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Comparing\u003Cjats:italic>Wolbachia\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>‐infected and uninfected strains of the mosquito\u003Cjats:italic>Aedes albopictus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>(Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), we assessed the effects on fitness of two stressors: temperature elevation (25°C vs. 37°C) and exposure to temephos insecticide (concentration range 0.0017−0.0167 mg\u002FL) during larval development. Fitness was measured in terms of life history traits: percentage survival, development time and wing size. Insecticide treatment was associated with reduction in survival rates and wing size in both sexes, but did not affect development time or\u003Cjats:italic>Wolbachia\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>load. Temperature elevation by 12°C significantly reduced all four bionomic parameters observed in both sexes.\u003Cjats:italic>Wolbachia\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>density within individual adult mosquitoes was determined by using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the\u003Cjats:italic>wsp\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>gene. Both male and female adults had significantly lower densities of\u003Cjats:italic>Wolbachia\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>after larval rearing at the higher temperature.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":136},"Effects of temephos and temperature on\u003Ci>Wolbachia\u003C\u002Fi>load and life history traits of\u003Ci>Aedes albopictus\u003C\u002Fi>",{"VOID":138},"17044881",{"VOID":140},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.2006.00640.x","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","Auto Verify",[145],"EN","https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.2006.00640.x",[148,165],{"id":149,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":150,"affiliations":151,"properties":160,"displayName":162,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"20d0224f-36d3-44e1-bff6-bb7f1d91c4a7",[],[152],{"id":153,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":154,"properties":24},"e4dbc967-6982-423d-82e5-920b5ab6ad8e",{"id":153,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":155,"slug":24,"properties":156,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":159,"statistic":24},[],{"title":157},{"EN":158},"Centre for Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand",[],{"title":161,"openalex":163},{"EN":162},"S. 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American Mosquito Control Association, 9, 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TẮT. \u003C\u002Fjats:bold> Vectors gây bệnh leishmaniasis nội tạng (VL) \u003Cjats:italic>Phlebotomus argentipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Annandale & Brunetti phân bố rộng rãi trên toàn bộ tiểu lục địa Ấn Độ và Đông Nam Á. Việc vắng mặt VL ở những vùng như Sri Lanka được cho là do bản chất thích thú động vật của \u003Cjats:italic>P.argentipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, vì chúng không được ghi nhận là đã cắn người.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>Các nghiên cứu thực địa về \u003Cjats:italic>P. argentipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã được thực hiện ở vùng cao nguyên trung tâm Sri Lanka, gần Kandy, vào tháng 5 năm 1988. Muỗi cát đực đông hơn muỗi cái trên bò với tỷ lệ 19:1, và được phân bố đều ở mọi mật độ. Hành vi này được coi là tương tự như tập hợp của các loài Nematocera khác. Tuy nhiên, các mẫu kiểm tra hút máu người suốt đêm cho thấy tỷ lệ cắn tương tự (trung bình = 8.4, dao động từ 2–25 vết cắn mỗi đêm trong mười đêm liên tiếp) như ở miền Đông Ấn Độ nơi VL đang lưu hành. Hành vi ăn ngủ của chúng được duy trì trong suốt quá trình thuần hóa trong phòng thí nghiệm.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>ABSTRACT. \u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The visceral leishmaniasis (VL) vector \u003Cjats:italic>Phlebotomus argentipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Annandale & Brunetti is widely distributed throughout the Indian sub‐continent and S.E. Asia. The absence of VL in areas such as Sri Lanka has been attributed to the zoophilic nature of \u003Cjats:italic>P.argentipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, since they were not recorded biting man.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>Field studies on \u003Cjats:italic>P. argentipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> were undertaken in the central highlands of Sri Lanka, near Kandy, in May 1988. Male sandflies outnumbered females on cows by 19:1, and were regularly spaced at all densities. This behaviour is considered analagous to swarming in other Nematocera. However, all‐night human‐biting catches show the biting rate to be similar (mean=8.4, range 2–25 bites per night over ten consecutive nights) to that in N.E. India where VL is endemic. This anthropophagy was maintained during laboratory colonization.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":393,"VI":394},"Anthropophagy and aggregation behaviour of the sandfly \u003Ci>Phlebotomus argentipes\u003C\u002Fi> in Sri Lanka","Hành vi ăn thịt người và tập trung của muỗi cát \u003Ci>Phlebotomus argentipes\u003C\u002Fi> ở Sri Lanka",{"VOID":396},"2132972",{"VOID":398},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.1990.tb00263.x",[145],[401],"VI","https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.1990.tb00263.x",[404,421,438],{"id":405,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":406,"affiliations":407,"properties":416,"displayName":418,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"50db81e5-15c5-4811-84a9-3f4d083c1fa1",[],[408],{"id":409,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":410,"properties":24},"730b0059-bbd7-4d78-a51b-86f03d80b07d",{"id":409,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":411,"slug":24,"properties":412,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":415,"statistic":24},[],{"title":413},{"EN":414},"Dept of Medical Parasitology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.",[],{"title":417,"openalex":419},{"EN":418},"R. P. Lane",{"VOID":420},"A5001597624",{"id":422,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":423,"affiliations":424,"properties":431,"displayName":435,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"defdcee1-bcf1-40c8-8b86-b550961719fc",[],[425],{"id":409,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":426,"properties":24},{"id":409,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":427,"slug":24,"properties":428,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":430,"statistic":24},[],{"title":429},{"EN":414},[],{"orcid":432,"title":434,"openalex":436},{"VOID":433},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-5693-082X",{"EN":435},"Mary Cameron",{"VOID":437},"A5080724526",{"id":439,"sortIndex":250,"researcher":24,"roles":440,"affiliations":441,"properties":450,"displayName":452,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"250f35a6-693f-44b1-8517-7be0b03a82ce",[],[442],{"id":443,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":444,"properties":24},"5a9926f4-5147-45de-9b2b-289513558ec9",{"id":443,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":445,"slug":24,"properties":446,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":449,"statistic":24},[],{"title":447},{"EN":448},"*Zoology Department, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka",[],{"title":451,"openalex":453},{"EN":452},"Felix P. Amerasinghe",{"VOID":454},"A5031666764",{"url":24,"publisher":456,"properties":511},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":457,"slug":10,"properties":458,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":23,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"subjectFields":463,"manageAffiliations":480,"indexDatabases":491,"url":105,"thumbnailPath":24,"statistic":506,"gsStatistic":24,"type":24,"analyzePriority":24},[],{"country":459,"eissn":460,"issn":461,"title":462},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"VOID":17},{"EN":19},[464,468,472,476],{"id":28,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":465,"label":466,"description":467,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":31},{},{"id":34,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":469,"label":470,"description":471,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":37},{},{"id":40,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":473,"label":474,"description":475,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":43},{},{"id":46,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":477,"label":478,"description":479,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":49},{},[481,486],{"id":53,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":482,"slug":24,"properties":483,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":485,"statistic":24},[],{"title":484},{"EN":57},[],{"id":60,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":487,"slug":24,"properties":488,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":490,"statistic":24},[],{"title":489},{"EN":64},[],[492,499],{"id":68,"indexDatabase":493,"url":79,"indexYears":80,"academicFieldIds":498,"indexDatabaseRanking":86},{"id":70,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":494,"label":495,"description":496,"key":76,"publicationTags":497,"standard":24},[],{"EN":73,"VI":73},{"EN":73,"VI":75},[78],[82,83,84,85],{"id":88,"indexDatabase":500,"url":101,"indexYears":24,"academicFieldIds":505,"indexDatabaseRanking":24},{"id":90,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":501,"label":502,"description":503,"key":97,"publicationTags":504,"standard":24},[],{"EN":93,"VI":93},{"EN":95,"VI":96},[99,100],[103,104],{"impactFactor":25,"impactFactorByYear":507,"i10Index":108,"i10IndexLast5Year":25,"totalPublication":108,"totalPublicationByYear":508,"totalCitation":111,"totalCitationByYear":509,"totalCitationPerPublication":117,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":510,"hindexLast5Year":108,"hindex":108},{},{"1998":110,"1999":110,"2000":110,"2001":110},{"1998":113,"1999":114,"2000":115,"2001":116},{"1998":113,"1999":114,"2000":115,"2001":116},{"issue":512,"pages":514,"volume":516},{"VOID":513},"1",{"VOID":515},"79-88",{"VOID":517},"4",83,{"total":518,"publishYear":520,"statisticByYear":521},1990,{"2012":522,"2013":250,"2014":251,"2015":253,"2016":253,"2017":251,"2018":250,"2019":251,"2020":251,"2021":250,"2022":251,"2023":251,"2024":110},6,"1990-01-01",[99,86],[526,530,533,537,540,543,546,549,552,555,558,561,565,568,571,574,577,580,583,586,589,592,595],{"id":24,"text":527,"url":24,"identifiers":528},"Ashford R.W., 1974, Sandflies (Diptera: Phleboto‐midae) from Ethiopia: taxonomic and biological notes, Journal of Medical Entomology, 11, 605, 10.1093\u002Fjmedent\u002F11.5.605",{"doi":529},"10.1093\u002Fjmedent\u002F11.5.605",{"id":24,"text":531,"url":24,"identifiers":532},"Castellani A., 1904, Leishmania donovanim Ceylon, Journal of Tropical Medicine, 10, 262",{},{"id":24,"text":534,"url":24,"identifiers":535},"Chapman R.L.K., 1973, Visceral leishmaniasis in an English girl, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 66, 1110, 10.1177\u002F003591577306601125",{"doi":536},"10.1177\u002F003591577306601125",{"id":24,"text":538,"url":24,"identifiers":539},"Dhiman R.C., 1984, Host feeding patterns of sandflies in kala‐azar endemic area of Bihar by bloodmeal analysis, Indian Journal of Parasitology, 8, 205",{},{"id":24,"text":541,"url":24,"identifiers":542},"10.1146\u002Fannurev.en.14.010169.001415",{"doi":541},{"id":24,"text":544,"url":24,"identifiers":545},"Ghosh K.K., 1982, Studies on seasonal man sandfly (Phlebotomus argentipes) contact at night, Journal of the Indian Association for Communicable Diseases, 5, 14",{},{"id":24,"text":547,"url":24,"identifiers":548},"Hati A.K., 1983, Current status of leishmaniasis vector biology, 84",{},{"id":24,"text":550,"url":24,"identifiers":551},"Hati A.K., 1980, Man‐sandfly (Phlebotomus argentipes) contact: an overnight study in a West Bengal cowshed, Indian Medical Gazette, 114, 86",{},{"id":24,"text":553,"url":24,"identifiers":554},"Hati A.K. Tandon N. Sinha A. Sur S.