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Appropriate assessment and reporting methods of the cycling stability of electrolyte materials are recommended. Future directions in developing advanced electrolyte materials are presented. Redox flow batteries represent a viable technology for scalable energy storage. However, widespread market adoption of flow battery technologies is significantly impeded by the lack of robust, low-cost redox active electrolyte materials. In this perspective, we highlight the merits and drawbacks of representative inorganic and organic redox active electrolytes. 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Hu, Y. Zhao, T.L. Liu, Status and prospects of organic redox flow batteries towards sustainable energy storage. ACS Energy Lett. 4, 2220–2240 (2019)",{"doi":307},{"id":18,"text":321,"url":18,"identifiers":322},"DOE, International Energy Outlook 2016, with Projections to 2040, DOE\u002FEIA-0484 (U.S. Energy Information Administration, EIA, 2016)",{},{"id":303,"text":324,"url":305,"identifiers":325},"Z. Yang, J. Zhang, M.C.W. Kintner-Meyer, X. Lu, D. Choi, J.P. Lemmon, J. Liu, Electrochemical energy storage for green grid. Chem. Rev. 111, 3577–3613 (2011)",{"doi":307},{"id":18,"text":327,"url":18,"identifiers":328},"L.H. Thaller, Electrically rechargeable redox flow cell, US Patent 3,996,064, 1976",{},{"id":18,"text":330,"url":331,"identifiers":332},"B. Hu, J. Luo, C. Debruler, M. Hu, W. Wu, T.L. 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Liu, Unprecedented capacity and stability of ammonium ferrocyanide catholyte in pH neutral aqueous redox flow batteries. Joule 3, 149–163 (2019)",{"doi":307},{"id":303,"text":370,"url":305,"identifiers":371},"M.-A. Goulet, M.J. Aziz, Flow battery molecular reactant stability determined by symmetric cell cycling methods. J. Electrochem. Soc. 165, A1466–A1477 (2018)",{"doi":307},{"id":303,"text":373,"url":305,"identifiers":374},"T. Janoschka, N. Martin, M.D. Hager, U.S. Schubert, An aqueous redox-flow battery with high capacity and power: the TEMPTMA\u002FMV system. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 55, 14427–14430 (2016)",{"doi":307},{"id":18,"text":376,"url":377,"identifiers":378},"B. Hu, J. Luo, M. Hu, T.L. Liu, A stable, Low permeable TEMPO catholyte for aqueous total organic redox flow batteries. Adv. 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Science 372, 788–789 (2021)",{"doi":307},{"id":18,"text":475,"url":476,"identifiers":477},"ARPA-E GRIDS Program Overview (Office of ARPR-E, Department of Energy, United States, 2011). http:\u002F\u002Farpa-e.energy.gov\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002Fdocuments\u002Ffiles\u002FGRIDS_ProgramOverview.pdf","http:\u002F\u002Farpa-e.energy.gov\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002Fdocuments\u002Ffiles\u002FGRIDS_ProgramOverview.pdf",{},{"id":18,"text":479,"url":480,"identifiers":481},"Program Planning Document on Energy Storage (Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Department of Energy, United States, 2011). http:\u002F\u002Fenergy.gov\u002Foe\u002Fdownloads\u002Fenergy-storage-program-planning-document-2011","http:\u002F\u002Fenergy.gov\u002Foe\u002Fdownloads\u002Fenergy-storage-program-planning-document-2011",{},{"id":303,"text":483,"url":305,"identifiers":484},"V. Dieterich, J.D. Milshtein, J.L. Barton, T.J. Carney, R.M. Darling, F.R. Brushett, Estimating the cost of organic battery active materials: a case study on anthraquinone disulfonic acid. Transl. Mater. Res. 5, 034001 (2018)",{"doi":307},false,{"id":487,"createTime":488,"updateTime":489,"relativeEntities":490,"slug":491,"properties":492,"entityType":160,"verifyStatus":161,"verifyTime":489,"verifyNote":163,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":501,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":502,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":568,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":627,"publishYear":628,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":18,"indexDatabases":629,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":485},"ee468ff7-ca03-45b7-b4c6-7b24ebc552d2","2024-01-15T19:46:22.359+00:00","2025-02-26T04:00:20.689+00:00",[],"Impact-of-modularity-as-a-circular-design-strategy-on-materials-use-for-smart-mobile-devices",{"abstract":493,"title":495,"references":497,"doi":499},{"EN":494},"There is a huge variety of modular product designs for smartphones (concept studies, prototypes, products on the market), and a similarly high variety of circular economy aspects related to these different design approaches. Modularity requires initially more material input but pays off as the consumer is embracing the possibilities of modularity. Key materials for modularity features are gold, beryllium, and neodymium, etc. On the example of smartphones modularity as a strategy for circular design is analyzed in detail. Modularity of products is a design trend, which is supposed to facilitate reparability, recyclability, and\u002For upgradeability. However, modularity requires some design changes. The most evident design change is the need for connectors to provide mechanical and electrical contact between individual modules. Depending on the nature and use scenario of a connector reliability, robustness, wear resistance, and non-reactive surfaces are required. The paper explains different modularity approaches for smartphones, some of these being already available in the market, others are still in a conceptual phase. Analyzing technologies for modularity leads to a group of “modularity materials,” which are essential for such circular design approaches, but at the same time are among those materials with a large environmental footprint or limited recyclability. A life cycle assessment of a modular smartphone shows a roughly 10% higher environmental life cycle impact compared with a conventional design. This needs to be compensated by reaping the circular economy benefits of a modular design, i.e., higher likeliness of getting a broken device repaired, extending the lifetime through hardware upgrades and refurbishment.",{"EN":496},"Impact of modularity as a circular design strategy on materials use for smart mobile devices",{"VOID":498},"Schischke K., Proske M., Nissen N.F., and Lang K.-D.: Modular products: Smartphone design from a circular economy perspective. 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Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fnewzoo.com\u002Finsights\u002Farticles\u002F63-percent-of-all-iphones-eversold-still-in-use\u002F (accessed January 28, 2019).",{"VOID":500},"10.1557\u002Fmre.2019.17","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1557\u002Fmre.2019.17",[503,518,531,544],{"id":504,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":505,"affiliations":506,"properties":515,"displayName":517,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"7ab2085e-0d85-43a3-a781-d4ee24856641",[169],[507],{"id":508,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":509,"properties":18},"c4f0862a-a89e-4106-8a27-ec1c292db7a1",{"id":508,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":510,"slug":18,"properties":511,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":514,"statistic":18},[],{"title":512},{"VI":513},"Fraunhofer IZM—Department Environmental and Reliability Engineering, Berlin, Germany",[],{"title":516},{"VI":517},"Karsten Schischke",{"id":519,"sortIndex":186,"researcher":18,"roles":520,"affiliations":521,"properties":528,"displayName":530,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"4cee3231-05c5-46d3-b113-8a8c1d2e700d",[169],[522],{"id":508,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":523,"properties":18},{"id":508,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":524,"slug":18,"properties":525,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":527,"statistic":18},[],{"title":526},{"VI":513},[],{"title":529},{"VI":530},"Marina Proske",{"id":532,"sortIndex":200,"researcher":18,"roles":533,"affiliations":534,"properties":541,"displayName":543,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"57b03e32-ab7f-48a9-b9da-d30cde426090",[169],[535],{"id":508,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":536,"properties":18},{"id":508,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":537,"slug":18,"properties":538,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":540,"statistic":18},[],{"title":539},{"VI":513},[],{"title":542},{"VI":543},"Nils F. 