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The SSS anomaly in the northwestern Bering Sea is high from winter to spring when the BTF transport anomaly is large in the cold season. Similar features can be seen in an observation dataset and two kinds of ocean data assimilation product. BTF transport is strongly correlated with sea surface height (SSH) in the northeastern Bering Sea, the southwestern Chukchi Sea and the East Siberian Sea. The SSH along the Russian coast in the Arctic Ocean is uncorrelated with the SSH in the Bering Sea, the meaning being that the Arctic SSH affects the BTF and the SSS independently of the SSH in the Bering Sea. The low SSH along the Siberian coast is correlated with easterly wind anomalies over the Laptev Sea and north of the New Siberian Islands. The relationship between the low Siberian-coast SSH and the high SSS in the Bering Sea, however, is not confirmed in 10 years of satellite-derived SSH. Mixed-layer salt budget analysis has revealed that the high SSS anomalies are mainly caused by the increases of horizontal advective salt convergence north of 62.5°N, and by the decreases of sea-ice melting south of 62.5°N, through the strengthening of the near-surface northeastward currents. In the warm season, these two factors fade and the salinization disappears.",{"EN":228},"Relations between salinity in the northwestern Bering Sea, the Bering Strait throughflow and sea surface height in the Arctic Ocean",{"VOID":230},"[\"4813910784863730648\"]",{"VOID":232},"Aagaard K, Weingartner T, Danielson SL, Woodgate RA, Johnson GC, Whitledge TE (2006) Some controls on flow and salinity in Bering Strait. Geophys Res Lett 33:L19602. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2006GL026612\nArmitage TWK, Bacon S, Ridout AL, Thomas SF, Aksenov Y, Wingham DJ (2016) Arctic sea surface height variability and change from satellite radar altimetry and GRACE, 2003–2014. J Geophys Res Oceans 121:4303–4322. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002F2015JC011579\nBabb DG, Galley RJ, Asplin MG, Lukovich JV, Barber DG (2013) Multiyear sea ice export through the Bering Strait during winter 2011–2012. J Geophys Res Oceans 118:5489–5503. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fjgrc.20383\nClement JL, Maslowski W, Cooper LW, Grebmeier JM, Walczowski W (2005) Ocean circulation and exchanges through the northern Bering Sea—1979–2001 model results. Deep-Sea Res II 52:3509–3540. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.dsr2.2005.09.010\nDanielson S, Hedstrom K, Aagaard K, Weingartner T, Curchitser E (2012) Wind-induced reorganization of the Bering shelf circulation. Geophys Res Lett 39:L08601. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2012GL051231\nDanielson SL, Weingartner TJ, Hedstorm KS, Aagaard K, Woodgate R, Curchitser E, Stabeno PJ (2014) Coupled wind-forced controls of the Bering-Chukchi shelf circulation and the Bering Strait throughflow: Ekman transport, continental shelf waves, and variations of the Pacific-Arctic sea surface height gradient. Prog Oceanogr 125:40–61. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.pocean.2014.04,006\nde Boyer Montégut C, Madec G, Fischer AS, Lazar A, Iudicone D (2004) Mixed layer depth over the global ocean: an examination of profile data and a profile-based climatology. J Geophys Res 109:C12003. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2004JC002378\nGiese BS, Ray S (2011) El Niño variability in simple ocean data assimilation (SODA), 1871–2008. J Geophys Res 116:C02024. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2010JC006695\nHasumi H (2000) CCSR Ocean Component Model (COCO) Version 2.1, CCSR Report, 13, 68 pp\nInoue J, Hori ME, Takaya K (2012) The role of Barents sea ice in the wintertime cyclone track and emergence of a warm-Arctic cold-Siberian anomaly. J Clim 25:2561–2568. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJCLI-D-00449.1\nItoh M, Shimada K, Kamoshida T, McLaughlin F, Carmack E, Nishino S (2012) Interannual variability of Pacific Winter Water inflow through Barrow Canyon from 2000 to 2006. J Oceanogr 68:575–592. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10872-012-0120-1\nKomuro Y, Suzuki T, Sakamoto T, Hasumi H, Ishii M, Watanabe M, Nozawa T, Yokohata T, Nishimura T, Oguchi K, Emori S, Kimoto M (2012) Sea-ice in twentieth-century simulations by new MIROC coupled models: a comparison between models with high resolution and with ice thickness distribution. J Meteor Soc Jpn 90A:213–232. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2151\u002Fjmsj.2012-A11\nLi L, Miller AJ, McClean JL, Eisenman I, Hendershott MC (2014) Processes driving sea ice variability in the Bering Sea in an eddying ocean\u002Fsea ice model: anomalies from the mean seasonal cycle. Ocean Dyn 64:1693–1717. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10236-014-0769-7\nMetz W (1991) Optimal relationship of large-scale flow patterns and the barotropic feedback due to high-frequency eddies. J Atmos Sci 48:1141–1159\nOsafune S, Masuda S, Sugiura N, Doi T (2015) Evaluation of the applicability of the Estimated State of the Global Ocean for Climate Research (ESTOC) data set. Geophys Res Lett 42:4903–4911. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002F2015GL064538\nPeralta-Ferriz C, Wallace JM, Bonin JA, Zhang J (2014) Arctic ocean circulation patterns revealed by GRACE. J Clim 27:1445–1468. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJCLI-D-13-00013.1\nRayner NA, Parker DE, Horton EB, Folland CK, Alexander LV, Rowell DP, Kent EC, Kaplan A (2003) Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and nighttime marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J Geophys Res 108(D14):4407. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2002JD002670\nRen L, Riser SC (2009) Seasonal salt budget in the northeast Pacific Ocean. J Geophys Res 114:C12004. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2009JC005307\nRodionov SN, Bond NA, Overland JE (2007) The Aleutian Low, storm tracks, and winter climate variability in the Bering Sea. Deep-Sea Res II 54:2560–2577. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.dsr2.2007.08.002\nSakamoto TT, Komuro Y, Nishimura T, Ishii M, Tatebe H, Shiogama H, Hasegawa A, Toyoda T, Mori M, Suzuki T, Imada Y, Nozawa T, Takata K, Mochizuki T, Oguchi K, Emori S, Hasumi H, Kimoto M (2012) MIROC4h–A new high-resolution atmosphere-ocean coupled general circulation model. J Meteor Soc Jpn 90:325–359. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2151\u002Fjmsj.2012-301\nSato K, Inoue J, Watanabe M (2014) Influence of the Gulf Stream on the Barents sea ice retreat and Eurasian coldness during early winter. Environ Res Lett 9:084009. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1088\u002F1748-9326\u002F9\u002F8\u002F084009\nSerreze MC, Barry RG (2011) Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification: a research synthesis. Glob Planet Change 77:85–96. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.gloplacha.2011.03.004\nSpringer AM, McRoy CP (1993) The paradox of pelagic food webs in the northern Bering Sea—III. Patterns of primary production. Cont Shelf Res 13:575–599. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0278-4343(93)90095-F\nVaughan DG et al (2013) Observations: cryosphere. In: Stocker TF et al (eds) Climate change 2013: the physics science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge\nVolkov DL, Landerer FW (2013) Nonseasonal fluctuations of the Arctic Ocean mass observed by the GRACE satellites. J Geophys Res 118:6451–6460. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002F2013JC009341\nWeingartner TJ, Danielson S, Sasaki Y, Pavlov V, Kulakov M (1999) The Siberian Coastal Current: a wind- and buoyancy-forced Arctic coastal current. J Geophys Res 114:29697–29713\nWoodgate RA, Aagaard K, Weingartner TJ (2005) Monthly temperature, salinity, and transport variability of the Bering Strait through flow. Geophys Res Lett 32:L04601. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2004GL021880\nWoodgate RA, Weingartner TJ, Lindsay R (2012) Observed increases in Bering Strait oceanic fluxes from the Pacific to the Arctic from 2001 to 2011 and their impacts on the Arctic Ocean water column. Geophys Res Lett 39:L24603. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2012GL054092\nWoodgate RA, Stafford KM, Prahl FG (2015) A synthesis of year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering Strait (1990–2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011). Oceanography 28:46–67. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5670\u002Foceanog.2015.57\nZhang J, Woodgate R, Moritz R (2010) Sea ice response to atmospheric and oceanic forcing in the Bering Sea. J Phys Oceanogr 40:1729–1747. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F2010JPO4323.1\nZweng MM, Reagan JR, Antonov JI, Locarnini RA, Mishonov AV, Boyer TP, Garcia HE, Baranova OK, Johnson DR, Seidov D, Biddle MM (2013) World Ocean Atlas 2013, Volume 2: Salinity. In: Levitus S (ed) A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 74. NOAA, Silver Spring, MD, 39 pp",{"VOID":234},"10.1007\u002Fs10872-017-0453-x","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","2024-05-16T20:48:24.235+00:00","Auto Verify","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10872-017-0453-x",[241,257,272,285],{"id":242,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":243,"affiliations":245,"properties":254,"displayName":256,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"a857ed34-9fbf-4c66-9609-705afb3ba794",[244],"AUTHOR",[246],{"id":247,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":248,"properties":18},"759a5ee6-12a0-4fc1-b7f5-89010bef04c4",{"id":247,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":249,"slug":18,"properties":250,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":253,"statistic":18},[],{"title":251},{"VI":252},"Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan",[],{"title":255},{"VI":256},"Yoshimi 