&De N.(1987)A comparative field study of some sandfly sampling methods. Unpublished document WHO\u002F VBC\u002F87.942 World Health Organization Geneva.",{},{"id":24,"text":556,"url":24,"identifiers":557},"Lane R.P., 1986, Recent advances in the systematics of Phlebotomine sandflies, Insect Science and its Applications, 7, 225",{},{"id":24,"text":559,"url":24,"identifiers":560},"Lane R.P., 1988, Biosystematics of Haematophagous Arthropods, 77",{},{"id":24,"text":562,"url":24,"identifiers":563},"Lane R.P., 1985, Chemical analysis of the abdominal glands of two forms of Lutzomyia lon‐gipalpis: site of a possible sex pheromone, Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 79, 225, 10.1080\u002F00034983.1985.11811912",{"doi":564},"10.1080\u002F00034983.1985.11811912",{"id":24,"text":566,"url":24,"identifiers":567},"Lane R.P., 1980, Variation in the as‐coids of the sandfly Phlebotomus argentipes in a population from Patna, northern India, Journal of Communicable Diseases, 2, 216",{},{"id":24,"text":569,"url":24,"identifiers":570},"Lewis D.J., 1978, The phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Oriental Region, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 37, 217",{},{"id":24,"text":572,"url":24,"identifiers":573},"Lewis D.J., 1982, A taxonomic review of the genus Phlebotomus (Diptera: Psychodidae), Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 45, 121",{},{"id":24,"text":575,"url":24,"identifiers":576},"10.1016\u002F0035-9203(73)90258-7",{"doi":575},{"id":24,"text":578,"url":24,"identifiers":579},"Napier L.E., 1926, A study of the bionomics of Phlebotomus argentipes, wjtfi special reference to the conditions in Calcutta, Indian Medical Research Memoirs, 4, 161",{},{"id":24,"text":581,"url":24,"identifiers":582},"Smith R.A.O., 1959, Bionomics of Phlebotomus argentipes, Bulletin of the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, 7, 17",{},{"id":24,"text":584,"url":24,"identifiers":585},"Southwood T.R., 1978, Ecological Methods.",{},{"id":24,"text":587,"url":24,"identifiers":588},"Theodor O., 1938, On sandflies (Phlebotomus) from Ceylon, Siam and Malaya, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 26, 261",{},{"id":24,"text":590,"url":24,"identifiers":591},"10.2307\u002F1933159",{"doi":590},{"id":24,"text":593,"url":24,"identifiers":594},"10.2307\u002F2044",{"doi":593},{"id":24,"text":596,"url":24,"identifiers":597},"Ward R.D., 1988, Biosystematics of Haematophagous Arthropods, 257",{},{"id":599,"createTime":600,"updateTime":601,"relativeEntities":602,"slug":603,"properties":604,"entityType":141,"verifyStatus":142,"verifyTime":620,"verifyNote":143,"languages":621,"translateLanguages":622,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":623,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":624,"publicationType":182,"publisherRelationship":680,"citationCount":742,"citationInfo":743,"publishDate":746,"publishYear":744,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":747,"openAccess":24,"references":748,"isForceReanalyzing":375},"c6535327-344c-446d-b58c-186fabdca09d","2024-09-27T05:54:31.869+00:00","2025-01-12T00:25:50.157+00:00",[],"Population-structure-of-Andean-i-Triatoma-infestans-i-allozyme-frequencies-and-their-epidemiological-relevance",{"mag":605,"keywords":607,"openalex":608,"abstract":610,"title":613,"pm":616,"doi":618},{"VOID":606},"2158862482",{"VI":386},{"VOID":609},"W2158862482",{"VI":611,"EN":612},"\u003Cjats:p> \u003Cjats:italic>Triatoma infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) từ 22 địa phương vùng Andes ở Bolivia (n=968) và Peru (n=37) đã được phân tích bằng điện di enzyme đa vùng. Trong số 12 hệ gene-enzyme được phân tích, GPD, 6GPD và PGM là đa hình, trong khi ACON, G6PD, GPI, 1DH, LAP, MDH, ME, PEP-A và PEP-B là đơn hình. Tần suất allozyme đã được phân tích liên quan đến các yếu tố địa lý và khí hậu, cũng như sự hiện diện hay vắng mặt của nhiễm \u003Cjats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Tại một địa phương (Vallegrande, Bolivia), tần suất của \u003Cjats:italic>6Pgd-1\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> cao đáng kể trong nhóm trưởng thành bị nhiễm (41% trong số 85) so với nhóm không bị nhiễm (17% trong số 83) \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, mặc dù không phát hiện sự khác biệt như vậy trong nhóm phấn (n=347). Từ các địa phương khác, chỉ có côn trùng bị nhiễm \u003Cjats:italic>T. cruzi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> được tiến hành phân tích isozyme. Các quần thể của \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> trong các làng thể hiện sự giao phối tự do, trong khi sự khác biệt di truyền của \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> giữa các làng tương quan với khoảng cách giữa chúng. Cấu trúc di truyền của các quần thể tự nhiên của \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> theo mô hình ‘cô lập theo khoảng cách’, liên quan đến một loạt các hiệu ứng người sáng lập theo sau bởi sự trôi dạt di truyền, thay vì thích nghi trước các áp lực chọn lọc khác nhau. Điều này phù hợp với bằng chứng gián tiếp cho thấy \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> lan rộng, chủ yếu liên quan đến các cuộc di cư gần đây của con người, từ một nguồn gốc, có thể ở phía nam Bolivia. Việc phân loại isoenzyme của các quần thể \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> có thể được sử dụng để suy luận các nguồn tái nhiễm trong giai đoạn giám sát của các chương trình kiểm soát.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:p> \u003Cjats:italic>Triatoma infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from 22 Andean localities in Bolivia (n=968) and Peru (n=37) were analysed by multi‐locus enzyme electrophoresis. Among 12 gene–enzyme systems analysed, GPD, 6GPD and PGM were polymorphic, ACON, G6PD, GPI, 1DH, LAP, MDH, ME, PEP‐A and PEP‐B were monomorphic. Allozyme frequencies were analysed in relation to geographical and climatic factors, and the presence or absence of \u003Cjats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> infection. At one locality (Vallegrande, Bolivia), the frequency of \u003Cjats:italic>6Pgd‐1\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> was significantly higher in infected (41% of 85) than in uninfected (17% of 83) adult \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, although no such difference was found among nymphs (\u003Cjats:italic>n \u003C\u002Fjats:italic>= 347). From other localities, only insects infected with \u003Cjats:italic>T. cruzi \u003C\u002Fjats:italic>were subjected to isozyme analysis. Populations of \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> within villages showed panmixia, while genetic differentiation of \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> between villages was correlated with the distance between them. The genetic structure of \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> natural populations followed an ‘isolation by distance’ model, involving a series of founder effects followed by genetic drift, rather than adaptation in response to differential selection pressures. This conforms with circumstantial evidence that \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> spread, mainly in association with recent human migrations, from a source, probably in southern Bolivia. Isoenzyme characterization of populations of \u003Cjats:italic>T. infestans \u003C\u002Fjats:italic>could be used to infer sources of re‐infestation during the surveillance phase of control programs.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":614,"VI":615},"Population structure of Andean \u003Ci>Triatoma infestans\u003C\u002Fi>: allozyme frequencies and their epidemiological relevance","Cấu trúc quần thể của \u003Ci>Triatoma infestans\u003C\u002Fi> vùng Andes: tần suất allozyme và ý nghĩa dịch tễ học của chúng",{"VOID":617},"9513935",{"VOID":619},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.1998.00076.x","2024-09-27T05:54:31.868+00:00",[145],[401],"https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.1998.00076.x",[625,642,661],{"id":626,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":627,"affiliations":628,"properties":637,"displayName":639,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"0608e8bd-48c6-4623-b6ff-59aa1c6ffe87",[],[629],{"id":630,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":631,"properties":24},"e4f32524-c8db-4060-a072-5330c6c35b4c",{"id":630,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":632,"slug":24,"properties":633,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":636,"statistic":24},[],{"title":634},{"EN":635},"Centre IRD de Montpellier",[],{"title":638,"openalex":640},{"EN":639},"Jean‐Pierre Dujardin",{"VOID":641},"A5000737049",{"id":643,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":644,"affiliations":645,"properties":654,"displayName":658,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"b0164714-634a-4e50-bf42-94e1e17ee484",[],[646],{"id":647,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":648,"properties":24},"bd2b5988-70d6-4c2e-b3a5-5d43fd64d4de",{"id":647,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":649,"slug":24,"properties":650,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":653,"statistic":24},[],{"title":651},{"EN":652},"University of Oxford.",[],{"orcid":655,"title":657,"openalex":659},{"VOID":656},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-0290-6565",{"EN":658},"Christopher J. Schofield",{"VOID":660},"A5042398293",{"id":662,"sortIndex":250,"researcher":24,"roles":663,"affiliations":664,"properties":673,"displayName":677,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"6f6c145a-be37-4afe-827e-0fe9980f7916",[],[665],{"id":666,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":667,"properties":24},"56b83715-57a0-4cdb-bdec-d6f1c476f6dc",{"id":666,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":668,"slug":24,"properties":669,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":672,"statistic":24},[],{"title":670},{"EN":671},"Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses",[],{"orcid":674,"title":676,"openalex":678},{"VOID":675},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-5915-9647",{"EN":677},"Michel 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tắt.