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This study monitored SNC disease in three Oregon Douglas‐fir plantations bi‐annually in 1998–1999, and compared differences in fungal colonization and symptom development in trees from north‐ and south‐facing plots at each plantation. Fungal colonization as quantified by ergosterol content, pseudothecia density and quantitative PCR was significantly correlated with symptom severity (needle retention and needle cholorosis). All three measures of fungal colonization were highly correlated with each other; and only the ergosterol–pseudothecia relationship differed between plots, presumably due to the non‐species specific nature of ergosterol measurements. Differences in symptom severity and fungal colonization between north‐ and south‐aspect plots were consistent with climate differences. At low to moderate levels of infection, trees growing on warmer (i.e. south slopes in the western, and north slopes in the eastern Coast Range) slopes had higher levels of colonization, particularly during the winter months. Plots with southern exposures, which received greater amounts of solar radiation, had greater amounts of needle abscission compared to north‐aspect plots with similar amounts of fungal colonization. As a result, greater fungal abundance and symptom expression developed on south‐aspect slopes within the Oregon Coast Range.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Sự gia tăng mức độ nghiêm trọng của bệnh Swiss needle cast (SNC), một bệnh lá của cây Douglas-fir do nấm \u003Cjats:italic>Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> gây ra, đã trở thành vấn đề đáng lo ngại trong các kế hoạch rừng ở vùng ven biển Oregon và Washington. Nghiên cứu này đã theo dõi bệnh SNC ở ba kế hoạch Douglas-fir tại Oregon định kỳ hai năm một lần trong giai đoạn 1998-1999, và so sánh sự khác biệt về sự thuộc địa của nấm và sự phát triển triệu chứng ở các cây từ các ô hướng bắc và nam trong mỗi kế hoạch. Sự thuộc địa của nấm được định lượng bằng hàm lượng ergosterol, mật độ pseudothecia và phương pháp PCR định lượng có mối tương quan đáng kể với mức độ triệu chứng (giữ lá và lá chuyển màu). Cả ba biện pháp về sự thuộc địa của nấm đều có mối tương quan cao với nhau; và chỉ có mối quan hệ giữa ergosterol và pseudothecia khác nhau giữa các ô, có lẽ do tính chất không đặc thù của việc đo lường ergosterol. Những khác biệt về mức độ triệu chứng và sự thuộc địa của nấm giữa các ô có hướng bắc và nam nhất quán với sự khác biệt khí hậu. Ở mức độ nhiễm thấp đến vừa phải, những cây mọc trên các sườn dốc ấm hơn (tức là sườn nam ở phía tây và sườn bắc ở phía đông dãy Coast Range) có mức độ thuộc địa cao hơn, đặc biệt là trong những tháng mùa đông. Các ô có hướng nam, nơi nhận được nhiều bức xạ mặt trời hơn, có mức độ rụng lá cao hơn so với các ô hướng bắc có mức độ thuộc địa của nấm tương tự. Do đó, sự phong phú của nấm và sự biểu hiện triệu chứng cao hơn đã phát triển trên các sườn dốc hướng nam trong dãy Coast Range Oregon.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":149,"VI":150},"Assessment of Swiss Needle Cast Disease: Temporal and Spatial Investigations of Fungal Colonization and Symptom Severity","Đánh giá bệnh Swiss Needle Cast: Các nghiên cứu tạm thời và không gian về sự thuộc địa của nấm và mức độ triệu chứng",{"VI":152},"",{"VOID":154},"10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2003.00730.x","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","Auto Verify",[159],"EN",[161],"VI","https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2003.00730.x",[164,183,198,213],{"id":165,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":166,"affiliations":167,"properties":176,"displayName":180,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"9c41558a-175c-46e8-aafe-b54e4721d55a",[],[168],{"id":169,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":170,"properties":24},"f0a7fb4e-339b-4dc4-be0b-e06bcee66661",{"id":169,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":171,"slug":24,"properties":172,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":175,"statistic":24},[],{"title":173},{"EN":174},"Authors' addresses: )",[],{"orcid":177,"title":179,"openalex":181},{"VOID":178},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-7729-7197",{"EN":180},"Daniel K. 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Conidia of \u003Cjats:italic>P. oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> can be dried by fluid bed drying and freeze drying maintaining 100% viability after both processes, but protective additives must be added for obtaining this viability in the case of freeze drying. The best viabilities were obtained after freeze drying with non‐fat skim milk (NFSM) + Tween 20, NFSM + peptone and NFSM + sucrose. However, NFSM + glycerol had only a 0.5% viability after freeze drying. Freeze‐dried \u003Cjats:italic>P. oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> conidia with or without additives did not maintain viability over time at room temperature, while conidia dried in a fluidized bed drier had a 40–50% viability after 180 days of storage in these conditions. \u003Cjats:italic>Penicillium oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> conidial viability after spray‐drying was lower than 20%. \u003Cjats:italic>Penicillium oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> conidia dried by fluid bed drying were effective in reducing the incidence of \u003Cjats:italic>Fusarium\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> wilt of tomato under glasshouse and field conditions.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Ảnh hưởng của các phương pháp sấy đông khô, sấy phun, và sấy bằng giường khí tới khả năng sống sót của bào tử \u003Cjats:italic>Penicillium oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã được so sánh. Bào tử của \u003Cjats:italic>P. oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> có thể được sấy bằng phương pháp sấy bằng giường khí và sấy đông khô vẫn duy trì 100% khả năng sống sót sau cả hai quá trình, nhưng phải bổ sung các chất phụ gia để đạt được khả năng sống sót này trong trường hợp sấy đông khô. Khả năng sống sót tốt nhất đạt được sau khi sấy đông khô với sữa skim không béo (NFSM) + Tween 20, NFSM + pepton và NFSM + sucrose. Tuy nhiên, NFSM + glycerol chỉ có 0.5% khả năng sống sót sau khi sấy đông khô. Bào tử đã được sấy đông khô của \u003Cjats:italic>P. oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> có hoặc không có phụ gia không duy trì được khả năng sống sót theo thời gian ở nhiệt độ phòng, trong khi bào tử được sấy trong máy sấy giường khí có khả năng sống sót từ 40-50% sau 180 ngày lưu trữ trong các điều kiện này. Khả năng sống sót của bào tử \u003Cjats:italic>Penicillium oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> sau khi sấy phun thấp hơn 20%. Bào tử \u003Cjats:italic>Penicillium oxalicum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> được sấy bằng giường khí đã chứng minh hiệu quả trong việc giảm thiểu tỷ lệ mắc bệnh héo do \u003Cjats:italic>Fusarium\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> ở cà chua trong điều kiện nhà kính và ngoài đồng.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":358,"VI":359},"Drying of Conidia of \u003Ci>Penicillium oxalicum\u003C\u002Fi>, a Biological Control Agent against \u003Ci>Fusarium\u003C\u002Fi> Wilt of Tomato","Sấy Dried thí nghiệm bào tử của \u003Ci>Penicillium oxalicum\u003C\u002Fi>, một tác nhân kiểm soát sinh học chống lại bệnh héo do \u003Ci>Fusarium\u003C\u002Fi> ở cà chua",{"VI":152},{"VOID":362},"10.1046\u002Fj.0931-1785.2003.00772.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.0931-1785.2003.00772.x",[367,386,403],{"id":368,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":369,"affiliations":370,"properties":379,"displayName":383,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"c2cdfd86-a26f-4d08-9295-1647787851cf",[],[371],{"id":372,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":373,"properties":24},"16291bac-4e53-4366-91c7-844b96ddd243",{"id":372,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":374,"slug":24,"properties":375,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":378,"statistic":24},[],{"title":376},{"EN":377},"Authors’ address: Department of Plant Protection, INIA, Carretera de La Coruña km 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain (correspondence to Dr P. Melgarejo. E‐mail: melgar@inia.es)",[],{"orcid":380,"title":382,"openalex":384},{"VOID":381},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-8424-8916",{"EN":383},"Inmaculada Larena",{"VOID":385},"A5030940233",{"id":387,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":388,"affiliations":389,"properties":396,"displayName":400,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"9e19c87c-ae9f-4480-bf7f-6b0134a22b3d",[],[390],{"id":372,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":391,"properties":24},{"id":372,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":392,"slug":24,"properties":393,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":395,"statistic":24},[],{"title":394},{"EN":377},[],{"orcid":397,"title":399,"openalex":401},{"VOID":398},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-3698-8896",{"EN":400},"P. 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P., 1964, Preservation of lactic cultures, J. Dairy Sci., 47, 674",{},{"id":24,"text":495,"url":24,"identifiers":496},"Beckman C. H., 1987, The Nature of Wilt Diseases of Plants",{},{"id":24,"text":498,"url":24,"identifiers":499},"10.1007\u002FBFb0004428",{"doi":498},{"id":24,"text":501,"url":24,"identifiers":502},"Beudeker R. F., 1989, Yeast. Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, 103",{},{"id":24,"text":504,"url":24,"identifiers":505},"Brayford D., 1992, IMI description of fungi and bacteria no. 1117. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Mycopathology, 111, 51",{},{"id":24,"text":507,"url":24,"identifiers":508},"10.1016\u002F0167-8809(94)90018-3",{"doi":507},{"id":24,"text":510,"url":24,"identifiers":511},"Burgess H. D., 1998, Formulation of Microbial Pesticides. Beneficial Microorganisms, Nematodes and Seed Treatments, 311, 10.1007\u002F978-94-011-4926-6_10",{"doi":512},"10.1007\u002F978-94-011-4926-6_10",{"id":24,"text":514,"url":24,"identifiers":515},"Campbell C. L., 1990, Introduction to Plant Disease Epidemiology",{},{"id":24,"text":517,"url":24,"identifiers":518},"10.3168\u002Fjds.S0022-0302(90)79065-0",{"doi":517},{"id":24,"text":520,"url":24,"identifiers":521},"10.1016\u002FS0315-5463(91)70034-5",{"doi":520},{"id":24,"text":523,"url":24,"identifiers":524},"Clegg J. S., 1986, Membranes, Metabolism and Dry Organisms, 169",{},{"id":24,"text":526,"url":24,"identifiers":527},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2672.2000.01182.x",{"doi":526},{"id":24,"text":529,"url":24,"identifiers":530},"Costa E., 2001, Survival of Pantoea agglomerans strain CPA‐2 in spray‐drying process, J. Food Prot., 65, 185, 10.4315\u002F0362-028X-65.1.185",{"doi":531},"10.4315\u002F0362-028X-65.1.185",{"id":24,"text":533,"url":24,"identifiers":534},"De Cal A., 1988, Antifungal substances produced by penicillium frequeutans and their relationship to the biocontrol of, Monilinia laxa., 78, 888",{},{"id":24,"text":536,"url":24,"identifiers":537},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3059.1995.tb02750.x",{"doi":536},{"id":24,"text":539,"url":24,"identifiers":540},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-3059.1997.d01-204.x",{"doi":539},{"id":24,"text":542,"url":24,"identifiers":543},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1997.tb00391.x",{"doi":542},{"id":24,"text":545,"url":24,"identifiers":546},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-3059.1999.00324.x",{"doi":545},{"id":24,"text":548,"url":24,"identifiers":549},"10.1094\u002FPHYTO.2000.90.3.260",{"doi":548},{"id":24,"text":551,"url":24,"identifiers":552},"Domsch K. H., 1980, Compendium of Soil Fungi",{},{"id":24,"text":554,"url":24,"identifiers":555},"10.1016\u002F0011-2240(83)90044-5",{"doi":554},{"id":24,"text":557,"url":24,"identifiers":558},"10.1007\u002FBF00368760",{"doi":557},{"id":24,"text":560,"url":24,"identifiers":561},"10.1016\u002FS0261-2194(97)00048-3",{"doi":560},{"id":24,"text":563,"url":24,"identifiers":564},"10.1017\u002FCBO9780511525421",{"doi":563},{"id":24,"text":566,"url":24,"identifiers":567},"10.1094\u002FPHYTO.2002.92.8.863",{"doi":566},{"id":24,"text":569,"url":24,"identifiers":570},"10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2003.00762.x",{"doi":569},{"id":24,"text":572,"url":24,"identifiers":573},"Lievense L. C., 1994, Convective drying of bacteria. II. Factors influencing survival, Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol., 51, 72",{},{"id":24,"text":575,"url":24,"identifiers":576},"10.1128\u002Faem.50.1.108-114.1985",{"doi":575},{"id":24,"text":578,"url":24,"identifiers":579},"Pineau R.