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Cont Shelf Res 24:1745–1760",{"doi":901},"10.1016\u002Fj.csr.2004.06.005",{"id":18,"text":903,"url":18,"identifiers":904},"Tan Y, Huang L, Chen Q, Huang X (2004) Seasonal variation in zooplankton composition and grazing impact on phytoplankton standing stock in the Pearl River Estuary, China. Cont Shelf Res 24(16):1949–1968",{"doi":905},"10.1016\u002Fj.csr.2004.06.018",{"id":18,"text":907,"url":18,"identifiers":908},"Thiebaux ML, Dickie LM (1992) Models of aquatic biomass size spectra and the common structure of their solutions. J Theor Biol 159(2):147–161",{"doi":909},"10.1016\u002FS0022-5193(05)80699-X",{"id":18,"text":911,"url":18,"identifiers":912},"Thiebaux ML, Dickie LM (1993) Structure of the body-size spectrum of the biomass in aquatic ecosystems: a consequence of allometry in predator-prey interactions. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 50:1308–1317",{"doi":913},"10.1139\u002Ff93-148",{"id":18,"text":915,"url":18,"identifiers":916},"Tseng L-C, Dahms H-U, Chen Q-C, Hwang J-S (2008) Copepod assemblages of the northern South China Sea. Crustaceana 81(1):1–22",{"doi":917},"10.1163\u002F156854008783244753",{"id":18,"text":919,"url":18,"identifiers":920},"Utermöhl H (1958) Zur vervollkommung der quantitativen methodik. Mitt Int Verh Teor Angew Limnol 9:1–38",{},{"id":18,"text":922,"url":18,"identifiers":923},"Wang R, Wang K (2003) Field test of capture capabilities of two plankton nets. J Fish China 27(Suppl):98–102",{},{"id":18,"text":925,"url":18,"identifiers":926},"Wassmann P (1998) Retention versus export food chains: processes controlling sinking loss from marine pelagic systems. Hydrobiologia 363(1):29–57. doi: 10.1023\u002Fa:1003113403096",{},{"id":18,"text":928,"url":18,"identifiers":929},"Woodward G, Ebenman B, Emmerson M, Montoya JM, Olesen JM, Valido A, Warren PH (2005) Body size in ecological networks. Trends Ecol Evol 20(7):402–409",{"doi":930},"10.1016\u002Fj.tree.2005.04.005",{"id":18,"text":932,"url":18,"identifiers":933},"Wu R, Li L (2003) Summarization of study on upwelling system in the South China Sea. J Oceanogr Taiwan Strait 22(2):269–277",{},{"id":18,"text":935,"url":18,"identifiers":936},"Xu Z, Chen Y (1989) Aggregated intensity of dominant species of zooplankton in autumn in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea. Chin J Ecol 8:13–15",{},{"id":18,"text":938,"url":18,"identifiers":939},"Xu J, Yin K, He L, Yuan X, Ho AYT, Harrison PJ (2008) Phosphorus limitation in the northern South China Sea during late summer: influence of the Pearl River. Deep-Sea Res I 55(10):1330–1342. doi: 10.1016\u002Fj.dsr.2008.05.007",{"doi":940},"10.1016\u002Fj.dsr.2008.05.007",{"id":18,"text":942,"url":18,"identifiers":943},"Yang Y, Jiao N (2004) Dynamics of picoplankton in the Nansha Islands area of the South China Sea. Acta Ocean Sin 23(3):493–504",{},{"id":18,"text":945,"url":18,"identifiers":946},"Yang Y, Meng Q, Xia H-y, Li R-x, Zhu P-l (2010) Expansion of the Pearl River diluted water in 2006 and its ecological response. J Trop Oceanogr 29(6):15–21",{},{"id":18,"text":948,"url":18,"identifiers":949},"Yuan Y, Zheng Q, Dai D, Hu X, Qiao F, Meng J (2006) Mechanism of internal waves in the Luzon Strait. J Geophys Res 111(C11):C11S17. doi: 10.1029\u002F2005jc003198",{"doi":950},"10.1029\u002F2005JC003198",{"id":18,"text":952,"url":18,"identifiers":953},"Yuan X, He L, Yin K, Pan G, Harrison PJ (2011) Bacterial distribution and nutrient limitation in relation to different water masses in the coastal and northwestern South China Sea in late summer. Cont Shelf Res 31:1214–1223",{"doi":954},"10.1016\u002Fj.csr.2011.04.012",{"id":18,"text":956,"url":18,"identifiers":957},"Zhang W, Tang D, Yang B, Gao S, Sun J, Tao Z, Sun S, Ning X (2009) Onshore-offshore variations of copepod community in northern South China Sea. Hydrobiologia 636:257–269",{"doi":958},"10.1007\u002Fs10750-009-9955-x",{"id":18,"text":960,"url":18,"identifiers":961},"Zheng Z, Li S, Xu Z (eds) (1984) Marine planktology. Ocean Press, Beijing",{},{"id":18,"text":963,"url":18,"identifiers":964},"Zhou M, Tande K, Zhu YW, Basedow S (2009) Productivity, trophic levels and size spectra of zooplankton in northern Norwegian shelf regions. Deep-Sea Res II 56(21–22):1934–1944",{"doi":965},"10.1016\u002Fj.dsr2.2008.11.018",{"id":18,"text":967,"url":18,"identifiers":968},"Zhou W, Long A, Jiang T, Chen S, Huang L, Huang H, Cai C, Yan Y (2011a) Bacterioplankton dynamics along the gradient from highly eutrophic