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> Nghiên cứu này báo cáo về độ nhạy cảm miệng của 22 loài \u003Cjats:italic>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> liên quan đến chăn nuôi ở Nam Phi đối với nhiễm virus bệnh xanh lưỡi serotype 1 (BTV‐1) và tỷ lệ tái bản của nó trong \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Kieffer và \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Meiswinkel (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) trong một loạt các khoảng thời gian ủ bệnh và nhiệt độ khác nhau. Các mẫu \u003Cjats:italic>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> thu thập từ thực địa đã được nuôi bằng máu cừu chứa 7.5 log\u003Cjats:sub>10\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>TCID\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>\u002FmL của BTV‐1, và sau đó được duy trì ở các nhiệt độ khác nhau. Sự tái bản virus được đo theo thời gian bằng cách thí nghiệm từng con ruồi trong các tế bào BHK‐21 sử dụng quy trình vi phân. Bất kể nhiệt độ ủ (10, 15, 18, 23.5 và 30°C), tỷ lệ virus trung bình\u002Fmidge, tỷ lệ nhiễm (IR) và tỷ lệ nữ bị nhiễm có tiềm năng truyền virus (TP = tỷ lệ virus\u002Fmidge ≥ 3 log\u003Cjats:sub>10\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> TCID\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>) cho thấy có sự khác biệt đáng kể, cao hơn ở \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> so với \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Kết quả từ ngày 4–10 sau khi nhiễm (dpi), ở nhiệt độ 15–30°C, cho thấy tỷ lệ IR và TP trung bình trong \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> dao động từ 36.7 đến 87.8%, và từ 8.4 đến 87.7%, tương ứng; trong \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, các giá trị tương ứng là 11.0–13.7% và 0–46.8%. Cả hai loài đều có tỷ lệ IR cao nhất ghi nhận ở 25°C và TP cao nhất ở 30°C. Thời gian cần thiết để phát triển TP trong \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> dao động từ 2 dpi ở 25°C đến 8 dpi ở 15°C. Trong \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, thời gian này dao động từ 4 dpi ở 30°C đến 10 dpi ở 23.5°C; không phát hiện được cá thể nào có TP ở 15°C. Không có bằng chứng về sự tái bản virus ở các con ruồi ở 10°C. Khi, ở các thời điểm khác nhau của quá trình ủ bệnh, từng con ruồi được chuyển từ 10°C đến 23.5°C và sau đó được thử nghiệm 4–10 ngày sau đó, virus đã được phục hồi từ cả hai loài. Tỷ lệ virus trung bình\u002Fmidge và tỷ lệ cá thể có TP và IR, cũng lại cao hơn có ý nghĩa ở \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> so với \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Ngoài ra, tỷ lệ nhiễm bệnh ở \u003Cjats:italic>C. magnus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Colaço cũng cao hơn ở \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Tỷ lệ nhiễm thấp được ghi nhận ở \u003Cjats:italic>C. bedfordi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Ingram & Macfie, \u003Cjats:italic>C. leucostictus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Kieffer, \u003Cjats:italic>C. pycnostictus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Ingram & Macfie, \u003Cjats:italic>C. gulbenkiani\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Caeiro và \u003Cjats:italic>C. milnei\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Austen. BTV‐1 không được phát hiện ở 14 loài \u003Cjats:italic>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> khác được thử nghiệm; tuy nhiên, một số trong chúng đã được thử nghiệm với số lượng hạn chế. Nghiên cứu hiện tại chỉ ra khả năng truyền bệnh đa vector cho BTV ở Nam Phi. Trong \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> và \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, tỷ lệ tái bản có sự khác biệt và bị ảnh hưởng đáng kể bởi nhiệt độ. Những phát hiện này sẽ được thảo luận trong mối liên hệ với dịch tễ học của bệnh xanh lưỡi ở Nam Phi.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>Abstract.\u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The oral susceptibility of 22 South African livestock associated \u003Cjats:italic>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> species to infection with bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV‐1) and its replication rate in \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Kieffer and \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Meiswinkel (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) over a range of different incubation periods and temperatures are reported. Field‐collected \u003Cjats:italic>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> were fed on sheep blood containing 7.5 log\u003Cjats:sub>10\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>TCID\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>\u002FmL of BTV‐1, and then held at constant different temperatures. Virus replication was measured over time by assaying individual flies in BHK‐21 cells using a microtitration procedure. Regardless of the incubation temperatures (10, 15, 18, 23.5 and 30°C) the mean virus titre\u002Fmidge, infection rates (IR) and the proportion of infected females with transmission potential (TP = virus titre\u002Fmidge ≥ 3 log\u003Cjats:sub>10\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> TCID\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>) were found to be significantly higher in \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> than in \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Results from days 4–10 post‐infection (dpi), at 15–30°C, shows that the mean IR and TP values in \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> ranged from 36.7 to 87.8%, and from 8.4 to 87.7%, respectively; in \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> the respective values were 11.0–13.7% and 0–46.8%. In both species the highest IR was recorded at 25°C and the highest TP at 30°C. The time required for the development of TP in \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> ranged from 2 dpi at 25°C to 8 dpi at 15°C. In \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> it ranged from 4 dpi at 30°C to 10 dpi at 23.5°C; no individuals with TP were detected at 15°C. There was no evidence of virus replication in flies held at 10°C. When, at various points of incubation, individual flies were transferred from 10°C to 23.5°C and then assayed 4–10 days later, virus was recovered from both species. The mean virus titres\u002Fmidge, and proportion of individuals with TP and IR, were again significantly higher in \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> than in \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Also the infection prevalence in \u003Cjats:italic>C. magnus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Colaço was higher than in \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Low infection prevalences were found in \u003Cjats:italic>C. bedfordi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Ingram & Macfie, \u003Cjats:italic>C. leucostictus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Kieffer, \u003Cjats:italic>C. pycnostictus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Ingram & Macfie, \u003Cjats:italic>C. gulbenkiani\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Caeiro and \u003Cjats:italic>C. milnei\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Austen\u003Cjats:italic>.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> BTV‐1 was not detected in 14 other \u003Cjats:italic>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> species tested; however, some of these were tested in limited numbers. The present study indicates a multivector potential for BTV transmission in South Africa. In \u003Cjats:italic>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> and \u003Cjats:italic>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> the replication rates are distinct and are significantly influenced by temperature. These findings are discussed in relation to the epidemiology of bluetongue in South Africa.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":765,"VI":766},"Vector competence of South African \u003Ci>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fi> species for bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV‐1) with special reference to the effect of temperature on the rate of virus replication in \u003Ci>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fi> and \u003Ci>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fi>","Năng lực truyền bệnh của các loài \u003Ci>Culicoides\u003C\u002Fi> ở Nam Phi đối với virus bệnh xanh lưỡi serotype 1 (BTV‐1) với sự chú ý đặc biệt đến tác động của nhiệt độ lên tỷ lệ tái bản virus trong \u003Ci>C. imicola\u003C\u002Fi> và \u003Ci>C. bolitinos\u003C\u002Fi>",{"VOID":768},"11963973",{"VOID":770},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2002.00334.x","2024-12-09T09:48:10.187+00:00",[145],[401],"https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2002.00334.x",[776,795,814],{"id":777,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":778,"affiliations":779,"properties":788,"displayName":792,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"312f5fbf-ac7c-467a-8889-da8ab30589c0",[],[780],{"id":781,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":782,"properties":24},"f7e6539a-90b4-430f-bd97-e60da0bc91f6",{"id":781,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":783,"slug":24,"properties":784,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":787,"statistic":24},[],{"title":785},{"EN":786},"Division of Virology, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa.",[],{"orcid":789,"title":791,"openalex":793},{"VOID":790},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-8776-7519",{"EN":792},"Janusz T. Pawęska",{"VOID":794},"A5018692865",{"id":796,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":797,"affiliations":798,"properties":807,"displayName":811,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"bf4b6c47-2cc0-46fb-8eff-4d11238f7150",[],[799],{"id":800,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":801,"properties":24},"c777c2a2-0e26-4d47-a4ab-8ebe77c2dd78",{"id":800,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":802,"slug":24,"properties":803,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":806,"statistic":24},[],{"title":804},{"EN":805},"ARC‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort, South Africa and",[],{"orcid":808,"title":810,"openalex":812},{"VOID":809},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-3396-7333",{"EN":811},"Gert J. Venter",{"VOID":813},"A5043853306",{"id":815,"sortIndex":250,"researcher":24,"roles":816,"affiliations":817,"properties":826,"displayName":828,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"a48eed9a-e265-43ba-b6ee-c7e851a97a19",[],[818],{"id":819,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":820,"properties":24},"a4148ce2-c7e9-4d66-a646-555806fccac8",{"id":819,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":821,"slug":24,"properties":822,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":825,"statistic":24},[],{"title":823},{"EN":824},"Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Surrey, U.K.",[],{"title":827,"openalex":829},{"EN":828},"P. S. 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A., 1997, World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233",{},{"id":24,"text":915,"url":24,"identifiers":916},"10.1093\u002Fjmedent\u002F15.5-6.419",{"doi":915},{"id":24,"text":918,"url":24,"identifiers":919},"Braverman Y., 1981, Species composition in samples of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) collected near Salisbury, Zimbabwe in 1976–77, Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 44, 315",{},{"id":24,"text":921,"url":24,"identifiers":922},"Chiang C.L., 1962, Statistical estimation of virus infection rates in mosquito vector populations, American Journal of Hygiene, 75, 377",{},{"id":24,"text":924,"url":24,"identifiers":925},"Du Toit R.M., 1944, The transmission of bluetongue and horse‐sickness by Culicoides, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Industry, 19, 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(Avaritia) imicola Kieffer, 1913 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) with description of the closely allied C. (A.) bolitinos sp. nov. reared from dung of the African buffalo, blue wildebeest and cattle in South Africa, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 56, 23",{},{"id":24,"text":990,"url":24,"identifiers":991},"Meiswinkel R.(1995)Afrotropical Culicoides: biosystematics of the Imicola group subgenus Avaritia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). With special reference to the epidemiology of African horse sickness.MSc Thesis University of Pretoria Pretoria.",{},{"id":24,"text":993,"url":24,"identifiers":994},"Meiswinkel R., 1997, Discovery of a Culicoides imicola‐free zone in South Africa: preliminary notes and potential significance, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 64, 81",{},{"id":24,"text":996,"url":24,"identifiers":997},"10.1017\u002FS0007485300000626",{"doi":996},{"id":24,"text":999,"url":24,"identifiers":1000},"Meiswinkel R., 1994, Infectious Diseases of Livestock with Special Reference to Southern Afric, 68",{},{"id":24,"text":1002,"url":24,"identifiers":1003},"Meiswinkel R.&Paweska J.