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The quest for the test tube of youth. The Globe and Mail, January 10.\nAlexander, B. 2008. Selling longer life—or snake oil? http:\u002F\u002Fwww.msnbc.msn.com\u002Fid\u002F23358976\u002F. Accessed 9 Mar 2009.\nBrown, N. 2003. Hope against hype—accountability in biopasts, presents and futures. Science Studies 16 (2): 3–21.\nCalasanti, T. 2007. Bodacious berry, potency wood and the aging monster: Gender and age relations in anti-aging ads. Social Forces 86 (1): 335–355.\nCientifica. 2008. Nanotechnology opportunity report, 3rd ed. London: Cientifica Ltd.\nConrad, P. 1992. Medicalization and social control. Annual Review of Sociology 18: 209–232.\nDeb, K.D., A.D. Jayaprakash, V. Sharma, and S. Totey. 2007. Embryonic stem cells: From markers to market. Rejuvenation Research 11: 1.\nDepartment of Health. 2003. Our inheritance, our future: Realising the potential of genetics in the NHS. Norwich: HMSO.\nDrug Week. 2009. Scientists unlock possible aging secret in genetically altered fruit fly, February 20.\nEbeling, M. 2008. Mediating uncertainty: Communicating the financial risks of nanotechnologies. Science Communication 29 (3): 335–361.\nEncyclopedia of Emerging Industries. 2007. Encyclopedia of emerging industries, 5th ed. Detroit: Thomson Gale.\nElliott, C. 2003. Better than well: American medicine meets the American dream. New York: W.W. Norton and Company.\nEuromonitor International. 2006. World consumer spending 2006\u002F2007, 7th ed. London: Euromonitor International.\nFarrelly, C. 2008. Analysis: Has the time come to take on time itself? British Medical Journal 337: a414.\nFishman, J.R., R.H. Binstock, and M.A. Lambrix. 2008. Anti-aging science: The emergence, maintenance, and enhancement of a discipline. Journal of Aging Studies 22: 295–303.\nGieryn, T.F. 1999. Cultural boundaries of science: Credibility on the line. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.\nGifford-Jones, W. 2009. Anti-aging benefits found in red wine pill—you can eat fat and live as long as the French, Winnipeg Free Press, February 20.\nGottweis, H., and A. Petersen (eds.). 2008. Biobanks: Governance in comparative perspective. London and New York: Routledge.\nHaber, C. 2004. Life extension and history: The continual search for the fountain of youth. Journal of Gerontology: Biological Sciences 59A (6): 515–522.\nHayflick, L. 2004. “Anti-aging” is an oxymoron. Journal of Gerontology 59A (6): 573–578.\nHolliday, R. 2009. The extreme arrogance of anti-aging medicine. Biogerontology 10: 223–228.\nHolstein, M., and M. Minkler. 2003. Self, society and the “New Gerontology”. The Gerontologist 43: 787–797.\nHoulton, S. 2008. British biotech blues. http:\u002F\u002Fpharmexec.findpharma.com\u002Fpharmexec\u002FGlobal+Report\u002FBritish-Biotech-Blues\u002FArticleStandard\u002FArticle\u002Fdetail\u002F507982?contextCategoryId=124.\nHouse of Lords Science and Technology Committee. 2005. First report of session 2005–2006: Ageing: Scientific Aspects. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.publications.parliament.uk\u002Fpa\u002Fld200506\u002Fldselect\u002Fldsctech\u002F20\u002F20i.pdf. Accessed 19 Mar 2009.\nHughes, J.J. 2007. The struggle for a smarter world. Futures 39: 942–954.\nJasanoff, S. 2005. Designs on nature: Science and democracy in Europe and the United States. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.\nJatmiko, I.S. 2009. In the search for youthful looks, The Jakarta Post, February 22.\nKatz, S. 2001\u002F2002. Growing older without aging? Positive aging, anti-ageism, and anti-aging. Generations 25 (4): 27–32.\nKohlbacher, F., and C. Herstatt (eds.). 2008. The silver market phenomenon: Business opportunities in an era of demographic change. Berlin: Springer.\nLangreth, R. 2009. Biotech blues, Forbes Magazine, January 12. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.forbes.com\u002Fforbes\u002F2009\u002F0112\u002F090.html. Accessed 21 Mar 2009.\nLeith, S. 2009. Anti-ageing sales are built on lies and self-loathing, The Age, March 8.\nLoe, M. 2004. The rise of Viagra: How the little blue pill changes sex in America. New York: New York University press.\nLux Research. 2004. The nanotech report 2004: Investment overview and market research for nanotechnology, 3rd ed. New York: Lux Research.\nMcManus, J. 2009. Hormone replacement—it’ll keep you “frisky”, The Independent, February 19.\nMehlman, M., R.H. Binstock, E.T. Juengst, R.S. Ponsaran, and P.J. Whitehouse. 2004. Anti-aging medicine: Can consumers be better protected? The Gerontologist 44 (3): 304–310.\nMicans, P. 2005. The need for anti-aging medicine: the challenges faced to incorporate preventive medicine into the clinic and into society. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1057: 545–562.\nMinkler, M., and Estes, C. 1991. Critical perspectives on aging. Baywood Publishing Company: Amityville, New York.\nMoynihan, R., and A. Cassels. 2005. Selling sickness: How drug companies are turning us all into patients. Crowsnest, Sydney: Allen and Unwin.\nMykytyn, C.E. 2006. Contentious terminology and complicated cartography of anti-aging medicine. Biogerontology 7: 279–285.\nMykytyn, C.E. 2008. Medicalizing the optimal: Anti-aging medicine and the quandary of intervention. Journal of Aging Studies 22: 313–321.\nNational Health and Medical Research Council. 2007. Research funding facts book May 2007. Canberra: Australian Government.\nNational Health and Medical Research Council. 2008. The ageing dataset. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.nhmrc.gov.au\u002Fgrants\u002Fdataset\u002Fissues\u002Fageing.php. Accessed 21 Mar 2009.\nNational Institutes of Health. 2001. Stem cells: Scientific progress and future research directions. Washington, DC: Department of Human Services and Health.\nNational Science Foundation. 2001. Societal implication of nanoscience and nanotechnology. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.wtec.org\u002Floyola\u002Fnano\u002FNSET.Societal.Implications\u002F.\nNettleton, S. 1995. The sociology of health and illness, 1st ed. Cambridge: Polity Press.\nPálsson, G. 2008. The rise and fall of a biobank: The case of Iceland. In Biobanks: Governance in comparative perspective, ed. H. Gottweis, and A. Petersen, 41–55. London and New York: Routledge.\nPetersen, A. 2006. The genetic conception of health: Is it as radical as claimed? Health 10 (4): 481–500.\nPetersen, A. 2007. The body in question: A socio-cultural approach. London and New York: Routledge.\nPetersen, A., A. Anderson, C. Wilkinson, S. Allan. 2008. Opening the black box: Scientists’ views on the role of the news media in the nanotechnology debate. Public Understanding of Science (published online first). http:\u002F\u002Fpus.sagepub.com\u002Fcgi\u002Frapidpdf\u002F0963662507084202v1.\nRobert, L. 2004. The three avenues of gerontology: From basic research to clinical gerontology and anti-aging medicine. Another French paradox. Journal of Gerontology: Biological Sciences 59A (6): 540–542.\nRoberts, P. 2009. A sector in need of strong medicine, The Weekend Australian Financial Review, March 14–15: 14.\nRoyal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering. 2004. Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: Opportunities and uncertainties. London: RS-RAE.\nRudman, D. 2006. Shaping the active, autonomous and responsible modern retiree: An analysis of discursive technologies and their links with neo-liberal political rationality. Ageing and Society 26: 181–201.\nSeear, K., A. Petersen, and D. Bowman. 2009. The social and economic impacts of nanotechnologies: A literature review. Clayton: Monash University.\nSettersen, R.A., M.A. Flatt, and R. Ponsaran. 2008. From the lab to the front line: How individual biogerontologists navigate their contested field. Journal of Aging Studies 22: 304–312.\nStorz, P., H. Gothe, A. Daroszewska, and B. Häussler. 2008. Innovative health technologies in the “anti-aging” medicine field: Results from a systematic horizon scanning. Berlin: IGES Institut GmbH. 8–11 November. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.iges.de\u002Fpublikationen\u002Fposter__abstracts\u002Fispor_athen\u002Fe7007\u002FinfoboxContent7009\u002FPoster_2_L248-033_ger.pdf. Accessed 26 Mar 2009.\nThe Cairns Eye. 2009. Science has finally found the fountain of youth with regenerative medicine, February 18.\nTurner, L. 2004. Biotechnology bioethics and anti-aging interventions. Trends in Biotechnology 22 (5): 219–221.\nUnderwood, M., H. Bartlett, and W. Hall. 2007. Community attitudes to the regulation of life extension. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1114: 288–299.\nVincent, J.A. 2008. The cultural construction of old age as a biological phenomenon: Science and anti-ageing technologies. Journal of Aging Studies 22: 331–339.\nVincent, J.A., E. Tulle, and J. Bond. 2008. The anti-aging enterprise: Science, knowledge, expertise, rhetoric and values. Journal of Aging Studies 22: 291–294.\nWebster, T.J. 2008. Projections for nanomedicine into the next decade: but is it all about pharmaceuticals. International Journal of Nanomedicine 3 (1): i.\nWeintraub, A. 2006. Selling the promise of youth. Business Week 3976: 6.\nWick, G. 2002. Anti-aging medicine does it exist?: A critical discussion of anti-aging health projects. Experimental Gerontology 37: 1137–1140.\nWolf, A. 2005. What is anti-aging medicine? Hautarzt 56: 315–320.\nWorld Health Organization. 2002a. Genomics and world health. Report of the Advisory Committee on Health Research. Geneva: WHO.\nWorld Health Organization. 2002b. Active ageing: A policy framework. Geneva: WHO.\nYu, B.P. 1999. Approaches to anti-aging intervention: the promises and the uncertainties. Mechanisms of Aging and Development 111: 73–87.",{"EN":107},"Anti-aging medicine is characterised by significant ‘hype’, hope and promise. This article examines the conditions giving rise to and sustaining this field. It questions its key premises, highlights the politico-economic ‘drivers’ of its innovations, and identifies the key actor networks sustaining its practices. As the article argues, it is highly questionable whether the viability of anti-aging medicine can be sustained as a discrete field of practice in the longer term. The instability of this field stems from its reliance on a faulty epistemological premise: that aging is a disease requiring technological intervention. In addition, anti-aging medicine is dependent on a series of fragile links and destabilising tendencies that threaten its long-term future. As sweeping promises regarding the ‘revolutionary’ potential of anti-aging medicine are made, financial, industry, government and public support becomes ever more contingent upon those utopian promises being realised. For reasons we discuss, this may not be possible. The article concludes by exploring the future of anti-aging medicine, highlighting a number of potential alternative scenarios.",{"EN":109},"In Search of Immortality: The Political Economy of Anti-aging Medicine",{"VOID":111},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-009-0020-x","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-009-0020-x",[114,131],{"id":115,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":116,"affiliations":118,"properties":128},"164ac04c-1b6c-4343-9b6e-7e1626019225",[117],"AUTHOR",[119],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":120,"properties":20},{"id":121,"createTime":122,"updateTime":122,"relativeEntities":123,"slug":20,"properties":124,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"3b437383-2f3c-4ddc-954f-627df179d043","2023-12-20T22:03:13.801+00:00",[],{"title":125},{"VI":126},"Sociology Program, School of Political and Social Inquiry, Monash University, Clayton, Australia","AFFILIATION",{"title":129},{"VI":130},"Alan Petersen",{"id":132,"sortIndex":45,"researcher":20,"roles":133,"affiliations":134,"properties":140},"a4754671-d712-49fc-85d7-598e4bfcc996",[117],[135],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":136,"properties":20},{"id":121,"createTime":122,"updateTime":122,"relativeEntities":137,"slug":20,"properties":138,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},[],{"title":139},{"VI":126},{"title":141},{"VI":142},"Kate Seear",{"url":112,"publisher":144,"properties":164},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":145,"slug":10,"properties":146,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":150,"manageAffiliations":151,"indexDatabases":152,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":159,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":147,"eissn":148,"title":149},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[153],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":154,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":155,"label":156,"description":157,"key":36,"publicationTags":158,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":160,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":161,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":162,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":163,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":165,"pages":167},{"VOID":166},"1",{"VOID":168},"267-279","2009-10-07",2009,{"id":172,"createTime":173,"updateTime":173,"relativeEntities":174,"slug":20,"properties":175,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":184,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":185,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":201,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":226,"publishYear":170,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"2da38f31-c6f3-4625-b612-ce815d8f5f57","2024-01-26T21:58:53.107+00:00",[],{"references":176,"abstract":178,"title":180,"doi":182},{"VOID":177},"Adams, Mark B. ed. 1990. The well-born science: Eugenics in Germany, France, Brazil, and Russia. New York: Oxford University Press.\nAllen, Garland. 1986. The Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor, 1910–1940: An Essay in Institutional History. Osiris (Second Series) 2: 225–264.\nAndrews, Lori. 2002. Genes and patent policy: Rethinking Intellectual Property Rights. Nature Reviews Genetics 3: 803–806.\nBishop, Joseph, and Michael Waldholz. 1990. Genome: The story of the most astonishing scientific adventure of our time––the attempt to map all the genes in the human body. New York: Simon and Schuster.\nBroberg, Gunnar, and Nils Roll-Hansen. eds. 1996. Eugenics and the welfare state: Sterilization policy in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press.\nBrunius, Harry. 2006. Better for all the world: The secret history of forced sterilization and America’s quest for racial purity. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.\nCassier, Maurice. 2002. Private property, collective property, and public property in the age of genomics. International Social Science Journal 171: 88–90.\nCommittee on Intellectual Property Rights in Genomic and Protein Research and Innovation, Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy, Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, Policy, and Global Affairs, National Research Council. 2005. Reaping the benefits of genomic and proteomic research: Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation, and Public Health. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.\nEuropean Parliament. 1998 Committee on Energy, Research, and Technology. 1989–1991. Report… on the Proposal… for a Decision Adopting a Specific Research Programme in the Field of Health: Predictive Medicine: Human Genome Analysis.\nGalton, Francis. 1883. Inquiries into the human faculty. London: Macmillan.\nGillham, Nicholas Wright. 2001. A life of Sir Francis Galton: From African exploration to the birth of eugenics. New York: Oxford University Press.\nGould, Steven Jay. 1985. The Flamingo’s smile: Reflections in natural history. New York: W. W. Norton.\nHodgson, John. 1989. Editorial: Geneticism and freedom of choice. Trends in Biotechnology September: 221.\nKevles, Daniel J. 1995. In the name of eugenics: Genetics and the uses of human heredity. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.