Pearl River Estuary to oligotrophic northern South China Sea in wet season: implication for anthropogenic inputs. Mar Pollut Bull 62(4):726–733",{"doi":969},"10.1016\u002Fj.marpolbul.2011.01.018",{"id":18,"text":971,"url":18,"identifiers":972},"Zhou L, Tan Y, Huang L, Huang J, Liu H, Lian X (2011b) Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in the continental shelf area of northeastern South China Sea after Typhoon Fengshen. Cont Shelf Res 31:1663–1671. doi: 10.1016\u002Fj.csr.2011.06.017",{"doi":973},"10.1016\u002Fj.csr.2011.06.017",{"id":975,"createTime":976,"updateTime":977,"relativeEntities":978,"slug":979,"properties":980,"entityType":235,"verifyStatus":236,"verifyTime":991,"verifyNote":238,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":992,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":993,"publicationType":301,"publisherRelationship":1022,"citationCount":287,"citationInfo":1069,"publishDate":1072,"publishYear":1070,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1073,"indexDatabases":1074,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":357},"79865f01-2bce-4920-80ee-bb57b11a0329","2024-02-08T10:59:26.791+00:00","2026-07-22T08:50:14.834+00:00",[],"Observed-relationship-between-the-drag-coefficient-Cd-and-stability-parameter-z-L-",{"abstract":981,"title":983,"gsPaper":985,"references":987,"doi":989},{"EN":982},"Momentum and heat flux were measured with a sonic anemometer at the Marine Observation Tower in the port of ItÔ. Under unstable conditions (T\n\n                  w\n                -T\n\n                  a\n                =3‡C∼4‡C), using the eddy correlation method, results show thatCd=(1.2±0.3)×10−3 andCh=(1.5±0.3)×10−3 at 5.5 m above mean sea level except for the case of weak winds. An unexpected relationship betweenCd and (−z\u002FL) was observed, that is,Cd decreases as (−z\u002FL) increases. If roughness variation over the sea is taken into account, we can explain the decrease in the range of (−z\u002FL) less than 1, but not in the range greater than 1. This is due to a strong instability effect and the change of roughness class, from moderately rough to smooth.",{"EN":984},"Observed relationship between the drag coefficient,Cd, and stability parameter, (−z\u002FL)",{"VOID":986},"[\"9159582228228484377\"]",{"VOID":988},"Hanabusa, T., T.Fujita and H.Uozu (1976): The measurement of turbulent fluxes at Miyako Island (AMTEX '75). Preprint of annual meeting of Jap, Meteorol. Soc. p. 35.\nKitaygorodsky, S.A. (1969): Small-scale atmosphere-ocean interactions. Izv. Atmos. Oceanic Phys.,5, 641–650.\nKondo, J., Y. Fujinawa andG. Naito (1973): Observation of high-frequency ocean waves and its relation to the aerodynamic roughness: Data and instruments. Rept. Natl. Res. Center for Disaster Prevention, Tokyo, (8), 1–23 (in Japanese with English illustrations).\nKondo, J. (1977): Comparison of the Kondo's bulk transfer coefficient with recently made direct observations of fluxes on the sea surface. J. Met. Soc. Japan,55, 319–323.\nLumley, J.L. andH.A. Panofsky (1964): The Structure of Atmospheric Turbulence. Interscience Publ., New York-London-Sydney, 239 pp.\nMitsuyasu, H. (1968): On the growth of the spectrum of wind-generated waves (1). Rep. Res. Inst. for Appl. Mech., Kyushu Univ.,16(55), 459–482.\nMonin, A.S. andA.M. Yaglom (1971): Statistical Fluid Mechanics. M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, 769pp.\nMulhern, P.J. (1978): Turbulent flow over a periodic rough surface. Phys. Fluids,21, 1113–1115.\nPaulson, C.A. (1970): The mathematical representation of wind speed and temperature profiles in the unstable atmospheric surface layer. J. Appl. Met.,9, 857–861.\nSethuRaman, S. andG.S. Raynor (1975): Surface drag coefficient dependence on the aerodynamic roughness of the sea. J. Geophys. Res.,80, 4983–4988.",{"VOID":990},"10.1007\u002FBF02108641","2024-05-16T00:39:23.086+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02108641",[994,1009],{"id":995,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":996,"affiliations":997,"properties":1006,"displayName":1008,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"35489652-42be-4272-b179-1fc6e09ac2d6",[244],[998],{"id":999,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1000,"properties":18},"8f11dfe0-2e1e-4119-9289-7a89db8c7a8b",{"id":999,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1001,"slug":18,"properties":1002,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1005,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1003},{"VI":1004},"Meteorological Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan",[],{"title":1007},{"VI":1008},"Tatsuo