prenat Diagn 31(12):1126–1133. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fpd.2844\nGoldmuntz E, Clark BJ, Mitchell LE, Jawad AF, Cuneo BF, Reed L, McDonald-McGinn D, Chien P, Feuer J, Zackai EH, Emanuel BS, Driscoll DA (1998) Frequency of 22q11 deletions in patients with conotruncal defects. J Am Coll Cardiol 32(2):492–498. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fs0735-1097(98)00259-9\nRauch R, Hofbeck M, Zweier C, Koch A, Zink S, Trautmann U, Hoyer J, Kaulitz R, Singer H, Rauch A (2010) Comprehensive genotype-phenotype analysis in 230 patients with tetralogy of Fallot. J Med Genet 47(5):321–331. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1136\u002Fjmg.2009.070391\nWoldu KL, Arya B, Bacha EA, Williams IA (2014) Impact of neonatal versus nonneonatal total repair of tetralogy of fallot on growth in the first year of life. Ann Thorac Surg 98(4):1399–1404. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.athoracsur.2014.05.034\nPoon LC, Huggon IC, Zidere V, Allan LD (2007) Tetralogy of Fallot in the fetus in the current era. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 29(6):625–627. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fuog.3971\nYefet E, Daniel-Spiegel E (2016) Outcomes from polyhydramnios with normal ultrasound. Pediatrics 137(2):e20151948. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1542\u002Fpeds.2015-1948\nLandy HJ, Isada NB, Larsen JW (1987) Genetic implications of idiopathic hydramnios. Am J Obstet Gynecol 157(1):114–117. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fs0002-9378(87)80358-7\nDriscoll DA (2001) Prenatal diagnosis of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Genet Med 3(1):14–18\nLapaire O, Holzgreve W, Zanetti-Daellenbach R, Refecca ME, Hösli I, Tercanli S (2007) Polyhydramnios: an update. Donald Sch J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1(1):73–79\nMichielon G, Marino B, Oricchio G, Digilio MC, Iorio F, Filippelli S, Placidi S, Di Donato RM (2009) Impact of DEL22q11, trisomy 21, and other genetic syndromes on surgical outcome of conotruncal heart defects. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 138(3):565–570 e562. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jtcvs.2009.03.009\nArya B, Levasseur SM, Woldu K, Glickstein JS, Andrews HF, Williams IA (2013) Fetal echocardiographic measurements and the need for neonatal surgical intervention in tetralogy of Fallot. Pediatr Cardiol 35(5):810–816. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00246-013-0857-3\nLandis BJ, Levey A, Levasseur SM, Glickstein JS, Kleinman CS, Simpson LL, Williams IA (2013) Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease and birth outcomes. Pediatr Cardiol 34(3):597–605. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00246-012-0504-4\nMurphy JG, Gersh BJ, Mair DD, Fuster V, McGoon MD, Ilstrup DM, McGoon DC, Kirklin JW, Danielson GK (1993) Long term outcome in patients undergoing repair of tetralogy of Fallot. N Eng J Med 329:593–599\nShinebourne EA, Babu-Narayan SV, Carvalho JS (2006) Tetralogy of Fallot: from fetus to adult. Heart 92(9):1353–1359. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1136\u002Fhrt.2005.061143\nFanous E, Mogyorosy G (2017) Does the prophylactic and therapeutic use of beta-blockers in preoperative patients with tetralogy of Fallot significantly prevent and treat the occurrence of cyanotic spells? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 25(4):647–650. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Ficvts\u002Fivx135\nDorobantu DM, Pandey R, Sharabiani MT, Mahani AS, Angelini GD, Martin RP, Stoica SC (2016) Indications and results of systemic to pulmonary shunts: results from a national database. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 49(6):1553–1563. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fejcts\u002Fezv435\nAl Habib HF, Jacobs JP, Mavroudis C, Tchervenkov CI, O'Brien SM, Mohammadi S, Jacobs ML (2010) Contemporary patterns of management of tetralogy of Fallot: data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database. Ann Thorac Surg 90(3):813–819. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.athoracsur.2010.03.110(discussion 819–820)\nHoffman JIE (2017) At what age should tetralogy of Fallot be corrected? Cardiol Young 27(4):625–629. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1017\u002FS104795111600264X\nCopel JA, Tan ASA, Kleinman CS (1997) Does a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease alter short-term outcome? 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Ann Thorac Surg 50 323–329 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:By%2BA2czlt1I%3D Occurrence Handle2200367",{"doi":574},{"id":590,"createTime":591,"updateTime":592,"relativeEntities":593,"slug":594,"properties":595,"entityType":123,"verifyStatus":124,"verifyTime":602,"verifyNote":126,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":603,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":604,"publicationType":238,"publisherRelationship":620,"citationCount":21,"citationInfo":672,"publishDate":675,"publishYear":673,"citationAnalyzeStatus":433,"lastCitationAnalyze":592,"indexDatabases":676,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":296},"6dae4f67-3c97-46e4-808a-3d4a76fa3078","2024-01-12T07:24:35.664+00:00","2026-08-17T19:04:24.436+00:00",[],"Balloon-Pulmonary-Valvuloplasty",{"title":596,"gsPaper":598,"doi":600},{"EN":597},"Balloon Pulmonary