(1976):Etude sur les Tracheomycoses de la Tomate au Maroc. PhD thesis Université Nancy I Nancy.",{},{"id":24,"text":581,"url":24,"identifiers":582},"Reed G., 1991, Yeast Technology",{},{"id":584,"createTime":585,"updateTime":586,"relativeEntities":587,"slug":588,"properties":589,"entityType":155,"verifyStatus":156,"verifyTime":585,"verifyNote":157,"languages":603,"translateLanguages":604,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":605,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":606,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":753,"citationCount":124,"citationInfo":816,"publishDate":819,"publishYear":817,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":820,"openAccess":24,"references":821,"isForceReanalyzing":342},"cf4d4b74-9021-4b4b-8dd8-7479f02e4492","2024-10-02T05:28:36.233+00:00","2025-02-17T16:02:11.109+00:00",[],"Antifungal-Activity-of-a-Bowman-Birk-type-Trypsin-Inhibitor-from-Wheat-Kernel",{"openalex":590,"mag":592,"abstract":594,"title":597,"keywords":600,"doi":601},{"VOID":591},"W2092726102",{"VOID":593},"2092726102",{"EN":595,"VI":596},"\u003Cjats:p>A trypsin inhibitor from wheat kernel (WTI) was found to have a strong antifungal activity against a number of pathogenic fungi and to inhibit fungal trypsin‐like activity. WTI inhibited \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> spore germination and hyphal growth of pathogens, with protein concentration required for 50% growth inhibition (IC\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>) values ranging from 111.7 to above 500 μg\u002Fml. As observed by electron microscopy, WTI determined morphological alterations represented by hyphal growth inhibition and branching. One of the fungal species tested, \u003Cjats:italic>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> produced a trypsin‐like protease, which was inhibited by the trypsin inhibitor. WTI, as well as other seed defence proteins, appear to be an important resistance factor in wheat kernels during rest and early germination when plants are particularly exposed to attack by potential soil‐borne pathogens.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:p>Chất ức chế trypsin từ hạt lúa mạch (WTI) được phát hiện có hoạt tính chống nấm mạnh đối với một số loại nấm gây bệnh và ức chế hoạt động men trypsin‐giống của nấm. WTI ức chế \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> sự nảy mầm bào tử và sự phát triển sợi của các mầm bệnh, với nồng độ protein cần thiết để ức chế 50% sự phát triển (IC\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>) dao động từ 111,7 đến trên 500 μg\u002Fml. Như được quan sát bởi kính hiển vi điện tử, WTI đã tạo ra các thay đổi hình thái thể hiện bằng sự ức chế phát triển sợi và nhánh. Một trong các loài nấm được thử nghiệm, \u003Cjats:italic>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, đã sản xuất một protease giống như trypsin, và đã bị ức chế bởi chất ức chế trypsin. WTI, cũng như các protein phòng thủ hạt khác, có vẻ là một yếu tố kháng quan trọng trong các hạt lúa mạch trong thời kỳ nghỉ và nảy mầm sớm khi thực vật đặc biệt dễ bị tấn công bởi các mầm bệnh tiềm tàng từ đất.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":598,"VI":599},"Antifungal Activity of a Bowman–Birk‐type Trypsin Inhibitor from Wheat Kernel","Hoạt Động Chống Nấm Của Một Chất Ức Chế Trypsin Kiểu Bowman–Birk Từ Hạt Lúa Mạch",{"VI":152},{"VOID":602},"10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2000.00527.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2000.00527.x",[607,624,641,658,675,692,707,722,738],{"id":608,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":609,"affiliations":610,"properties":617,"displayName":621,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"6d4630f4-8366-4b28-ab22-cf60bbc2af4f",[],[611],{"id":169,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":612,"properties":24},{"id":169,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":613,"slug":24,"properties":614,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":616,"statistic":24},[],{"title":615},{"EN":174},[],{"orcid":618,"title":620,"openalex":622},{"VOID":619},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-8525-9980",{"EN":621},"G. 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Lebensm. Unters.-Forsch., 155, 100, 10.1007\u002FBF01460342",{"doi":906},"10.1007\u002FBF01460342",{"id":24,"text":908,"url":24,"identifiers":909},"10.1104\u002Fpp.103.4.1311",{"doi":908},{"id":24,"text":911,"url":24,"identifiers":912},"10.1007\u002FBF00197797",{"doi":911},{"id":914,"createTime":915,"updateTime":916,"relativeEntities":917,"slug":918,"properties":919,"entityType":155,"verifyStatus":156,"verifyTime":915,"verifyNote":157,"languages":933,"translateLanguages":934,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":935,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":936,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":954,"citationCount":120,"citationInfo":1017,"publishDate":1020,"publishYear":1018,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":1021,"openAccess":24,"references":1022,"isForceReanalyzing":342},"96461102-9ece-4893-af15-65089e4e4695","2024-09-24T21:13:54.075+00:00","2025-02-17T16:01:13.036+00:00",[],"The-Susceptibility-of-Monocotyledons-to-Agrobacterium-tumefaciens",{"openalex":920,"mag":922,"abstract":924,"title":927,"keywords":930,"doi":931},{"VOID":921},"W2168012681",{"VOID":923},"2168012681",{"EN":925,"VI":926},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>The susceptibility of 257 monocotyledon species belonging to 139 genera and 27 families, has been tested and the literature on this subject reviewed. In contrast with dicotyledons and gymnosperms, monocotyledons are much less susceptible to \u003Cjats:italic>Agrobacterium tumefaciens\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>: only 3 % of the species of monocotyledons tested were host plants, whereas 60 % of the dicotyledons and gymnosperms were susceptible. Only the closely related monocotyledon orders \u003Cjats:italic>Liliales\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (6 families) and Arales (1 family) contained species that were susceptible. These results are consistent with a proposed taxonomic relationship between the Liliales and the dicotyledons. A correlation between host biochemical capabilities and susceptibility to crown gall is suggested.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Độ nhạy cảm của 257 loài một lá mầm thuộc 139 chi và 27 họ đã được thử nghiệm và tài liệu về chủ đề này đã được xem xét. So với các loài hai lá mầm và thực vật hạt trần, các loài một lá mầm có độ nhạy cảm thấp hơn nhiều đối với \u003Cjats:italic>Agrobacterium tumefaciens\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>: chỉ có 3% các loài một lá mầm được thử nghiệm là cây ký chủ, trong khi đó 60% các loài hai lá mầm và thực vật hạt trần có độ nhạy cảm cao. Chỉ có các ngành một lá mầm có mối quan hệ gần gũi là \u003Cjats:italic>Liliales\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (6 họ) và Arales (1 họ) chứa các loài nhạy cảm. Những kết quả này nhất quán với mối quan hệ hệ thống học được đề xuất giữa các loài \u003Cjats:italic>Liliales\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> và các loài hai lá mầm. Một mối tương quan giữa khả năng sinh hóa của cây ký chủ và độ nhạy cảm với khối u vương miện được gợi ý.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":928,"VI":929},"The Susceptibility of Monocotyledons to Agrobacterium tumefaciens","Độ nhạy cảm của các loài một lá mầm đối với Agrobacterium tumefaciens",{"VI":152},{"VOID":932},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1985.tb00829.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1985.tb00829.x",[937],{"id":938,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":939,"affiliations":940,"properties":949,"displayName":951,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"3d126e94-70e1-4c1a-9f19-1b63a6d44f42",[],[941],{"id":942,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":943,"properties":24},"c8ec1613-5623-4966-b89a-b4a9a8d6255c",{"id":942,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":944,"slug":24,"properties":945,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":948,"statistic":24},[],{"title":946},{"EN":947},"Laboratorium voor Microbiologie en microbiële Genetica, Laboratorium voor Plantenfysiologie, Rijksuniversiteit te Gent, België",[],{"title":950,"openalex":952},{"EN":951},"Marcel De Cleene",{"VOID":953},"A5019146226",{"url":24,"publisher":955,"properties":1010},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":956,"slug":10,"properties":957,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":23,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"subjectFields":962,"manageAffiliations":979,"indexDatabases":990,"url":104,"thumbnailPath":24,"statistic":1005,"gsStatistic":24,"type":24,"analyzePriority":24},[],{"country":958,"eissn":959,"issn":960,"title":961},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"VOID":17},{"EN":19},[963,967,971,975],{"id":28,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":964,"label":965,"description":966,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":31},{},{"id":34,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":968,"label":969,"description":970,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":37},{},{"id":40,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":972,"label":973,"description":974,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":43},{},{"id":46,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":976,"label":977,"description":978,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":49},{},[980,985],{"id":53,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":981,"slug":24,"properties":982,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":984,"statistic":24},[],{"title":983},{"EN":57},[],{"id":60,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":986,"slug":24,"properties":987,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":989,"statistic":24},[],{"title":988},{"EN":64},[],[991,998],{"id":68,"indexDatabase":992,"url":79,"indexYears":80,"academicFieldIds":997,"indexDatabaseRanking":86},{"id":70,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":993,"label":994,"description":995,"key":76,"publicationTags":996,"standard":24},[],{"EN":73,"VI":73},{"EN":73,"VI":75},[78],[82,83,84,85],{"id":88,"indexDatabase":999,"url":101,"indexYears":24,"academicFieldIds":1004,"indexDatabaseRanking":24},{"id":90,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1000,"label":1001,"description":1002,"key":97,"publicationTags":1003,"standard":24},[],{"EN":93,"VI":93},{"EN":95,"VI":96},[99,100],[103],{"impactFactor":25,"impactFactorByYear":1006,"i10Index":107,"i10IndexLast5Year":25,"totalPublication":108,"totalPublicationByYear":1007,"totalCitation":112,"totalCitationByYear":1008,"totalCitationPerPublication":127,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1009,"hindexLast5Year":129,"hindex":129},{},{"1964":110,"1966":110,"1968":110,"1979":110,"1980":110,"1982":110,"1984":110,"1985":110,"1986":110,"1995":110,"1999":110,"2000":110,"2003":110,"2008":111},{"1964":114,"1966":115,"1968":116,"1979":117,"1980":107,"1982":118,"1984":119,"1985":120,"1986":121,"1995":122,"1999":123,"2000":124,"2003":125,"2008":126},{"1964":114,"1966":115,"1968":116,"1979":117,"1980":107,"1982":118,"1984":119,"1985":120,"1986":121,"1995":122,"1999":123,"2000":124,"2003":125,"2008":124},{"issue":1011,"pages":1013,"volume":1015},{"VOID":1012},"1",{"VOID":1014},"81-89",{"VOID":1016},"113",{"total":120,"publishYear":1018,"statisticByYear":1019},1985,{"2012":121,"2013":111,"2015":298,"2016":121,"2019":110,"2020":111,"2021":121},"1985-05-01",[86,99],[1023,1026,1029,1032,1035,1038,1041,1044,1047,1050,1053,1056,1059,1062,1065,1068,1071,1074,1077,1080,1083,1086,1089,1092,1095,1098,1101,1104,1107,1110,1113,1116,1119,1122,1125,1128,1131,1134,1137],{"id":24,"text":1024,"url":24,"identifiers":1025},"Amormino