Konishi",{"id":1010,"sortIndex":132,"researcher":18,"roles":1011,"affiliations":1012,"properties":1019,"displayName":1021,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"3a7b939e-a7c3-4321-a280-5505b66036ea",[244],[1013],{"id":999,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1014,"properties":18},{"id":999,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1015,"slug":18,"properties":1016,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1018,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1017},{"VI":1004},[],{"title":1020},{"VI":1021},"Tosio 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different series of measurements have been made of the solubilities and rates of solution in sea water of acid-washed siliceous tests of the diatomsThalassiosira decipiens andRhizosolenia hebetata. The kinetic approach was carried out on the assumption that the tests behave as identical solid spheres. If the tests were present in considerable excess over that required for saturation of the water with respect to silica, the dissolution obeyed first order reaction kinetics and its rate was proportional to the surface area of the exposed tests. When the tests were not in excess the kinetics of dissolution appeared to be more complex. This was considered to be due to a decrease in specific surface area as dissolution proceeded. An expression developed to allow for the change of surface area as a sphere dissolves offers a partial explanation of the kinetics when the tests are not present in excess.",{"EN":1085},"The dissolution of opaline silica of diatom tests in sea water",{"VOID":1087},"[]",{"VOID":1089},"Alexander, G.B., W.M. Heston andR.K. Iller (1954): The solubility of amorphous silica in water. J. Phys. Chem.,58, 433–455.\nCooper, L.H.N. (1952): Factors affecting the distribution of silicate in the North Atlantic Ocean and the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K.,30, 511–536.\nGreenberg, S.A. (1957): The depolymerization of silica in sodium hydroxide solutions. J. Phys. Chem.,61, 960–965.\nHurd, D.C. (1972): Factors affecting solution rate of biogenic opal in seawater. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.,15, 411–417.\nIller, R. K. (1955): The Colloidal Chemistry of Silica and Silicates. Cornell Univ. Press, New York, 324 pp.\nKamatani, A. (1971): Physical and chemical characteristics of biogenic silica. Mar. Biol.,8, 89–95.\nKamatani, A. (1974): Studies on the dissolution of diatomaceous silica as a function of heating. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan,30, 157–162.\nKato, K. andY. Kitano (1968): Solubility and dissolution rate of amorphous silica in distilled and sea water at 20°C. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan,24, 147–152.\nKrauskopf, K.B. (1956): The dissolution and precipitation of silica at low temperatures. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,10, 1–26.\nLewin, J.C. (1961): The dissolution of silica from diatom walls. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,21, 182–198.\nO'Connor, T.L. andS.A. Greenberg (1958): The kinetics for the solution of silica in aqueous solutions. J. Phys. Chem.,63, 1195–1198.\nSiever, R. (1962): Silica solubility: 0–200°C, and the diagenesis of siliceous sediments. J. Geol.,30, 127–150.\nStöber, W. (1967): Formation of silicic acid in aqueous suspensions of different silica modifications. Amer. Chem. Soc. Adv. Chem. Ser.,65, 161–182.\nVan Lier, J.A., P.L. De Bruyn andJ.T.G. Overbeek (1960): The solubility of quartz. J. Phys. Chem.,64, 1675.\nWollast, R. (1974): The silica problem,In, The Sea, vol. 5, ed. byE.D. Goldberg, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp 359–392.",{"VOID":1091},"10.1007\u002FBF02070333","2024-06-26T18:21:45.453+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02070333",[1095,1108,1123],{"id":1096,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1097,"affiliations":1098,"properties":1105,"displayName":1107,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"bb708614-6cdc-43d3-a7de-e2037e299a79",[244],[1099],{"id":396,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1100,"properties":18},{"id":396,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1101,"slug":18,"properties":1102,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1104,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1103},{"VI":401},[],{"title":1106},{"VI":1107},"Akiyoshi Kamatani",{"id":1109,"sortIndex":132,"researcher":18,"roles":1110,"affiliations":1111,"properties":1120,"displayName":1122,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"695b09d5-8d9f-414a-9b1b-4107932c873e",[244],[1112],{"id":1113,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1114,"properties":18},"03e3bc3f-46c6-494e-b7a5-0d09b533c0ad",{"id":1113,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1115,"slug":18,"properties":1116,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1119,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1117},{"VI":1118},"Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England",[],{"title":1121},{"VI":1122},"John