(1998)The 1998 outbreak of horse sickness in South Africa: a newCulicoidesLatreille (Ceratopogonidae) vector?.Fourth International Congress of Dipterology Oxford pp.145–146.",{},{"id":24,"text":1005,"url":24,"identifiers":1006},"10.1007\u002F978-3-642-75247-6_6",{"doi":1005},{"id":24,"text":1008,"url":24,"identifiers":1009},"10.1016\u002F0147-9571(94)90048-5",{"doi":1008},{"id":24,"text":1011,"url":24,"identifiers":1012},"10.1053\u002Fjcpa.2000.0434",{"doi":1011},{"id":24,"text":1014,"url":24,"identifiers":1015},"10.1146\u002Fannurev.ento.45.1.307",{"doi":1014},{"id":24,"text":1017,"url":24,"identifiers":1018},"Mullens B.A., 1991, Temperature effects on the gonotropic cycle of Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 7, 588",{},{"id":24,"text":1020,"url":24,"identifiers":1021},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.1995.tb00119.x",{"doi":1020},{"id":24,"text":1023,"url":24,"identifiers":1024},"10.1093\u002Fjmedent\u002F24.2.206",{"doi":1023},{"id":24,"text":1026,"url":24,"identifiers":1027},"Muller M.J., 1982, Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium of Arbovirus Research in Australia, 43",{},{"id":24,"text":1029,"url":24,"identifiers":1030},"Murray M.D.(1986)The influence of abundance and dispersal ofCulicoides brevitarsison the epidemiology of arboviruses in Australia.Proceedings of the 4th Symposium of Arbovirus Research in Australia Brisbane pp.232–234.",{},{"id":24,"text":1032,"url":24,"identifiers":1033},"10.1111\u002Fj.1751-0813.1987.tb07332.x",{"doi":1032},{"id":24,"text":1035,"url":24,"identifiers":1036},"Nevill E.M., 1968, A significant new breeding site of Culicoides pallidipennis, Carter, Ingram and Macfie (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Journal of the South African Veterinary Medical Association, 39, 61",{},{"id":24,"text":1038,"url":24,"identifiers":1039},"Nevill E.M., 1978, The use of cattle to protect sheep from bluetongue infection, Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 49, 129",{},{"id":24,"text":1041,"url":24,"identifiers":1042},"Nevill E.M., 1972, Host preferences of Culicoides midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in South Africa as determined by precipitin tests and light trap catches, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 39, 147",{},{"id":24,"text":1044,"url":24,"identifiers":1045},"Nevill E.M., 1992, Bluetongue, African Horse Sickness and Related Orbiviruses, 314",{},{"id":24,"text":1047,"url":24,"identifiers":1048},"Nevill E.M., 1992, Bluetongue, African Horse Sickness and Related Orbiviruses, 306",{},{"id":24,"text":1050,"url":24,"identifiers":1051},"Nevill E.M., 1988, Culicoides species associated with livestock in the Stellenbosch area of the Western Cape Province, Republic of South Africa (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 55, 101",{},{"id":24,"text":1053,"url":24,"identifiers":1054},"10.1016\u002F0300-9629(90)90036-R",{"doi":1053},{"id":24,"text":1056,"url":24,"identifiers":1057},"Standfast H.A., 1985, Bluetongue and Related Orbiviruses, 177",{},{"id":24,"text":1059,"url":24,"identifiers":1060},"10.4269\u002Fajtmh.1991.45.666",{"doi":1059},{"id":24,"text":1062,"url":24,"identifiers":1063},"10.1016\u002F0378-1135(92)90002-B",{"doi":1062},{"id":24,"text":1065,"url":24,"identifiers":1066},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2000.00245.x",{"doi":1065},{"id":24,"text":1068,"url":24,"identifiers":1069},"Venter G.J., 1994, The virtual absence of Culicoides imicola (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in a light‐trap survey of the colder, high‐lying area of the eastern Orange Free State, South Africa, and implications for the transmission of arboviruses, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 61, 327",{},{"id":24,"text":1071,"url":24,"identifiers":1072},"Venter G.J., 1996, Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) associated with livestock in the Onderstepoort area, Gauteng, South Africa as determined by light‐trap collections, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 63, 315",{},{"id":24,"text":1074,"url":24,"identifiers":1075},"Venter G.J., 1996, Geographical distribution and relative abundance of stock‐associated Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern Africa in relation to their potential as viral vectors, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 63, 25",{},{"id":24,"text":1077,"url":24,"identifiers":1078},"Venter G.J., 1997, Seasonal abundance and parity of stock‐associated Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in different climatic regions in southern Africa in relation to their viral vector potential, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 64, 259",{},{"id":24,"text":1080,"url":24,"identifiers":1081},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.1998.00116.x",{"doi":1080},{"id":24,"text":1083,"url":24,"identifiers":1084},"Venter G.J., 1989, Seasonal abundance and parity of Culicoides biting midges associated with livestock at Roma, Lesotho (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 56, 173",{},{"id":24,"text":1086,"url":24,"identifiers":1087},"Verwoerd D.W., 1994, Infectious Diseases of Livestock with Special Reference to Southern Afric, 443",{},{"id":24,"text":1089,"url":24,"identifiers":1090},"10.1017\u002FS0007485300011032",{"doi":1089},{"id":24,"text":1092,"url":24,"identifiers":1093},"Walker A.R., 1976, Saline as a collecting medium for Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in blood feeding and other studies, Mosquito News, 36, 18",{},{"id":24,"text":1095,"url":24,"identifiers":1096},"10.1017\u002FS0022172400021239",{"doi":1095},{"id":24,"text":1098,"url":24,"identifiers":1099},"10.1017\u002FS0007485300039237",{"doi":1098},{"id":24,"text":1101,"url":24,"identifiers":1102},"Wittmann E.J.(2000)Temperature and the transmission of arboviruses byCulicoides.PhD Thesis University of Bristol Bristol.",{},{"id":24,"text":1104,"url":24,"identifiers":1105},"10.1099\u002F0022-1317-78-7-1617",{"doi":1104},{"id":1107,"createTime":1108,"updateTime":1109,"relativeEntities":1110,"slug":1111,"properties":1112,"entityType":141,"verifyStatus":142,"verifyTime":1128,"verifyNote":143,"languages":1129,"translateLanguages":1130,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":1131,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":1132,"publicationType":182,"publisherRelationship":1186,"citationCount":1248,"citationInfo":1249,"publishDate":1255,"publishYear":1250,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":1256,"openAccess":24,"references":1257,"isForceReanalyzing":375},"ce7e95d9-8346-419b-8b44-6a14595ed0e9","2024-10-01T13:58:55.224+00:00","2025-01-12T00:23:49.667+00:00",[],"Less-is-more-restricted-application-of-insecticide-to-cattle-to-improve-the-cost-and-efficacy-of-tsetse-control",{"mag":1113,"keywords":1115,"openalex":1116,"abstract":1118,"title":1121,"pm":1124,"doi":1126},{"VOID":1114},"2035828732",{"VI":386},{"VOID":1117},"W2035828732",{"VI":1119,"EN":1120},"\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:bold>Các nghiên cứu đã được thực hiện tại Zimbabwe về phản ứng của ruồi tse-tse với gia súc được điều trị bằng deltamethrin, được áp dụng vào các phần cơ thể mà ruồi tse-tse thường đậu. Một tỷ lệ lớn của \u003Cjats:italic>Glossina pallidipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) đậu trên bụng (∼ 25%) và chân (∼ 70%), đặc biệt là chân trước (∼ 50%). Một tỷ lệ đáng kể của \u003Cjats:italic>Glossina morsitans morsitans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Westwood đậu trên chân (∼ 50%) và bụng (25%), phần còn lại đậu trên thân, đặc biệt là bên hông (∼ 15%). Các nghiên cứu về tỷ lệ đánh gục của ruồi cái hoang dã \u003Cjats:italic>G. pallidipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> tiếp xúc với gia súc được điều trị bằng dung dịch pour‐on 1% hoặc 0.005% dạng tinh chất deltamethrin được áp dụng lên (a) toàn bộ cơ thể, (b) bụng và chân, (c) chân, (d) chân trước, (e) chân trước giữa và chân trước dưới, hoặc (f) chân trước dưới. Các phương pháp điều trị hạn chế sử dụng 20%, 10%, 5%, 2% hoặc 1% của hoạt chất được áp dụng trong các điều trị toàn thân. Có sự ảnh hưởng theo mùa rõ rệt đến hiệu suất của tất cả các phương pháp điều trị. Với điều trị toàn bộ cơ thể, thời gian duy trì (đánh gục > 50%) dao động từ ∼ 10 ngày trong mùa nóng ẩm (nhiệt độ trung bình hàng ngày > 30 °C) đến ∼ 20 ngày trong mùa mát khô (\u003C 22 °C). Việc hạn chế áp dụng thuốc trừ sâu làm giảm thời gian duy trì theo mùa xuống còn ∼ 10–15 ngày nếu chỉ điều trị bụng và chân, ∼ 5–15 ngày nếu chỉ điều trị chân và \u003C 5 ngày cho các điều trị hạn chế hơn. Việc áp dụng hạn chế không ảnh hưởng đến sự phân bố đậu của ruồi tse-tse hay thời gian đậu (trung bình = 30 giây). Kết quả cho thấy rằng việc kiểm soát ruồi tse-tse hiệu quả về chi phí hơn có thể đạt được bằng cách áp dụng thuốc trừ sâu lên bụng và chân của gia súc với khoảng cách 2 tuần một lần, thay vì phương pháp hiện tại áp dụng điều trị toàn bộ cơ thể mỗi tháng một lần. Điều này sẽ giảm chi phí thuốc trừ sâu xuống 40%, cải thiện hiệu quả lên 27% và giảm thiểu rủi ro cho các sinh vật không mục tiêu cũng như tính ổn định dịch tễ học của các bệnh do ve truyền.","\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:bold>Studies were carried out in Zimbabwe of the responses of tsetse to cattle treated with deltamethrin applied to the parts of the body where most tsetse were shown to land. Large proportions of\u003Cjats:italic>Glossina pallidipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) landed on the belly (∼ 25%) and legs (∼ 70%), particularly the front legs (∼ 50%). Substantial proportions of\u003Cjats:italic>Glossina morsitans morsitans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>Westwood landed on the legs (∼ 50%) and belly (25%), with the remainder landing on the torso, particularly the flanks (∼ 15%). Studies were made of the knockdown rate of wild, female\u003Cjats:italic>G. pallidipes\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>exposed to cattle treated with a 1% pour‐on or 0.005% suspension concentrate of deltamethrin applied to the (a) whole body, (b) belly and legs, (c) legs, (d) front legs, (e) middle and lower front legs, or (f) lower front legs. The restricted treatments used 20%, 10%, 5%, 2% or 1% of the active ingredient applied in the whole‐body treatments. There was a marked seasonal effect on the performance of all treatments. With the whole‐body treatment, the persistence period (knockdown > 50%) ranged from ∼ 10 days during the hot, wet season (mean daily temperature > 30 °C) to ∼ 20 days during the cool, dry season (< 22 °C). Restricting the application of insecticide reduced the seasonal persistence periods to ∼ 10–15 days if only the legs and belly were treated, ∼ 5–15 days if only the legs were treated and < 5 days for the more restricted treatments. The restricted application did not affect the landing distribution of tsetse or the duration of landing bouts (mean = 30 s). The results suggest that more cost‐effective control of tsetse could be achieved by applying insecticide to the belly and legs of cattle at 2‐week intervals, rather than using the current practice of treating the whole body of each animal at monthly intervals. This would cut the cost of insecticide by 40%, improve efficacy by 27% and reduce the threats to non‐target organisms and the enzootic stability of tick‐borne diseases.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1122,"VI":1123},"Less is more: restricted application of insecticide to cattle to improve the cost and efficacy of tsetse control","Ít nhưng hiệu quả: áp dụng giới hạn thuốc trừ sâu lên gia súc để cải thiện chi phí và hiệu quả kiểm soát ruồi tse-tse",{"VOID":1125},"17373947",{"VOID":1127},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.2006.00657.x","2024-10-01T13:58:55.223+00:00",[145],[401],"https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.2006.00657.x",[1133,1152,1169],{"id":1134,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":1135,"affiliations":1136,"properties":1145,"displayName":1149,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"b5d2a447-a603-44e6-8e5e-b023ed290ad1",[],[1137],{"id":1138,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1139,"properties":24},"64d39140-30d4-47a0-8610-413c1611e4a4",{"id":1138,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1140,"slug":24,"properties":1141,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1144,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1142},{"EN":1143},"1 Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, U.K. and 2Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K.",[],{"orcid":1146,"title":1148,"openalex":1150},{"VOID":1147},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-9550-4030",{"EN":1149},"Stephen J. 