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liquid-state pyroelectric energy harvester is described and a remarkable capacity to convert a thermal gradient into electrical energy is demonstrated. Increasing the sustainability of energy generation can be pursued by harvesting extremely low enthalpy sources: low temperature differences between cold and hot reservoirs are easily achieved in every industrial process, both at large and small scales, in plants as well as in small appliances, vehicles, natural environments, and human bodies. This paper presents the assessment and efficiency estimate of a liquid-state pyroelectric energy harvester, based on a colloid containing barium titanate nanoparticles and ferrofluid as a stabilizer. The liquid is set in motion by an external pump to control velocity, in a range similar to the one achieved by Rayleigh–Bénard convection, and the colloid reservoir is heated. The colloid is injected into a Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene pipe where titanium electrodes are placed to collect electrical charges generated by pyroelectricity on the surface of the nanoparticles, reaching 22.4% of the ideal Carnot efficiency of a thermal machine working on the same temperature drop. The maximum extracted electrical power per unit of volume is above 7 mW\u002Fm3 with a ΔT between electrodes of 3.9 K.",{"EN":640},"Liquid-state pyroelectric energy harvesting",{"VOID":642},"International Energy Agency: World Energy Outlook 2019 (EIA GOV, 2019), Washington, DC.\nBritish Petroleum Company: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 68th ed. (British Petroleum Co., 2019), London.\nForman C., Muritala I.K., Pardemann R., and Meyer B.: Estimating the global waste heat potential. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 57, 1568–1579 (2016).\nPark C., Lee H., Hwang Y., and Radermacher R.: Recent advances in vapor compression cycle technologies. Int. J. Refrig. 60, 118–134 (2015).\nElsheniti M.B., Elsamni O.A., Al-dadah R.K., Mahmoud S., Elsayed E., and Saleh K.: Adsorption refrigeration technologies. Sustain. Air Cond. Syst., 71–94 (2018).\nZhang X., He M., and Zhang Y.: A review of research on the Kalina cycle. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 16, 5309–5318 (2012).\nYamamoto T., Furuhata T., Arai N., and Mori K.: Design and testing of the organic rankine cycle. Energy 26, 239–251 (2001).\nGarofalo E., Bevione M., Cecchini L., Matiussi F., and Chiolerio A.: Waste heat to power: Technologies, current applications and future potential.Energy Technology (inpress). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fente.202000413.\nTorfs T., Leonov V., and Hoof C.V. Body-Heat Powered Autonomous Pulse Oximeter, 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors (2006); pp. 22–25.\nLeonov V.: Simulation of maximum power in the wearable thermoelectric generator with a small thermop. Microsyst. Technol. 17, 495–504 (2011).\nLeonov V.: Thermoelectric energy harvesting of human body heat for wearable sensors. In IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 13 (2013); pp. 2284–2291.\nLeonov V., Torfs T., Fiorini P., and Hoof C.V.: Thermoelectric converters of human warmth for self-powered wireless sensor nodes. In IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL Vol. 7 (2007); pp. 650–657.\nXue H., Yang Q., Wang D., Luo W., Wang W., Lin M., Liang D., and Luo Q.: A wearable pyroelectric nanogenerator and self-powered breathing sensor. Nano Energy 38, 147–154 (2017).\nRyu H. and Kim S.-W.: Emerging pyroelectric nanogenerators to convert thermal energy into electrical energy. Small 1903469, 1–21 (2019).\nChiolerio A., Garofalo E.,Bevione M., and Cecchini L.: Dispositivo per la conversione di energia termica in energia elettrica. Italian patent application (27\u002F07\u002F2020) n. IT 102020000018097.\nGarofalo E., Cecchini L., Bevione M., Chiolerio A.: Triboelectric characterization of colloidal TiO2 for energy harvesting applications. MDPI 10(6), 1181 (2020). doi:10.3390\u002Fnano10061181.\nChiolerio A. and Quadrelli M.B.: Colloidal stems. Energy Technol. 7, 1–30 (2019).\nIsse A.: Crystal Hybridized Pyro-Piezoelectric Ferrofluidic Harvester. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fftp\u002Farxiv\u002Fpapers\u002F1809\u002F1809.09694.pdf (accessed September 2020).\nJin L., Zhang Y., Yu Y., Chen Z., Li Y., Cao M., Che Y., and Yao J.: Self-powered colloidal wurtzite-structure quantum dots photodetectors based on photoinduced-pyroelectric effect. Adv. Opt. Mater. 1800639, 1–8 (2018).\nMaterials I.A.: Barium titanate (barium titanium oxide, BaTiO3) powder. Adv. Mater., Available at: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.advancedmaterials.us\u002F5622-ON4.htm (Accessed October 2020)\nHughes A.: The Einstein relation between relative viscosity and volume concentration of suspensions of spheres. Nature 173, 1089–1090 (1954).\nAngaitkar J.N. and Shende D.A.T.: Temperature dependent dynamic (absolute) scosity of Oil. Int. J. Eng. Innovative Technol. 3, 449–454 (2008).\nHarms T.M., Jog M.A., and Manglik R.M.: Effects of temperature dependent viscosity variations and boundary conditions on fully developed laminar forced convection in a semicircular duct. J. Heat Transfer 120, 600–604 (1998).\nLang S.B.: Sourcebook of pyroelectricity (Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1974), London.\nSrinivasan M.: Pyroelectric materials. Bull. Mater. Sci. 6, 317–325 (1984).\nJachalke S., Mehner E., Stöcker H., Hanzig J., Sonntag M., Weigel T., Leisegang T., and Meyer D.: How to measure the pyroelectric coefficient. Appl. Phys. Rev. 021303, 4 (2017).\nXie J.: Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Pyroelectric Energy Scavenging (Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Commonwealth, Richmond, 2007).\nGhaednia H. and Jackson R.L.: The effect of nanoparticles on the real area of contact, friction and wear. J. Tribol. 135, 1–10 (2013).\nWadwalkar S.S., Jackson R.L., and Kogut L.: A study of the elastic-plastic deformation of heavily deformed spherical contacts. J. Eng. Tribol. 224, 1091–1102 (2010).\nJackson R.L. and Green I.: A finite element study of elasto-plastic hemispherical contact against a rigid flat. J. Tribol. 127, 343–354 (2005).\nTrzepiecinski T. and Gromada M.: Characterization of mechanical properties of barium titanate ceramics with different grain sizes. Mater. Sci.- Pol. 36, 151–156 (2018).\nCheng B.L., Gabbay M., Duffy W., and Fantozzi G.: Mechanical loss and Young’s modulus associated with phase transitions in barium titanate based ceramics. J. Mater. Sci. 36, 4951–4955 (1996).