Valvuloplasty",{"VOID":599},"[\"2312561221089144899\"]",{"VOID":601},"10.1007\u002Fs002469900240","2024-05-10T22:28:29.183+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs002469900240",[605],{"id":606,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":607,"affiliations":608,"properties":617,"displayName":619,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"bd365158-5b82-4710-a1e2-f79c707838d4",[132],[609],{"id":610,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":611,"properties":20},"172add62-cb0e-4c79-99b7-00d6442583a8",{"id":610,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":612,"slug":20,"properties":613,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":616,"statistic":20},[],{"title":614},{"VI":615},"University of Pennsylvania, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Heart Station, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19114, USA, US",[],{"title":618},{"VI":619},"J.J.  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This study aims to evaluate the effect of the infants' dominant ventricular morphology on the immediate course after undergoing the Glenn procedure. This single-center, retrospective study included all patients who underwent the Glenn procedure between October 2003 and May 2016. The patients were divided into two groups according to their dominant ventricular morphology. Their postoperative records were reviewed and compared. Out of the 89 patients who underwent the Glenn procedure during the study period, 40 (44.9%) had dominant right ventricular morphology and 49 (55.1%) had left ventricular morphology. There were no significant group differences in baseline characteristics or operative data. The maximal postoperative vasoactive-inotropic score was significantly higher and the extent of ventricular dysfunction was significantly more severe in the dominant right ventricle group (P \u003C 0.05). The length of hospitalization was slightly but not significantly longer in the hypoplastic LV group. It is concluded that patients with a dominant LV morphology had a superior ventricular function and required less inotropic support compared to that of a dominant RV morphology in the immediate postoperative course following the Glenn procedure. Survival was not affected by these differences. Further study to determine the pathophysiologic basis for these differences is warranted. \n                  \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                  \n                ",{"EN":687},"The Impact of Dominant Ventricular Morphology on the Early Postoperative Course After the Glenn Procedure",{"VOID":689},"[\"4712646558948996129\"]",{"VOID":691},"Baker-Smith CM, Goldberg SW, Rosenthal GL (2015) Predictors of prolonged hospital length of stay following stage II palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (and variants): analysis of the national pediatric cardiology quality improvement collaborative (NPC-QIC) database. Pediatr Cardiol 36:1630–1641\nDavies RR, Pizarro C (2015) Decision-making for surgery in the management of patients with univentricular heart. Front Pediatr. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3389\u002Ffped.2015.00061\nTalwar S, Jaiswal LS, Choudhary SK, Saxena A, Juneja R, Kothari SS, Airan B (2014) Retrospective study of results of Kawashima procedure. Heart Lung Circ 23(7):674–679\nIyengar AJ, Winlaw DS, Galati JC, Wheaton GR, Gentles TL, Grigg LE, Justo RN, Radford DJ, Weintraub RG, Bullock A, Celermajer DS, d’Udekem Y (2014) The extracardiac conduit fontan procedure in Australia and New Zealand: hypoplastic left heart syndrome predicts worse early and late outcomes. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 46(3):465–473\nSchumacher KR, Stringer KA, Donohue JE, Yu S, Shaver A, Caruthers RL, Zikmund-Fisher BJ, Fifer C, Goldberg C, Russell MW (2015) Fontan-associated protein-losing enteropathy and plastic bronchitis. J Pediatr 166(4):970–977\nMcIntosh AM, Tong S, Deakyne SJ, Davidson JA, Scott HF (2017) Validation of the vasoactive-inotropic score in pediatric sepsis. Pediatr Crit Care Med 18(8):750–757\nWeddell JS, Nersesian M, Mussatto KA et al (2009) Fontan palliation in the modern era: factors impacting mortality and morbidity. Ann Thorac Surg 88(4):1291–1299\nPollak U, Abarbanel I, Salem Y, Serraf AE, Mishaly D (2022) Dominant ventricular morphology and early postoperative course after the fontan procedure. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 13(3):346–352\nUnseld B, Stiller B, Borth-Bruhns T, du Bois F, Kroll J, Grohmann J, Fleck T (2017) An early glenn operation may be associated with the later occurrence of protein-losing enteropathy in Fontan patients. Pediatr Cardiol 38(6):1155–1161\nKamata M, Stiver C, Naguib A, Tumin D, Tobias J (2017) A retrospective analysis of the influence of ventricular morphology on the perioperative outcomes after Fontan surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 31(1):128–133\nGhelani SJ, Colan SD, Azcue N, Keenan EM, Harrild DM, Powell AJ, Geva T, Rathod RH (2018) Impact of ventricular morphology on fiber stress and strain in Fontan patients. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 11(7):e006738\nSuntratonpipat S, Khoo NS, Colen T, Alhabdan M, Troung D, Zahari N, Kutty S, Smallhorn JF, Tham EB (2017) Impaired single right ventricular function compared to single left ventricles during the early stages of palliation: a longitudinal study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 30(5):468–477\nSanil Y, Aggarwal S (2013) Vasoactive-inotropic score after pediatric heart transplant: a marker of adverse outcome. Pediatr Transplant 17(6):567–572\nGaies MG, Gurney JG, Yen AH, Napoli ML, Gajarski RJ, Ohye RG, Charpie JR, Hirsch JC (2010) Vasoactive-inotropic score as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in infants after cardiopulmonary bypass. Pediatr Crit Care Med 11(2):234–238\nDavidson J, Tong S, Hancock H, Hauck A, da Cruz E, Kaufman J (2012) Prospective validation of the vasoactive-inotropic score and correlation to short-term outcomes in neonates and infants after cardiothoracic surgery. Intensive Care Med 38(7):1184–1190\nLofland GK (2001) The enhancement of hemodynamic performance in Fontan circulation using pain free spontaneous ventilation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 20(1):114–118\nZakaria D, Rettiganti M, Gossett JM, Gupta P (2017) Factors associated with early extubation after superior cavopulmonary connection: analysis from single ventricle reconstruction trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 61(7):722–729\nd’Udekem Y, Xu MY, Galati JC, Lu S, Iyengar AJ, Konstantinov IE, Wheaton GR, Ramsay JM, Grigg LE, Millar J, Cheung MM, Brizard CP (2012) Predictors of survival after single-ventricle palliation. J Am Coll Cardiol 59:1178–1185",{"VOID":693},"10.1007\u002Fs00246-023-03114-z","2024-05-16T08:22:07.902+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00246-023-03114-z",[697,730,743,763,785,809],{"id":698,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":699,"affiliations":700,"properties":727,"displayName":729,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"13e26ad7-692e-4a80-9a14-f1360771e494",[132],[701,709,718],{"id":702,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":703,"properties":20},"8e32b47d-6174-4b7e-adf7-0d86ed56402b",{"id":702,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":704,"slug":20,"properties":705,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":708,"statistic":20},[],{"title":706},{"VI":707},"Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel",[],{"id":710,"sortIndex":93,"affiliation":711,"properties":717},"da2bbe35-9a67-4ace-9f73-969e2165178e",{"id":710,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":712,"slug":20,"properties":713,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":716,"statistic":20},[],{"title":714},{"VI":715},"Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Gan, Israel",[],{},{"id":719,"sortIndex":94,"affiliation":720,"properties":726},"5c86ceb1-79df-4306-a433-4133666bb00b",{"id":719,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":721,"slug":20,"properties":722,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":725,"statistic":20},[],{"title":723},{"VI":724},"The Edmond J. 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Signal-averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) identifies slowly conducting, diseased myocardium. We sought to determine whether SAECG is a sensitive, noninvasive transplant surveillance method in the young. Ninety-four SAECGs recorded prior to biopsy in 20 young transplant (OHT) patients and those from 15 healthy age-matched controls (CTL) were analyzed. In the OHT group, 56 no-rejection (NOREJ) (ISHLT grades 0 or 1 A) and 37 acute rejection (REJ) (ISHLT grades IB, 2, and 3A) SAECGs were compared, SAECGs were filtered at 40–255 Hz. Total QRS duration (QRSd), duration of terminal low amplitude of QRS under 40 μV (LAS), and root mean square amplitude of terminal 40 msec of QRS (RMS40) were compared. SAECGs were significantly different in CTL vs NOREJ but not in NOREJ vs REJ: QRSd, 81.7 ± 8, 107.2 ± 18.4, and 112.3 ± 21.6 msec, respectively; LAS, (18 ± 5.8, 23.6 ± 10.7, and 27 ± 14.8 msec, respectively; and RMS40, (169.3 ± 100.4, 68 ± 48.8, and 57.5 ± 45.6 μV, respectively. Children following OHT exhibited significant differences in the SAECG compared to controls. Differences between the NOREJ and REJ groups were negligible. Therefore, SAECG may not be effective in detecting OHT rejection in the young.",{"EN":900},"Efficacy of Signal-Averaged Electrocardiography in the Young Orthotopic Heart Transplant Patient to Detect Allograft Rejection",{"VOID":902},"[\"2183616778946329538\"]",{"VOID":904},"Alimed MW, Kadish AH, Inbar S, et al. (1997) Autonomic effects on noise recorded during signal-averaged electrocardiography. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 20:1796–1799\nBainbridge AD, Cave M, Newell S, et al. (1999) The utility of pacemaker evoked T wave amplitude for the noninvasive diagnosis of cardiac allograft rejection. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 22:942–946\nBeckers F, Ramaekers D, Speijer G, et al. (2004) Different evolutions in heart rate variability after heart transplantations 0-year follow-up. Transplantation 78:1523–1531\nBengel FM, Ueberfuhr P, Hesse T, et al. (2002) Clinical determinants of ventricular sympathetic reinnervation after orthotopic heart transplantation. Circulation 106:831–835\nBieber CP, Stinson EB, Shumway NE (1969) Pathology of the conduction system in cardiac rejection, Circulation 39:567–575\nBillingham ME, Cary N, Hammond ME, et al. (1990) A working formulation for the standardization of nomenclature in the diagnosis of heart and lung rejection: Heart Rejection Study Group. The International Society for Heart Transplantation. J Heart Transpl 9:587–593\nBoucek MM (2000) Surveillance endomyocardial biopsy in pediatric heart transplantation: Fashion or Foible? Pediatr. Transpl 4:173–176\nBoucek RJ, Boucek MM (2002) Pediatric heart transplantation. Curr Opin Pediatic 14:611–619\nBourge R, Eisen H, Hershberger R, et al. (1998) Noninvasive rejection monitoring of cardiac transplants using high resolution intramyocardial electrograms: initial U.S. multicenter experience. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 21:2338–2344\nCalzolari V, Angelini A, Basso C, et al. (1999) Histologic findings in the conduction system after cardiac transplantation and correlation with electrocardiographic findings, Am J Cardiol 84:756–759\nDanford DA, Stelling JA, Kugler JD, et al. (1989) Signal-averaged electrocardiography of the terminal QRS in healthy young adults. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 12:1712–1716\nDavis AM, McCrindle BW, Hamilton RM, et al. (1996) Normal values for the signal averaged ECG. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 19:793–801\nFallah-Najmabadi H, Dahdah NS, Palcko M, et al. (1996) Normal values and tnethodologic recommendations for signal-averaged electrocardiography in children and adolescents, Am J Cardiol 77:408–412\nFrey AW, Uberfuhr P, Achakri H, et al. (1998) Detecting acute graft rejection in patients after orthotopic heart transplantation: analysis of heart rate variability in the frequency domain. J Heart Lung Transpl 17:578–585\nGoldberger JJ, Alimed MW, Parker MA, et al. (1994) Assessment of effects of autonomic stimulation and blockade on the signal-averaged electrocardiogram. Circulation 89:1656–1664\nGolshayan D, Seydoux C, Gullard Berguer D, et al. (1998) Incidence and prognostic value of electrocardiographic abnormalities after heart transplantation, Clin Cardiol 21:680–684\nGrace AA, Newell SA, Gary NRB, et al. (1991) Diagnosis of early cardiac transplant rejection by fall in evoked T wave amplitude measured using externalized QT driven rate responsive pacemaker. Paing Clin Electrophysiol 14:1024–1031\nGraceffo MA, O’Rourke RA (1996) Cardiac transplant rejection is associated with a decrease in the high-frequency components of the high-resolution, signal-averaged electrocardiogram. Am Heart J 132:820–826\nGriepp RB, Stinson EB, Dong E, et al. (1971) Acute rejection of the allografted human heart. Ann Thorac Surg 12:113–126\nHalpert I, Goldberg AD, Levine AB, et al. (1996) Reinnervation of the transplanted human heart as evidenced from heart rate variability studies. Am J Cardiol 77:180–183\nIzrailtyan I, Kresh JY, Morris RJ, et al. (2000) Early detection of acute allograft rejection by linear and nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability. J Thoracic Cardiovasc Surg 120:737–745\nKeren A, Gillis AM, Freedman RA, et al. (1984) Heart transplant rejection monitored by signal-averaged electrocardiography in patients receiving cyclosporine. Circulation 70:124–129\nKjellgren O, Gomes JA (1993) Current usefulness of the signal-averaged electrocardiogram. Curr Prob Cardiology 18:367–368\nKjellgren O, Gomes JA (1993) Recording the signal-averaged electrocardiogram. Curr Prob Cardiol 18:369–375\nLacroix D, Kacet S, Savard P, et al. (1992) Signal-averaged electrocardiography and detection of heart transplant rejection: comparison of time and frequency domain analyses. J Am Coll Cadiol 19:553–558\nLander P, Gomis P, Goyal R, et al. (1997) Analysis of abnormal intra-QRS potentials: improved predictive value for arrhythmic events with the signal averaged electrocardiogram. Circulation 95:1386–1393\nMehra MR, Uber PA, Park MH, et al. (2002) Anything but a biopsy: noninvasive monitoring for cardiac allograft rejection. Curr Opin Cardiol 17:131–136\nMoran AM, Lipshultz SE, Rifai N, et al. (2000) Non-invasive assessment of rejection in pediatric transplant patients; serologic and echocardiographic prediction of biopsy-proven myocardial rejection. J Heart Lung Transpl 19:756–764\nMorocutti G, Di Chiara A, Proclemer A, et al. (1995) Signal-averaged electrocardiography and Doppler echocardiographic study in predicting acute rejection in heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transpl 14:1065–1072\nNakagawa M, Iwao T, Abe H, et al. (2000) Influence of autonomic tone on the filtered QRS duration from signal averaged electrocardiograms in healthy volunteers. Electrocardiol 33:17–22\nPophal SG, Sigfusson G, Booth KL, et al. (1999) Complications of endomyocardial biopsy in children. J Am Coll Cardiol 34:2105–2110\nRagosta M, Pagley PR, DiMarco JP, et al. (2000) Relation between myocardial viability and abnormalities on the signal averaged electrocardiogram in patients with low (\u003C40%) ejection fraction and coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 85:405–410\nRamaekers D, Ector H, Vanhaecke J, et al. (1996) Heart rate variability after cardiac transplantation in humans. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 19:2112–2119\nRosenthal DN, Chin C, Nishimura K, et al. (2004) Identifying cardiac transplant rejection in children; diagnostic utility of echocardiography, right heart catheterization and endomyocardial biopsy data. J Heart Lung Transpl 23:323–329\nStys A, Stys T (1998) Current clinical applications of heart rate variability, Clin Cardiol 21:719–724\nVilla AE, de Marchena EJ, Myerburg RJ, et al. (1994) Comparisons of paired orthotopic cardiac transplant donor and recipient electrocardiograms. Am Heart J 127:70–74\nZiegler SI, Frey AW, Uberfuhr P, et al. (1996) Assessment of myocardial reinnervation in cardiac transplants by positron emission tomography; functional significance tested by heart rate variability. Clin Sci (London) 