P. Riley",{"id":1124,"sortIndex":164,"researcher":18,"roles":1125,"affiliations":1126,"properties":1135,"displayName":1137,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"a5662e91-8fb9-49f2-b39e-7096bb0e8835",[244],[1127],{"id":1128,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1129,"properties":18},"08b9a03c-99fa-4d98-941e-3e4f090fdc9f",{"id":1128,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1130,"slug":18,"properties":1131,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1134,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1132},{"VI":1133},"Department of Inorganic, Physical and Industrial Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England",[],{"title":1136},{"VI":1137},"Geoffrey Skirrow",{"url":1093,"publisher":1139,"properties":1180},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1140,"slug":10,"properties":1141,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1144,"manageAffiliations":1149,"indexDatabases":1160,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1175,"gsStatistic":18,"type":213,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1142,"title":1143},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},[1145],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1146,"label":1147,"description":1148,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1150,1155],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1151,"slug":18,"properties":1152,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1154,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1153},{"EN":33},[35],{"id":37,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1156,"slug":18,"properties":1157,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1159,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1158},{"EN":41},[],[1161,1168],{"id":45,"indexDatabase":1162,"url":56,"indexYears":57,"academicFieldIds":1167,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":47,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1163,"label":1164,"description":1165,"key":53,"publicationTags":1166,"standard":18},[],{"EN":50,"VI":50},{"EN":50,"VI":52},[55],[59],{"id":61,"indexDatabase":1169,"url":18,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1174,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":63,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1170,"label":1171,"description":1172,"key":70,"publicationTags":1173,"standard":18},[],{"EN":66,"VI":66},{"EN":68,"VI":69},[72,73],[75],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1176,"i10Index":89,"i10IndexLast5Year":90,"totalPublication":91,"totalPublicationByYear":1177,"totalCitation":126,"totalCitationByYear":1178,"totalCitationPerPublication":165,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1179,"hindexLast5Year":122,"hindex":122},{"2012":78,"2013":79,"2014":80,"2015":81,"2016":82,"2017":83,"2018":84,"2019":85,"2020":80,"2021":86,"2022":87,"2023":88},{"1970":93,"1971":94,"1972":95,"1973":96,"1974":93,"1975":96,"1976":96,"1977":97,"1978":98,"1979":99,"1980":94,"1981":100,"1982":101,"1983":102,"1984":103,"1985":104,"1986":105,"1987":106,"1988":107,"1989":93,"1990":108,"1991":96,"1992":106,"1993":103,"1994":103,"1995":104,"1996":100,"1997":90,"1998":109,"1999":110,"2000":110,"2001":111,"2002":112,"2003":113,"2004":114,"2005":115,"2006":116,"2007":117,"2008":118,"2009":119,"2010":120,"2011":114,"2012":109,"2013":121,"2014":108,"2015":111,"2016":122,"2017":123,"2018":105,"2019":100,"2020":107,"2021":123,"2022":124,"2023":93,"2024":125},{"1970":97,"1971":90,"1972":128,"1973":104,"1974":129,"1975":116,"1976":130,"1977":131,"1978":110,"1979":132,"1980":133,"1981":134,"1982":135,"1983":136,"1984":112,"1985":137,"1986":110,"1987":138,"1988":139,"1989":140,"1990":93,"1991":141,"1992":142,"1993":143,"1994":144,"1995":145,"1996":146,"1997":147,"1998":148,"2003":96,"2004":149,"2005":150,"2006":151,"2007":152,"2008":153,"2009":154,"2010":155,"2011":156,"2012":157,"2013":158,"2014":156,"2015":159,"2016":160,"2017":161,"2018":112,"2019":162,"2020":109,"2021":163,"2023":164},{"1970":167,"1971":78,"1972":138,"1973":168,"1974":169,"1975":170,"1976":171,"1977":172,"1978":173,"1979":174,"1980":175,"1981":168,"1982":176,"1983":177,"1984":178,"1985":179,"1986":180,"1987":181,"1988":182,"1989":183,"1990":184,"1991":185,"1992":186,"1993":187,"1994":188,"1995":189,"1996":190,"1997":191,"1998":192,"2003":193,"2004":194,"2005":195,"2006":196,"2007":197,"2008":198,"2009":199,"2010":200,"2011":201,"2012":202,"2013":203,"2014":204,"2015":205,"2016":206,"2017":207,"2018":208,"2019":209,"2020":210,"2021":211,"2023":212},{"pages":1181,"volume":1183},{"VOID":1182},"201-208",{"VOID":1184},"36","1980-10-01",1980,"ERROR_IN_GET_PLATFORM_ID","2026-07-20T23:01:55.776+00:00",[72],{"id":1191,"createTime":1192,"updateTime":1193,"relativeEntities":1194,"slug":1195,"properties":1196,"entityType":235,"verifyStatus":236,"verifyTime":1207,"verifyNote":238,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1208,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1209,"publicationType":301,"publisherRelationship":1225,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":1272,"publishYear":1273,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1274,"indexDatabases":1275,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":357},"88da6d11-5b6d-4ffe-8122-ea6cd1a77739","2024-01-25T11:35:34.063+00:00","2026-07-20T08:50:57.215+00:00",[],"Shocks-in-a-coastal-boundary-current",{"abstract":1197,"title":1199,"gsPaper":1201,"references":1203,"doi":1205},{"EN":1198},"We