\nYuan X. and Yang F.: Energy transfer in pyroelectric material. In Heat Conduction: Basic Research, V.S. Vikhrenko, ed. (InTech, Croatia, 2011), pp. 229–248.\nErtuğ B.: The overview of the electrical properties of barium titanate. Am. J. Eng. Res. 2, 1–7 (2013).\nHemrajani R.R. and Tatterson G.B.: Mechanically stirred vessels. In Handbook of Industrial Mixing: Science and Practice, Chapter 6, E.L. Paul, V.A. Atiemo-Obeng and S.M. Kresta, eds. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003), pp. 345–390.\nBuongiorno J.: Convective transport in nanofluids. J. Heat Transfer 128, 240–250 (2006).\nMousavi N.S. and Kumar S.: Effective heat capacity of ferrofluids e Analytical approach. Int. J. Therm. Sci. 84, 267–274 (2014).",{"VOID":644},"10.1557\u002Fmre.2020.39","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1557\u002Fmre.2020.39",[647,662,684,704],{"id":648,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":649,"affiliations":650,"properties":659,"displayName":661,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"425798b5-95ed-461f-a9fd-ac9bae94c0c9",[169],[651],{"id":652,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":653,"properties":18},"182e1814-3341-4c9a-ad94-6ec45676a6f4",{"id":652,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":654,"slug":18,"properties":655,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":658,"statistic":18},[],{"title":656},{"VI":657},"Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Torino, Italy",[],{"title":660},{"VI":661},"M. 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The suggested methodology was used to answer the problem of optimal dynamic generation scheduling for the thermal generation unit along with thermal unit integrated with renewable sources such as wind, solar, and electric vehicles. The problem is solved using a unique hybrid CSMA-SCA optimizer in three steps: first, the units are prioritized based on the average full load cost, and the unit scheduling solution is used without consideration of the many constraints that have an impact on the solutions. The second step is the establishment of a heuristic constraints repair mechanism, which forces previous solutions to comply with inescapable constraints. The third step is the implementation of an optimal power generation share allocation for all participating units. To model the stochastic behavior of wind speed and solar radiation, the Weibull probability distribution and Beta PDF functions are used. To avoid the algorithm from slipping into local minima and achieve a better balance between exploration and exploitation, a novel chaotic position updating method called  Singer map-based position updating is proposed. The suggested method has proven effective in small-, medium-, and large-scale thermal power systems as well as thermal systems that integrate wind power. The extensive studies demonstrate that the CSMA-SCA methodology presented in this research outperforms most current methods in terms of producing high-quality solutions around global minima. \n                  \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                  \n                ",{"EN":789},"A chaotic hybrid optimization technique for solution of dynamic generation scheduling problem considering effect of renewable energy sources",{"VOID":791},"S. Maghsudlu, S. Mohammadi, Optimal scheduled unit commitment considering suitable power of electric vehicle and photovoltaic uncertainty. J. Renew. Sustain. Energy (2018). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1063\u002F1.5009247\nG.B. Sheble, G.N. Fahd, Unit commitment literature synopsis. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 9(1), 128–135 (1994). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1109\u002F59.317549\nR. Quan, J. Jian, L. Yang, An improved priority list and neighborhood search method for unit commitment. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 67, 278–285 (2015). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002FJ.IJEPES.2014.11.025\nW.L. Snyder, H.D. Powell, J.C. Rayburn, Dynamic programming approach to unit commitment. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2, 339–347 (1987)\nM.L. Fisher, The Lagrangian relaxation method for solving integer programming problems. Manage. Sci. 50(12), 1861–1871 (2004). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1287\u002Fmnsc.1040.0263\nA. Borghetti et al., Lagrangian relaxation and Tabu search approaches for the unit commitment problem, in: IEEE Porto Power Tech Conf., 2001.\nA.I. Cohen, M. Yoshimura, A branch-and-bound algorithm for unit commitment. IEEE Trans. Power Appar. Syst. 2, 444–451 (1983)\nF. Glover, Tabu search: part I. Orsa J. Comput. 1(3), 190–206 (1989)\nA.H. Mantawy, Y.L. Abdel-Magid, S.Z. Selim, Unit commitment by tabu search. IEE Proc. Gener. Transm. Distrib. 145(1), 56 (1998). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1049\u002Fip-gtd:19981681\nC.L. Tseng et al., Solving the unit commitment problem by a unit decommitment method 1, 2. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 105(3), 707–730 (2000)\nS. Patra, S.K. Goswami, B. Goswami, Fuzzy and simulated annealing based dynamic programming for the unit commitment problem. Expert Syst. Appl. 36(3), 5081–5086 (2009). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.eswa.2008.06.039\nS. Arif, R.D. Mohammedi, A. Hellal, A. Choucha, A memory simulated annealing method to the unit commitment problem with ramp constraints. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 37(4), 1021–1031 (2012). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13369-012-0217-2\nC. Verma, V. 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IEEE Access 8, 130840–130854 (2020). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1109\u002FACCESS.2020.3008830\nC. Verma, Z. Illés, V. Stoffová, P.K. Singh, Predicting attitude of indian student’s towards ICT and mobile technology for real-time: preliminary results. IEEE Access 8, 178022–178033 (2020). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1109\u002FACCESS.2020.3026934\nC. Verma, V. Stoffová, Z. Illés, Prediction of students’ awareness level towards ICT and mobile technology in Indian and Hungarian University for the real-time: preliminary results. Heliyon (2019). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.heliyon.2019.e01806\nC.C.A. Rajan, M.R. Mohan, An evolutionary programming-based tabu search method for solving the unit commitment problem. IEEE Tranc. Power Syst. 19(1), 577–585 (2004)\nZ.W. Geem, J.H. Kim, G.V. Loganathan, A new heuristic optimization algorithm: harmony search. SIMULATION 76(2), 60–68 (2001). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1177\u002F003754970107600201\nB. Ji, X. Yuan, X. 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Marwaha, Moth flame optimizer-based solution approach for unit commitment and generation scheduling problem of electric power system. J. Comput. Des. Eng. 7(5), 668–683 (2020). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fjcde\u002Fqwaa050",{"VOID":793},"10.1557\u002Fs43581-022-00050-y","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1557\u002Fs43581-022-00050-y",[796,811],{"id":797,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":798,"affiliations":799,"properties":808,"displayName":810,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"59c481e5-bd89-420e-89ff-9dd42740aa25",[169],[800],{"id":801,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":802,"properties":18},"c57b1e73-081f-4678-a561-7062e18d804c",{"id":801,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":803,"slug":18,"properties":804,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":807,"statistic":18},[],{"title":805},{"VI":806},"Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sangrur, India",[],{"title":809},{"VI":810},"Ashutosh Bhadoria",{"id":812,"sortIndex":186,"researcher":18,"roles":813,"affiliations":814,"properties":821,"displayName":823,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"64713c1b-1799-42c6-a173-76d830b7c03a",[169],[815],{"id":801,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":816,"properties":18},{"id":801,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":817,"slug":18,"properties":818,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":820,"statistic":18},[],{"title":819},{"VI":806},[],{"title":822},{"VI":823},"Sanjay Marwaha",{"url":794,"publisher":825,"properties":878},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":826,"slug":10,"properties":827,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":830,"manageAffiliations":847,"indexDatabases":858,"url":99,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":873,"gsStatistic":18,"type":140,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":828,"title":829},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[831,835,839,843],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":832,"label":833,"description":834,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},{"id":28,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":836,"label":837,"description":838,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":31},{},{"id":34,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":840,"label":841,"description":842,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":37},{},{"id":40,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":844,"label":845,"description":846,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":43},{},[848,853],{"id":47,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":849,"slug":18,"properties":850,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":852,"statistic":18},[],{"title":851},{"EN":51},[53],{"id":55,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":854,"slug":18,"properties":855,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":857,"statistic":18},[],{"title":856},{"EN":59},[],[859,866],{"id":63,"indexDatabase":860,"url":76,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":865,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":65,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":861,"label":862,"description":863,"key":72,"publicationTags":864,"standard":18},[],{"EN":68,"VI":68},{"EN":70,"VI":71},[74,75],[78],{"id":80,"indexDatabase":867,"url":91,"indexYears":92,"academicFieldIds":872,"indexDatabaseRanking":98},{"id":82,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":868,"label":869,"description":870,"key":88,"publicationTags":871,"standard":18},[],{"EN":85,"VI":85},{"EN":85,"VI":87},[90],[94,95,96,97],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":874,"i10Index":110,"i10IndexLast5Year":111,"totalPublication":112,"totalPublicationByYear":875,"totalCitation":123,"totalCitationByYear":876,"totalCitationPerPublication":131,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":877,"hindexLast5Year":139,"hindex":139},{"2016":102,"2017":103,"2018":104,"2019":105,"2020":106,"2021":107,"2022":108,"2023":109},{"2014":114,"2015":115,"2016":116,"2017":117,"2018":118,"2019":119,"2020":120,"2021":121,"2022":122,"2023":118,"2024":111},{"2015":125,"2016":126,"2017":127,"2018":128,"2019":127,"2020":129,"2022":130},{"2015":133,"2016":111,"2017":134,"2018":135,"2019":136,"2020":137,"2022":138},{"pages":879,"volume":881},{"VOID":880},"52-93",{"VOID":882},"10","2022-11-17",[74,90],{"id":886,"createTime":887,"updateTime":888,"relativeEntities":889,"slug":890,"properties":891,"entityType":160,"verifyStatus":161,"verifyTime":888,"verifyNote":163,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":900,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":901,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":947,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":1005,"publishYear":291,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":18,"indexDatabases":1006,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":485},"c1a7fd8c-b622-46b4-b3a2-d5754730f95f","2023-12-21T14:57:16.571+00:00","2025-02-24T03:43:48.466+00:00",[],"A-study-on-various-sources-and-technologies-for-production-of-biodiesel-and-its-efficiency",{"abstract":892,"title":894,"references":896,"doi":898},{"EN":893},"Energy from renewable sources is steadily expanding, even if fossil fuels remain the primary source of energy. Numerous advantages to biodiesel over other biofuels and fossil fuels make it a promising alternative fuel. It was the goal of this research project to distinguish between conventional and new technologies used throughout the biodiesel production and consumption life cycle. Biodiesel generation from micro-algal lipids and enhanced homogeneous and enzymatic transesterification, as well as non-catalytic supercritical transesterification using microwave and ultrasound as helping technologies, are all discussed in detail in the study. Our examination of biodiesel environmental assessment principles and current accomplishments takes into account all the variables that can affect the process efficiency and safety. Scientific research and development on biodiesel have increased over the past few decades. Alternative fuels are high in demand due to dwindling petroleum hydrocarbon supplies worldwide. Biodiesel, a type of biofuel, is now being hailed as a breakthrough commodity that will eventually replace petroleum-based diesel. Biodiesel is a crucial advantage over conventional diesel in biodegradability, reduced exhaust emissions, more outstanding flash points, good lubricity, and other characteristics. Feedstock for biodiesel production includes various edible oils, non-edible oils, animal fats, microalgal oils, waste oils, and advanced solar oil. Biodiesel is prepared by breaking down the fats and oils into their corresponding alkyl esters by heating them. Processes such as transesterification, dilution, pyrolysis, and microemulsion are used to synthesize biodiesel. Microwave-assisted transesterification, reactive distillation, membrane separation, reactive extraction, and ultrasound are all recent developments in biodiesel manufacturing. The present works compare the ongoing research in the area of various biodiesel production processes in terms of their effectiveness. \n                  \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                  \n                ",{"EN":895},"A study on various sources and technologies for production of biodiesel and its efficiency",{"VOID":897},"M. Safieddin Ardebili, B. Ghobadian, G. Najafi, A. Chegeni, Biodiesel production potential from edible oil seeds in Iran. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 15(6), 3041–3044 (2011). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.rser.2011.03.004\nL. Yang, M. Takase, M. Zhang, T. Zhao, X. Wu, Potential non-edible oil feedstock for biodiesel production in Africa: a survey. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 38, 461–477 (2014). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.rser.2014.06.002\nF. Toldra-Reig, L. Mora, F. Toldra, Trends in biodiesel production from animal fat waste. Appl. Sci. 10(3644), 1–17 (2020)\nH.M. 