\nKevles, Daniel J. 1998. Eugenics in north America. In Essays in the history of eugenics, ed. Robert A. Peel, 208–226. London: The Galton Institute.\nKevles, Daniel J. 2008. Genes, disease, and patents: Cash and community in biomedicine. In Biomedicine in the Twentieth century: Practices, policies, and politics, ed. Caroline Hannaway, 203–216. Amsterdam: IOS Press.\nKühl, Stefan. 1994. The Nazi connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism. New York: Oxford University Press.\nLa Vie En Kit, 1991. Éthique et Biologie. Paris: L’Arche de la Defense.\nLarson, Edward J. 1995. Sex, race, and science: Eugenics in the deep south. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.\nLombardo, Paul. 2008. Three generations, no imbeciles: Eugenics, the supreme court, and Buck v. Bell. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.\nMcLaren, Angus. 1990. Our own master race: Eugenics in Canada, 1885–1945. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart.\nPaul, Diane B. 1995. Controlling human heredity, 1865 to the present. New York: Humanity Books.\nProctor, Robert. 1988. Racial hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.\nReilly, Philip. 1991. The surgical solution: A history of involuntary sterilization in the United States. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.\nStepan, Nancy L. 1991. The hour of eugenics: Race, gender, and nation in Latin America. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.\nU.S. Supreme Court, Buck v. Bell. 1927. 274 U.S. 201-7.\nWright, Robert. 1990. Achilles Helix. The New Republic, 203(July 9 & 16): 27.",{"EN":179},"This article assesses the potential impact of current genomics research on human rights against the backdrop of the eugenics movement in the English-speaking world during first third of the twentieth century, The echo of eugenic interventions in societies far beyond Nazi Germany reverberates in the ethical debates triggered by the potential inherent in recent molecular biological developments. Mandatory eugenic restrictions of reproductive freedom seem less likely in countries committed to civil liberties than under authoritarian governments. More likely, consumer choice might sustain a trend towards voluntary “improvement” of biological inheritance in the future. However, the increasing availability of genetic information and the patenting of human genes may lead, respectively, to a loss of reproductive autonomy and a reduction in equitable access to medical care; hence new regulations and\u002For legislation may be required to ensure appropriate control over genetic information and use of intellectual property rights in human genes.",{"EN":181},"Eugenics, the Genome, and Human Rights",{"VOID":183},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-009-0010-z","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-009-0010-z",[186],{"id":187,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":188,"affiliations":189,"properties":198},"401d80fb-dddf-4d17-b246-b449497b8ec1",[117],[190],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":191,"properties":20},{"id":192,"createTime":193,"updateTime":193,"relativeEntities":194,"slug":20,"properties":195,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"9ab2186e-3179-493c-8b84-71ada572ad92","2024-01-30T11:18:36.137+00:00",[],{"title":196},{"VI":197},"Department of History, Yale University, New Haven, USA",{"title":199},{"VI":200},"Daniel J. Kevles",{"url":184,"publisher":202,"properties":222},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":203,"slug":10,"properties":204,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":208,"manageAffiliations":209,"indexDatabases":210,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":217,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":205,"eissn":206,"title":207},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[211],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":212,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":213,"label":214,"description":215,"key":36,"publicationTags":216,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":218,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":219,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":220,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":221,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":223,"pages":224},{"VOID":166},{"VOID":225},"85-93","2009-07-25",{"id":228,"createTime":229,"updateTime":230,"relativeEntities":231,"slug":232,"properties":233,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":242,"verifyTime":230,"verifyNote":243,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":244,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":245,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":261,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":287,"publishYear":288,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"993c0bec-2877-4608-ae9e-5518b8b9a747","2024-01-20T22:16:33.824+00:00","2025-02-15T20:41:38.746+00:00",[],"The-Evaluation-of-Psychopharmacological-Enhancers-Beyond-a-Normative-Natural-Artificial-Dichotomy",{"references":234,"abstract":236,"title":238,"doi":240},{"VOID":235},"Ach, J.S., and A. 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Berlin: Springer Medizin Verlag.\nSchöne-Seifert, B. et al., ed. 2009. Neuro-Enhancement. Ethik vor neuen Herausforderungen. Paderborn: Mentis.\nSchöne-Seifert, B., and D. Talbot, eds. 2009. Enhancement. Die ethische Debatte. Paderborn: Mentis.\nSolomon, P., et al. 2002. Ginkgo for Memory Enhancement. A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 288: 835–840.\nStarke, K. 2005. Methylxanthine. In Allgemeine und spezielle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, ed. K. Aktories, et al., 187–191. München: Elsevier Urban & Fischer.\nStork, S.W. 2007. Neuropharmaceuticals: A historical perspective. In Sind die Gedanken frei? Die Neurowissenschaften in Geschichte und Gegenwart, eds. D. Groß and S. Müller, 208–225. Berlin: Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft.\nSzentpetery, V. July 2008. Die gedopte Elite. Technology Review: 34–39.\nVincent, J.A. 2008. The cultural construction old age as a biological phenomenon: Science and anti-ageing technologies. Journal of Aging Studies 22: 331–339.\nWesensten, N.J., et al. 2005. Performance and alterness effects of caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil during sleep deprivation. Journal of Sleep Research 14: 255–266.\nZhou, S., et al. 2004. Pharmakokinetic interactions of drugs with St John’s wort. Journal of Psychopharmacology 18(2): 262–276.",{"EN":237},"The extra-therapeutic use of psychotropic drugs to improve cognition and to enhance mood has been the subject of controversial discussion in bioethics, in medicine but also in public for many years. Concerns over a liberal dealing with pharmacological enhancers are raised not only from a biomedical–pharmacological perspective, but particularly from an ethical one. Within these ethical concerns, there is one objection about the normative differentiation between “natural” and “artificial” enhancers, which is theoretically indeed widely discredited in bioethics, which has, however, entrenched itself in such a persistent way in everyday moral consciousness that it keeps a crucial influence on the assessment of pharmacological enhancers made by the public and medical professionals. This paper tries to first show why a normative differentiation between “natural” and “artificial” enhancers is highly problematic. In a second step, the resulting implications for our current dealing with pharmacological enhancers shall be examined. In a specific comparison of synthetic pharmaceuticals (modafinil, SSRIs) with phytopharmaceuticals (ginkgo biloba, St. John’s wort) and other already established enhancers (alcohol, caffeine), argumentative inconsistencies are pointed out which, at least partly, result from a rationally untenable preference for the “natural” over the “artificial”. Therefore, it is conclusively argued the case for an unprejudiced assessment of pharmacological enhancers beyond a “natural”–“artificial” dichotomy, which