G., 1927, Richerche sull'azione del Bacterium tumefaciens negli animali, Boll. D. Soc. di Biol. Sper., 2",{},{"id":24,"text":1027,"url":24,"identifiers":1028},"Anonymous, 1976, The Staff of the University of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium",{},{"id":24,"text":1030,"url":24,"identifiers":1031},"Braun A. C., 1958, Morphology and physiology of plant tumors. Protoplasmatologia X, Pathologie des protoplasmas, 5, 1",{},{"id":24,"text":1033,"url":24,"identifiers":1034},"Brown N. A., 1937, Crown gall of the fasciated type on Asparagus sprengeri, Plant Disease Reporter, 21, 31",{},{"id":24,"text":1036,"url":24,"identifiers":1037},"10.1038\u002F2141029a0",{"doi":1036},{"id":24,"text":1039,"url":24,"identifiers":1040},"Chamberlain C. J., 1935, Methods in plant histology",{},{"id":24,"text":1042,"url":24,"identifiers":1043},"10.1139\u002Fcjr50c-015",{"doi":1042},{"id":24,"text":1045,"url":24,"identifiers":1046},"DeCleene M. 1975:Bijdragen tot de waardplanten de inductie en de karyologie van crown gall.Doctoral thesis Rijksuniversiteit Gent (Belgium).",{},{"id":24,"text":1048,"url":24,"identifiers":1049},"Cleene M., 1973, Het voorkomen van Agrobacterium kanker (crown gall) bij economisch belangrijke plantegeslachten, De Belg. Tuinbouw, 54, 196",{},{"id":24,"text":1051,"url":24,"identifiers":1052},"10.1007\u002FBF02860827",{"doi":1051},{"id":24,"text":1054,"url":24,"identifiers":1055},"10.1007\u002FBF02868853",{"doi":1054},{"id":24,"text":1057,"url":24,"identifiers":1058},"Ley J., 1972, Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Pl. Path. Bacteria, 251",{},{"id":24,"text":1060,"url":24,"identifiers":1061},"Elliott C., 1930, Manual of bacterial plant pathogens",{},{"id":24,"text":1063,"url":24,"identifiers":1064},"Englfr A., 1964, H. Melchior und E. Werdermann",{},{"id":24,"text":1066,"url":24,"identifiers":1067},"Gadgil V. N., 1961, Studies on crown gall tumour. I Host susceptibility of the causal organism, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, strain B‐23, Trans. Bose Res. Inst., 24, 141",{},{"id":24,"text":1069,"url":24,"identifiers":1070},"Gal L, 1963, Über die Wirkung von Monokotyledonen‐Extrakten auf Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Zentralbl. Bakt., 116, 246",{},{"id":24,"text":1072,"url":24,"identifiers":1073},"10.1007\u002FBF01185602",{"doi":1072},{"id":24,"text":1075,"url":24,"identifiers":1076},"10.1002\u002Fj.1460-2075.1984.tb02254.x",{"doi":1075},{"id":24,"text":1078,"url":24,"identifiers":1079},"Hoerner G. R., 1945, Crown gall of hops, Plant Disease Reporter, 29, 98",{},{"id":24,"text":1081,"url":24,"identifiers":1082},"INDEX KEWENSIS",{},{"id":24,"text":1084,"url":24,"identifiers":1085},"Jakowsra S., 1949, Effects of Bacterium tumefaciens on Allium cepa, Phytopathology, 39, 683",{},{"id":24,"text":1087,"url":24,"identifiers":1088},"Johansen D. A., 1940, Plant microtechniques",{},{"id":24,"text":1090,"url":24,"identifiers":1091},"10.1086\u002F400904",{"doi":1090},{"id":24,"text":1093,"url":24,"identifiers":1094},"Kupila S., 1963, Crown gall as an anatomical and cytological problem, a review. Cancer Res., 23, 497",{},{"id":24,"text":1096,"url":24,"identifiers":1097},"10.1016\u002FB978-1-4831-9954-2.50006-9",{"doi":1096},{"id":24,"text":1099,"url":24,"identifiers":1100},"Lopatin M. I., 1936, The susceptibility of plants to Bacterium tumefaciens, the causative agent of the root‐cancer of plants, Mikrobiologia (Moskwa, 5, 716",{},{"id":24,"text":1102,"url":24,"identifiers":1103},"McLean R. C., 1962, Textbook of theoretical Botany",{},{"id":24,"text":1105,"url":24,"identifiers":1106},"Montemartini L., 1938, II. Bacterium tumefaciens, Boll. Ist. Sieroter. Milanese, 17, 551",{},{"id":24,"text":1108,"url":24,"identifiers":1109},"10.2307\u002F2437836",{"doi":1108},{"id":24,"text":1111,"url":24,"identifiers":1112},"10.1038\u002Fnbt0483-175",{"doi":1111},{"id":24,"text":1114,"url":24,"identifiers":1115},"Smith E. F., 1911, Crown gall of plants: its cause and remedy. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bur, Plant Industr. Bull., 213, 13",{},{"id":24,"text":1117,"url":24,"identifiers":1118},"Smith E. F., 1926, A Begonia immune to crown gall: with observations on other immune or semi‐immune plants, Phytopathology, 16, 491",{},{"id":24,"text":1120,"url":24,"identifiers":1121},"Stapp C., 1938, Der Pflanzenkrebs und sein Erreger Pseudomonas tumefaciens. VI. Asparagus sprengeri Rgl. und Phaseolus vulgaris L. als Wirtspflanzen, Zentralbl. Bakt., Abt, 116",{},{"id":24,"text":1123,"url":24,"identifiers":1124},"Strauss J., 1954, Maize endosperm tissue grown in vitro, Amer. J. Bot., 41, 487",{},{"id":24,"text":1126,"url":24,"identifiers":1127},"Takhtajan A., 1969, Origin and dispersal",{},{"id":24,"text":1129,"url":24,"identifiers":1130},"10.1007\u002FBF02861558",{"doi":1129},{"id":24,"text":1132,"url":24,"identifiers":1133},"10.2307\u002F2440606",{"doi":1132},{"id":24,"text":1135,"url":24,"identifiers":1136},"10.1038\u002F2121472a0",{"doi":1135},{"id":24,"text":1138,"url":24,"identifiers":1139},"Zander R., 1979, Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen",{},{"id":1141,"createTime":1142,"updateTime":1143,"relativeEntities":1144,"slug":1145,"properties":1146,"entityType":155,"verifyStatus":156,"verifyTime":1142,"verifyNote":157,"languages":1160,"translateLanguages":1161,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":1162,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":1163,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":1221,"citationCount":1284,"citationInfo":1285,"publishDate":1288,"publishYear":1286,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":1289,"openAccess":24,"references":1290,"isForceReanalyzing":342},"6e18daf3-826a-470a-8f17-2b56acbe555d","2024-09-26T22:42:49.332+00:00","2025-02-17T16:00:15.959+00:00",[],"Population-Genetics-of-Three-Important-Head-Blight-Pathogens-i-Fusarium-graminearum-F-pseudograminearum-i-and-i-F-culmorum-i-",{"openalex":1147,"mag":1149,"abstract":1151,"title":1154,"keywords":1157,"doi":1158},{"VOID":1148},"W2014187029",{"VOID":1150},"2014187029",{"EN":1152,"VI":1153},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Homothallic \u003Cjats:italic>Fusarium graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (teleomorph \u003Cjats:italic>Gibberella zeae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>) and anamorphic \u003Cjats:italic>F. culmorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> are destructive pathogens causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) of small‐grain cereals worldwide, while heterothallic \u003Cjats:italic>F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (\u003Cjats:italic>G. coronicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>) seems to be restricted to Australia as a FHB pathogen. In a comprehensive treatise of pathogen population genetics, this review summarizes global knowledge of genetic diversity among isolates sampled at various spatial and temporal scales, examines the mechanisms that generate this diversity and explores the implications of pathogen diversity and plasticity to resistance breeding. Despite their different modes of reproduction, there is large variation among isolates of all three species originating from different countries and continents. With a few exceptions, haplotype diversity ranges from 60 to 100% even within populations from individual fields. In \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, over 90% of the variation is found within populations, even when samples are collected from areas as small as 0.25 m\u003Cjats:sup>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>. Variation among populations is low (4–8%) with negligible population subdivision. This indicates a high level of gene flow (\u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>\u003Cjats:sub>m\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> = 8–71) with linkage equilibrium for the majority of selectively neutral molecular marker loci analysed. These findings for \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> point to large random mating populations driven by occasional outcrossing, high gene flow across large geographical distances and a relatively low host‐mediated directional selection. Similar conclusions can be drawn for the Canadian population of \u003Cjats:italic>F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, but not for populations from Australia, where different pathogen ecology may have reduced the frequency of sexual recombination. Phylogenetic analyses indicate delineation of lineages in \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, often along geographically separated lines, while the related \u003Cjats:italic>F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> is a single recombining species with limited or no lineage development. The anamorphic \u003Cjats:italic>F. culmorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> shows no obvious clonal structure in its population as might have been expected. High levels of diversity within fields may have been caused by balancing selection from frequent alternation between saprophytic and parasitical life cycle and\u002For a hidden or recently extinct teleomorph. Other mechanisms including parasexual cycles or active transposable elements may also be involved but these have not been investigated as yet. Crosses between and among \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> lineages have shown a rather simple, additive inheritance of pathogenicity and aggressiveness with frequent transgressive segregation in crosses among isolates with moderate aggressiveness. This raises the spectre of highly aggressive and\u002For toxigenic isolates evolving if a limited range of quantitative trait locus for FHB resistance is deployed on a large scale. Combining more than one genetically distinct sources of resistance, possibly with different modes of action against the pathogen, will be necessary to avoid severe FHB outbreaks in the future.