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Natural Resources Institute, Chatham Maritime",{},{"id":24,"text":1262,"url":24,"identifiers":1263},"Bauer B., 1992, The residual effect of deltamethrin Spot On when tested against Glossina palpalis gambiensis under fly chamber conditions, Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 43, 38",{},{"id":24,"text":1265,"url":24,"identifiers":1266},"10.1111\u002Fj.1749-6632.1998.tb11076.x",{"doi":1265},{"id":24,"text":1268,"url":24,"identifiers":1269},"Budd L.T, 1999, DFID‐funded Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Research since 1980",{},{"id":24,"text":1271,"url":24,"identifiers":1272},"Crawley M.J, 1993, glim for Ecologists",{},{"id":24,"text":1274,"url":24,"identifiers":1275},"10.1016\u002FS1471-4922(03)00164-8",{"doi":1274},{"id":24,"text":1277,"url":24,"identifiers":1278},"Francis B., 1993, The glim System (Release 4 Manual), 10.1093\u002Foso\u002F9780198522317.001.0001",{"doi":1279},"10.1093\u002Foso\u002F9780198522317.001.0001",{"id":24,"text":1281,"url":24,"identifiers":1282},"10.1111\u002Fj.0269-283X.2004.00525.x",{"doi":1281},{"id":24,"text":1284,"url":24,"identifiers":1285},"Haddaway A.D., 1976, The Susceptibility of Different Species of Tsetse Flies to Some Insecticides. 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Các loài chủ yếu được quan tâm là những véc tơ chính gây sốt rét Anopheles gambiae S.S. và An. arabiensis, những loài chị em thuộc phức hợp An. gambiae. Dữ liệu cho An. funestus, An. pharoensis, Culex quinquefasciatus và Mansonia uniformis cũng được phân tích.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>Carbon dioxide được sử dụng ở các nồng độ từ 0.04‐0.6% (so với nồng độ 0.03% trong không khí) để thu hút muỗi đến các bẫy vào ra có mùi (OBETs). Độ ‘hấp dẫn’ của toàn bộ mùi người cũng được so sánh với CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, được phát thải với tỉ lệ tương đương với lượng phát thải của người làm mồi. Trong một thử nghiệm chọn lựa trực tiếp với hai OBETs đặt cạnh nhau, số lượng An. gambiae s.l. vào bẫy có mùi người gấp đôi số lượng bị bắt với CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, riêng lẻ (với tỷ lệ tương đương của con người), nhưng không có sự khác biệt đáng kể giữa các OBETs đối với các loài muỗi khác. Khi các OBETs được đặt cách nhau 20 m, CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, riêng lẻ lại thu hút một nửa số An. gambiae s.l. và chỉ 40% An. funestus, 65% Mansonia uniformis nhưng gấp đôi số lượng An. pharoensis so với số lượng bị bắt với mùi người.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>Cảm ứng liều - phản ứng đối với tất cả các loài muỗi chủ yếu là tương tự: tăng tuyến tính số lượng bắt được cùng với liều lượng tăng trên một thang log-log. Độ dốc của các đường cong liều - phản ứng không khác biệt đáng kể giữa các loài, mặc dù có sự khác biệt rõ rệt trong số lượng tương đối đã bị bắt. Tuy nhiên, nếu dữ liệu liều - phản ứng được xem xét liên quan đến việc thu hoạch làm mồi người tiêu chuẩn (HBC), hành vi của mỗi loài lại khác biệt đáng kể. Ở một cực, ngay cả liều cao nhất của CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, cũng không bắt được nhiều An. gambiae s.l. hơn một HBC. Ở cực còn lại, ba liều cao nhất của CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, đã bắt được nhiều Mansonia uniformis đáng kể hơn-là một HBC. An. pharoensis và Culex quinquefasciatus cho thấy một phản ứng ngưỡng với CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, chỉ phản ứng ở các liều trên mức bình thường mà một người phát thải. An. funestus không phản ứng với CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, riêng lẻ ở bất kỳ liều nào với số lượng đủ lớn để đánh giá phản ứng liều. Trong phức hợp An. gambiae, An. arabiensis ‘chọn’ bẫy có mồi CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, với xác suất cao hơn so với An. gambiae S.S. Ngoài ra, An. arabiensis, loài ít thích nghi với người hơn trong hai loài, cũng phổ biến hơn trong các OBETs có mồi CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, so với các thu hoạch làm mồi người.","\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>Abstract. \u003C\u002Fjats:bold> Mosquito responses to carbon dioxide were investigated in Noungou village, 30 km northeast of Ouagadougou in the Sudan savanna belt of Burkina Faso, West Africa. Species of primary interest were the main malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae S.S. and An.arabiensis, sibling species belonging to the An.gambiae complex. Data forAn.finestus, An.pharoensis, Culex quinquefasciatus and Mansonia uniformis were also analysed.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>Carbon dioxide was used at concentrations of 0.04‐0.6% (cf. 0.03% ambient concentration) for attracting mosquitoes to odour‐baited entry traps (OBETs). The ‘attractiveness’ of whole human odour was also compared with CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, emitted at a rate equivalent to that released by the human bait. In a direct choice test with two OBETs placed side‐by‐side, the number of An.gambiae s. I. entering the trap with human odour was double the number trapped with CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, alone (at the human equivalent rate), but there was no significant difference between OBETs for the other species of mosquitoes. When OBETs were positioned 20 m apart, again CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, alone attracted half as many An.gambiae s.l. and only 40% Anlfunestus, 65% Ma.uniformis but twice as many An.pharoensis compared to the number trapped with human odour.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>\u003Cjats:p>The dose‐response for all mosquito species was essentially similar: a linear increase in catch with increasing dose on a log‐log scale. The slopes of the dose‐response curves were not significantly different between species, although there were significant differences in the relative numbers caught. If the dose‐response data are considered in relation to a standard human bait collection (HBC), however, the behaviour of each species was quite different. At one extreme, even the highest dose of CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, did not catch more An.gambiae s.1. than one HBC. At the other extreme, the three highest doses of CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, caught significantly more Ma.unifonnis than did one HBC. An.pharoensis and Cx quinquefasciatus showed a threshold response to CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, responding only at doses above that normally released by one man. An.funestus did not respond to CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, alone at any dose in sufficient numbers to assess the dose response. Within the An.gambiae complex, An.arabiensis 'chose' the CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>,‐baited trap with a higher probability than An.gambiae S.S. Also An.arabiensis, the less anthropophilic of the two species, was more abundant in CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>,‐baited OBETs than in human bait collections.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1371,"VI":1372},"Mosquito responses to carbon dioxide in B West African Sudan savanna village","Phản ứng của muỗi đối với carbon dioxide ở một ngôi làng thuộc vùng thảo nguyên Sudan Tây 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1",{},{"id":24,"text":1684,"url":24,"identifiers":1685},"10.1016\u002F0035-9203(74)90035-2",{"doi":1684},{"id":1687,"createTime":1688,"updateTime":1689,"relativeEntities":1690,"slug":1691,"properties":1692,"entityType":141,"verifyStatus":142,"verifyTime":1708,"verifyNote":143,"languages":1709,"translateLanguages":1710,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":1711,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":1712,"publicationType":182,"publisherRelationship":1822,"citationCount":1885,"citationInfo":1886,"publishDate":1890,"publishYear":1887,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":1891,"openAccess":24,"references":1892,"isForceReanalyzing":375},"637b3668-5a58-4f7e-85b8-89797ac922b5","2024-11-26T14:44:57.075+00:00","2025-01-12T00:21:46.130+00:00",[],"Molecular-evidence-for-a-kdr-like-pyrethroid-resistance-mechanism-in-the-malaria-vector-mosquito-i-Anopheles-stephensi-i-",{"mag":1693,"keywords":1695,"openalex":1696,"abstract":1698,"title":1701,"pm":1704,"doi":1706},{"VOID":1694},"2159805837",{"VI":386},{"VOID":1697},"W2159805837",{"VI":1699,"EN":1700},"\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>Tóm tắt. \u003C\u002Fjats:bold> Muỗi \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Liston (Diptera: Culicidae) là vectơ đô thị của bệnh sốt rét ở một số quốc gia tại Trung Đông và tiểu lục địa Ấn Độ. Việc sử dụng rộng rãi thuốc trừ sâu tồn lưu trong kiểm soát vectơ sốt rét đã chọn lọc \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> kháng lại DDT, dieldrin, malathion và các loại hợp chất phospho hữu cơ khác trong phần lớn phạm vi phân bố của nó, cũng như kháng pyrethroid tại Trung Đông. Các cơ chế kháng thuốc chuyển hóa và tính không nhạy cảm với pyrethroid, được gọi là kháng đổ (kdr), đã được báo cáo trước đó ở \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Ở đây, chúng tôi cung cấp dữ liệu phân tử hỗ trợ giả thuyết rằng một cơ chế kháng pyrethroid kiểu kdr tồn tại trong \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Chúng tôi phát hiện rằng ấu trùng của một giống loài được chọn lọc bởi pyrethroid từ Dubai (DUB-R) có khả năng kháng permethrin gấp 182 lần so với giống nhạy cảm tiêu chuẩn của \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Hoạt động của một số enzyme có khả năng mang lại sự kháng pyrethroid (tức là esterases, monooxygenases và glutathione S-transferases) cao hơn đáng kể ở giống kháng permethrin so với giống nhạy cảm, nhưng việc sử dụng các tác nhân phối hợp - piperonyl butoxide (PBO) để ức chế monooxygenases và\u002Fhoặc tribufos (DEF) để ức chế esterases - không hoàn toàn ngăn chặn được sự kháng trong ấu trùng (LC\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> của permethrin chỉ giảm 51-68%), cho thấy sự tham gia của một cơ chế khác. Từ cả hai giống của \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, chúng tôi đã thu được một đoạn DNA gen dài 237 bp mã hóa đoạn 6 của miền II của kênh natri nhạy cảm với điện thế loại para, tức là lôcus \u003Cjats:italic>kdr\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> giả thuyết. Bằng cách giải mã đoạn 237 bp này, chúng tôi xác định được một khác biệt đột biến điểm liên quan đến sự thay đổi cơ sở A–T duy nhất, dẫn đến việc thay thế amino acid leucine bằng phenylalanine trong giống kháng pyrethroid. Đột biến này dường như tương đồng với những đột biến được phát hiện trong \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> và các loài sâu bọ khác có kháng kdr. Do đó, một xét nghiệm phản ứng chuỗi polymerase chẩn đoán sử dụng các mồi lồng đã được thiết kế để phát hiện cơ chế này ở \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:p>\u003Cjats:bold>Abstract. \u003C\u002Fjats:bold> The mosquito \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Liston (Diptera: Culicidae) is the urban vector of malaria in several countries of the Middle East and Indian subcontinent. Extensive use of residual insecticide spraying for malaria vector control has selected \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> resistance to DDT, dieldrin, malathion and other organophosphates throughout much of its range and to pyrethroids in the Middle East. Metabolic resistance mechanisms and insensitivity to pyrethroids, so‐called knockdown resistance (kdr), have