studied shocks in a coastal boundary current with zero potential vorticity. By coastal boundary current, we mean a semigeostrophic light fluid flow over an infinitely deep dense fluid and along a coast on its right hand side, with its lower interface exposed to the ocean surface at some finite distance from the coast. The shocks are assumed to conserve mass and momentum. It is found that the shocks can be classified into two categories, “coastal shocks” and “frontal shocks”, by the signs of the upper layer flux relative to the shocks. Coastal shocks, for which the relative upper layer flux is negative, always propagate downstream. The upper layer at the coast is thicker on the upstream sides of coastal shocks than on the downstream sides. Frontal shocks, for which the relative upper layer flux is positive, propagate upstream as well as downstream. In most cases, the current is wider on the downstream sides of frontal shocks than on the upstream sides. However, under the circumstances that the current is nearly separated from the coast, the current is wider on the upstream sides of frontal shocks. Coastal and frontal shocks both dissipate energy of the current. We also demonstrate that special shocks with no light fluid on the downstream sides cannot exist irrespective of the potential vorticity distribution.",{"EN":1200},"Shocks in a coastal boundary current",{"VOID":1202},"[\"2833768631022572885\"]",{"VOID":1204},"Benjamin, T. B. (1968): Gravity currents and related phenomena.J. Fluid Mech.,31, 209–248.\nGriffiths, R. W. and E. J. Hopfinger (1983): Gravity currents moving along a lateral boundary in a rotating fluid.J. Fluid Mech.,134, 357–399.\nKubokawa, A. and K. Hanawa (1984a): A theory of semigeostrophic gravity waves and its application to the intrusion of a density current along a coast. Part 1. Semigeostrophic gravity waves.J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan,40, 247–259.\nKubokawa, A. and K. Hanawa (1984b): A theory of semigeostrophic gravity waves and its application to the intrusion of a density current along a coast. Part 2. Intrusion of a density current along a coast in a rotating fluid.J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan,40, 260–270.\nLandau, L. D. and E. M. Lifshitz (1987):Fluid Mechanics. Pergamon, 532 pp.\nLong, R. R. (1954): Some aspects of the flow of stratified fluids. II. Experiments with a two-fluid system.Tellus,6, 97–115.\nNof, D. (1984): Shock waves in currents and outflows.J. Phys. Oceanogr.,14, 1683–1702.\nNof, D. (1987): Penetrating outflows and the dam-breaking problem.J. Mar. Res.,45, 557–577\nPratt, L. J. (1983): On inertial flow over topography. Part 1. Semigeostrophic adjustment to an obstacle.J. Fluid Mech.,131, 195–218.\nPratt, L. J. (1987): Rotating shocks in a separated laboratory channel flow.J. Phys. Oceanogr.,17, 483–491.\nRøed, L. P. (1980): Curvature effects on hydraulically driven inertial boundary currents.J. Fluid Mechn.,96, 395–412.\nStern, M. E. (1980): Geostrophic fronts, bores, breaking and blocking waves.J. Fluid Mech.,99, 687–703.\nStern, M. E., J. A. Whitehead and B. L. Hua (1982) The intrusion of a density current along the coast of a rotating fluid.J. Fluid Mech.,123, 237–265.\nWhitham, G. B. (1974):Linear and Nonlinear Waves. Wiley & Sons, 636 pp.",{"VOID":1206},"10.1007\u002FBF02235667","2024-05-28T12:00:23.167+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02235667",[1210],{"id":1211,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1212,"affiliations":1213,"properties":1222,"displayName":1224,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"63641362-eb3d-4df5-8d2d-180127e1b86d",[244],[1214],{"id":1215,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1216,"properties":18},"27722197-78ba-43eb-8930-65edf610f40a",{"id":1215,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1217,"slug":18,"properties":1218,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1221,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1219},{"VI":1220},"Department of Geoscience, National Defense Academy, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan",[],{"title":1223},{"VI":1224},"Kiyoshi