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Homothallic \u003Cjats:italic>Fusarium graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (teleomorph \u003Cjats:italic>Gibberella zeae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>) và anamorphic \u003Cjats:italic>F. culmorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> là những tác nhân gây hại phá hoại gây ra bệnh phấn đầu Fusarium (FHB) trên các loại ngũ cốc nhỏ trên toàn cầu, trong khi \u003Cjats:italic>F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> (jats:italic>G. coronicola\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>) có lẽ chỉ giới hạn ở Australia như là một tác nhân gây bệnh FHB. Trong một bài tổng quan toàn diện về di truyền quần thể của các tác nhân gây bệnh, bài viết này tóm tắt kiến thức toàn cầu về sự đa dạng di truyền giữa các mẫu được lấy ở nhiều quy mô không gian và thời gian khác nhau, xem xét các cơ chế tạo ra sự đa dạng này và khám phá ý nghĩa của sự đa dạng và tính linh hoạt của các tác nhân gây bệnh đối với việc chọn giống kháng bệnh. Mặc dù có các cách sinh sản khác nhau, vẫn có sự khác biệt lớn giữa các mẫu của cả ba loài xuất phát từ các quốc gia và châu lục khác nhau. Với một số ngoại lệ, độ đa dạng haplotype dao động từ 60 đến 100% ngay cả trong các quần thể từ những cánh đồng riêng lẻ. Trong \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, hơn 90% sự biến đổi được tìm thấy trong các quần thể, ngay cả khi các mẫu được thu thập từ các khu vực nhỏ tới 0.25 m\u003Cjats:sup>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>. Sự biến đổi giữa các quần thể là thấp (4–8%) với sự phân loại quần thể không đáng kể. Điều này cho thấy một mức độ lưu thông gen cao (\u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>\u003Cjats:sub>m\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> = 8–71) với trạng thái cân bằng liên kết cho phần lớn các loci đánh dấu phân tử trung lập đã phân tích. Những phát hiện này cho \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> chỉ ra các quần thể giao phối ngẫu nhiên lớn được thúc đẩy bởi sự giao phối ngẫu nhiên, lưu thông gen cao qua các khoảng cách địa lý lớn và áp lực chọn lọc hướng vào chủ thể thấp tương đối. Những kết luận tương tự có thể được rút ra cho quần thể Canada của \u003Cjats:italic>F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, nhưng không cho các quần thể từ Australia, nơi sinh thái tác nhân gây bệnh khác nhau có thể đã giảm tần suất tái tổ hợp giới tính. Phân tích phả hệ cho thấy đường phân định các nhánh trong \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, thường theo các đường địa lý tách biệt, trong khi \u003Cjats:italic>F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> là một loài tái tổ hợp duy nhất với sự phát triển nhánh hạn chế hoặc không có. Anamorphic \u003Cjats:italic>F. culmorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> không có cấu trúc vô tính rõ ràng trong quần thể như có thể đã được mong đợi. Mức độ đa dạng cao trong các cánh đồng có thể được gây ra bởi sự chọn lọc cân bằng từ việc thay đổi thường xuyên giữa chu kỳ sống saprophytic và ký sinh và\u002Fhoặc một teleomorph ẩn hoặc gần như tuyệt chủng gần đây. Các cơ chế khác bao gồm chu kỳ parasexual hoặc các yếu tố di chuyển chủ động cũng có thể liên quan nhưng chưa được điều tra. Các phép giao phối giữa và trong các nhánh \u003Cjats:italic>F. graminearum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã cho thấy một di truyền khá đơn giản, bổ sung về độc lực và tính xâm lấn với sự phân tách vượt qua thường xuyên trong các phép giao phối giữa các mẫu có tính xâm lấn vừa phải. Điều này nâng cao mối lo ngại về khả năng các mẫu xâm lấn mạnh mẽ và\u002Fhoặc độc tố sẽ phát sinh nếu một phạm vi giới hạn của locus tính trạng định lượng cho kháng FHB được áp dụng trên quy mô lớn. Kết hợp hơn một nguồn kháng di truyền khác nhau, có thể với các cơ chế khác nhau chống lại tác nhân gây bệnh, là cần thiết để tránh những đợt bùng phát FHB nghiêm trọng trong tương lai.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1155,"VI":1156},"Population Genetics of Three Important Head Blight Pathogens \u003Ci>Fusarium graminearum, F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fi> and \u003Ci>F. culmorum\u003C\u002Fi>","Di truyền quần thể của ba tác nhân gây bệnh phấn đầu quan trọng \u003Ci>Fusarium graminearum, F. pseudograminearum\u003C\u002Fi> và \u003Ci>F. culmorum\u003C\u002Fi>",{"VI":152},{"VOID":1159},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.2007.01394.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.2007.01394.x",[1164,1183,1202],{"id":1165,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":1166,"affiliations":1167,"properties":1176,"displayName":1180,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"6b958128-71d8-4ac7-81b4-b79e80e595bf",[],[1168],{"id":1169,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1170,"properties":24},"49867333-3bad-427f-ae87-e3627d356d2d",{"id":1169,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1171,"slug":24,"properties":1172,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1175,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1173},{"EN":1174},"Authors’ addresses: University of Hohenheim, State Plant Breeding Institute, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany",[],{"orcid":1177,"title":1179,"openalex":1181},{"VOID":1178},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-9541-3726",{"EN":1180},"Thomas Miedaner",{"VOID":1182},"A5080862387",{"id":1184,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":1185,"affiliations":1186,"properties":1195,"displayName":1199,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"3beb50a9-a8d8-4bb3-b317-15ffc51b1a17",[],[1187],{"id":1188,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1189,"properties":24},"53687454-0893-4da7-96fd-776ca6039f05",{"id":1188,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1190,"slug":24,"properties":1191,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1194,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1192},{"EN":1193},"Crop Protection Cluster, University of the Philippines, Los Baños College, Laguna 4031, Philippines.",[],{"orcid":1196,"title":1198,"openalex":1200},{"VOID":1197},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-5676-657X",{"EN":1199},"Christian Joseph R. 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Saltation in the section discolor, Ann Bot, 43, 379, 10.1093\u002Foxfordjournals.aob.a090175",{"doi":1486},"10.1093\u002Foxfordjournals.aob.a090175",{"id":24,"text":1488,"url":24,"identifiers":1489},"10.1071\u002FAP06046",{"doi":1488},{"id":24,"text":1491,"url":24,"identifiers":1492},"Muthomi JM, 2000, Characterization of Fusarium culmorum isolates by mycotoxin production and aggressiveness to winter wheat, J Plant Dis Plant Prot, 107, 113",{},{"id":24,"text":1494,"url":24,"identifiers":1495},"Naef A, 2006, Survival of Fusarium graminearum on maize crop residues: competition with trichoderma atroviride and impact of maize Bt transformation",{},{"id":24,"text":1497,"url":24,"identifiers":1498},"10.1007\u002Fs10658-006-9048-x",{"doi":1497},{"id":24,"text":1500,"url":24,"identifiers":1501},"10.1006\u002Ffmic.1997.0111",{"doi":1500},{"id":24,"text":1503,"url":24,"identifiers":1504},"10.1073\u002Fpnas.130193297",{"doi":1503},{"id":24,"text":1506,"url":24,"identifiers":1507},"10.1016\u002Fj.fgb.2004.03.003",{"doi":1506},{"id":24,"text":1509,"url":24,"identifiers":1510},"Oswald JW, 1949, Cultural variation, taxonomy and pathogenicity of Fusarium species associated with cereal foot rots, Phytopathology, 39, 359",{},{"id":24,"text":1512,"url":24,"identifiers":1513},"Paillard S, 2004, QTL analysis of resistance to Fusarium head blight in swiss winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), 109, 323",{},{"id":24,"text":1515,"url":24,"identifiers":1516},"10.1094\u002FPD-80-0674",{"doi":1515},{"id":24,"text":1518,"url":24,"identifiers":1519},"Puhalla JE, 1981, Fusarium Diseases, Biology, and Taxonomy, 291",{},{"id":24,"text":1521,"url":24,"identifiers":1522},"10.1071\u002FAR9710553",{"doi":1521},{"id":24,"text":1524,"url":24,"identifiers":1525},"Schilling AG, 1996, Characterization and Differentiation of the Cereal Pathogens Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum by PCR‐based Molecular Markers",{},{"id":24,"text":1527,"url":24,"identifiers":1528},"10.1094\u002FPHYTO-95-0472",{"doi":1527},{"id":24,"text":1530,"url":24,"identifiers":1531},"10.1094\u002FPHYTO-96-1021",{"doi":1530},{"id":24,"text":1533,"url":24,"identifiers":1534},"10.1007\u002Fs00122-005-2060-2",{"doi":1533},{"id":24,"text":1536,"url":24,"identifiers":1537},"10.1016\u002Fj.mycres.2006.09.008",{"doi":1536},{"id":24,"text":1539,"url":24,"identifiers":1540},"Scott JB, 2007, Identification of 11 polymorphic simple sequence repeat loci in the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium pseudograminearum as a tool for genetic studies, Mol Ecol Notes, 7",{},{"id":24,"text":1542,"url":24,"identifiers":1543},"10.1094\u002FPD-80-0944",{"doi":1542},{"id":24,"text":1545,"url":24,"identifiers":1546},"10.1007\u002FBF00023642",{"doi":1545},{"id":24,"text":1548,"url":24,"identifiers":1549},"10.1016\u002Fj.fgb.2007.03.001",{"doi":1548},{"id":24,"text":1551,"url":24,"identifiers":1552},"10.1111\u002Fj.1471-8286.2004.00703.x",{"doi":1551},{"id":24,"text":1554,"url":24,"identifiers":1555},"10.1071\u002FAP01045",{"doi":1554},{"id":24,"text":1557,"url":24,"identifiers":1558},"10.1023\u002FB:EJPP.0000032398.74570.ab",{"doi":1557},{"id":24,"text":1560,"url":24,"identifiers":1561},"10.1007\u002Fs10658-005-0296-y",{"doi":1560},{"id":24,"text":1563,"url":24,"identifiers":1564},"10.1080\u002F07060660509507250",{"doi":1563},{"id":24,"text":1566,"url":24,"identifiers":1567},"TrailF XuJR San MiguelP HalgrenRG KistlerHC(2006)Analysis of expressed sequence tags from Gibberella zeae (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). 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Combination of the fungal agent with \u003Cjats:italic>P. minuta\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> enhanced suppression of \u003Cjats:italic>R. solani\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> more than with either agent used alone. Control benefit was linearly increased when increased numbers of insects were applied with \u003Cjats:italic>L. arvalis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p> \u003Cjats:italic>Laetisaria arvalis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> và một loài côn trùng ăn nấm sống trong hệ rễ, \u003Cjats:italic>Proisotoma minuta\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, đã được đánh giá trong đất tiệt trùng và không tiệt trùng nhằm kiểm soát \u003Cjats:italic>Rhizoctonia solani\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> trong môi trường nhà kính. \u003Cjats:italic>R. solani\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> được áp dụng vào đất với lượng từ 10 đến 150 mg mầm lúa đại hệ lên 1 kg đất. \u003Cjats:italic>L. arvalis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> được áp dụng trực tiếp vào đất với liều 100 mg\u002Fkg hoặc như một lớp xử lý hạt, riêng lẻ hoặc kết hợp với một quần thể của \u003Cjats:italic>P. minuta\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> với 1000 con\u002F kg đất. \u003Cjats:italic>L. arvalis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã làm giảm đáng kể tần suất và mức độ nghiêm trọng của bệnh cây bông non do \u003Cjats:italic>R. solani\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> gây ra; việc xử lý hạt mang lại hiệu quả kiểm soát tốt hơn so với việc áp dụng \u003Cjats:italic>L. arvalis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> lên đất. Sự kết hợp giữa tác nhân nấm và \u003Cjats:italic>P. minuta\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã tăng cường việc kiểm soát \u003Cjats:italic>R. solani\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> nhiều hơn so với việc sử dụng riêng từng tác nhân. Lợi ích kiểm soát đã tăng lên tuyến tính khi số lượng côn trùng áp dụng với \u003Cjats:italic>L. arvalis\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> tăng lên.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1601,"VI":1602},"Control of Rhizoctonia solani and Cotton Seedling Disease by Laetisaria arvalis and a Mycophagous Insect Proisotoma minuta (Collembola)","Kiểm Soát Rhizoctonia solani và Bệnh Cây Bông Non Bởi Laetisaria arvalis và Côn Trùng Ăn Nấm Proisotoma minuta (Collembola)",{"VI":152},{"VOID":1605},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1991.tb00141.