previously been reported in \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Here we provide molecular data supporting the hypothesis that a kdr‐like pyrethroid‐resistance mechanism is present in \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. We found that larvae of a pyrethroid‐selected strain from Dubai (DUB‐R) were 182‐fold resistant to permethin, compared with a standard susceptible strain of \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Activities of some enzymes likely to confer pyrethroid‐resistance (i.e. esterases, monooxygenases and glutathione S‐transferases) were significantly higher in the permethrin‐resistant than in the susceptible strain, but the use of synergists — piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to inhibit monooxygenases and\u002For tribufos (DEF) to inhibit esterases — did not fully prevent resistance in larvae (permethrin LC\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> reduced by only 51–68%), indicating the involvement of another mechanism. From both strains of \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, we obtained a 237‐bp fragment of genomic DNA encoding segment 6 of domain II of the para type voltage‐gated sodium channel, i.e. the putative \u003Cjats:italic>kdr\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> locus. By sequencing this 237 bp fragment, we identified one point mutation difference involving a single A–T base change encoding a leucine to phenylalanine amino acid substitution in the pyrethroid‐resistant strain. This mutation appears to be homologous with those detected in \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> and other insects with kdr‐like resistance. A diagnostic polymerase chain reaction assay using nested primers was therefore designed to detect this mechanism in \u003Cjats:italic>An. stephensi\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1702,"VI":1703},"Molecular evidence for a kdr‐like pyrethroid resistance mechanism in the malaria vector mosquito \u003Ci>Anopheles stephensi\u003C\u002Fi>","Bằng chứng phân tử về cơ chế kháng pyrethroid kiểu kdr trong muỗi truyền bệnh sốt rét \u003Ci>Anopheles stephensi\u003C\u002Fi>",{"VOID":1705},"12823830",{"VOID":1707},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2003.00418.x","2024-11-26T14:44:57.074+00:00",[145],[401],"https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2003.00418.x",[1713,1740,1767,1788,1805],{"id":1714,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":1715,"affiliations":1716,"properties":1733,"displayName":1737,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"665be62c-b68e-40f3-b56b-67fa61696d8e",[],[1717,1725],{"id":1718,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1719,"properties":24},"8a492122-6e41-4a91-8161-f079bcdbbf24",{"id":1718,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1720,"slug":24,"properties":1721,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1724,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1722},{"VI":1723},"Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran",[],{"id":1726,"sortIndex":110,"affiliation":1727,"properties":24},"136fcf1c-ef74-45b7-b62e-3aa58425d4fa",{"id":1726,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1728,"slug":24,"properties":1729,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1732,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1730},{"EN":1731},"Dr Ahmad Ali Enayati, Medical Entomology Group, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Amir Boulevard, Sari, Iran.",[],{"orcid":1734,"title":1736,"openalex":1738},{"VOID":1735},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-6861-0719",{"EN":1737},"Ahmadali Enayati",{"VOID":1739},"A5046499097",{"id":1741,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":1742,"affiliations":1743,"properties":1760,"displayName":1764,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"88894b4c-83fb-4307-8b7c-3d6177c7cf31",[],[1744,1752],{"id":1745,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1746,"properties":24},"cbbb9b0e-8c3a-424f-9f7c-f05c569ab89f",{"id":1745,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1747,"slug":24,"properties":1748,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1751,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1749},{"EN":1750},"Dr Hossein Ladonni & Dr Hassan Vatandoost, Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health & Institute of Health Research, Teheran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 6446-14155, Tehran, Iran.",[],{"id":1753,"sortIndex":110,"affiliation":1754,"properties":24},"35f20839-1deb-41a1-bd5b-c02c21302c5c",{"id":1753,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1755,"slug":24,"properties":1756,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1759,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1757},{"EN":1758},"†Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, and",[],{"orcid":1761,"title":1763,"openalex":1765},{"VOID":1762},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-5983-9420",{"EN":1764},"Hassan Vatandoost",{"VOID":1766},"A5000050774",{"id":1768,"sortIndex":250,"researcher":24,"roles":1769,"affiliations":1770,"properties":1783,"displayName":1785,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"f9102759-4ab0-4bca-ac28-cff1c0a71635",[],[1771,1777],{"id":1745,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1772,"properties":24},{"id":1745,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1773,"slug":24,"properties":1774,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1776,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1775},{"EN":1750},[],{"id":1753,"sortIndex":110,"affiliation":1778,"properties":24},{"id":1753,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1779,"slug":24,"properties":1780,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1782,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1781},{"EN":1758},[],{"title":1784,"openalex":1786},{"EN":1785},"H. 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1",{},{"id":24,"text":2013,"url":24,"identifiers":2014},"10.1007\u002FBF00276878",{"doi":2013},{"id":24,"text":2016,"url":24,"identifiers":2017},"10.1007\u002FBF02173204",{"doi":2016},{"id":24,"text":2019,"url":24,"identifiers":2020},"10.1016\u002FS0965-1748(00)00074-6",{"doi":2019},{"id":2022,"createTime":2023,"updateTime":2024,"relativeEntities":2025,"slug":2026,"properties":2027,"entityType":141,"verifyStatus":142,"verifyTime":2023,"verifyNote":143,"languages":2043,"translateLanguages":2044,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":2045,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":2046,"publicationType":182,"publisherRelationship":2181,"citationCount":114,"citationInfo":2243,"publishDate":2246,"publishYear":2244,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":2247,"openAccess":24,"references":2248,"isForceReanalyzing":375},"57e67f3b-3e80-4a9d-ace7-2bdfedbb48f3","2024-09-01T23:32:06.255+00:00","2025-01-12T00:20:46.984+00:00",[],"Elevated-oxidase-and-esterase-levels-associated-with-permethrin-tolerance-in-i-Anopheles-gambiae-i-from-Kenyan-villages-using-permethrin-impregnated-nets",{"mag":2028,"keywords":2030,"openalex":2031,"abstract":2033,"title":2036,"pm":2039,"doi":2041},{"VOID":2029},"2000048173",{"VI":386},{"VOID":2032},"W2000048173",{"VI":2034,"EN":2035},"\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Độ dung nạp permethrin (PT) của một quần thể muỗi \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (Diptera: Culicidae) đã tăng lên sau khi lưới tẩm permethrin được giới thiệu để kiểm soát sốt rét tại một số làng gần Kisumu, tây Kenya. Sử dụng một bài kiểm tra sinh hóa mà đo gián tiếp các oxidase liên quan đến kháng thuốc permethrin, chúng tôi phát hiện ra rằng quần thể này có mức oxidase cao hơn so với một quần thể so sánh từ các làng không có lưới tẩm. Những con muỗi từ một thuộc địa \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> được chọn cho PT, giống RSP (giảm độ nhạy cảm với permethrin), đã được tiếp xúc với permethrin có hoặc không có chất ức chế oxidase piperonyl butoxide (PB). Tỷ lệ tử vong cao hơn đáng kể đã xảy ra khi permethrin được tăng cường bởi PB, có thể thông qua sự ức chế các oxidase chịu trách nhiệm cho PT. Một thuộc địa không được chọn (UNS) của \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> nhạy cảm hơn so với RSP trong một bài thử độ nhạy cảm với permethrin (tức là LT\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> 22 phút cho UNS, so với 42 phút cho RSP) đã được so sánh với thuộc địa RSP về mức độ oxidase và esterase. Mức độ của cả hai enzyme này cao hơn rất nhiều ở giống RSP (\u003Cjats:italic>P\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> < 0.0001). Chúng tôi suy đoán rằng việc sử dụng lưới tẩm đã chọn lựa cho mức độ oxidase và esterase cao hơn ở \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> để chuyển hóa permethrin có được từ các lưới. Cả cơ chế oxidase và esterase đều có thể cung cấp sự kháng chéo với các pyrethroid khác.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Summary\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The permethrin tolerance (PT) of a population of the mosquito \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (Diptera: Culicidae) increased following the introduction of permethrin‐impregnated nets for malaria control in certain villages near Kisumu, western Kenya. Using a biochemical test that indirectly measures oxidases associated with permethrin resistance, we found that this population had higher oxidase levels than a comparison population from villages without impregnated nets. Mosquitoes from a colony of \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> selected for PT, the RSP (reduced susceptibility to permethrin) strain, were exposed to permethrin with or without the oxidase inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PB). Significantly higher mortality rates occurred when permethrin was synergized by PB, presumably by suppression of oxidases responsible for PT. An unselected (UNS) colony of \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> that was more susceptible than RSP in a permethrin‐susceptibility bioassay (i.e. LT\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> 22 min for UNS, vs. 42 min for RSP) was compared with the RSP colony for levels of oxidases and esterases. The levels of both enzymes were very significantly higher in the RSP strain (\u003Cjats:italic>P\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> < 0.0001). We speculate that use of impregnated nets selected for higher oxidase and esterase levels in \u003Cjats:italic>An. gambiae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> to metabolize permethrin acquired from the nets. Both oxidase and esterase mechanisms could confer cross‐resistance to other pyrethroids.