91:126–128",{"VOID":906},"10.1007\u002Fs00246-005-1155-5","2024-08-31T06:55:06.470+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00246-005-1155-5",[910,934,947,964,977,992],{"id":911,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":912,"affiliations":913,"properties":931,"displayName":933,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"1ea8aae5-3cc1-4529-916e-81d1f7c84a54",[132],[914,922],{"id":915,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":916,"properties":20},"cc496ecd-e2fc-44db-91ab-26a55c539460",{"id":915,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":917,"slug":20,"properties":918,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":921,"statistic":20},[],{"title":919},{"VI":920},"Duke University Medical Center, Pediatric Cardiology Division, Durham, USA",[],{"id":923,"sortIndex":93,"affiliation":924,"properties":930},"06a7afde-b40b-401e-99b8-960483d6246e",{"id":923,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":925,"slug":20,"properties":926,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":929,"statistic":20},[],{"title":927},{"VI":928},"Hospital Español, Godoy Cruz, Argentina",[],{},{"title":932},{"VI":933},"M.S. 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We examined seven consecutive patients with documented right atrial isomerism who subsequently underwent postmortem examination during a 10-year period. The degree of regurgitation and the diameters of the common valve were evaluated via cineangiography, and the site of regurgitation was evaluated by echocardiography. The morphology of the common atrioventricular valve was assessed further at autopsy. Cineangiography revealed valve diameters ranging from 14.8 to 27.8 mm (mean 20.9 mm). Valvar regurgitation was revealed within 2 months of birth in all patients. Regurgitation abruptly worsened in three patients after placement of a Blalock–Taussig shunt or a central shunt and postintubation. Autopsies revealed that the common atrioventricular valve consisted of four leaflets in five patients, and three leaflets in two. The anterior leaflets were large and protruding in all patients, and the lateral leaflets were thickened in six. All patients had a mass consisting of the left lateral leaflets and chordae with direct attachment of the chordae to the ventricular muscle (the right lateral leaflet was attached to the ventricular muscle and immobile in one patient). The lateral leaflets clung to the ventricular wall and exhibited poor movement in six patients. Leaflets with poor mobility corresponded to the regurgitant valvar site as assessed by echocardiography in six patients; and the regurgitation in three patients with acute deterioration occurred at the valvar side with poor mobility. It is concluded that the common atrioventricular valve in patients with right atrial isomerism has morphologic characteristics that may be associated with valvar regurgitation and malignant potential for abrupt deterioration after replacement of systemic–pulmonary shunting.",{"EN":1074},"Morphologic Analysis of Common Atrioventricular Valves in Patients with Right Atrial Isomerism",{"VOID":1076},"[\"339141138522976765\"]",{"VOID":1078},"10.1007\u002Fs002469900126","2024-08-30T15:15:24.862+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs002469900126",[1082,1097,1110,1123,1136,1149,1164,1177,1191],{"id":1083,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":1084,"affiliations":1085,"properties":1094,"displayName":1096,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"fa067ca2-a0d4-469c-a690-55a7312b280e",[132],[1086],{"id":1087,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1088,"properties":20},"74c33b73-2ea3-4bfb-8824-886ba4c2c94c",{"id":1087,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1089,"slug":20,"properties":1090,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1093,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1091},{"VI":1092},"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Izumi, Osaka 590-02, Japan, Japan",[],{"title":1095},{"VI":1096},"Y. 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Stroke 31:2426–2430",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1468,"url":572,"identifiers":1469},"Crispi F, Bijnens B, Figueras F, Bartrons J, Eixarch E, Le Noble F et al (2010) Fetal growth restriction results in remodeled and less efficient hearts in children. Circulation 121:2427–2436",{"doi":574},{"id":20,"text":1471,"url":20,"identifiers":1472},"Dawson JD, Sonka M, Blecha MB, Lin W, Davis PH (2009) Risk factors associated with aortic and carotid intima-media thickness in adolescents and young adults: the Muscatine Offspring Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 53:2273–2279",{},{"id":570,"text":1474,"url":572,"identifiers":1475},"Facchini FS, Hua N, Abbasi F, Reaven GM (2001) Insulin resistance as a predictor of age-related diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:3574–3578",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1477,"url":572,"identifiers":1478},"Geerts CC, Bots ML, van der Ent CK, Grobbee DE, Uiterwaal CS (2012) Parental smoking and vascular damage in their 5-year-old children. Pediatrics 129:45–54",{"doi":574},{"id":1480,"text":1481,"url":1482,"identifiers":1483},"54ca02cb-7bd9-4fdb-bde4-182b54a0ce8f","Gunes T, Koklu E, Yikilmaz A, Ozturk MA, Akcakus M, Kurtoglu S et al (2007) Influence of maternal smoking on neonatal aortic intima-media thickness, serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels. Eur J Pediatr 166:1039–1044","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00431-006-0376-9",{"doi":1484},"10.1007\u002Fs00431-006-0376-9",{"id":570,"text":1486,"url":572,"identifiers":1487},"Harrington J, Pena AS, Gent R, Hirte C, Couper J (2010) Aortic intima media thickness is an early marker of atherosclerosis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr 156:237–241",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1489,"url":572,"identifiers":1490},"Hofman PL, Regan F, Jackson WE, Jefferies C, Knight DB, Robinson EM et al (2004) Premature birth and later insulin resistance. N Engl J Med 351:2179–2186",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1492,"url":572,"identifiers":1493},"Ikari Y, McManus BM, Kenyon J, Schwartz SM (1999) Neonatal intima formation in the human coronary artery. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19:2036–2040",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1495,"url":572,"identifiers":1496},"Jarvisalo MJ, Jartti L, Nanto-Salonen K, Irjala K, Ronnemaa T, Hartiala JJ et al (2001) Increased aortic intima-media thickness: a marker of preclinical atherosclerosis in high-risk children. Circulation 104:2943–2947",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1498,"url":572,"identifiers":1499},"Koklu E, Kurtoglu S, Akcakus M, Yikilmaz A, Coskun A, Gunes T (2007) Intima-media thickness of the abdominal aorta of neonate with different gestational ages. J Clin Ultrasound 35:491–497",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1501,"url":572,"identifiers":1502},"Koklu E, Ozturk MA, Kurtoglu S, Akcakus M, Yikilmaz A, Gunes T (2007) Aortic intima-media thickness, serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and leptin levels in intrauterine growth-restricted newborns of healthy mothers. Pediatr Res 62:704–709",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1504,"url":572,"identifiers":1505},"Mannami T, Konishi M, Baba S, Nishi N, Terao A (1997) Prevalence of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic lesions detected by high-resolution ultrasonography and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors in the general population of a Japanese city: the Suita study. Stroke 28:518–525",{"doi":574},{"id":570,"text":1507,"url":572,"identifiers":1508},"McGill HC Jr, McMahan CA, Herderick EE, Malcom GT, Tracy RE, Strong JP (2000) Origin of atherosclerosis in childhood and adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr 72:1307S–1315S",{"doi":574},{"id":20,"text":1510,"url":20,"identifiers":1511},"McGill HC Jr, McMahan CA, Gidding SS (2008) Preventing heart disease in the 21st century: implications of the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study. Circulation 117:1216–1227",{},{"id":570,"text":1513,"url":572,"identifiers":1514},"Meenakshisundaram R, Devidutta S, Michaels AD, Senthilkumaran S, Rajendiran C, Thirumalaikolundusubramanian P (2011) Significance of the intima-media thickness of carotid and thoracic aorta in coronary artery disease in the South Indian population. Heart Views 12:150–156",{"doi":574},{"id":1516,"text":1517,"url":1518,"identifiers":1519},"547fa18b-cbce-4cd3-b22e-37e4162450c9","Milei J, Ottaviani G, Lavezzi AM, Grana DR, Stella I, Matturri L (2008) Perinatal and infant early atherosclerotic coronary lesions. Can J Cardiol 24:137–141","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0828282X08705701",{"doi":1520},"10.1016\u002Fs0828-282x(08)70570-1",{"id":570,"text":1522,"url":572,"identifiers":1523},"Norman M (2008) Low birth weight and the developing vascular tree: a systematic review. Acta Paediatr 97:1165–1172",{"doi":574},{"id":1525,"text":1526,"url":1527,"identifiers":1528},"9338d06a-b95e-4ec6-8ba8-52ce80f8a66a","Skilton MR, Evans N, Griffiths KA, Harmer JA, Celermajer DS (2005) Aortic wall thickness in newborns with intrauterine growth restriction. Lancet 365:1484–1486","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0140673605664197",{"doi":1529},"10.1016\u002Fs0140-6736(05)66419-7",{"id":20,"text":1531,"url":20,"identifiers":1532},"Skilton MR, Viikari JS, Juonala M, Laitinen T, Lehtimaki T, Taittonen L et al (2011) Fetal growth and preterm birth influence cardiovascular risk factors and arterial health in young adults: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 31:2975–2981",{},{"id":20,"text":1534,"url":1535,"identifiers":1536},"The standard value committee of the Japanese society for pediatric endocrinology and the Japanese association for human auxology (2012). http:\u002F\u002Fjspe.umin.jp\u002Ftaikakushisuv1.xlsx. Accessed 9 Feb 2012","http:\u002F\u002Fjspe.umin.jp\u002Ftaikakushisuv1.xlsx",{},{"id":570,"text":1538,"url":572,"identifiers":1539},"Trevisanuto D, Avezzu F, Cavallin F, Doglioni N, Marzolo M, Verlato F et al (2010) Arterial wall thickness and blood pressure in children who were born small for gestational age: correlation with umbilical cord high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Arch Dis Child 95:31–34",{"doi":574},{"id":1541,"createTime":1542,"updateTime":1543,"relativeEntities":1544,"slug":1545,"properties":1546,"entityType":123,"verifyStatus":124,"verifyTime":1557,"verifyNote":126,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":1558,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":1559,"publicationType":238,"publisherRelationship":1793,"citationCount":1845,"citationInfo":1846,"publishDate":1849,"publishYear":1847,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":1850,"indexDatabases":1851,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":296},"1fdcab27-d3e7-497e-812c-f2ad6f4bba83","2024-01-24T16:09:02.901+00:00","2026-07-23T04:50:11.735+00:00",[],"Right-Ventricle-and-Tricuspid-Valve-Function-at-Midterm-After-the-Fontan-Operation-for-Hypoplastic-Left-Heart-Syndrome-Impact-of-Shunt-Type",{"abstract":1547,"title":1549,"gsPaper":1551,"references":1553,"doi":1555},{"EN":1548},"This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes including hemodynamics, right ventricle (RV) function, and tricuspid valve (TV) function in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) at midterm after completion of staged palliation based on the source of pulmonary blood flow provided at stage 1. The records of all patients with HLHS who completed Fontan palliation between 2001 and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. The outcome variables were RV dysfunction, TV, and neo-atrioventricular (neo-AV) regurgitation (from latest echocardiogram), cardiac index (CI), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), pulmonary artery pressure (PAp), and right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDp) (from latest catheterization). Clinical status was obtained from medical records and by contact with the referring cardiologist if necessary. Of 118 patients undergoing a Fontan for HLHS, 116 had a fenestrated lateral tunnel and 2 had an extracardiac conduit. At the time of stage 1 palliation, 36 patients had a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit, and 82 patients had a modified Blalock–Taussig shunt (mBTS). All the patients except one who died of sepsis on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) survived the Fontan operation and were discharged home. At a mean follow-up post-Fontan period of 28.4 months (range, 0.16–95.3 months), three patients had died (2 on the transplantation list and 1 from pulmonary vein stenosis), and one patient had the Fontan circulation taken down. No patient had a heart transplantation. A follow-up echocardiogram was performed for 115 patients (after a mean of 15.6 months for RV-PA and 32.1 months for BTS), and 66 patients underwent a post-Fontan catheterization (after a mean of 15.8 months for RV-PA and 29.3 months for BTS). The hemodynamic results for RV-PA conduit versus BTS were a CI of 3.4 ± 0.8 versus 3.4 ± 1.2, a PVR of 1.8 ± 0.7 versus 1.7 ± 0.8, a PAp of 14.3 ± 3.1 versus 14.2 ± 4.5, and an RVEDp of 7.1 ± 3.3 versus 8.9 ± 5.3. No statistically significant differences were found between shunt types regarding survival or degree of RV dysfunction or in terms of neo-AV regurgitation, CI, PVR, PAp, RVEDp, or rhythm problems. Patients in the BTS group required more tricuspid valvuloplasties and had more tricuspid regurgitation at follow-up evaluation. The patients in the RV-PA group had more PA interventions. In conclusion, the contemporary results after Fontan palliation for HLHS were excellent. At the midterm follow-up evaluation, outcomes and hemodynamic data were similar between shunt types. However, the patients in the BTS group exhibited more tricuspid regurgitation, and the patients in the RV-PA group had increased pulmonary artery interventions.",{"EN":1550},"Right Ventricle and Tricuspid Valve Function at Midterm After the Fontan Operation for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: Impact of Shunt Type",{"VOID":1552},"[\"1567653707930833202\"]",{"VOID":1554},"Ballweg JA, Dominguez TE, Ravishankar C, Kreutzer J, Marino BS, Bird GL et al (2007) A contemporary comparison of the effect of shunt type in hypoplastic left heart syndrome on the hemodynamics and outcome at stage 2 reconstruction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 134:297–303\nBautista-Hernandez V, Marx GR, Gauvreau K, Pigula FA, Bacha EA, Mayer JE Jr, del Nido PJ (2007) Coarctectomy reduces neoartic arch obstruction in hypoplastic left heart syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 133:1540–1546\nCua CL, Thiagarajan RR, Taeed R, Hoffman TM, Lai L, Hayes J, Laussen PC, Feltes TF (2005) Improved interstage mortality with the modified Norwood procedure: a meta-analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 80:44–49\nCua CL, Thiagarajan RR, Gauvreau K et al (2006) Early postoperative outcomes in a series of infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome undergoing stage I palliation operation with either modified Blalock–Taussig shunt or right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit. Pediatr Crit Care Med 7:238–244\nGriselli M, McGuirk SP, Ofoe V, Stumper O, Wright JG, de Giovanni JV, Barron DJ, Brawn WJ (2006) Fate of pulmonary arteries following Norwood procedure. Eur J Cardiothoracic Surg 30:930–935\nHehir DA, Dominguez TE, Ballweg JA, Ravishankar C, Marino BS, Bird GL et al (2008) Risk factors for interstage death after stage 1 reconstruction for hypoplastic left heart syndrome and variants. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 136:94–99\nLai L, Laussen PC, Cua CL, Wessel DL, Costello JM, del Nido PJ et al (2007) Outcomes after bidirectional Glenn operation: Blalock–Taussig shunt versus right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit. Ann Thorac Surg 83:1768–1773\nMaher KO, Pizarro C, Gidding SS, Januszewska K, Malec E, Norwood WI Jr, Murphy JD (2003) Hemodynamic profile after the Norwood procedure with right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit. Circulation 108:782–784\nMayer JE Jr, Helgason H, Jonas RA, Lang P, Vargas FJ, Cook N, Castaneda AR (1986) Extending the limits of the Fontan procedure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 92:1021–1028\nNorwood WI, Lang P, Castaneda AR, Campbell DN (1981) Experience with operations for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 