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1991.tb00141.x",[1610,1627,1644,1661],{"id":1611,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":1612,"affiliations":1613,"properties":1622,"displayName":1624,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"9c2e21c8-6a6d-454b-8cbe-5bbdc0d1deb3",[],[1614],{"id":1615,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1616,"properties":24},"895a3aaf-a97a-40eb-9ccb-b7367723ed95",{"id":1615,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1617,"slug":24,"properties":1618,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1621,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1619},{"VI":1620},"Department of Biochemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A.",[],{"title":1623,"openalex":1625},{"EN":1624},"RobertT. 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G., 1980, Principles and Procedures of Statistics‐A Biometrical Approach, 633",{},{"id":24,"text":1814,"url":24,"identifiers":1815},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3059.1985.tb02771.x",{"doi":1814},{"id":24,"text":1817,"url":24,"identifiers":1818},"10.1094\u002FPhyto-69-244",{"doi":1817},{"id":24,"text":1820,"url":24,"identifiers":1821},"10.1016\u002FS0031-4056(23)02212-6",{"doi":1820},{"id":1823,"createTime":1824,"updateTime":1825,"relativeEntities":1826,"slug":1827,"properties":1828,"entityType":155,"verifyStatus":156,"verifyTime":1824,"verifyNote":157,"languages":1842,"translateLanguages":1843,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":1844,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":1845,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":1880,"citationCount":1942,"citationInfo":1943,"publishDate":1946,"publishYear":1944,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":1947,"openAccess":24,"references":1948,"isForceReanalyzing":342},"fa4d5eea-3cd7-4b6d-9948-6fcbfb3bebf2","2024-10-10T00:16:39.781+00:00","2025-01-19T20:51:28.994+00:00",[],"Phenylpyrrole-Fungicides-Mitotic-Instability-in-i-Aspergillus-nidulans-i-and-Resistance-in-i-Botrytis-cinerea-i-",{"openalex":1829,"mag":1831,"abstract":1833,"title":1836,"keywords":1839,"doi":1840},{"VOID":1830},"W2128147281",{"VOID":1832},"2128147281",{"EN":1834,"VI":1835},"\u003Cjats:p>The somatic recombinogenic activity of the phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil, in diploid \u003Cjats:italic>Aspergillus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>\u003Cjats:italic>nidulans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> was found similar to that caused by aromatic hydrocarbon and dicarboximide fungicides (AHDFs), such as iprodione, chlozolinate and tolclofos–methyl. All these fungicides not only increased the number of mitotic recombinants but also provided similar appearance, small sectors, of white and yellow mitotic recombination products. Fludioxonil highly resistant strains (resistant factor approximately 5000) of \u003Cjats:italic>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> were isolated at high frequency (1.08 × 10\u003Cjats:sup>−5\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>). Study of cross‐resistance patterns of mutant strains to other fungicides, revealed cross‐resistance of fludioxonil with dicarboximides (iprodione, procymidone, and chlozolinate) and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as tolclofos–methyl, pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), tecnazene and chloroneb. The positive cross‐resistance relationships found between phenylpyrroles and members of the AHDFs and their ability to increase mitotic instability in diploid \u003Cjats:italic>A.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>\u003Cjats:italic>nidulans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, indicate that phenylpyrroles should be included with AHDFs. A study of fitness parameters in wild‐type and representative fludioxonil‐resistant mutants of \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, showed that the mutation(s) leading to fludioxonil resistance may or may not affect some fitness‐determining characteristics, such as sensitivity to high osmolarity, growth rate, conidial germination and germ‐tube elongation. Pathogenicity tests on cucumber seedlings showed that an osmosensitive representative strain of \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, resistant to fludioxonil, was as virulent as the wild‐type strain. The phenylpyrrole fungicide was ineffective, even in high concentrations, to control grey mould caused by this isolate.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:p>Hoạt tính tái tổ hợp sinh dưỡng của thuốc diệt nấm phenylpyrrole fludioxonil trong \u003Cjats:italic>Aspergillus\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>\u003Cjats:italic>nidulans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> lưỡng bội được phát hiện tương tự như hoạt tính của các thuốc diệt nấm hydrocarbon thơm và dicarboximide (AHDFs), như iprodione, chlozolinate và tolclofos–methyl. Tất cả các thuốc diệt nấm này không chỉ làm tăng số lượng các tổ hợp mitotic mà còn tạo ra các sản phẩm tái tổ hợp phân bào với diện mạo tương tự, ở dạng các lĩnh vực nhỏ, màu trắng và vàng. Các dòng kháng thuốc fludioxonil có khả năng kháng cao (hệ số kháng khoảng 5000) của \u003Cjats:italic>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã được cách ly với tần suất cao (1,08 × 10\u003Cjats:sup>−5\u003C\u002Fjats:sup>). Nghiên cứu các mẫu kháng thuốc chéo của các dòng đột biến với các thuốc diệt nấm khác cho thấy sự kháng chéo của fludioxonil với các dicarboximide (iprodione, procymidone và chlozolinate) và hydrocarbon thơm, chẳng hạn như tolclofos–methyl, pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), tecnazene và chloroneb. Các mối quan hệ kháng chéo tích cực giữa phenylpyrroles và các thành viên của AHDFs cùng khả năng tăng cường sự không ổn định phân bào trong \u003Cjats:italic>A.\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>\u003Cjats:italic>nidulans\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> lưỡng bội cho thấy rằng phenylpyrroles nên được coi là một phần của AHDFs. Nghiên cứu các thông số về khả năng sinh tồn ở kiểu hình hoang dã và các đột biến kháng fludioxonil điển hình của \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> cho thấy rằng sự đột biến gây ra kháng fludioxonil có thể ảnh hưởng hoặc không ảnh hưởng đến một số đặc điểm quyết định khả năng sinh tồn, như độ nhạy cảm với độ thẩm thấu cao, tốc độ phát triển, sự nảy mầm của bào tử và sự kéo dài ống mầm. Các thử nghiệm về tính gây bệnh trên cây giống dưa chuột cho thấy rằng một dòng đại diện nhạy cảm với độ thẩm thấu của \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>, kháng fludioxonil, có độc lực tương đương với dòng hoang dã. Thuốc diệt nấm phenylpyrrole không hiệu quả, ngay cả với nồng độ cao, trong việc kiểm soát bệnh mốc xám gây ra bởi mẫu này.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1837,"VI":1838},"Phenylpyrrole Fungicides: Mitotic Instability in \u003Ci>Aspergillus nidulans\u003C\u002Fi> and Resistance in \u003Ci>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fi>","Thuốc diệt nấm phenylpyrrole: Sự không ổn định phân bào trong \u003Ci>Aspergillus nidulans\u003C\u002Fi> và kháng thuốc trong \u003Ci>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fi>",{"VI":152},{"VOID":1841},"10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2001.00617.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2001.00617.x",[1846,1863],{"id":1847,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":1848,"affiliations":1849,"properties":1858,"displayName":1860,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"29fbafdc-2a05-428c-b9a1-3fc443620310",[],[1850],{"id":1851,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1852,"properties":24},"0fbb697f-7dfd-4e34-a9c4-2c5ddbfa65f3",{"id":1851,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1853,"slug":24,"properties":1854,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1857,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1855},{"EN":1856},"Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece",[],{"title":1859,"openalex":1861},{"EN":1860},"Basil N. Ziogas",{"VOID":1862},"A5029188007",{"id":1864,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":1865,"affiliations":1866,"properties":1875,"displayName":1877,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"33b94070-d33e-4839-babb-bd6a2c5560b6",[],[1867],{"id":1868,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":1869,"properties":24},"ed85c48d-735b-477f-85f9-c627f5b498db",{"id":1868,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1870,"slug":24,"properties":1871,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1874,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1872},{"EN":1873},"Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Department of Pesticides Control & Phytopharmacy, Athens, Greece",[],{"title":1876,"openalex":1878},{"EN":1877},"A. E. Kalamarakis",{"VOID":1879},"A5063515135",{"url":24,"publisher":1881,"properties":1936},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1882,"slug":10,"properties":1883,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":23,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"subjectFields":1888,"manageAffiliations":1905,"indexDatabases":1916,"url":104,"thumbnailPath":24,"statistic":1931,"gsStatistic":24,"type":24,"analyzePriority":24},[],{"country":1884,"eissn":1885,"issn":1886,"title":1887},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"VOID":17},{"EN":19},[1889,1893,1897,1901],{"id":28,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1890,"label":1891,"description":1892,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":31},{},{"id":34,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1894,"label":1895,"description":1896,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":37},{},{"id":40,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1898,"label":1899,"description":1900,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":43},{},{"id":46,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1902,"label":1903,"description":1904,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":49},{},[1906,1911],{"id":53,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1907,"slug":24,"properties":1908,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1910,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1909},{"EN":57},[],{"id":60,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1912,"slug":24,"properties":1913,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":1915,"statistic":24},[],{"title":1914},{"EN":64},[],[1917,1924],{"id":68,"indexDatabase":1918,"url":79,"indexYears":80,"academicFieldIds":1923,"indexDatabaseRanking":86},{"id":70,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1919,"label":1920,"description":1921,"key":76,"publicationTags":1922,"standard":24},[],{"EN":73,"VI":73},{"EN":73,"VI":75},[78],[82,83,84,85],{"id":88,"indexDatabase":1925,"url":101,"indexYears":24,"academicFieldIds":1930,"indexDatabaseRanking":24},{"id":90,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":1926,"label":1927,"description":1928,"key":97,"publicationTags":1929,"standard":24},[],{"EN":93,"VI":93},{"EN":95,"VI":96},[99,100],[103],{"impactFactor":25,"impactFactorByYear":1932,"i10Index":107,"i10IndexLast5Year":25,"totalPublication":108,"totalPublicationByYear":1933,"totalCitation":112,"totalCitationByYear":1934,"totalCitationPerPublication":127,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1935,"hindexLast5Year":129,"hindex":129},{},{"1964":110,"1966":110,"1968":110,"1979":110,"1980":110,"1982":110,"1984":110,"1985":110,"1986":110,"1995":110,"1999":110,"2000":110,"2003":110,"2008":111},{"1964":114,"1966":115,"1968":116,"1979":117,"1980":107,"1982":118,"1984":119,"1985":120,"1986":121,"1995":122,"1999":123,"2000":124,"2003":125,"2008":126},{"1964":114,"1966":115,"1968":116,"1979":117,"1980":107,"1982":118,"1984":119,"1985":120,"1986":121,"1995":122,"1999":123,"2000":124,"2003":125,"2008":124},{"issue":1937,"pages":1938,"volume":1940},{"VOID":289},{"VOID":1939},"301-308",{"VOID":1941},"149",38,{"total":1942,"publishYear":1944,"statisticByYear":1945},2001,{"2012":484,"2013":121,"2014":111,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2018":111,"2019":110,"2020":111,"2021":110,"2024":110},"2001-06-01",[86,99],[1949,1952,1955,1958,1961,1964,1967,1970,1973,1976,1979,1982,1985,1988,1991,1994,1997,2000,2003,2006,2009,2012,2015,2018,2021,2024,2027,2030,2033,2036,2039,2042,2045],{"id":24,"text":1950,"url":24,"identifiers":1951},"10.1016\u002F0027-5107(77)90156-7",{"doi":1950},{"id":24,"text":1953,"url":24,"identifiers":1954},"Brent K. J.