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Kothari, Particulate emissions from biodiesel vs diesel fuelled compression ignition engine. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 15(6), 3278–3300 (2011). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.rser.2011.04.002\nJ.N. Gangwar, T. Gupta, A.K. Agarwal, Composition and comparative toxicity of particulate matter emitted from a diesel and biodiesel fuelled CRDI engine. Atmos. Environ. 46, 472–481 (2012). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.atmosenv.2011.09.007\nU.S. Umana, M.S. Ebong, E.O. Godwin, Biomass production from oil palm and its value chain. J. Hum Earth Future 1(1), 30–38 (2020). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.28991\u002Fhef-2020-01-01-04\nG.M. Brito, M.B. Chicon, E.R.C. Coelho, D.N. Faria, J.C.C. Freitas, Eco-green biodiesel production from domestic waste cooking oil by transesterification using LiOH into basic catalysts mixtures. J. Renew. Sustain. Energy (2020). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1063\u002F5.0005625\nR. Niculescu, A. Clenci, V. 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are losing the climate change mitigation challenge. The task now before us: minimize the impacts. The status of the climate change mitigation challenge is analyzed and summarized. Pressures spawned by industrialization and population growth have driven unsustainable growth in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, yielding global warming. Such warming has accelerated over the last three years and for 2016 was 1.3 °C over pre-industrial levels. Serious climate change induced impacts have already occurred and more serious ones are projected. The recent UN Paris COP agreement is only a small step toward meaningful mitigation. It will only slow emission growth and will not lead to near term aggressive annual emission decreases, which are needed to avoid warming of 2 °C or more. We are losing the battle to protect the planet from unacceptable climate change impacts. To minimize the impacts, the following is needed: more aggressive communication of the seriousness of the problem to national leaders and the public, a serious adaptation program, a dramatically expanded RD&D program to accelerate the development of low cost low C technologies, with a focus on potentially transformational technologies, and a serious commitment to peak global emissions as soon as possible and drastically reduce such emissions annually from that point on. A global agreement to set a price on carbon (C) could be effective in helping to achieve such an aggressive emission reduction trajectory.",{"EN":1017},"We are losing the climate change mitigation challenge; Is it too late to recover?",{"VOID":1019},"The European Earth Observation and Monitoring Programme (ECMWF), Copernicus: Earth on the Edge: Record Breaking 2016 was Close to 1.5 °C Warming. 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Slide presentation at meeting attended by author, 2017.",{},{"id":18,"text":1375,"url":18,"identifiers":1376},"In Minnesota for example, distributed energy resources are defined at 10 MW or less: Interconnection of On-Site Distributed Generation, Minn. Stat. §216B. 1611 (September 28, 2004).",{},{"id":18,"text":1378,"url":18,"identifiers":1379},"Bradley M.J. and Associates: Powering into the Future—Renewable Energy & Grid Reliability, 17(23), 27–33 (2017).",{},{"id":18,"text":1381,"url":18,"identifiers":1382},"IEEE Standards Association, IEEE P1547 Approved Draft: Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems (2003). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fstandards.ieee.org\u002Ffindstds\u002Fstandard\u002F1547-2003.html (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1384,"url":18,"identifiers":1385},"Levitt A.: DER Update: ‘Ride Through’ and IEEE 1547–2018 (2018). Lecture, Slide 2, PJM, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.pjm.com\u002F-\u002Fmedia\u002Fcommittees-groups\u002Fcommittees\u002Foc\u002F20180306\u002F20180306-item-21-derride-through-for-oc.ashx (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1387,"url":18,"identifiers":1388},"Forrest D.: Implementation of the Revised IEEE Standard 1547 (2018). Presentation, Slide 11, New England ISO, February 14, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.iso-ne.com\u002Fstatic-assets\u002Fdocuments\u002F2018\u002F02\u002Fa2_implementation_of_revised_ieee_standard_1547_presentation.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1390,"url":18,"identifiers":1391},"Rackey S.: PVS: Taking on the Peakers (2017). LinkedIn, July 17, 2017. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fpulse\u002Fpvs-taking-peakers-scottrackey\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019); S. Rackey, in meeting with author, 2017.",{},{"id":18,"text":1393,"url":18,"identifiers":1394},"Energy Transition Lab: Energy Storage 101, 2nd Edition—A Quick- Reference Handbook (2017). Available at: http:\u002F\u002Fenergytransition.umn.edu\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2017\u002F07\u002FEnergy-Storage-101-2nd-Ed.-FINAL-2.0.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1396,"url":18,"identifiers":1397},"Fitzgerald G., Garrett J.M., Morris J., and Touati H.: The Economics of Battery Energy Storage: How multi-use, customer-sited batteries deliver the most services and value to customers and the grid (2015). Rocky Mountain Institute, September 2015. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Frmi.org\u002Finsight\u002Fthe-economics-of-battery-energy-storage-how-multi-use-customer-sited-batteries-deliver-the-most-services-and-value-to-customers-and-thegrid-executive-summary\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1399,"url":18,"identifiers":1400},"California Independent System Operator (ISO): FAST FACTS, what the duck curve tells us about managing a green grid (2016). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caiso.com\u002FDocuments\u002FFlexibleResourcesHelpRenewables_FastFacts.pdf.",{},{"id":18,"text":1402,"url":18,"identifiers":1403},"Palizban O. and Kauhaniemi K.: Microgrid control principles in island mode operation (2013). IEEE Xplore Digital Library, 2013 IEEE Grenoble Conference, Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fieeexplore.ieee.org\u002Fdocument\u002F6652453.",{},{"id":18,"text":1405,"url":18,"identifiers":1406},"Dyson M. and Engel A.: The Economics of Clean Energy Portfolios (2018). Webinar, Rocky Mountain Institute, July 3, 2018, used with permission. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=2rWifsGqVh8 (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1408,"url":18,"identifiers":1409},"Ong T.: Elon Musk’s giant battery is now delivering power to South Australia (2017). The Verge, December 1, 2017. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.theverge.com\u002F2017\u002F12\u002F1\u002F16723186\u002Felon-musk-battery-launched-southaustralia (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1411,"url":18,"identifiers":1412},"Lambert F.: Tesla’s giant battery in Australia reduced grid service cost by 90% (2018). Electrek, May, 11, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Felectrek.co\u002F2018\u002F05\u002F11\u002Ftesla-giant-battery-australia-reduced-grid-service-cost\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1414,"url":18,"identifiers":1415},"Stanfield S., Petta J.S., and Baldwin Auck S.: Charging Ahead: An Energy Storage Guide for Policymakers (2017). Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC), April 2017. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Firecusa.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2017\u002F04\u002FIREC_Charging-Ahead_Energy-Storage-Guide_FINALApril2017.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1417,"url":18,"identifiers":1418},"We identified energy storage activity ranging from policy or regulatory initiatives to significant project deployment in the following states: Arizona, California, Connecticut, Colorado, Hawaii, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, District of Columbia. Sources: Energy Storage Association: State Policy Menu for Storage (2017). Available at: http:\u002F\u002Fenergystorage.org\u002Fstatepolicymenu (accessed March 7, 2019)",{},{"id":18,"text":1420,"url":18,"identifiers":1421},"M. Jacobs: Energy Storage is the Policy Epicenter of Energy Innovation (2018). [Blog ]Union of Concerned Scientists, March 21, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fblog.ucsusa.org\u002Fmike-jacobs\u002Fenergy-storage-policyinnovation (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1423,"url":18,"identifiers":1424},"Wood Mackenzie Power & Renewables\u002FEnergy Storage Association, U.S. Energy Storage Monitor Q4 2018 Executive Summary, Slide 10, December, 2018.",{},{"id":18,"text":1426,"url":18,"identifiers":1427},"Forrester S.: Policy and market barriers to energy storage providing multiple services. Electr. J. 30, 52 (2017).",{},{"id":18,"text":1429,"url":18,"identifiers":1430},"Available on Energy Transition Lab website, http:\u002F\u002Fenergytransition.umn.edu\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F04\u002FMESC-comments-to-MISO.1.22.16.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1432,"url":18,"identifiers":1433},"162 FERC ¶ 61,127: Electric Storage Participation in Markets Operated by Regional Transmission Organizations and Independent System Operators. February 15, 2018; summarized by",{},{"id":18,"text":1435,"url":18,"identifiers":1436},"R. Lueken, J. Chang, H. Pfeifenberger, P. Ruiz, and H. Bishop: Getting to 50 GW? The Role of FERC Order 841, RTOs, States, and Utilities in Unlocking Storage’s Potential. The Brattle Group, February 22, 2018. Available at: http:\u002F\u002Ffiles.brattle.com\u002Ffiles\u002F13366_getting_to_50_gw_study_2.22.18.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1438,"url":18,"identifiers":1439},"Utility Dive Brief: MISO plans storage market roles in response to FERC Order 841 (2018). August 13, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.utilitydive.com\u002Fnews\u002Fmiso-plans-storage-market-roles-in-response-to-fercorder-841\u002F529996\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1441,"url":18,"identifiers":1442},"Brown M.: MISO press release. MISO moves Forward to Further Integrate Energy Storage Resources (2018). Deccember 4, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.misoenergy.org\u002Fabout\u002Fmedia-center\u002Fmiso-moves-forward-tofurther-integrate-energy-storage-resources\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1444,"url":18,"identifiers":1445},"Brooks M.: ISOs\u002FRTOs file FERC order 841 compliance plans. RTO insider, December 10, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.rtoinsider.com\u002Fferc-order-841-energy-storage-compliance-107534\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1447,"url":18,"identifiers":1448},"Conversation with Matt Prorok, Great Plains Institute, Aug. 3, 2018; Conversation with Angela Maiko, Great River Energy, Aug. 6, 2018.",{},{"id":18,"text":1450,"url":18,"identifiers":1451},"Conversation with Matt Prorok; Conversation with Angela Maiko.",{},{"id":18,"text":1453,"url":18,"identifiers":1454},"158 FERC ¶ 61,051: Utilization of Electric Storage Resources for Multiple Services When Receiving Cost-Based Rate Recovery (January 19, 2017).",{},{"id":18,"text":1456,"url":18,"identifiers":1457},"Ahlstrom M.: The power market fix we’ve been waiting for…. America’s Power Plan e-newsletter, April 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fmailchi.mp\u002F8b9fa493431c\u002Fthe-power-market-fix-weve-been-waiting-for (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1459,"url":18,"identifiers":1460},"Garcia E.: Shedd installs largest lithium-ion battery of any US aquarium or zoo. WTTW News, Science and Technology. June 9, 2016. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fnews.wttw.com\u002F2016\u002F06\u002F09\u002Fshedd-installs-largest-lithium-ionbattery-any-us-aquarium-or-zoo (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1462,"url":18,"identifiers":1463},"Palivos A., Brumit E., and Merza R.: Illinois Commerce Commission Looks at Energy Storage: Policy Session on the Future. Public Utilities Fortnightly, August 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fortnightly.com\u002Ffortnightly\u002F2018\u002F08\u002Fillinois-commerce-commission-looks-energy-storage?authkey=9360e66f0cb151f3b31e6efcd275260fe933e43faed773ba5a3c0008945d0113 (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1465,"url":18,"identifiers":1466},"ComEd Media Relations: ComEd approved to build one of t he first microgrid clusters in the nation (February 28, 2018). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.comed.com\u002FNews\u002FPages\u002FNewsReleases\u002F2018_02_28.aspx (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1468,"url":18,"identifiers":1469},"Ideal Energy Inc.: Iowa’s first solar and storage plant goes live at the Maharishi University of Management. CISION PR Newswire, January 8, 2019. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.prnewswire.com\u002Fnews-releases\u002Fiowas-first-solar-and-storage-power-plant-goes-live-at-the-maharishiuniversity-of-management-300774013.html (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1471,"url":18,"identifiers":1472},"Lillian B.: Large Scale Batter y Storage Project Launches at Western Michigan University. Solar Industry, September 18, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fsolarindustrymag.com\u002Flarge-scale-battery-storage-projectlaunches-at-western-michigan-university\u002F (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1474,"url":18,"identifiers":1475},"Walton R.: NEC energy storage systems completed for Michigan neighborhood. Power Eng. (February 1, 2019). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Farticles\u002F2019\u002F01\u002Fnec-energy-storage-systems-completedfor-michigan-neighborhood.html (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1477,"url":18,"identifiers":1478},"Uhlenhuth K.: Missouri utility looks to energy storage to extend life of substation. Energy News Network (April 27, 2018). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fenergynews.us\u002F2018\u002F04\u002F27\u002Fmidwest\u002Fmissouri-utility-looks-to-energystorage-to-extend-life-of-substation\u002F (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1480,"url":18,"identifiers":1481},"Trabish H.K.: Inside the first municipal solar plus storage project in the US. UtilityDive (July 5, 2016). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.utilitydive.com\u002Fnews\u002Finside-the-first-municipal-solar-plus-storage-project-in-the-us\u002F421470\u002F (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1483,"url":18,"identifiers":1484},"Froese M.: BP Installs Tesla Battery Storage at South Dakota Wind Farm. Windpower Engineering and Development (November 13, 2018). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.windpowerengineering.com\u002Felectrical\u002Fpower-storage\u002Fbp-installs-telsa-battery-storage-at-south-dakota-wind-farm\u002F (accessed February 14, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1486,"url":18,"identifiers":1487},"For video of presentations and presenter slides, see: Energy Transition Lab, UMN, “Midwest Energy Storage Summit Program.” ETL Blog. Available at: http:\u002F\u002Fenergytransition.umn.edu\u002Fmidwest-energy-storage-summitprogram\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1489,"url":18,"identifiers":1490},"Energy Transition Lab, UMN, “Midwest Energy Storage Summit Program”.",{},{"id":18,"text":1492,"url":18,"identifiers":1493},"B Lab website: Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fbcorporation.net\u002F.",{},{"id":18,"text":1495,"url":18,"identifiers":1496},"Walton R.: Tesla batteries save $500k for Green Mountain Power through hot-weather peak shaving. Utility Dive (July 23, 2018). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.utilitydive.com\u002Fnews\u002Ftesla-batteries-save-500k-for-greenmountain-power-through-hot-weather-pea\u002F528419\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1498,"url":18,"identifiers":1499},"As of October 2017, cost of electricity across all sectors was 14.44 cents per kWh (Vt.) and 10.51 cents per kWh (MN): EIA. Electric Power Monthly. (2018). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.eia.gov\u002Felectricity\u002Fmonthly\u002Fepm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_5_6_a (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1501,"url":18,"identifiers":1502},"Indianapolis Power & Light: The Challenges of Integrating Lithium Ion Energy Storage Res. with MISO Tariff, Business Practices, and Markets, 5 (July 26, 2017).",{},{"id":18,"text":1504,"url":18,"identifiers":1505},"Indianapolis Power & Light, 6.",{},{"id":18,"text":1507,"url":18,"identifiers":1508},"Indianapolis Power & Light, 4.",{},{"id":18,"text":1510,"url":18,"identifiers":1511},"158 FERC ¶ 61051: Utilization of Electric Storage Resources for Multiple Services When Receiving Cost-Based Rate Recovery, 11, (January 19, 2017). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ferc.gov\u002Fwhats-new\u002Fcommmeet\u002F2017\u002F011917\u002FE-2.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1513,"url":18,"identifiers":1514},"Energy Transition Lab, UMN, Strategen Consulting, and Vibrant Clean Energy: Modernizing Minnesota’s Grid: An Economic Analysis of Energy Storage Opportunities, July 2017. Available at: http:\u002F\u002Fenergytransition.umn.edu\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2017\u002F07\u002FWorkshop-Report-Final.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1516,"url":18,"identifiers":1517},"Minnesota’s Next Generation Energy Act, Minn. Stat. §216H.02.",{},{"id":18,"text":1519,"url":18,"identifiers":1520},"The Energy Transition Lab and Strategen Consulting collaborated in 2016–2017 to hold two high-level Energy Storage Workshops with utility, technology, and renewable energy company executives, state regulators, academic experts, and others to learn about storage and identify key opportunities and barriers in Minnesota.",{},{"id":18,"text":1522,"url":18,"identifiers":1523},"Comment by Dan Foley, Glidepath, in Minnesota House Energy and Climate Finance Division Committee Testimony, 2.7.19.",{},{"id":18,"text":1525,"url":18,"identifiers":1526},"Manghani R.: Will energy storage replace peaker plants? Greentech Media. March 1, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.greentechmedia.com\u002Fwebinars\u002Fwebinar\u002Fwill-energy-storage-replace-peaker-plants#gs.i4LCptM (accessed March 7, 2019)",{},{"id":18,"text":1528,"url":18,"identifiers":1529},"J. Rhodes: Energy Storage is Coming, But Big Price Declines Still Needed. Forbes, February 18, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.forbes.com\u002Fsites\u002Fjoshuarhodes\u002F2018\u002F02\u002F18\u002Fenergy-storage-coming-but-bigprice-declines-still-needed\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1531,"url":18,"identifiers":1532},"Connexus Energy blog: Connexus Energy’s Innovative solar-plus-storage project under construction, August 7, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.connexusenergy.com\u002Fblog\u002F2018\u002Fconnexus-energys-innovative-solar-plusstorage-project-under-construction\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1534,"url":18,"identifiers":1535},"Preliminary MISO January 30–31 maximum generation event Overview, February 7, 2019. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.misoenergy.org\u002F20190207%20 MSC%20Item%2004%20Jan%2030%20Max%20Gen%20Event317407.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1537,"url":18,"identifiers":1538},"Burandt B.: Is Energy Storage the Game Changer We’ve Been Looking for Presentation, Slide 8, Frontiers on the Environment, February 23, 2017. Lecture video available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=fb-GjxBxmHA (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1540,"url":18,"identifiers":1541},"Strategen Consulting, et al.: White Paper Analysis of Utility-Managed On-Site Energy Storage in Minnesota. Prepared for MN Dept of Commerce (December, 2013). Available at: http:\u002F\u002Fmn.gov\u002Fcommerce-stat\u002Fpdfs\u002Futility-managed-storge-study.pdf (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1543,"url":18,"identifiers":1544},"The filing was part of Xcel Energy’s 2015 Distribution-Grid-Modernization Report, as required by Minn. Stat. §216B.2425, subd. 2(e). See 2015 Biennial Report—Distribution Grid Modernization, Docket No. E-999\u002FM-15-439 (Oct. 30, 2015). Under Minn. Stat § 216B.2425, Xcel’s Distribution-Grid- Modernization Report must identify projects that: [Xcel] considers necessary to modernize its transmission and distribution systems by enhancing reliability, improving security against cyber and physical threats, and by increasing energy conservation opportunities by facilitating communication between the utility and its customers through the use of two-way meters, control technologies, energy storage and microgrids, technologies to enable demand response, and other innovative technologies. Minn. Stat. § 216B.2425, subd. 2(e). The Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (PUC) then has ultimate authority to approve or deny Xcel’s identified projects. Id. at subd. 3.",{},{"id":18,"text":1546,"url":18,"identifiers":1547},"Docket No. E-999\u002FM-15-439; Order Certifying Advanced Distributionmanagement System (ADMS) Project Under Minn. Stat. § 216b.2425 and Requiring Distribution Study, Docket No. E-002\u002FM-15-962, 5 (June 28, 2016). Docket No. E-999\u002FM-15-439.",{},{"id":18,"text":1549,"url":18,"identifiers":1550},"Docket No. E-999\u002FM-15-439.",{},{"id":18,"text":1549,"url":18,"identifiers":1552},{},{"id":18,"text":1554,"url":18,"identifiers":1555},"Docket No. E-999\u002FM-15-439, 11.",{},{"id":18,"text":1549,"url":18,"identifiers":1557},{},{"id":18,"text":1559,"url":18,"identifiers":1560},"Minnesota Senate. Senate File 100\u002FHouse File 165, 2019, Senate File 3266. Senate Authors: Osmek D.J., Marty J., Dibble D.S., and Senjem D.H. (2018). Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.revisor.mn.gov\u002Fbills\u002Fstatus_result.php?body=Senate&search=basic&session=0902017&location=Senate&bill=3266&bill_type=bill&rev_number=&submit_bill=GO&keyword_type=all&keyword=&keyword_field_text=1&author1%5B%5D=&author%5B%5D=&topic%5B%5D=&committee%5B%5D=&action%5B%5D=&titleword= (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1562,"url":18,"identifiers":1563},"Galbraith, Sarah: Resilient Solar + Storage at Nature Center Improves Community and Economic Security.",{},{"id":18,"text":1565,"url":18,"identifiers":1566},"Clean Energy Group: September 22, 2016, Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cleanegroup.org\u002Fhartley-nature-center\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019); Clean Energy Group: Hartley Nature Center. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cleanegroup.org\u002Fceg-projects\u002Fresilient-powerproject\u002Ffeatured-installations\u002Fhartley-nature-center\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1568,"url":18,"identifiers":1569},"Bade G.: 13 projects from the leading edge of the utility transformation (2018). Utility Dive, May 23, 2018. Available at: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.utilitydive.com\u002Fnews\u002F13-projects-from-the-leading-edge-of-the-utilitytransformation\u002F524099\u002F (accessed March 7, 2019).",{},{"id":18,"text":1571,"url":18,"identifiers":1572},"Li M., Smith T.M., Yang Y., and Wilson E.J.: Marginal emission factors considering renewables: A case study of the U.S. Midcontinent independent system operator (MISO) system. Environ. Sci. Technol. 51, 19 (2017): 11215–11223.",{},{"id":18,"text":1574,"url":18,"identifiers":1575},"Energy Transition Lab, Strategen Consulting, and Vibrant Clean Energy. Modernizing Minnesota’s Grid, 44.",{},{"id":18,"text":1577,"url":18,"identifiers":1578},"Energy Transition Lab, Strategen Consulting, and Vibrant Clean Energy. Modernizing Minnesota’s Grid, 46.",{},{"id":1580,"createTime":1581,"updateTime":1582,"relativeEntities":1583,"slug":1584,"properties":1585,"entityType":160,"verifyStatus":161,"verifyTime":1582,"verifyNote":163,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1594,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1595,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":1633,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":1691,"publishYear":628,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":18,"indexDatabases":1692,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":485},"27b4bb7f-2f1b-497a-b175-39ed5ddfd6d0","2024-01-27T20:27:17.932+00:00","2025-02-20T17:22:02.903+00:00",[],"Why-nonconventional-materials-are-answers-for-sustainable-agriculture",{"abstract":1586,"title":1588,"references":1590,"doi":1592},{"EN":1587},"The increase of agricultural production in a sustainable scenario depends on the development of new technologies to optimize the use of resources, especially fertilizers. Novel technologies in materials can provide means to the controlled release of inputs as well as to enable strategies for using poorly soluble sources. Modern agriculture is facing a productivity challenge due to the 9 billion people demands for the next 50 years. To that, the productivity increase requests improvements in input efficiency to fill economic requirements as well as reducing their environmental impacts. Several materials can be specially designed for an adequate release of these inputs (mainly fertilizers) including ion-exchange materials, coatings and high-adsorption capacity materials. Noteworthy materials are nanoparticulate fertilizers and nanocomposites, where their size and structure are useful to control the solubilization, and consequently, the nutrient availability for plants in a synchronized way, avoiding losses to environment. Therefore, this review aims to introduce a wide view of available and in-development technologies in materials for the best management of agricultural inputs, focused in the sustainable use of fertilizers and minimal environmental impact. These different strategies offer a portfolio of possible solutions for sustainable agriculture in the next years.",{"EN":1589},"Why nonconventional materials are answers for sustainable agriculture",{"VOID":1591},"Tilman D., Balzer C., Hill J., and Befort B.L.: Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 108(50), 20260–20264 (2011).\nBerndes G., Hoogwijk M., and van den Broek R.: The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: A review of 17 studies. Biomass Bioenergy 25(1), 1–28 (2003).\nUnited States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service: Food expenditure series (2018). 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                 \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                  \n                 This paper will highlight unique challenges and opportunities with regard to energy storage utilization in remote, self-sustaining communities. The energy management of such areas has unique concerns. Diesel generation is often the go-to power source in these scenarios, but these systems are not devoid of issues. Without dedicated maintenance crews as in large, interconnected network areas, minor interruptions can be frequent and invasive not only for those who lose power, but also for those in the community that must then correct any faults. Although the immediate financial benefits are perhaps not readily apparent, energy storage could be used to address concerns related to reliability, automation, fuel supply concerns, generator degradation, solar utilization, and, yes, fuel costs to name a few. These ideas are shown through a case study of the Levelock Village of Alaska. Currently, the community is faced with high diesel prices and a difficult supply chain, which makes temporary loss of power very common and reductions in fuel consumption very impactful. This study will investigate the benefits that an energy storage system could bring to the overall system life, fuel costs, and reliability of the power supply. The variable efficiency of the generators, impact of startup\u002Fshutdown process, and low-load operation concerns are considered. The technological benefits of the combined system will be explored for various scenarios of future diesel prices and technology maintenance\u002Freplacement costs as well as for the avoidance of power interruptions that are so common in the community currently. \n                  \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                  \n                 In several cases, energy storage can provide a means to promote energy equity by improving remote communities’ power supply reliability to levels closer to what the average urban consumer experiences at a reduced cost compared to transmission buildout. Furthermore, energy equity represents a hard-to-quantify benefit achieved by the integration of energy storage to isolated power systems of under-served communities, which suggests that the financial aspects of such projects should be questioned as the main performance criterion. To improve battery energy storage system valuation for diesel-based power systems, integration analysis must be holistic and go beyond fuel savings to capture every value stream possible.",{"EN":1703},"Integration of energy storage with diesel generation in remote communities",{"EN":1705},"",{"VOID":1707},"K. Kusakana, Optimisation of battery-integrated diesel generator hybrid systems using an ON\u002FOFF operating strategy. In International Conference on the Domestic Use of Energy (DUE), pp. 187–192 (2015). https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1109\u002FDUE.2015.7102980\nJ. Zhang, L. Huang, J. Shu, H. Wang, J. Ding, Energy management of PV-diesel-battery hybrid power system for island stand-alone micro-grid. 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