equally takes into account biomedical and ethical aspects. The goal is to reach a coherent dealing with pharmacological enhancement in the long run.",{"EN":239},"The Evaluation of Psychopharmacological Enhancers Beyond a Normative “Natural”–“Artificial” Dichotomy",{"VOID":241},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-011-0060-x","VERIFIED","Auto Verify","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-011-0060-x",[246],{"id":247,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":248,"affiliations":249,"properties":258},"f8a80093-b088-42c3-b710-9b45ee76f6fc",[117],[250],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":251,"properties":20},{"id":252,"createTime":253,"updateTime":253,"relativeEntities":254,"slug":20,"properties":255,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"62da978e-13c2-4877-81ea-2476db146afa","2024-02-12T09:34:29.651+00:00",[],{"title":256},{"VI":257},"Institute for History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany",{"title":259},{"VI":260},"Jakov Gather",{"url":244,"publisher":262,"properties":282},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":263,"slug":10,"properties":264,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":268,"manageAffiliations":269,"indexDatabases":270,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":277,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":265,"eissn":266,"title":267},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[271],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":272,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":273,"label":274,"description":275,"key":36,"publicationTags":276,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":278,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":279,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":280,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":281,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":283,"pages":285},{"VOID":284},"3",{"VOID":286},"19-27","2011-05-19",2011,{"id":290,"createTime":291,"updateTime":292,"relativeEntities":293,"slug":294,"properties":295,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":242,"verifyTime":292,"verifyNote":243,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":302,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":303,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":319,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":345,"publishYear":346,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"e2e89293-8e83-43e7-ac28-c12ee1d56511","2024-01-27T23:54:27.710+00:00","2025-02-11T20:21:19.020+00:00",[],"Mahesh-Ananth-In-Defense-of-an-Evolutionary-Concept-of-Health-Nature-Norms-and-Human-Biology",{"references":296,"title":298,"doi":300},{"VOID":297},"Canguilhem, G. 1991. The normal and the pathological. New York: Zone Books.\nEngel, G.L. 1977. The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science 196(4286): 129–136.\nJewson, N.D. 1976. The disappearance of the sick man from medical cosmology 1770–1870. Sociology 10: 225–244.\nSusser, M., and E. Susser. 1996. Choosing a future for epidemiology II. From black box to Chinese boxes and eco epidemiology. American Journal of Public Health 86(5): 674–677.",{"EN":299},"Mahesh Ananth: In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health: Nature, Norms and Human Biology",{"VOID":301},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-014-0088-9","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-014-0088-9",[304],{"id":305,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":306,"affiliations":307,"properties":316},"253c5308-3d06-4895-aaca-86091f76dce3",[117],[308],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":309,"properties":20},{"id":310,"createTime":311,"updateTime":311,"relativeEntities":312,"slug":20,"properties":313,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"dc2b68cc-b25d-41a7-954e-e71a551ca346","2024-01-27T23:54:27.815+00:00",[],{"title":314},{"VI":315},"Centre for Public Health, School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, India",{"title":317},{"VI":318},"Mathew George",{"url":302,"publisher":320,"properties":340},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":321,"slug":10,"properties":322,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":326,"manageAffiliations":327,"indexDatabases":328,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":335,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":323,"eissn":324,"title":325},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[329],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":330,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":331,"label":332,"description":333,"key":36,"publicationTags":334,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":336,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":337,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":338,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":339,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":341,"pages":343},{"VOID":342},"4",{"VOID":344},"113-117","2014-03-21",2014,{"id":348,"createTime":349,"updateTime":350,"relativeEntities":351,"slug":352,"properties":353,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":242,"verifyTime":350,"verifyNote":243,"syncStatus":19,"languages":364,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":366,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":367,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":407,"citationCount":428,"citationInfo":429,"publishDate":431,"publishYear":97,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":432,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"66726460-3538-4899-a61c-19e2546f2763","2024-04-15T06:34:05.368+00:00","2025-02-01T20:10:26.738+00:00",[],"Medical-Imaging-Pictures-as-if-and-the-Power-of-Evidence",{"mag":354,"keywords":356,"openalex":357,"abstract":359,"title":360,"doi":362},{"VOID":355},"2108074980",{},{"VOID":358},"W2108074980",{},{"EN":361},"Medical Imaging: Pictures, “as if” and the Power of Evidence",{"VOID":363},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-010-0053-1",[365],"EN","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-010-0053-1",[368,386],{"id":369,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":370,"affiliations":371,"properties":381},"606b06fc-3e88-47e1-90ec-e532c394f0d4",[],[372],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":373,"properties":20},{"id":374,"createTime":375,"updateTime":375,"relativeEntities":376,"slug":377,"properties":378,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"79deff30-fafb-41d1-b39b-afa0e22657be","2023-11-26T04:54:20.327+00:00",[],"Universit%C3%A4t-Bochum-Bochum-Germany",{"title":379},{"VI":380},"Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany",{"openalex":382,"title":384},{"VOID":383},"A5055052647",{"EN":385},"Irmgard Müller",{"id":387,"sortIndex":45,"researcher":20,"roles":388,"affiliations":389,"properties":400},"960c6f70-a1be-4dd4-82a9-ef6f8c7da411",[],[390],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":391,"properties":20},{"id":392,"createTime":393,"updateTime":394,"relativeEntities":395,"slug":396,"properties":397,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"054b5c8a-100e-4f13-addf-97a8b47971d2","2024-04-15T06:34:05.433+00:00","2025-06-11T18:28:54.022+00:00",[],"Institute-of-the-History-Philosophy-and-Ethics-of-Medicine-Universit%C3%A4t-Ulm-Ulm-Germany",{"title":398},{"EN":399},"Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany",{"openalex":401,"orcid":403,"title":405},{"VOID":402},"A5010499104",{"VOID":404},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-9065-3395",{"EN":406},"Heiner Fangerau",{"url":20,"publisher":408,"properties":20},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":409,"slug":10,"properties":410,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":414,"manageAffiliations":415,"indexDatabases":416,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":423,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":411,"eissn":412,"title":413},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[417],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":418,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":419,"label":420,"description":421,"key":36,"publicationTags":422,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":424,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":425,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":426,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":427,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},3,{"total":428,"publishYear":20,"statisticByYear":430},{"2018":45},"2010-12-01",[433,437,440,443,447,451,455,458,461,465,469,472,475,478,481,485,488,492,495,498,502,505,509,512,515,518,521,525,529,532,535,538,541,545,548,551,555,558,561,565,568,571,574,577,580,583,586,589,592],{"id":20,"text":434,"url":20,"identifiers":435},"Adelmann, R., J. Frercks, et al. 2009. Datenbilder. Zur digitalen Bildpraxis in den Naturwissenschaften. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag.",{"doi":436},"10.14361\u002F9783839410417",{"id":20,"text":438,"url":20,"identifiers":439},"Astruc, J. 1740. De Morbis Venereis Libri novem. Paris: Editio altera. Tomus II.",{},{"id":20,"text":441,"url":20,"identifiers":442},"Bertalanffy, L. von. 1986. Vahingers Lehre von der analogischen Fiktion in ihrer Bedeutung für die Naturphilosophie. In Die Philosophie des Als Ob und das Leben. Festschrift zu Hans Vaihingers 80. Geburtstag, ed. A. Seidel, 82–91. Aalen: Scientia.",{},{"id":20,"text":444,"url":20,"identifiers":445},"Burri, R. 2008. Doing images. Zur Praxis medizinischer Bilder. Bielefeld: Transcript",{"doi":446},"10.14361\u002F9783839408872",{"id":20,"text":448,"url":20,"identifiers":449},"Cambrosio, A., D. Jacobi, et al. 1993. Ehrlich’s „beautiful pictures” and the controversial beginnings of immunological imagery. Isis 84: 662–699.",{"doi":450},"10.1086\u002F356636",{"id":20,"text":452,"url":20,"identifiers":453},"Christ, E., and A. Tauber. 1997. Debating humoral immunity and epistemology: The rivalry of the immunochemists Jules Bordet and Paul Ehrlich. Journal of the History of Biology 30: 321–356.",{"doi":454},"10.1023\u002FA:1004269605715",{"id":20,"text":456,"url":20,"identifiers":457},"Dalenpatius [=Francois Plantade] 1699–1700. Extrait d′une Lettre de M. DALENPATIUS à l’Auteur de ces Nouvelles, contenant une découverte curieuse, faite par le moyen du Microscope. In: Nouvelles de la République des Lettres, t. IV, pp 552–554.",{},{"id":20,"text":459,"url":20,"identifiers":460},"Dijck, J.V. 2005. The transparent body: A cultural analysis of medical imaging. Seattle: University of Washington Press.",{},{"id":20,"text":462,"url":20,"identifiers":463},"Dommann, M. 2004. Vom Bild zum Wissen: Eine Bestandsaufnahme wissenschaftshistorischer Bildforschung. Gesnerus 61: 77–89.",{"doi":464},"10.1163\u002F22977953-0610102005",{"id":20,"text":466,"url":20,"identifiers":467},"Dworetzky, A. 1914. Zur erkenntnistheoretischen Würdigung der Ehrlichschen Seitenkettentheorie. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift 40: 1324–1326.",{"doi":468},"10.1055\u002Fs-0029-1190529",{"id":20,"text":470,"url":20,"identifiers":471},"Ehrlich, P. 1885. Das Sauerstoff-Bedürfniss des Organismus. Eine farbenanalytische Studie. Berlin: Hirschwald.",{},{"id":20,"text":473,"url":20,"identifiers":474},"Ehrlich, P. 1897a. Die Wertbemessung des Diphterieheilserums und deren theoretische Grundlagen. Klinisches Jahrbuch 6: 299–326.",{},{"id":20,"text":476,"url":20,"identifiers":477},"Ehrlich, P. 1897b. Zur Kenntnis der Antitoxinwirkung. Fortschritte der Medicin 15(2): 41–43.",{},{"id":20,"text":479,"url":20,"identifiers":480},"Ehrlich, P. 1899. Zur Theorie der Lysinwirkung. Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift 36: 6–9.",{},{"id":20,"text":482,"url":20,"identifiers":483},"Ehrlich, P. 1900. Croonian lecture: On immunity with special reference to cell life. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 66: 424–448.",{"doi":484},"10.1098\u002Frspl.1899.0121",{"id":20,"text":486,"url":20,"identifiers":487},"Ehrlich, P. 1901. Über Toxine und Antitoxine. Therapie der Gegenwart 42: 193–200.",{},{"id":20,"text":489,"url":20,"identifiers":490},"Ehrlich, P. 1904. Vorwort. Gesammelte Arbeiten zur Immunitätsforschung. Berlin: Hirschwald.",{"doi":491},"10.5962\u002Fbhl.title.22839",{"id":20,"text":493,"url":20,"identifiers":494},"Ehrlich, P., and J. Morgenroth. 1900. Ueber Hämolysine. Vierte Mittheilung. Berliner klinische Wochenschrift 37: 681–687.",{},{"id":20,"text":496,"url":20,"identifiers":497},"Ehrlich, P., and J. Morgenroth. 1904. Wirkung und Entstehung der aktiven Stoffe im Serum nach der Seitenkettentheorie. In Handbuch der pathogenen Mikroorganismen, Vo. 4, ed. W. 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Bielfeld: Transcript.",{"doi":528},"10.1515\u002F9783839412855-009",{"id":20,"text":530,"url":20,"identifiers":531},"Huyghens, C. 1899. Oeuvres Complètes Publiées par la Société Hollandaise des Sciences, T. 8, Correspondance 1676–1684, Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, No. 2117, pp. 58–61.",{},{"id":20,"text":533,"url":20,"identifiers":534},"Joblot, L. 1718. Descriptions et usages de plusieurs nouveaux microscopes, tant simples que composez. Paris: Jacques Collombat.",{},{"id":20,"text":536,"url":20,"identifiers":537},"Kaestner, A. 1969. Wirbellose. Lehrbuch der Speziellen Zoologie, Vol. 1, 774. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer.",{},{"id":20,"text":539,"url":20,"identifiers":540},"Kant, I. 1783. Prolegomena zu einer jeden künftigen Metaphysik. Riga: Hartknoch",{},{"id":20,"text":542,"url":20,"identifiers":543},"Kerckring, T. 1729. Opera omnia anatomica; continentia spicilegium anatomicum ostogeniam foetuum […]. Leiden: Theodor Haak und Samuel Luchthaus.",{"doi":544},"10.1163\u002F9789004579804",{"id":20,"text":546,"url":20,"identifiers":547},"Kowalewski, A. 1986. Die Haupteigenschaften der Philosophie des Als Ob. In Die Philosophie des Als Ob und das Leben. Festschrift zu Hans Vaihingers 80. Geburtstag, ed. A. Seidel, 227–235. Neudruck der Ausgabe Berlin 1932, Aalen: Scientia.",{},{"id":20,"text":549,"url":20,"identifiers":550},"Krämer, S. 2009. Bild, Schrift, Zahl. München: Fink.",{},{"id":20,"text":552,"url":20,"identifiers":553},"van Leeuwenhoek, A. 1678. Observationes […] de Natis e semine genitali Animalculis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 142: 1040–1046 (Tab. 1013).",{"doi":554},"10.1098\u002Frstl.1677.0068",{"id":20,"text":556,"url":20,"identifiers":557},"van Leeuwenhoek, A. 1719. Epistola 116 [1699]. Data Ad Regiam Societatem Londinensem. In Epistolae ad Societatem Regiam Anglicam et alios illustres viros Seu Continuatio mirandorum Arcanorum Naturae detectorum […], ed. A. v. Leeuwenhoek, 82–94. Leiden: Langerak.",{},{"id":20,"text":559,"url":20,"identifiers":560},"Lynch, M. 2006. The production of scientific images: Vision and re-vision in the history, philosophy, and sociology of science. In Visual cultures of science: Rethinking representational practices in knowledge building and science communication, ed. L. Pauwels, 26–40. Lebanon, NH: Dartmouth College Press.",{},{"id":20,"text":562,"url":20,"identifiers":563},"Murphy, K., Travers, P., and M. Walport. 2009. Janeway Immunology, 7th ed. Heidelberg: Spectrum, Akademischer Verlag.",{"doi":564},"10.1007\u002F978-3-662-44228-9",{"id":20,"text":566,"url":20,"identifiers":567},"Prévost, J. L., and J. A. Dumas. 1821–1822. Sur les Animalcules spermatiques de divers Animaux. Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d′Histoire Naturelle de Genève 1 1: 180–207.",{},{"id":20,"text":569,"url":20,"identifiers":570},"Redi, F. 1684. Osservazioni intorno agli animali viventi che si trovano negli animali viventi. Florenz: Piero Matini, Tab. 23, Fig. 1a, b.",{},{"id":20,"text":572,"url":20,"identifiers":573},"Schatiloff, P. 1908. Die Ehrlichsche Seitenkettentheorie. Erläutert und bildlich dargestellt. Mit sechs Tafeln. Jena: Verlag Gustav Fischer.",{},{"id":20,"text":575,"url":20,"identifiers":576},"Schinzel, B. (2006). Wie Erkennbarkeit und visuelle Evidenz für medizintechnische Bildgebung naturwissenschaftliche Objektivität unterminieren. Bild und Einbildungskraft. B. Hüppauf and C. Wulf. München, pp 354–370.",{},{"id":20,"text":578,"url":20,"identifiers":579},"Schurig, M. 1720. Spermatologia Historico-Medica. Seminis humani consideratio physico-medico-legalis […]. Johann Beck: Frankfurt a. M.",{},{"id":20,"text":581,"url":20,"identifiers":582},"Silverstein, A.M. 1989. A history of immunology. San Diego: Academic Press.",{},{"id":20,"text":584,"url":20,"identifiers":585},"Silverstein, A.M. 2002. Paul Ehrlich′s receptor immunology, the magnificent obsession. San Diego: Academic Press.",{},{"id":20,"text":587,"url":20,"identifiers":588},"Vaihinger, H. 1911. Die Philosophie des Als Ob. System der theoretischen, praktischen und religiösen Fiktionen der Menschheit auf Grund eines idealistischen Positivismus. Mit einem Anhang über Kant und Nietzsche. Berlin: Reuther & Reichard",{},{"id":20,"text":590,"url":20,"identifiers":591},"Valentin, G. 1837. Über die Spermatozoen der Bären. Nova Acta Physico-Medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum 21: 239–244.",{},{"id":20,"text":593,"url":20,"identifiers":594},"Vallisneri, A. 1721. Istoria della generazione dell′uomo e degli animali, se sia da′vermicelli spermatici, o dalle uova. Venedig: G. G. Hertz.",{},{"id":596,"createTime":597,"updateTime":598,"relativeEntities":599,"slug":600,"properties":601,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":242,"verifyTime":598,"verifyNote":243,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":610,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":611,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":627,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":345,"publishYear":346,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"8578a264-c223-4648-9274-61054972f7e0","2023-11-30T08:48:23.731+00:00","2024-12-30T20:08:27.872+00:00",[],"-Skin-Trade-Genealogy-of-Anti-ageing-Whiteness-Therapy-in-Colonial-Medicine",{"references":602,"abstract":604,"title":606,"doi":608},{"VOID":603},"Ahmed, Sarah. 1998. Animated borders: Skin, colour and tanning. In Vital signs: Feminist reconfigurations of the bio\u002Flogical body, ed. Margrit Shildrick, and Janet Price, 45–65. 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London: Zed Books.\nClarke, A.E., J.K. Shim, L. Mamo, J.R. Fosket, and J.R. Fishman. 2003. Biomedicalization: Technoscientific transformations of health, illness, and U.S. biomedicine. American Sociological Review 68(2): 161–194.\nEze, Emmanuel Chukwudi (ed.). 1997. Race and the enlightenment: A reader. Oxford: Oxford University Press.\nFoucault, Michel. 1994. The birth of the clinic: An archaeology of the medical perception. Trans. A.M. Sheridan-Smith. New York: Vintage Books.\nFoucault, Michel. 2003. Society must be defended: Lectures at the College De France 1975–1976, eds. Mauro Bertani and Alessandro Fontana, general eds. Francois Ewald and Alessandro Fontana, English series ed. Arnold I. Davidson (trans: David Macey). New York: Picador.\nGerlach, N., S.N. Hamilton, R. Sullivan, and P.L. Walton. 2011. Becoming biosubjects: Bodies. Systems. Technologies. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.\nGilman, Sander L. 1985. Difference and pathology: Stereotypes of sexuality, race, and madness. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.\nGlobal Industry Analysts, Inc. 2009a. Anti-ageing products: A global strategic business report (Report Code MCP-11-7). Retrieved from http:\u002F\u002Fwww.strategyr.com\u002FAnti_Ageing_Products_Market_Report.asp.\nGlobal Industry Analysts, Inc. 2009b. Skin lighteners: A global strategic business report (Report Code MCP-6140). Retrieved from http:\u002F\u002Fwww.strategyr.com\u002FSkin_Lighteners_Market_Report.asp.\nGlobal Industry Analysts, Inc. 2009c. Anti-aging products: A global strategic business report (Report Code MCP-11-7). Retrieved from http:\u002F\u002Fwww.strategyr.com\u002FAnti_Aging_Products_Market_Report.asp.\nGosai, Anjana. 2010. India’s myth of fair-skinned beauty. The Guardian. Retrieved from http:\u002F\u002Fwww.theguardian.com\u002Flifeandstyle\u002F2010\u002Fjul\u002F19\u002Findia-fair-skinned-beauty.\nHenning, Michelle. 1999. ‘Don’t touch me (I’m electric)’: On gender and sensation in modernity. In Women’s bodies: Discipline and transgression, ed. Jane Arthurs, and Jean Grimshaw, 17–47. London: Cassell.\nJacobson, Matthew Frye. 1998. Whiteness of a different color: European immigrants and the alchemy of race. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.\nJesús, Attilio. 2005. China’s new faces. Le Monde diplomatique. Retrieved from http:\u002F\u002Fmondediplo.com\u002F2005\u002F06\u002F17beauty.\nJohnson, Ryan. 2008. Commodity culture: Tropical health and hygiene in the British Empire. Endeavour 32.2: 70–74. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.endeavour.2008.03.001.\nJohnson, Ryan. 2009. European cloth and ‘tropical’ skin: Clothing material and British ideas of health and hygiene in tropical climates. Bulletin of the History of Medicine 83.2: 530–646.\nKhan, M.T.H. 2007. 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Ash-coloured whiteness: The transfiguration of Aishwarya Rai. South Asian Popular Culture 6(2): 109–123.\nParr, Hester. 2002. New body-geographies: The embodied spaces of health and medical information on the internet. Environmental and Planning D: Society and Space. 20: 73–95.\nPetersen, A., and K. Seear. 2009. In search of immortality: The political economy of anti-aging medicine. Medicine Studies 1(3): 267–279. doi:10.1007\u002Fs12376-009-0020-x.\nRose, Nikolas. 2007. The politics of life itself: Biomedicine, power, and subjectivity in the twenty-first century. Princeton: Princeton University Press.\nSeiberg, M., C. Paine, E. Sharlow, P. Andrade-Gordon, M. Costanzo, M. Eisinger, et al. 2000. Inhibition of melanosome transfer results in skin lightening. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 115: 162–167. doi:10.1046\u002Fj.1523-1747.2000.00035.x.\nSpindler, M., and C. Streubel. 2009. The media and the anti-aging medicine: Witch-hunt, uncritical reporting or fourth estate? Medicine Studies 1: 229–247. doi:10.1007\u002Fs12376-009-0028-2.\nStoler, Ann Laura. 2000. Race and the education of desire: Foucault’s history of sexuality and the colonial order of things. Durham: Duke University Press.\nStoler, Ann Laura. 2002. Carnal knowledge and imperial power: Race and intimate in colonial rule. Berkeley: University of California Press.\nVillarama, C.D., and H.I. Mailbach. 2005. Glutathione as a depigmenting agent: An overview. International Journal of Cosmetics Science 27.3:147–153. Retrieved from http:\u002F\u002Fwww.superwhiteningpills.net\u002Fglutathioneandskinwhitening.html.\nWinterich, J.A. 2007. Aging, femininity, and the body: What appearance changes mean to women with age. Gender Issues 24: 51–69.",{"EN":605},"This article investigates the extent to which the emerging trend of do-it-yourself anti-ageing skin-whitening products represents a re-articulation of Western colonial concerns with environmental pollution and racial degeneracy into concern with gendered vulnerability. This emerging market is a multibillion dollar industry anchored in the USA, but expanding globally. Do-it-yourself anti-ageing skin-whitening products purport to address the needs of those looking to fight the visible signs of ageing, often promising to remove hyper-pigmented age spots from women’s skin, and replace it with ageless skin, free from pigmentation. In order to contextualize the investigation of do-it-yourself anti-ageing skin-whitening practice and discourse, this article draws from the literature in colonial commodity culture, colonial tropical medicine, the contemporary anti-ageing discourse, and advertisements for anti-ageing skin-whitening products. First, it argues that the framing of the biomedicalization of ageing as a pigmentation problem caused by deteriorating environmental conditions and unhealthy lifestyle draws tacitly from European colonial concerns with the European body’s susceptibility to tropical diseases, pigmentation