&D. W.Hollomon(1998): Fungicide Resistance: The Assessment of Risk. FRAC Monograph No 2 pp. 1–48. Global Crop Protection Federation Brussels Belgium.",{},{"id":24,"text":1956,"url":24,"identifiers":1957},"10.1016\u002FS0007-1536(83)80017-5",{"doi":1956},{"id":24,"text":1959,"url":24,"identifiers":1960},"Beever R. E.&R. J. W.Byrde(1982):Resistance to the dicarboximide fungicides. In: Dekker J. and S. G. Georgopoulos (eds) Fungicide Resistance in Crop Protection pp. 101–117. Pudoc Wageningen The Netherlands.",{},{"id":24,"text":1962,"url":24,"identifiers":1963},"Dekker J.(1995):Development of resistance to modern fungicides and strategies for its avoidance. In: Lyr H. (ed.) Modern Selective Fungicides pp. 23–38. Gustav Fischer‐Verlag Jena Germany.",{},{"id":24,"text":1965,"url":24,"identifiers":1966},"10.1016\u002FS0953-7562(09)81187-8",{"doi":1965},{"id":24,"text":1968,"url":24,"identifiers":1969},"10.1016\u002F0261-2194(96)00021-x",{"doi":1968},{"id":24,"text":1971,"url":24,"identifiers":1972},"Gehmann K. R. A. J.Nyfeler D.Leadbeater D.Nevill D.Sozzi(1990):CGA 173506: A new phenylpyrrole fungicide for broad‐spectrum disease control. In: BCPC (eds) Proc. Brighton Crop Protection Conference Pests and Diseases Vol. 2 pp. 399–406. BCPC Surrey UK.",{},{"id":24,"text":1974,"url":24,"identifiers":1975},"10.1146\u002Fannurev.py.05.090167.000545",{"doi":1974},{"id":24,"text":1977,"url":24,"identifiers":1978},"10.1094\u002FPhyto-66-217",{"doi":1977},{"id":24,"text":1980,"url":24,"identifiers":1981},"10.1002\u002Fps.2780100504",{"doi":1980},{"id":24,"text":1983,"url":24,"identifiers":1984},"Hastie A. C., 1971, Benlate‐induced instability of Aspergillus diploids, Nature, 226, 42",{},{"id":24,"text":1986,"url":24,"identifiers":1987},"Hilber U. W. H.Schuepp F. J.Schwinn(1993):Resistance ofBotryotinia fuckeliana(de Bary) to phenylpyrrole fungicides as compared to dicarboximides. In: Lyr H. and C. Polter (eds) Proc. 10th International Symposium of Systemic Fungicides and Antifungal Compounds pp. 63–73. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co Stuttgart Germany.",{},{"id":24,"text":1989,"url":24,"identifiers":1990},"Hilber U. W. H.Schuepp F. J.Schwinn(1994):Resistance risk evaluation of fludioxonil a new phenylpyrrole fungicide. In: Heaney S. D. Slawson D. W. Hollomon M. Smith P. E. Russell and D. W. Parry (eds) Fungicide Resistance. BCPC Monograph No 60 pp. 397–402. British Crop Protection Council Farnham Surrey UK.",{},{"id":24,"text":1992,"url":24,"identifiers":1993},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1995.tb00287.x",{"doi":1992},{"id":24,"text":1995,"url":24,"identifiers":1996},"Jarvis W. R.(1980):Taxonomy. In: Coley‐Smith J. R. K. Verhoeff and W. R. Jarvis (eds) The Biology ofBotrytis pp. 1–18. Academic Press London New York.",{},{"id":24,"text":1998,"url":24,"identifiers":1999},"10.1002\u002Fps.2780440210",{"doi":1998},{"id":24,"text":2001,"url":24,"identifiers":2002},"10.1016\u002FS0027-5107(78)80018-9",{"doi":2001},{"id":24,"text":2004,"url":24,"identifiers":2005},"10.1016\u002FS0027-5107(74)80066-7",{"doi":2004},{"id":24,"text":2007,"url":24,"identifiers":2008},"10.1584\u002Fjpestics.9.489",{"doi":2007},{"id":24,"text":2010,"url":24,"identifiers":2011},"Koch E.&A. J.Leadbeater(1992):Phenylpyrroles: a new class of fungicides for seed treatment. In: BCPC (eds) Proc. Brighton Crop Protection Conference Pests and Diseases Vol. 3 pp. 1137–1146. British Crop Protection Council Farnham Surrey UK.",{},{"id":24,"text":2013,"url":24,"identifiers":2014},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1977.tb02875.x",{"doi":2013},{"id":24,"text":2016,"url":24,"identifiers":2017},"Leroux P., 1992, Similarities in the antifungal activities of fenpiclonil, iprodione and tolclofos‐methyl against Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium nivale, Pestic. Sci., 37, 225",{},{"id":24,"text":2019,"url":24,"identifiers":2020},"10.1016\u002Fs0261-2194(99)00074-5",{"doi":2019},{"id":24,"text":2022,"url":24,"identifiers":2023},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2338.1985.tb00240.x",{"doi":2022},{"id":24,"text":2025,"url":24,"identifiers":2026},"Nishida M., 1965, Pyrrolnitrin, a new antifungal antibiotic. Microbiological and toxicological observations, J. Antibiot., 18, 211",{},{"id":24,"text":2028,"url":24,"identifiers":2029},"Smith C. M.(1988):History of benzimidizole use and resistance. In: Delp C. J. (ed.) Fungicide Resistance in North America pp. 23–24. American Phytopathological Society St Paul MN USA.",{},{"id":24,"text":2031,"url":24,"identifiers":2032},"Uesugi Y.(1998):Fungicide classes: chemistry uses and mode of action. In: Hutson D. and J. Miyamoto (eds) Fungicidal Activity pp. 23–56. Wiley New York USA.",{},{"id":24,"text":2034,"url":24,"identifiers":2035},"Ziogas B. N., 1979, The effect of carboxin and of thenoyltrifluoroacetone on cyanide sensitive and cyanide‐resistant respiration of Ustilago maydis mitochondria, Pestic. Sci., 10, 389",{},{"id":24,"text":2037,"url":24,"identifiers":2038},"10.1002\u002Fps.2780200305",{"doi":2037},{"id":24,"text":2040,"url":24,"identifiers":2041},"10.1002\u002Fps.2780390306",{"doi":2040},{"id":24,"text":2043,"url":24,"identifiers":2044},"Ziogas B. N.&S. M.Girgis(1998):Study of fungicidal action of fludioxanil and of the risk for resistance development to phenylpyrrole fungicides. In: Abstracts of Ninth Hellenic Phytopathological Conference p. 137. Hellenic Phytopathological Society Athens Greece.",{},{"id":24,"text":2046,"url":24,"identifiers":2047},"Ziogas B. N.&A.Vitoratos(2000):Genetic activity of dicarboximide aromatic hydrocarbon and phenylpyrrole fungicides. In: Albanis T. (ed.) Proc. of First European Conference on Pesticides and Related Organic Micropollutants in the Environment pp. 63–66. University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece.",{},{"id":2049,"createTime":2050,"updateTime":2051,"relativeEntities":2052,"slug":2053,"properties":2054,"entityType":155,"verifyStatus":156,"verifyTime":2050,"verifyNote":157,"languages":2068,"translateLanguages":2069,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":2070,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":2071,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":2124,"citationCount":2187,"citationInfo":2188,"publishDate":2191,"publishYear":2189,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":2192,"openAccess":24,"references":2193,"isForceReanalyzing":342},"02b05ff9-bbc9-4f9d-9773-c893bbb303a6","2024-10-11T00:04:47.249+00:00","2025-01-19T20:50:30.746+00:00",[],"Resistance-to-Pyrimethanil-and-other-Fungicides-in-i-Botrytis-cinerea-i-Populations-Collected-on-Vegetable-Crops-in-Spain",{"openalex":2055,"mag":2057,"abstract":2059,"title":2062,"keywords":2065,"doi":2066},{"VOID":2056},"W2054162127",{"VOID":2058},"2054162127",{"EN":2060,"VI":2061},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Forty‐seven greenhouses of vegetable crops were surveyed in south‐eastern Spain at the beginning of the epidemic (January 2000) to compare sensitivity of \u003Cjats:italic>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> populations to pyrimethanil (an anilinopyrimidine fungicide) after 4 years of treatment with an unexposed population from a 1992 collection. A standard method to test the sensitivity of \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> to pyrimethanil in a defined minimal medium (1.75 g\u002Fl of KH\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>PO\u003Cjats:sub>4\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, 0.75 g\u002Fl of MgSO\u003Cjats:sub>4\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, 4 g\u002Fl of glucose and 4 g\u002Fl of gelatine) was used to establish frequency distributions of pyrimethanil sensitivity in both populations. Two different distributions for sensitive and resistant isolates were obtained. ED\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> of sensitive isolates in 1992 ranged from 0.05 to 0.5 mg a.i.\u002Fl (mean ± SE, 0.23 ± 0.02), and 0.04–0.4 mg a.i.\u002Fl in 2000 (0.11 ± 0.01). ED\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> for resistant isolates ranged from 1 to 10 mg a.i.\u002Fl in both surveys (5 ± 2.64 and 4.25 ± 2.14, in 1992 and 2000, respectively). No resistance build‐up to pyrimethanil was developed in \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> populations after exposition of 4 years to the fungicide. An \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> monitoring procedure was developed based on testing on one single discriminatory dose of pyrimethanil (established at 0.7 mg a.i.\u002Fl). Isolates resistant to pyrimethanil in the \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> assay caused visible lesions on cucumber leaf discs treated with the fungicide. No significant differences in fitness (growth or sporulation) between resistant and sensitive isolates were obtained. The 307 isolates collected in January 2000 were tested \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> using discriminatory doses to estimate the frequencies of resistance of \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> to benzimidazoles (carbendazim), dicarboximides (procymidone), \u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>‐phenylcarbamates (diethofencarb), and anilinopyrimidines (pyrimethanil). Of the 307 isolates collected, 90% were resistant to benzimidazoles, 77% to dicarboximides, 23% to \u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>‐phenylcarbamates and 12% to anilinopyrimidines (in this case of 165 isolates). Dicarboximide and benzimidazole cross‐resistant isolates were found in each of the surveyed greenhouses and accounted for 65.8%. Fourteen percentage of the population were resistant to dicarboximides, benzimidazoles and \u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>‐phenylcarbamates, and 3% were also resistant to anilinopyrimidines.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Một cuộc khảo sát đã được thực hiện trên 47 nhà kính trồng cây rau ở miền đông nam Tây Ban Nha vào đầu dịch bệnh (tháng 1 năm 2000) để so sánh độ nhạy cảm của các quần thể \u003Cjats:italic>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đối với pyrimethanil (một loại thuốc trừ nấm anilinopyrimidine) sau 4 năm điều trị với một quần thể chưa tiếp xúc từ bộ sưu tập năm 1992. Một phương pháp chuẩn để kiểm tra độ nhạy cảm của \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đối với pyrimethanil trong một môi trường tối thiểu xác định (1.75 g\u002Fl KH\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>PO\u003Cjats:sub>4\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, 0.75 g\u002Fl MgSO\u003Cjats:sub>4\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, 4 g\u002Fl glucose và 4 g\u002Fl gelatin) đã được sử dụng để thiết lập các phân phối tần suất về độ nhạy cảm với pyrimethanil ở cả hai quần thể. Hai phân phối khác nhau cho các biến thể nhạy cảm và kháng đã được thu nhận. ED\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> của các biến thể nhạy cảm vào năm 1992 nằm trong khoảng từ 0.05 đến 0.5 mg a.i.\u002Fl (trung bình ± SE, 0.23 ± 0.02), và từ 0.04 đến 0.4 mg a.i.