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2037,"VI":2038},"Elevated oxidase and esterase levels associated with permethrin tolerance in \u003Ci>Anopheles gambiae\u003C\u002Fi> from Kenyan villages using permethrin‐impregnated nets","Nâng cao mức độ oxidase và esterase liên quan đến độ dung nạp permethrin ở \u003Ci>Anopheles gambiae\u003C\u002Fi> từ các làng ở Kenya sử dụng lưới tẩm permethrin",{"VOID":2040},"10514048",{"VOID":2042},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.1999.00177.x",[145],[401],"https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.1999.00177.x",[2047,2066,2083,2100,2115,2132,2147,2164],{"id":2048,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":2049,"affiliations":2050,"properties":2059,"displayName":2063,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"3b48ad05-3ce7-4624-82b4-d4d90152b0f3",[],[2051],{"id":2052,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2053,"properties":24},"ff65974a-2c75-448b-b3db-2d86db2bf75f",{"id":2052,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2054,"slug":24,"properties":2055,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2058,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2056},{"EN":2057},"Vector Biology and Control Research Centre, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu.",[],{"orcid":2060,"title":2062,"openalex":2064},{"VOID":2061},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-7710-0390",{"EN":2063},"John Vulule",{"VOID":2065},"A5001399333",{"id":2067,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":2068,"affiliations":2069,"properties":2078,"displayName":2080,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"42d7afef-6c3d-48fe-8f4a-1e50651b7059",[],[2070],{"id":2071,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2072,"properties":24},"7cf85848-cffd-435c-b2b0-9503adc1c705",{"id":2071,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2073,"slug":24,"properties":2074,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2077,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2075},{"EN":2076},"Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A, 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R.F., 1989, Temperature effect on an enzyme assay for detecting fenitrothion resistance in Anopheles albimanus., Bulletin of the World Health Organization,, 67, 203",{},{"id":24,"text":2253,"url":24,"identifiers":2254},"10.4269\u002Fajtmh.1993.49.290",{"doi":2253},{"id":24,"text":2256,"url":24,"identifiers":2257},"10.3201\u002Feid0404.980410",{"doi":2256},{"id":24,"text":2259,"url":24,"identifiers":2260},"Brogdon W.G., 1998, Simplification of adult mosquito bioassays through use of time‐mortality determinations in glass bottles., Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 14, 159",{},{"id":24,"text":2262,"url":24,"identifiers":2263},"Brogdon W.G., 1997, Association of heme peroxidase activity measured in single mosquitoes identifies individuals expressing elevated oxidases for insecticide resistance., Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 13, 233",{},{"id":24,"text":2265,"url":24,"identifiers":2266},"Hodjati M.H., 1996, Pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles is age dependent., Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 90, 438",{},{"id":24,"text":2268,"url":24,"identifiers":2269},"10.1002\u002Farch.940220119",{"doi":2268},{"id":24,"text":2271,"url":24,"identifiers":2272},"10.1093\u002Fjee\u002F74.4.393",{"doi":2271},{"id":24,"text":1962,"url":24,"identifiers":2274},{"doi":1962},{"id":24,"text":2276,"url":24,"identifiers":2277},"10.1016\u002F0169-4758(88)90080-4",{"doi":2276},{"id":24,"text":2279,"url":24,"identifiers":2280},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.1990.tb00453.x",{"doi":2279},{"id":24,"text":2282,"url":24,"identifiers":2283},"Ruigt S.F., 1985, Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, 183",{},{"id":24,"text":2285,"url":24,"identifiers":2286},"Soderlund D.M., 1983, Progress in Pesticide Biochemistry and Toxocology, 401",{},{"id":24,"text":2288,"url":24,"identifiers":2289},"Vulule J.M.1995Evaluation of physiological and behavioural resistance and its cross‐spectrum in Anopheles mosquitoes from western Kenya.PhD Thesis University of Nairobi.",{},{"id":24,"text":2291,"url":24,"identifiers":2292},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.1996.tb00084.x",{"doi":2291},{"id":24,"text":2294,"url":24,"identifiers":2295},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2915.1994.tb00389.x",{"doi":2294},{"id":24,"text":2297,"url":24,"identifiers":2298},"WHO1981.Instructions for Determining the Susceptibility or Resistance of Adult Mosquitoes to Organochlorine Organophosphate and Carbamate Insectcides: Diagnostic Test.Unpublished document WHO\u002FVBC\u002F81.807. World Health Organization Geneva.",{},{"id":24,"text":2300,"url":24,"identifiers":2301},"10.1016\u002F0169-4758(88)90079-8",{"doi":2300},{"id":2303,"createTime":2304,"updateTime":2305,"relativeEntities":2306,"slug":2307,"properties":2308,"entityType":141,"verifyStatus":142,"verifyTime":2304,"verifyNote":143,"languages":2324,"translateLanguages":2325,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":2326,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":2327,"publicationType":182,"publisherRelationship":2480,"citationCount":2541,"citationInfo":2542,"publishDate":2554,"publishYear":1887,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":2555,"openAccess":24,"references":2556,"isForceReanalyzing":375},"f9170402-d5ff-42de-81d9-4b326c09d74b","2024-11-26T14:44:58.811+00:00","2025-01-12T00:19:49.437+00:00",[],"Pyrethroid-and-DDT-cross-resistance-in-i-Aedes-aegypti-i-is-correlated-with-novel-mutations-in-the-voltage-gated-sodium-channel-gene",{"mag":2309,"keywords":2311,"openalex":2312,"abstract":2314,"title":2317,"pm":2320,"doi":2322},{"VOID":2310},"2119819266",{"VI":386},{"VOID":2313},"W2119819266",{"VI":2315,"EN":2316},"\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt.\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Các mẫu muỗi véc tơ sốt xuất huyết \u003Cjats:italic>Aedes aegypti\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) đã được thu thập từ 13 địa điểm giữa năm 1995 và 1998. Hai dòng phòng thí nghiệm, Bora (Polynesia Pháp) và AEAE, đều nhạy cảm với DDT và permethrin; tất cả các dòng khác, ngoại trừ Larentuka (Indonesia) và Bouaké (Bờ Biển Ngà), có các ấu trùng thể thứ tư đơn lẻ kháng lại permethrin. Mười dòng đã được xét nghiệm bằng nhiều phương pháp sinh hóa. Nhiều dòng cho thấy hoạt động carboxylesterase tăng cao so với dòng Bora; hoạt động này đặc biệt cao ở các dòng Indonesia Salatiga và Semarang, và ở dòng Guyane (Cayenne). Mức độ monooxygenase tăng ở các dòng Salatiga và Paea (Polynesia), và giảm ở hai dòng Thái Lan (Mae Kaza, Mae Kud) và dòng Larentuka. Hoạt động glutathione S-transferase tăng lên ở dòng Guyane. Tất cả các hồ sơ enzyme khác còn lại tương tự như dòng nhạy cảm. Sự hiện diện của cả hai cơ chế kháng DDT và pyrethroid ở các dòng Semarang, Belem (Brazil) và Long Hoa (Việt Nam) gợi ý sự tồn tại của cơ chế kháng kiểu knock-down resistant (\u003Cjats:italic>kdr\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>). Một phần của đoạn S6 không polarnhạy cảm thuộc miền II của gen kênh natri nhạy điện được thu nhận bằng RT-PCR và đã được giải mã từ một số loài côn trùng thuộc cả 13 dòng thực địa. Bốn đột biến mới đã được xác định. Ba dòng chứa các thay thế axit amin giống hệt nhau tại hai vị trí, hai dòng chia sẻ một thay thế khác, và một dòng mang biến thể đồng hợp tử cho sự thay đổi thứ tư. Sự thay thế leucine bằng phenylalanine, vốn mang lại khả năng không nhạy cảm với pyrethroid ở một loạt côn trùng kháng khác, không có mặt. Các xét nghiệm sinh lý thần kinh trực tiếp trên từng ấu trùng từ ba dòng có các đột biến này cho thấy độ nhạy cảm thần kinh giảm đối với sự ức chế của permethrin hoặc lambda cyhalothrin so với các dòng nhạy cảm.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Abstract.\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Samples of the dengue vector mosquito \u003Cjats:italic>Aedes aegypti\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) were collected from 13 localities between 1995 and 1998. Two laboratory strains, Bora (French Polynesia) and AEAE, were both susceptible to DDT and permethrin; all other strains, except Larentuka (Indonesia) and Bouaké (Ivory Coast), contained individual fourth‐instar larvae resistant to permethrin. Ten strains were subjected to a range of biochemical assays. Many strains had elevated carboxylesterase activity compared to the Bora strain; this was particularly high in the Indonesian strains Salatiga and Semarang, and in the Guyane strain (Cayenne). Monooxygenase levels were increased in the Salatiga and Paea (Polynesia) strains, and reduced in the two Thai strains (Mae Kaza, Mae Kud) and the Larentuka strain. Glutathione S‐transferase activity was elevated in the Guyane strain. All other enzyme profiles were similar to the susceptible strain. The presence of both DDT and pyrethroid resistance in the Semarang, Belem (Brazil) and Long Hoa (Vietnam) strains suggested the presence of a knock‐down resistant (\u003Cjats:italic>kdr\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>)‐type resistance mechanism. Part of the S6 hydrophobic segment of domain II of the voltage‐gated sodium channel gene was obtained by RT‐PCR and sequenced from several insects from all 13 field strains. Four novel mutations were identified. Three strains contained identical amino acid substitutions at two positions, two strains shared a different substitution, and one strain was homozygous for a fourth alteration. The leucine to phenylalanine substitution that confers nerve insensitivity to pyrethroids in a range of other resistant insects was absent. Direct neurophysiological assays on individual larvae from three strains with these mutations demonstrated reduced nerve sensitivity to permethrin or lambda cyhalothrin inhibition compared to the susceptible strains.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2318,"VI":2319},"Pyrethroid and DDT cross‐resistance in \u003Ci>Aedes aegypti\u003C\u002Fi> is correlated with novel mutations in the voltage‐gated sodium channel gene","Kháng chéo pyrethroid và DDT trong \u003Ci>Aedes aegypti\u003C\u002Fi> có mối liên hệ với các đột biến mới trong gen kênh natri nhạy điện",{"VOID":2321},"12680930",{"VOID":2323},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2003.00412.x",[145],[401],"https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2003.00412.x",[2328,2345,2362,2381,2396,2413,2432,2449,2466],{"id":2329,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":2330,"affiliations":2331,"properties":2340,"displayName":2342,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"86376275-fb6c-4d61-846d-32fab84f961d",[],[2332],{"id":2333,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2334,"properties":24},"109b5a23-dc59-4c1f-b5fc-7adb65efbf65",{"id":2333,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2335,"slug":24,"properties":2336,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2339,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2337},{"EN":2338},"Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Insectes Nuisibles, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpment, Montpellier, France.",[],{"title":2341,"openalex":2343},{"EN":2342},"Cécile Brengues",{"VOID":2344},"A5024330164",{"id":2346,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":2347,"affiliations":2348,"properties":2357,"displayName":2359,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"3770e176-29eb-44fa-a6f8-202e13102c1e",[],[2349],{"id":2350,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2351,"properties":24},"dc0ff738-83f2-4d47-a335-dfaf42497fd3",{"id":2350,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2352,"slug":24,"properties":2353,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2356,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2354},{"EN":2355},"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, U.K. and",[],{"title":2358,"openalex":2360},{"EN":2359},"Nicola J. 