82:511–519\nNorwood WI, Lang P, Hansen DD (1983) Physiologic repair of aortic atresia-hypoplastic left heart syndrome. N Engl J Med 45:87–91\nOhye RG, Ludomirsky A, Devaney EJ, Bove EL (2004) Comparison of right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit and modified Blalock–Taussig shunt hemodynamics after the Norwood operation. Ann Thorac Surg 78:1090–1093\nOhye RG, Gaynor JW, Ghanayem NS, Goldberg CS, Laussen PC, Frommelt PC et al (2008) Design and rationale of a randomized trial comparing the Blalock–Taussig and right ventricle-pulmonary artery shunts in the Norwood procedure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 136:968–975\nPizarro C, Malec E, Maher KO, Januszewska K, Gidding SS, Murdison KA et al (2003) Right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit improves outcome after stage I Norwood for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Circulation 108(1):II155–II160\nSano S, Ishino K, Kawada M, Arai S, Kasahara S, Asai T et al (2003) Right ventricle-pulmonary artery shunt in first-stage palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 126:504–509\nSano S, Ishino K, Kado H, Shiowaka Y, Sakamoto K, Yokota M, Kawada M (2004) Outcome of right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery shunt in first-stage palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: a multi-institutional study. Ann Thorac Surg 78:1951–1957\nSano S, Huang SC, Kasahara S, Yoshizumi K, Kotani Y, Ishino K (2009) Risk factors for mortality after the Norwood procedure using right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery shunt. Ann Thorac Surg 87:178–185\nScheurer MA, Salvin JW, Vida VL, Fynn-Thompson F, Bacha EA, Pigula FA et al (2008) Survival and clinical course at Fontan after stage one palliation with a modified Blalock–Taussig shunt or a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit. JACC 52:52–59\nSimsic JM, Bradley SM, Stroud MR, Atz AM (2005) Risk factors for interstage death after the Norwood procedure. Pediatr Cardiol 26:400–403\nTabbutt S, Dominguez TE, Ravishankar C, Marino BS, Gruber PJ, Wernovsky G et al (2005) Outcomes after stage I reconstruction comparing the right ventricular-to-pulmonary artery conduit with the modified Blalock–Taussig shunt. Ann Thorac Surg 80:1291–1582\nTweddell JS, Hoffman GM, Mussatto KA, Fedderly RT, Berger S, Jaquiss RD et al (2002) Improved survival of patients undergoing palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: lessons learned from 115 consecutive patients. Circulation 106(Suppl 1):I82–I89",{"VOID":1556},"10.1007\u002Fs00246-010-9835-1","2024-05-27T23:28:54.585+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00246-010-9835-1",[1560,1585,1609,1629,1649,1669,1689,1709,1729,1742,1763],{"id":1561,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":1562,"affiliations":1563,"properties":1580,"displayName":1582,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"08344506-cd43-4cbb-bfca-44f4fc76ef9f",[132],[1564,1572],{"id":1565,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1566,"properties":20},"3d5243a0-87ca-46ad-a534-6ac5a7c8056a",{"id":1565,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1567,"slug":20,"properties":1568,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1571,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1569},{"VI":1570},"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, 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The study was conducted in the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) of a single, tertiary care, academic children’s hospital. A retrospective review of the charts for all children (up to 18 years of age) with signs and symptoms consistent with congestive heart failure who received DEX in our CVICU between April 2006 and April 2011 was performed. The patients were divided into two groups for study purposes: the DEX group of 21 patients, who received a DEX infusion together with other conventional sedation agents, and the control group of 23 patients, who received conventional sedation agents without the use of DEX. To evaluate the safety of DEX, physiologic data were collected including heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and inotrope score. To assess the efficacy of DEX, the amount and duration of concomitant sedation and analgesic infusions in both the DEX and control groups were examined. The numbers of rescue boluses for each category before the initiation of sedative infusion and during the sedative infusion also were examined. The baseline characteristics of the patients in the two groups were similar. There was no effect of DEX infusion on heart rate, MAP, or inotrope score at the termination of infusion. The daily amount of midazolam administered was significantly less during the last 24 h of DEX infusion in the DEX group than in the control group (p = 0.04). The daily amount of morphine infusion did not differ between the DEX and control groups during any period. The numbers of sedation and analgesic rescue boluses were lower in DEX group throughout the infusion. No other significant side effects were noted. Two patients in the DEX group had a 50 % or greater drop in MAP compared with baseline in the first 3 h after initiation of DEX infusion, whereas one patient had a 50 % or greater drop in heart rate compared with baseline in the first 3 h after initiation of DEX infusion. Administration of DEX for children with heart failure appears to be safe but should be used cautiously. 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