\u002Fl vào năm 2000 (0.11 ± 0.01). ED\u003Cjats:sub>50\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> cho các biến thể kháng nằm trong khoảng từ 1 đến 10 mg a.i.\u002Fl trong cả hai cuộc khảo sát (5 ± 2.64 và 4.25 ± 2.14, vào năm 1992 và 2000, tương ứng). Không có sự gia tăng khả năng kháng pyrimethanil nào được phát triển trong các quần thể \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> sau 4 năm tiếp xúc với thuốc trừ nấm này. Một quy trình theo dõi \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã được phát triển dựa trên việc kiểm tra một liều phân biệt duy nhất của pyrimethanil (được thiết lập ở mức 0.7 mg a.i.\u002Fl). Các biến thể kháng pyrimethanil trong thử nghiệm \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đã gây ra tổn thương rõ rệt trên các đĩa lá dưa chuột được xử lý bằng thuốc trừ nấm. Không có sự khác biệt đáng kể nào về độ thích nghi (tăng trưởng hoặc tạo bào tử) giữa các biến thể kháng và nhạy cảm. 307 biến thể được thu thập vào tháng 1 năm 2000 đã được kiểm tra \u003Cjats:italic>in vitro\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> bằng cách sử dụng các liều phân biệt để ước tính tỷ lệ kháng của \u003Cjats:italic>B. cinerea\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> đối với benzimidazoles (carbendazim), dicarboximides (procymidone), \u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>-phenylcarbamates (diethofencarb), và anilinopyrimidines (pyrimethanil). Trong số 307 biến thể thu thập, 90% kháng lại benzimidazoles, 77% kháng dicarboximides, 23% kháng \u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>-phenylcarbamates và 12% kháng anilinopyrimidines (trong số 165 biến thể này).  Các biến thể kháng chéo giữa dicarboximides và benzimidazoles đã được phát hiện ở mỗi nhà kính được khảo sát và chiếm 65,8%. Mười bốn phần trăm dân số kháng lại dicarboximides, benzimidazoles và \u003Cjats:italic>N\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>-phenylcarbamates, và 3% cũng kháng lại anilinopyrimidines.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2063,"VI":2064},"Resistance to Pyrimethanil and other Fungicides in \u003Ci>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fi> Populations Collected on Vegetable Crops in Spain","Kháng thuốc Pyrimethanil và các thuốc trừ nấm khác trong quần thể \u003Ci>Botrytis cinerea\u003C\u002Fi> thu thập trên cây rau ở Tây Ban Nha",{"VI":152},{"VOID":2067},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.2004.00880.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.2004.00880.x",[2072,2091,2108],{"id":2073,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":2074,"affiliations":2075,"properties":2084,"displayName":2088,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"875b5365-9051-4127-80de-abec4ce2f572",[],[2076],{"id":2077,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2078,"properties":24},"698f74b4-6037-4971-b285-d0ebcff00048",{"id":2077,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2079,"slug":24,"properties":2080,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2083,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2081},{"EN":2082},"Authors' addresses: 1Department of Plant Protection, INIA, Ctra. De la Coruña km 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain",[],{"orcid":2085,"title":2087,"openalex":2089},{"VOID":2086},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-5277-2334",{"EN":2088},"C. 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Gómez",{"VOID":2107},"A5083308485",{"id":2109,"sortIndex":111,"researcher":24,"roles":2110,"affiliations":2111,"properties":2118,"displayName":400,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"93b7024d-42b6-4e86-9501-0b7b267b555d",[],[2112],{"id":2077,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2113,"properties":24},{"id":2077,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2114,"slug":24,"properties":2115,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2117,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2116},{"EN":2082},[],{"orcid":2119,"title":2121,"openalex":2122},{"VOID":2120},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-1906-2984",{"EN":400},{"VOID":2123},"A5083997874",{"url":24,"publisher":2125,"properties":2180},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":2126,"slug":10,"properties":2127,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":23,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":25,"subjectFields":2132,"manageAffiliations":2149,"indexDatabases":2160,"url":104,"thumbnailPath":24,"statistic":2175,"gsStatistic":24,"type":24,"analyzePriority":24},[],{"country":2128,"eissn":2129,"issn":2130,"title":2131},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},{"VOID":17},{"EN":19},[2133,2137,2141,2145],{"id":28,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2134,"label":2135,"description":2136,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":31},{},{"id":34,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2138,"label":2139,"description":2140,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":37},{},{"id":40,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2142,"label":2143,"description":2144,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":43},{},{"id":46,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2146,"label":2147,"description":2148,"parentId":24,"standard":24,"scholarHubFieldId":24},[],{"EN":49},{},[2150,2155],{"id":53,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2151,"slug":24,"properties":2152,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2154,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2153},{"EN":57},[],{"id":60,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2156,"slug":24,"properties":2157,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2159,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2158},{"EN":64},[],[2161,2168],{"id":68,"indexDatabase":2162,"url":79,"indexYears":80,"academicFieldIds":2167,"indexDatabaseRanking":86},{"id":70,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2163,"label":2164,"description":2165,"key":76,"publicationTags":2166,"standard":24},[],{"EN":73,"VI":73},{"EN":73,"VI":75},[78],[82,83,84,85],{"id":88,"indexDatabase":2169,"url":101,"indexYears":24,"academicFieldIds":2174,"indexDatabaseRanking":24},{"id":90,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2170,"label":2171,"description":2172,"key":97,"publicationTags":2173,"standard":24},[],{"EN":93,"VI":93},{"EN":95,"VI":96},[99,100],[103],{"impactFactor":25,"impactFactorByYear":2176,"i10Index":107,"i10IndexLast5Year":25,"totalPublication":108,"totalPublicationByYear":2177,"totalCitation":112,"totalCitationByYear":2178,"totalCitationPerPublication":127,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":2179,"hindexLast5Year":129,"hindex":129},{},{"1964":110,"1966":110,"1968":110,"1979":110,"1980":110,"1982":110,"1984":110,"1985":110,"1986":110,"1995":110,"1999":110,"2000":110,"2003":110,"2008":111},{"1964":114,"1966":115,"1968":116,"1979":117,"1980":107,"1982":118,"1984":119,"1985":120,"1986":121,"1995":122,"1999":123,"2000":124,"2003":125,"2008":126},{"1964":114,"1966":115,"1968":116,"1979":117,"1980":107,"1982":118,"1984":119,"1985":120,"1986":121,"1995":122,"1999":123,"2000":124,"2003":125,"2008":124},{"issue":2181,"pages":2183,"volume":2185},{"VOID":2182},"8-9",{"VOID":2184},"484-490",{"VOID":2186},"152",70,{"total":2187,"publishYear":2189,"statisticByYear":2190},2004,{"2012":119,"2013":298,"2014":298,"2015":484,"2016":724,"2017":298,"2018":111,"2019":121,"2020":121,"2021":110,"2022":111,"2023":298,"2024":110},"2004-09-01",[86,99],[2194,2197,2200,2203,2206,2209,2212,2215,2218,2221,2224,2227,2230,2233,2236,2239,2242,2245,2248,2251,2254,2257,2260,2263,2266,2269,2272,2275,2278,2281],{"id":24,"text":2195,"url":24,"identifiers":2196},"Antonovics J, 1988, Plant Disease Epidemiology, 185",{},{"id":24,"text":2198,"url":24,"identifiers":2199},"10.1094\u002FPDIS.2003.87.6.662",{"doi":2198},{"id":24,"text":2201,"url":24,"identifiers":2202},"Birchmore RJ, 1996, FRAC methods for monitoring the sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to anilinopyrimidine fungicides developed by the anilinopyrimidine fungicide resistance committee of GIFAP, OILB Bull, 26, 181",{},{"id":24,"text":2204,"url":24,"identifiers":2205},"Birchmore RJ, 1996, A baseline for the sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to pyrimethanil, Bright Crop Prot Conf Pests Dis, 1, 713",{},{"id":24,"text":2207,"url":24,"identifiers":2208},"10.1006\u002Fpest.1999.2414",{"doi":2207},{"id":24,"text":2210,"url":24,"identifiers":2211},"Delcán J, 1997, Sensitivity distribution of Botrytis cinerea from Spanish greenhouses to the mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb, Phytopathol Med, 36, 123",{},{"id":24,"text":2213,"url":24,"identifiers":2214},"Faretra F, 1989, New natural variants of Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) coupling benzimidazole‐resistance to insensitivity toward the N‐phenylcarbamate diethofencarb, Phytopathol Med, 28, 98",{},{"id":24,"text":2216,"url":24,"identifiers":2217},"10.1016\u002F0261-2194(96)00021-X",{"doi":2216},{"id":24,"text":2219,"url":24,"identifiers":2220},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3059.1986.tb01984.x",{"doi":2219},{"id":24,"text":2222,"url":24,"identifiers":2223},"Gasztonyi M, 1995, Modern Selective Fungicide – Properties, Applications, and Mechanisms of Action, 389",{},{"id":24,"text":2225,"url":24,"identifiers":2226},"10.1094\u002FPDIS.1998.82.5.496",{"doi":2225},{"id":24,"text":2228,"url":24,"identifiers":2229},"10.1002\u002F(SICI)1096-9063(199607)47:3\u003C241::AID-PS410>3.0.CO;2-6",{"doi":2228},{"id":24,"text":2231,"url":24,"identifiers":2232},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3059.1992.tb02459.x",{"doi":2231},{"id":24,"text":2234,"url":24,"identifiers":2235},"10.1002\u002F(SICI)1096-9063(199606)47:2\u003C191::AID-PS415>3.0.CO;2-I",{"doi":2234},{"id":24,"text":2237,"url":24,"identifiers":2238},"Leroux P, 1994, Fungicide Resistance. Monograph. 60, 267",{},{"id":24,"text":2240,"url":24,"identifiers":2241},"10.1016\u002FS0261-2194(99)00074-5",{"doi":2240},{"id":24,"text":2243,"url":24,"identifiers":2244},"Leroux P, 1999, Modern Fungicides and Antifungal Compounds II, 297",{},{"id":24,"text":2246,"url":24,"identifiers":2247},"Löcher FJ, 1991, FRAC Methods for Monitoring Fungicide Resistance, 341",{},{"id":24,"text":2249,"url":24,"identifiers":2250},"10.1002\u002Fps.2780420304",{"doi":2249},{"id":24,"text":2252,"url":24,"identifiers":2253},"10.1002\u002Fps.2780450107",{"doi":2252},{"id":24,"text":2255,"url":24,"identifiers":2256},"10.1006\u002Fpest.1994.1023",{"doi":2255},{"id":24,"text":2258,"url":24,"identifiers":2259},"10.1094\u002FPD-76-0477",{"doi":2258},{"id":24,"text":2261,"url":24,"identifiers":2262},"Newman GL, 1992, Pyrimethanil: a new fungicide, Bright Crop Prot Conf Pests Dis, 1, 395",{},{"id":24,"text":2264,"url":24,"identifiers":2265},"10.1094\u002FPD-79-0294",{"doi":2264},{"id":24,"text":2267,"url":24,"identifiers":2268},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-3059.1995.d01-140.x",{"doi":2267},{"id":24,"text":2270,"url":24,"identifiers":2271},"10.1094\u002FPHYTO.2000.90.11.1246",{"doi":2270},{"id":24,"text":2273,"url":24,"identifiers":2274},"10.1023\u002FA:1011250200724",{"doi":2273},{"id":24,"text":2276,"url":24,"identifiers":2277},"Smith CM, 1991, FRAC Methods for Monitoring Fungicide Resistance, 336",{},{"id":24,"text":2279,"url":24,"identifiers":2280},"Sokal RR, 1981, Biometry",{},{"id":24,"text":2282,"url":24,"identifiers":2283},"10.1146\u002Fannurev.py.29.090191.002225",{"doi":2282},{"id":2285,"createTime":2286,"updateTime":2287,"relativeEntities":2288,"slug":2289,"properties":2290,"entityType":155,"verifyStatus":156,"verifyTime":2304,"verifyNote":157,"languages":2305,"translateLanguages":2306,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":2307,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":2308,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":2343,"citationCount":2405,"citationInfo":2406,"publishDate":2409,"publishYear":2407,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":2410,"openAccess":24,"references":2411,"isForceReanalyzing":342},"36f92bfe-6b0b-4d96-b2c2-bd45e2168b7d","2024-10-11T02:42:42.522+00:00","2025-01-19T20:49:30.272+00:00",[],"Scanning-Electron-Microscopy-of-i-Pseudomonas-syringae-i-pv-i-morsprunorum-i-on-Sweet-Cherry-Leaves",{"openalex":2291,"mag":2293,"abstract":2295,"title":2298,"keywords":2301,"doi":2302},{"VOID":2292},"W2012201422",{"VOID":2294},"2012201422",{"EN":2296,"VI":2297},"\u003Cjats:title>Abstract\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Scanning electron microscopy indicated that sub‐stomatal cavities on sweet cherry leaves are “protected sites” which shelter resident populations of \u003Cjats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> pv. \u003Cjats:italic>morsprunorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Bacteria entered the stomata, multiplied in the cavities and emerged in a mass 6 days after inoculation. There were no visible symptoms, suggesting that the pathogen colonized the host in “sub‐clinical” numbers to generate populations which were then released onto the leaf surface under suitable conditions.