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Y.B., 1997, Inheritance of larval resistance to permethrin in Aedes aegypti and association with sex ratio distortion and life history variation, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 56, 456, 10.4269\u002Fajtmh.1997.56.456",{"doi":2593},"10.4269\u002Fajtmh.1997.56.456",{"id":24,"text":2595,"url":24,"identifiers":2596},"10.1016\u002FS0965-1748(96)00077-X",{"doi":2595},{"id":24,"text":1983,"url":24,"identifiers":2598},{"doi":1983},{"id":24,"text":2600,"url":24,"identifiers":2601},"10.1038\u002F350151a0",{"doi":2600},{"id":24,"text":2603,"url":24,"identifiers":2604},"10.1017\u002FS0007485300006131",{"doi":2603},{"id":24,"text":2001,"url":24,"identifiers":2606},{"doi":2001},{"id":24,"text":2042,"url":24,"identifiers":2608},{"doi":2042},{"id":24,"text":2610,"url":24,"identifiers":2611},"WHO, 1970, Instructions for determining the susceptibility or resistance of adult mosquitoes to organochlorine insecticides, WHO Technical Report Series, 443, 0047",{},{"id":24,"text":2613,"url":24,"identifiers":2614},"WHO, 1980, Preparation, Production and Supply of Test Kits, Impregnated Papers and Standard Solutions for the Evaluation of Vector Susceptibility to Insecticides.",{},{"id":24,"text":2616,"url":24,"identifiers":2617},"WHO, 1981, Instructions for Determining the Susceptibility or Resistance of Mosquito Larvae to Insecticides.",{},{"id":24,"text":2016,"url":24,"identifiers":2619},{"doi":2016},{"id":24,"text":2621,"url":24,"identifiers":2622},"Ziv M., 1969, Resistance Potentialities of Aedes aegypti and Culex fatigans to Organophosphorus and Other Insecticides.",{},{"id":2624,"createTime":2625,"updateTime":2626,"relativeEntities":2627,"slug":2628,"properties":2629,"entityType":141,"verifyStatus":142,"verifyTime":2625,"verifyNote":143,"languages":2646,"translateLanguages":2647,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":2648,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":2649,"publicationType":182,"publisherRelationship":2754,"citationCount":115,"citationInfo":2816,"publishDate":2825,"publishYear":2817,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":2826,"openAccess":24,"references":2827,"isForceReanalyzing":375},"2fbe7a15-bf0c-4826-b1c3-a255d918a426","2024-09-01T23:32:03.707+00:00","2024-12-27T05:15:36.302+00:00",[],"-i-Anopheles-funestus-i-resistant-to-pyrethroid-insecticides-in-South-Africa",{"mag":2630,"keywords":2632,"openalex":2634,"abstract":2636,"title":2639,"pm":2642,"doi":2644},{"VOID":2631},"2158140165",{"VI":2633},"Sốt rét, Anopheles funestus, kháng thuốc diệt côn trùng, pyrethroid, Nam Phi, DDT, deltamethrin, kiểm soát vector truyền bệnh.",{"VOID":2635},"W2158140165",{"EN":2637,"VI":2638},"\u003Cjats:title>Summary\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Northern Kwazulu\u002FNatal (KZN) Province of South Africa borders on southern Mozambique, between Swaziland and the Indian Ocean. To control malaria vectors in KZN, houses were sprayed annually with residual DDT 2 g\u002Fm\u003Cjats:sup>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> until 1996 when the treatment changed to deltamethrin 20–25 mg\u002Fm\u003Cjats:sup>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>. At Ndumu (27°02′ S, 32°19′ E) the recorded malaria incidence increased more than six‐fold between 1995 and 1999. Entomological surveys during late 1999 found mosquitoes of the \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> group (Diptera: Culicidae) resting in sprayed houses in some sectors of Ndumu area. This very endophilic vector of malaria had been eliminated from South Africa by DDT spraying in the 1950s, leaving the less endophilic \u003Cjats:italic>An. arabiensis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Patton as the only vector of known importance in KZN. Deltamethrin‐sprayed houses at Ndumu were checked for insecticide efficacy by bioassay using susceptible \u003Cjats:italic>An. arabiensis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (laboratory‐reared) that demonstrated 100% mortality. Members of the \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> group from Ndumu houses (29 males, 116 females) were identified by the rDNA PCR method and four species were found: 74 \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Giles \u003Cjats:italic>sensu stricto,\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> 34 \u003Cjats:italic>An. parensis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Gillies\u003Cjats:italic>,\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> seven \u003Cjats:italic>An. rivulorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Leeson and one \u003Cjats:italic>An. leesoni\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Evans. Among \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus s.s.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> females, 5.4% (4\u002F74) were positive for \u003Cjats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> by ELISA and PCR tests. To test for pyrethroid resistance, mosquito adults were exposed to permethrin discriminating dosage and mortality scored 24 h post‐exposure: survival rates of wild‐caught healthy males were 5\u002F10 \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, 1\u002F9 \u003Cjats:italic>An. rivulorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> and 0\u002F2 \u003Cjats:italic>An. parensis;\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> survival rates of laboratory‐reared adult progeny from 19 \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> females averaged 14% (after 1 h exposure to 1% permethrin 25 : 75 cis : trans on papers in WHO test kits) and 27% (after 30 min in a bottle with 25 μg permethrin 40 : 60 cis : trans). \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> families showing > 20% survival in these two resistance test procedures numbered 5\u002F19 and 12\u002F19, respectively. Progeny from 15 of the families were tested on 4% DDT impregnated papers and gave 100% mortality. Finding these proportions of pyrethroid‐resistant \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, associated with a malaria upsurge at Ndumu, has serious implications for malaria vector control operations in southern Africa.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title> Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p> Tỉnh Bắc KwaZulu\u002FNatal (KZN) của Nam Phi nằm giáp Mozambique ở phía nam, giữa Swaziland và Ấn Độ Dương. Để kiểm soát các vector gây bệnh sốt rét tại KZN, các ngôi nhà được phun hàng năm với DDT tồn dư 2 g\u002Fm\u003Cjats:sup>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sup> cho đến năm 1996 khi việc xử lý chuyển sang deltamethrin 20–25 mg\u002Fm\u003Cjats:sup>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>. Tại Ndumu (27°02′ S, 32°19′ E), tỷ lệ bệnh sốt rét được ghi nhận đã tăng gấp sáu lần từ 1995 đến 1999. Các khảo sát Entomological cuối năm 1999 phát hiện nhóm muỗi \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (Diptera: Culicidae) trú trong các ngôi nhà đã phun ở một số khu vực của Ndumu. Loài vector rất nội trú này đã bị loại khỏi Nam Phi bởi phun DDT trong những năm 1950, khiến \u003Cjats:italic>An. arabiensis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Patton, ít nội trú hơn, trở thành vector quan trọng duy nhất tại KZN. Các ngôi nhà được phun deltamethrin tại Ndumu đã được kiểm tra tính hiệu quả của thuốc diệt côn trùng bằng phương pháp sinh học với \u003Cjats:italic>An. arabiensis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> dễ nhiễm bệnh (được nuôi tại phòng thí nghiệm) và cho thấy tỷ lệ chết 100%. Các thành viên của nhóm \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> từ các ngôi nhà ở Ndumu (29 con đực, 116 con cái) đã được xác định bằng phương pháp rDNA PCR và phát hiện có bốn loài: 74 \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Giles \u003Cjats:italic>sensu stricto,\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> 34 \u003Cjats:italic>An. parensis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Gillies, bảy \u003Cjats:italic>An. rivulorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Leeson và một \u003Cjats:italic>An. leesoni\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> Evans. Trong số các con cái \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus s.s.,\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> 5,4% (4\u002F74) dương tính với \u003Cjats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> qua các xét nghiệm ELISA và PCR. Để kiểm tra kháng pyrethroid, những con muỗi trưởng thành được tiếp xúc với liều phân biệt permethrin và tỷ lệ tử vong được ghi chép 24 giờ sau khi tiếp xúc: tỷ lệ sống sót của đực mạnh bắt tự nhiên là 5\u002F10 \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus,\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> 1\u002F9 \u003Cjats:italic>An. rivulorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> và 0\u002F2 \u003Cjats:italic>An. parensis;\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> tỷ lệ sống sót của thế hệ trưởng thành nuôi từ 19 con cái \u003Cjats:italic>An. funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> trong phòng thí nghiệm trung bình 14% (sau 1 giờ tiếp xúc với 1% permethrin 25 : 75 cis : trans trên giấy trong bộ thử nghiệm WHO) và 27% (sau 30 phút trong chai chứa 25 μg permethrin 40 : 60 cis : trans). Những \u003Cjats:italic>Anopheles funestus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> có tỷ lệ sống sót > 20% trong hai phương pháp thử nghiệm khả năng kháng này gồm 5\u002F19 và 12\u002F19. Thế hệ từ 15 gia đình được thử nghiệm trên giấy tẩm DDT 4% và cho kết quả tử vong 100%. Việc phát hiện tỷ lệ kháng pyrethroid này, gắn liền với sự gia tăng bệnh sốt rét tại Ndumu, có ý nghĩa nghiêm trọng đối với hoạt động kiểm soát vector truyền bệnh sốt rét ở miền nam châu Phi.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2640,"VI":2641},"\u003Ci>Anopheles funestus\u003C\u002Fi> resistant to pyrethroid insecticides in South Africa","\u003Ci>Anopheles funestus\u003C\u002Fi> kháng thuốc diệt côn trùng pyrethroid tại Nam Phi",{"VOID":2643},"10872862",{"VOID":2645},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2000.00234.x",[145],[401],"https:\u002F\u002Fresjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2000.00234.x",[2650,2667,2686,2703,2722,2737],{"id":2651,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":2652,"affiliations":2653,"properties":2662,"displayName":2664,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"37344a5f-5ae3-4108-a4ac-66f3bc379cdc",[],[2654],{"id":2655,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2656,"properties":24},"fd923885-e1c5-49bf-ae45-1c88b81ae144",{"id":2655,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2657,"slug":24,"properties":2658,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2661,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2659},{"EN":2660},"Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Jozini, Kwazulu\u002FNatal Province,",[],{"title":2663,"openalex":2665},{"EN":2664},"K. 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A New Method for Preventing Malaria Deaths.International Development Research Centre Ottawa and World Health Organization Geneva.",{},{"id":24,"text":2916,"url":24,"identifiers":2917},"Lepers J.P., 1990, Transmission and epidemiology of newly transmitted falciparum malaria in the central highland plateaux of Madagascar, Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 85, 297, 10.1080\u002F00034983.1991.11812564",{"doi":2918},"10.1080\u002F00034983.1991.11812564",{"id":24,"text":2580,"url":24,"identifiers":2920},{"doi":2580},{"id":24,"text":1962,"url":24,"identifiers":2922},{"doi":1962},{"id":24,"text":2924,"url":24,"identifiers":2925},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2915.2000.00228.x",{"doi":2924},{"id":24,"text":1965,"url":24,"identifiers":2927},{"doi":1965},{"id":24,"text":2929,"url":24,"identifiers":2930},"Pampana E.J., 1969, A Textbook of Malaria Eradication.",{},{"id":24,"text":2932,"url":24,"identifiers":2933},"Park Ross G.A., 1936, Insecticide as a major measure in the control of malaria, being an account of the methods and organizations put into force in Natal and Zululand during the past six years, Quarterly Bulletin of the Health Organization of the League of Nations, 5, 114",{},{"id":24,"text":1983,"url":24,"identifiers":2935},{"doi":1983},{"id":24,"text":2937,"url":24,"identifiers":2938},"Sharp B.L., 1996, Malaria in South Africa – the past, the present and selected implications for the future, South African Medical Journal, 86, 83",{},{"id":24,"text":2940,"url":24,"identifiers":2941},"10.1016\u002F0166-6851(93)90077-B",{"doi":2940},{"id":24,"text":2943,"url":24,"identifiers":2944},"Touré Y.T., 1982, Study of Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae s.l. susceptibility to insecticides in a rural area of Sudan savanna in Mali, Cahiers ORSTOM, Series Entomologie Medicale et Parasitologie, 20, 125",{},{"id":24,"text":2042,"url":24,"identifiers":2946},{"doi":2042},{"id":24,"text":2291,"url":24,"identifiers":2948},{"doi":2291},{"id":24,"text":2294,"url":24,"identifiers":2950},{"doi":2294},{"id":24,"text":2952,"url":24,"identifiers":2953},"WHO1975Manual on Practical Entomology in Malaria. 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