disorders, and racial degeneration. Second, the article argues that the rise of do-it-yourself anti-ageing skin-whitening commodities that promise to whiten, brighten, and purify the ageing skin of women and frames the visible signs of ageing in terms of pigmentation pathology.",{"EN":607},"‘Skin Trade’: Genealogy of Anti-ageing ‘Whiteness Therapy’ in Colonial Medicine",{"VOID":609},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-014-0089-8","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-014-0089-8",[612],{"id":613,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":614,"affiliations":615,"properties":624},"94a4c5a6-52f4-4423-a540-b096d9e7b251",[117],[616],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":617,"properties":20},{"id":618,"createTime":619,"updateTime":619,"relativeEntities":620,"slug":20,"properties":621,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"befc4399-d0e0-4931-aadc-d5bb7d98e7c2","2023-12-28T16:12:41.321+00:00",[],{"title":622},{"VI":623},"Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada",{"title":625},{"VI":626},"Amina Mire",{"url":610,"publisher":628,"properties":648},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":629,"slug":10,"properties":630,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":634,"manageAffiliations":635,"indexDatabases":636,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":643,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":631,"eissn":632,"title":633},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[637],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":638,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":639,"label":640,"description":641,"key":36,"publicationTags":642,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":644,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":645,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":646,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":647,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":649,"pages":650},{"VOID":342},{"VOID":651},"119-129",{"id":653,"createTime":654,"updateTime":654,"relativeEntities":655,"slug":20,"properties":656,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":665,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":666,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":710,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":735,"publishYear":736,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"3d4083f3-70f2-45d4-bfce-dc60d9fb4aff","2024-02-07T19:52:23.914+00:00",[],{"references":657,"abstract":659,"title":661,"doi":663},{"VOID":658},"Ballon, Bruce, and Molyn Leszcz. 2007. 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We consider PTSD as a prototype topic to realize transdisciplinary projects, because this disease is multifacetted from different points of view. Based on physiological and molecular biological research to understand the causes of this disease, conventional academic medicine (to Western medicine) and pharmacology can offer a panel of drugs for treatment, albeit only with limited success. Hence, other treatment options are indispensable. Chinese medicine is frequently regarded as alternative to complement Western medicine. In fact, Chinese medicine offers a large array of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for PTSD patients. Narrative therapy represents a non-pharmacological approach combating PTSD both in Western medicine as well as in Chinese medicine to improve quality of life of affected patients. Narratives on traumatic experiences form a new genre of life writing in Asian American literature, whose excitement is considerably fueled by the tension between fictitious and very personal narratives taken from reality. Systematic academic reflections on narratives from PTSD patients in the field of Asian American studies may support the improvement of narrative therapy in medical practice. Chinese medicine has a strong philosophical background and may, therefore, serve as junction between life sciences with their strong rational and reductionistic way to generate new knowledge and more holistic approaches in traditional medicines and humanities. In this regard, Chinese medicine may represent a missing link between life science and life writing.",{"EN":662},"Therapeutic Intervention of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder by Chinese Medicine: Perspectives for Transdisciplinary Cooperation Between Life Sciences and Humanities",{"VOID":664},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-013-0085-4","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-013-0085-4",[667,682,695],{"id":668,"sortIndex":45,"researcher":20,"roles":669,"affiliations":670,"properties":679},"2dc42f4d-fbd2-4a84-b449-1ac999073dd9",[117],[671],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":672,"properties":20},{"id":673,"createTime":674,"updateTime":674,"relativeEntities":675,"slug":20,"properties":676,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"6e37ba34-e957-4bd5-a907-671beb0fa100","2024-02-07T19:52:23.959+00:00",[],{"title":677},{"VI":678},"Department of English and Linguistics, Institute of American Studies, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany",{"title":680},{"VI":681},"Mita Banerjee",{"id":683,"sortIndex":684,"researcher":20,"roles":685,"affiliations":686,"properties":692},"0813ff3e-4ee6-4a3f-8b51-6eb00f8cbc8b",2,[117],[687],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":688,"properties":20},{"id":673,"createTime":674,"updateTime":674,"relativeEntities":689,"slug":20,"properties":690,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},[],{"title":691},{"VI":678},{"title":693},{"VI":694},"Alfred Hornung",{"id":696,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":697,"affiliations":698,"properties":707},"96881de0-8b98-4920-849d-59e234e8e672",[117],[699],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":700,"properties":20},{"id":701,"createTime":702,"updateTime":702,"relativeEntities":703,"slug":20,"properties":704,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"702edb81-efe7-4e41-ab83-ec4186496f6f","2024-02-10T15:25:20.660+00:00",[],{"title":705},{"VI":706},"Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany",{"title":708},{"VI":709},"Thomas Efferth",{"url":665,"publisher":711,"properties":731},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":712,"slug":10,"properties":713,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":717,"manageAffiliations":718,"indexDatabases":719,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":726,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":714,"eissn":715,"title":716},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[720],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":721,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":722,"label":723,"description":724,"key":36,"publicationTags":725,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":727,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":728,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":729,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":730,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":732,"pages":733},{"VOID":342},{"VOID":734},"71-89","2013-08-02",2013,{"id":738,"createTime":739,"updateTime":740,"relativeEntities":741,"slug":742,"properties":743,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":242,"verifyTime":740,"verifyNote":243,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":752,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":753,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":769,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":794,"publishYear":795,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"ef426232-9d65-4c40-9a2c-49003a98de1c","2023-12-20T05:52:50.511+00:00","2025-01-12T19:40:16.284+00:00",[],"Understanding-Schizophrenic-Delusion-The-Role-of-Some-Primary-Alterations-of-Subjective-Experience",{"references":744,"abstract":746,"title":748,"doi":750},{"VOID":745},"American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (Ed. 3) Revised (DSM II-R). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.\nBayne, T., and E. Pacherie. 2004. Experience, belief, and the interpretative fold. Philosophy Psychiatry and Psychology 11(1): 81–86.\nBentall, R.P. 1994. Cognitive biases and abnormal beliefs: Towards a model of persecutory delusions. In The neuropsychology of schizophrenia, ed. A.S. Davies, and J.C. Cutting, 337–360. Hove: Erlbaum.\nBlankenburg, W. 1971. Der Verlust der natürlichen Selbstverständlichkeit. Stuttgart: Enke.\nBlankenburg, W., and A.L. Mishara. 2004. First steps toward a psychopathology of “common sense”. Philosophy Psychiatry and Psychology 8(4): 303–315.\nBleuler, E. 1911. Dementia praecox or the group of schizophrenias. New York: International Universities Press. (1950).\nBovet, P., and J. Parnas. 1993. Schizophrenic delusions: A phenomenological approach. Schizophrenia Bulletin 19(3): 579–587.\nCampbell, J. 2001. 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Oxford: Blackwell.",{"EN":747},"This paper explores the possibility of understanding schizophrenic delusion through the role of a primary alteration of subjective experience. Two approaches are contrasted: the first defines schizophrenic delusion as a primary symptom resisting any attempt to understand, whereas the second describes delusion as a secondary symptom, to be understood as a rational reaction of the self. The paper discusses the possibility of applying this second approach to schizophrenic delusion. This leads us to raise the issue of the specificity of psychotic experiences and to wonder whether some accounts of delusion arising in neurological disorders can be generalized into psychotic delusion. A few points are addressed, demanding clarification and the rephrasing of some assumptions implied by the model of a secondary delusion. These points call for an interaction between clinical descriptions, neurocognitive explorations and a philosophical analysis of psychotic subjective experiences.",{"EN":749},"Understanding Schizophrenic Delusion: The Role of Some Primary Alterations of Subjective Experience",{"VOID":751},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-012-0078-8","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-012-0078-8",[754],{"id":755,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":756,"affiliations":757,"properties":766},"ad6f9b95-a428-42fc-9260-0ccaffd91aca",[117],[758],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":759,"properties":20},{"id":760,"createTime":761,"updateTime":761,"relativeEntities":762,"slug":20,"properties":763,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"94d1f6eb-5303-4923-b882-6e8697039966","2023-12-20T05:52:50.526+00:00",[],{"title":764},{"VI":765},"University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France",{"title":767},{"VI":768},"Sarah Troubé",{"url":752,"publisher":770,"properties":790},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":771,"slug":10,"properties":772,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":776,"manageAffiliations":777,"indexDatabases":778,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":785,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":773,"eissn":774,"title":775},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[779],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":780,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":781,"label":782,"description":783,"key":36,"publicationTags":784,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":786,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":787,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":788,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":789,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":791,"pages":792},{"VOID":284},{"VOID":793},"233-248","2012-10-26",2012,{"id":797,"createTime":798,"updateTime":799,"relativeEntities":800,"slug":801,"properties":802,"entityType":65,"verifyStatus":242,"verifyTime":799,"verifyNote":243,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":811,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":812,"publicationType":69,"publisherRelationship":828,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":853,"publishYear":97,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":20,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":98},"ec3e7f1c-6db1-455d-9f16-eb6173877a72","2024-01-26T12:34:53.344+00:00","2025-01-20T19:17:21.268+00:00",[],"Teaching-the-Anatomy-of-Death-A-Dying-Art-",{"references":803,"abstract":805,"title":807,"doi":809},{"VOID":804},"Abu-Hijelh, Marwan F., Nazih Hamdi, Satei Moqattash, Philip Harris, and Gilbert Heseltine. 1997. 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Medicine and the body. London: Sage Publications.\nWoodshead, G. Sims. 1892. Practical pathology, 3rd ed. Edinburgh and London: Young J Pentland.",{"EN":806},"Along with anatomical dissection, attendance at hospital autopsies has historically been seen as an essential part of medical education. While the use of the dead body for teaching purposes is losing favour in Australian medical schools, this shift is preceded by a significant decline in the rate of autopsies nationwide (and internationally). The decline of the autopsy has particular implications for pathology training where the capacity to perform an autopsy is a requirement. Rather than join the debates in medical literature about the merits of these shifts, this article goes behind the scenes of a hospital mortuary to study autopsy training and practice from the perspective of those who undertake it. The article first introduces the discipline of pathology—‘the science of medicine’—which is built upon centuries of post-mortem study and establishes the fact of the disappearing autopsy. The article then draws upon data from anthropological fieldwork in a Department of Anatomical Pathology to discuss some of the ways trainees manage the work of cutting up the dead. Concepts such as detachment, immersion and disciplinary practice are covered in during this unveiling of everyday practice in a hospital mortuary.",{"EN":808},"Teaching the Anatomy of Death: A Dying Art?",{"VOID":810},"10.1007\u002Fs12376-010-0042-4","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs12376-010-0042-4",[813],{"id":814,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":815,"affiliations":816,"properties":825},"6b62f8d6-21a3-4861-a485-cf9505c9a305",[117],[817],{"id":20,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":818,"properties":20},{"id":819,"createTime":820,"updateTime":820,"relativeEntities":821,"slug":20,"properties":822,"entityType":127,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21},"50083809-f9a3-48f3-a455-6434213ae94c","2024-01-26T12:34:53.356+00:00",[],{"title":823},{"VI":824},"CWHGS, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia",{"title":826},{"VI":827},"Philomena Horsley",{"url":811,"publisher":829,"properties":849},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":830,"slug":10,"properties":831,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"syncStatus":19,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":835,"manageAffiliations":836,"indexDatabases":837,"url":42,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":844,"gsStatistic":20,"type":49,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":832,"eissn":833,"title":834},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},[],[],[838],{"id":26,"indexDatabase":839,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":20,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":28,"createTime":29,"updateTime":30,"relativeEntities":840,"label":841,"description":842,"key":36,"publicationTags":843,"standard":20},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":845,"i10Index":21,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":45,"totalPublicationByYear":846,"totalCitation":21,"totalCitationByYear":847,"totalCitationPerPublication":21,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":848,"hindexLast5Year":21,"hindex":21},{},{"2010":45},{},{},{"volume":850,"pages":851},{"VOID":93},{"VOID":852},"1-19","2010-04-28"]