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:title>Tóm tắt\u003C\u002Fjats:title>\u003Cjats:p>Kính hiển vi điện tử quét cho thấy các khoang phụ khí khổng trên lá anh đào ngọt là \"các vị trí được bảo vệ\" mà nơi trú ngụ của quần thể vi khuẩn \u003Cjats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae\u003C\u002Fjats:italic> pv. \u003Cjats:italic>morsprunorum\u003C\u002Fjats:italic>. Vi khuẩn xâm nhập vào khí khổng, phát triển trong các khoang và xuất hiện thành một khối vào ngày thứ 6 sau khi nhiễm. Không có triệu chứng rõ rệt, cho thấy rằng tác nhân gây bệnh đã thuộc địa hóa ký chủ với số lượng \"trong lâm sàng\" thấp để tạo ra những quần thể sau đó được phát tán ra bề mặt lá trong các điều kiện thích hợp.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2299,"VI":2300},"Scanning Electron Microscopy of \u003Ci>Pseudomonas syringae\u003C\u002Fi> pv, \u003Ci>morsprunorum\u003C\u002Fi> on Sweet Cherry Leaves","Kính hiển vi điện tử quét về \u003Ci>Pseudomonas syringae\u003C\u002Fi> pv, \u003Ci>morsprunorum\u003C\u002Fi> trên lá anh đào ngọt",{"VI":152},{"VOID":2303},"10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1983.tb00559.x","2024-10-11T02:42:42.521+00:00",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1439-0434.1983.tb00559.x",[2309,2326],{"id":2310,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":2311,"affiliations":2312,"properties":2321,"displayName":2323,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"4e579a95-9d0e-46d6-8a04-e32201feca83",[],[2313],{"id":2314,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2315,"properties":24},"6c9dce49-e5bc-4bb0-9d9f-cc1be8a1f133",{"id":2314,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2316,"slug":24,"properties":2317,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2320,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2318},{"VI":2319},"Fruit and Fruit Technology Research Institute, Stellenbosch, South Africa",[],{"title":2322,"openalex":2324},{"EN":2323},"Isabel M. M. Roos",{"VOID":2325},"A5068572370",{"id":2327,"sortIndex":110,"researcher":24,"roles":2328,"affiliations":2329,"properties":2336,"displayName":2340,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"ddd71235-04d8-4f64-890e-c2f8dbc3d5cc",[],[2330],{"id":2314,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2331,"properties":24},{"id":2314,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2332,"slug":24,"properties":2333,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2335,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2334},{"VI":2319},[],{"orcid":2337,"title":2339,"openalex":2341},{"VOID":2338},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-2091-8877",{"EN":2340},"M. J. 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O., 1954, Two simple media for the demonstration of pyocyanin and fluorescin, J. Lab. Clin. Med., 44, 301",{},{"id":24,"text":2422,"url":24,"identifiers":2423},"10.1139\u002Fm64-120",{"doi":2422},{"id":24,"text":2425,"url":24,"identifiers":2426},"10.1139\u002Fm79-133",{"doi":2425},{"id":24,"text":2428,"url":24,"identifiers":2429},"10.1094\u002FPhyto-67-895",{"doi":2428},{"id":24,"text":2431,"url":24,"identifiers":2432},"10.1007\u002FBF01347221",{"doi":2431},{"id":24,"text":2434,"url":24,"identifiers":2435},"10.1094\u002FPhyto-67-898",{"doi":2434},{"id":24,"text":2437,"url":24,"identifiers":2438},"Yamanaka S., 1980, Some observations on angular leaf spot of cucumber with a scanning electron microscope, Tohoku J. Agric. Res., 30, 135",{},{"id":24,"text":2440,"url":24,"identifiers":2441},"Young J. M., 1978, Survival of bacteria on Prunus leaves. Proc. 4th Intern. Conf, Plant Path. Bact., 779",{},{"id":2443,"createTime":2444,"updateTime":2445,"relativeEntities":2446,"slug":2447,"properties":2448,"entityType":155,"verifyStatus":156,"verifyTime":2444,"verifyNote":157,"languages":2462,"translateLanguages":2463,"viewCount":25,"primaryUrl":2464,"fullTextUrl":24,"authors":2465,"publicationType":230,"publisherRelationship":2536,"citationCount":2598,"citationInfo":2599,"publishDate":2602,"publishYear":2600,"citationAnalyzeStatus":23,"lastCitationAnalyze":24,"indexDatabases":2603,"openAccess":24,"references":2604,"isForceReanalyzing":342},"5f98fdfd-5084-4359-af65-f8c197878447","2024-12-04T05:24:08.418+00:00","2025-01-19T20:48:34.358+00:00",[],"Gas-Exchange-and-Emission-of-Chlorophyll-Fluorescence-during-the-Monocycle-of-Rust-Angular-Leaf-Spot-and-Anthracnose-on-Bean-Leaves-as-a-Function-of-their-Trophic-Characteristics",{"openalex":2449,"mag":2451,"abstract":2453,"title":2456,"keywords":2459,"doi":2460},{"VOID":2450},"W2034758892",{"VOID":2452},"2034758892",{"EN":2454,"VI":2455},"\u003Cjats:p>Measurements related to gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence emission were taken from healthy and diseased bean leaves with rust, angular leaf spot, and anthracnose during lesion development for each disease. The experiments were performed at different temperatures of plant incubation, and using two bean cultivars. The main effect of temperature of plant incubation was in disease development. There was no significant difference between cultivars in relation to disease development and in magnitude of physiological alterations when disease severity was the same for each cultivar. These diseases reduced the net photosynthetic rate and increased the dark respiration of infected leaves after the appearance of visible symptoms and the differences between healthy and diseased leaves increased with disease development. The transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were stable during the monocycle of rust, however, these two variables decreased in leaves with angular leaf spot and anthracnose beginning with symptom appearance and continuing until lesion development was complete. Carboxylation resistance was probably the main factor related to reduction of photosynthetic rate of the apparently healthy area of leaves with rust and angular leaf spot. Reduction of the intercellular concentration of CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub>, due to higher stomatal resistance, was probably the main factor for leaves with anthracnose. Chlorophyll fluorescence assessments suggested that there was no change in electron transport capacity and generation of ATP and NADPH in apparently healthy areas of diseased leaves, but decreases in chlorophyll fluorescence emission occurred on visibly lesioned areas for all diseases. Minimal fluorescence was remarkably reduced in leaves with angular leaf spot. Maximal fluorescence and optimal quantum yield of photosystem II of leaves were reduced for all three diseases. Bean rust, caused by a biotrophic pathogen, induced less damage to the regulation mechanisms of the physiological processes of the remaining green area of diseased leaves than did bean angular leaf spot or anthracnose, caused by hemibiotrophic pathogens. The magnitude of photosynthesis reduction can be related to the host–pathogen trophic relationships.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>","\u003Cjats:p>Các phép đo liên quan đến trao đổi khí và phát thải huỳnh quang diệp lục đã được thực hiện trên lá đậu khỏe mạnh và bị bệnh với các triệu chứng gỉ sét, đốm lá góc và thối đen trong suốt quá trình phát triển tổn thương của từng bệnh. Các thí nghiệm được thực hiện ở các nhiệt độ ủ cây khác nhau, sử dụng hai giống đậu khác nhau. Ảnh hưởng chính của nhiệt độ ủ cây là đối với sự phát triển của bệnh. Không có sự khác biệt đáng kể giữa các giống liên quan đến sự phát triển của bệnh và về độ lớn của các biến đổi sinh lý khi mức độ nghiêm trọng của bệnh giống nhau cho mỗi giống. Các bệnh này làm giảm tỷ lệ quang hợp ròng và tăng hô hấp tối của lá bị nhiễm sau khi xuất hiện triệu chứng rõ ràng và sự khác biệt giữa lá khỏe mạnh và lá bị bệnh gia tăng theo sự phát triển của bệnh. Tỷ lệ thoát hơi nước và độ dẫn khí khép kín ổn định trong suốt chu kỳ đơn của bệnh gỉ sét, tuy nhiên, hai biến này đã giảm ở lá có đốm lá góc và bệnh thối đen bắt đầu với sự xuất hiện triệu chứng và tiếp tục cho đến khi quá trình phát triển tổn thương hoàn tất. Khả năng chống lại quá trình carboxylation có thể là yếu tố chính liên quan đến sự giảm tỷ lệ quang hợp của vùng lá rõ ràng khỏe mạnh có gỉ sét và đốm lá góc. Sự giảm nồng độ CO\u003Cjats:sub>2\u003C\u002Fjats:sub> trong tế bào, do độ kháng khí khép kín cao hơn, có thể là yếu tố chính đối với lá có bệnh thối đen. Đánh giá huỳnh quang diệp lục gợi ý rằng không có sự thay đổi nào trong khả năng vận chuyển electron và sinh ATP và NADPH ở các vùng dường như khỏe mạnh của lá bị bệnh, nhưng sự giảm phát thải huỳnh quang diệp lục xảy ra ở các vùng tổn thương rõ ràng cho tất cả các bệnh. Huỳnh quang tối thiểu đã bị giảm đáng kể ở lá có đốm lá góc. Huỳnh quang tối đa và hiệu suất lượng tử tối ưu của hệ thống quang hợp II của lá bị giảm cho cả ba loại bệnh. Bệnh gỉ sét trên đậu, do một tác nhân sinh trưởng sinh học gây ra, đã gây ra thiệt hại ít hơn cho các cơ chế điều chỉnh của các quá trình sinh lý của vùng xanh còn lại của lá bị bệnh hơn là bệnh đốm lá góc hoặc bệnh thối đen, do các tác nhân sinh trưởng bán sinh lý gây ra. Độ lớn của sự giảm quang hợp có thể được liên kết với mối quan hệ dinh dưỡng giữa vật chủ và tác nhân gây bệnh.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2457,"VI":2458},"Gas Exchange and Emission of Chlorophyll Fluorescence during the Monocycle of Rust, Angular Leaf Spot and Anthracnose on Bean Leaves as a Function of their Trophic Characteristics","Trao đổi khí và phát thải huỳnh quang diệp lục trong chu kỳ đơn của bệnh gỉ sét, đốm lá góc và bệnh thối đen trên lá đậu tương dưới tác động của đặc điểm dinh dưỡng của chúng",{"VI":152},{"VOID":2461},"10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2002.00714.x",[159],[161],"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1439-0434.2002.00714.x",[2466,2485,2502,2519],{"id":2467,"sortIndex":25,"researcher":24,"roles":2468,"affiliations":2469,"properties":2478,"displayName":2482,"givenName":24,"familyName":24},"7a9b4ff8-6b8e-4593-b1ad-8fa5a623a8f3",[],[2470],{"id":2471,"sortIndex":25,"affiliation":2472,"properties":24},"46088742-7010-47a8-a357-909f2efde195",{"id":2471,"createTime":24,"updateTime":24,"relativeEntities":2473,"slug":24,"properties":2474,"entityType":24,"verifyStatus":24,"verifyTime":24,"verifyNote":24,"languages":24,"translateLanguages":24,"viewCount":24,"url":24,"parentIds":2477,"statistic":24},[],{"title":2475},{"EN":2476},"Depto. de Entomologia, Fitopatologia e Zoologia Agrícola da Escola Superior de Agricultura `Luiz de Queiroz', Universidade de São Paulo, C. 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