Maruyama",{"url":1208,"publisher":1226,"properties":1267},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1227,"slug":10,"properties":1228,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1231,"manageAffiliations":1236,"indexDatabases":1247,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1262,"gsStatistic":18,"type":213,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1229,"title":1230},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},[1232],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1233,"label":1234,"description":1235,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1237,1242],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1238,"slug":18,"properties":1239,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1241,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1240},{"EN":33},[35],{"id":37,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1243,"slug":18,"properties":1244,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1246,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1245},{"EN":41},[],[1248,1255],{"id":45,"indexDatabase":1249,"url":56,"indexYears":57,"academicFieldIds":1254,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":47,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1250,"label":1251,"description":1252,"key":53,"publicationTags":1253,"standard":18},[],{"EN":50,"VI":50},{"EN":50,"VI":52},[55],[59],{"id":61,"indexDatabase":1256,"url":18,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1261,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":63,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1257,"label":1258,"description":1259,"key":70,"publicationTags":1260,"standard":18},[],{"EN":66,"VI":66},{"EN":68,"VI":69},[72,73],[75],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1263,"i10Index":89,"i10IndexLast5Year":90,"totalPublication":91,"totalPublicationByYear":1264,"totalCitation":126,"totalCitationByYear":1265,"totalCitationPerPublication":165,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1266,"hindexLast5Year":122,"hindex":122},{"2012":78,"2013":79,"2014":80,"2015":81,"2016":82,"2017":83,"2018":84,"2019":85,"2020":80,"2021":86,"2022":87,"2023":88},{"1970":93,"1971":94,"1972":95,"1973":96,"1974":93,"1975":96,"1976":96,"1977":97,"1978":98,"1979":99,"1980":94,"1981":100,"1982":101,"1983":102,"1984":103,"1985":104,"1986":105,"1987":106,"1988":107,"1989":93,"1990":108,"1991":96,"1992":106,"1993":103,"1994":103,"1995":104,"1996":100,"1997":90,"1998":109,"1999":110,"2000":110,"2001":111,"2002":112,"2003":113,"2004":114,"2005":115,"2006":116,"2007":117,"2008":118,"2009":119,"2010":120,"2011":114,"2012":109,"2013":121,"2014":108,"2015":111,"2016":122,"2017":123,"2018":105,"2019":100,"2020":107,"2021":123,"2022":124,"2023":93,"2024":125},{"1970":97,"1971":90,"1972":128,"1973":104,"1974":129,"1975":116,"1976":130,"1977":131,"1978":110,"1979":132,"1980":133,"1981":134,"1982":135,"1983":136,"1984":112,"1985":137,"1986":110,"1987":138,"1988":139,"1989":140,"1990":93,"1991":141,"1992":142,"1993":143,"1994":144,"1995":145,"1996":146,"1997":147,"1998":148,"2003":96,"2004":149,"2005":150,"2006":151,"2007":152,"2008":153,"2009":154,"2010":155,"2011":156,"2012":157,"2013":158,"2014":156,"2015":159,"2016":160,"2017":161,"2018":112,"2019":162,"2020":109,"2021":163,"2023":164},{"1970":167,"1971":78,"1972":138,"1973":168,"1974":169,"1975":170,"1976":171,"1977":172,"1978":173,"1979":174,"1980":175,"1981":168,"1982":176,"1983":177,"1984":178,"1985":179,"1986":180,"1987":181,"1988":182,"1989":183,"1990":184,"1991":185,"1992":186,"1993":187,"1994":188,"1995":189,"1996":190,"1997":191,"1998":192,"2003":193,"2004":194,"2005":195,"2006":196,"2007":197,"2008":198,"2009":199,"2010":200,"2011":201,"2012":202,"2013":203,"2014":204,"2015":205,"2016":206,"2017":207,"2018":208,"2019":209,"2020":210,"2021":211,"2023":212},{"pages":1268,"volume":1270},{"VOID":1269},"139-169",{"VOID":1271},"52","1996-03-01",1996,"2026-07-20T08:50:57.214+00:00",[72],{"id":1277,"createTime":1278,"updateTime":1279,"relativeEntities":1280,"slug":1281,"properties":1282,"entityType":235,"verifyStatus":236,"verifyTime":1293,"verifyNote":238,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1294,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1295,"publicationType":301,"publisherRelationship":1358,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":1405,"publishDate":1408,"publishYear":1406,"citationAnalyzeStatus":457,"lastCitationAnalyze":1409,"indexDatabases":1410,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":357},"405e4267-d28f-413f-811e-1d02ad3a969b","2024-01-24T13:56:10.505+00:00","2026-07-18T03:08:18.639+00:00",[],"234Th-238U-disequilibrium-and-particulate-organic-carbon-export-in-the-northern-South-China-Sea",{"abstract":1283,"title":1285,"gsPaper":1287,"references":1289,"doi":1291},{"EN":1284},"We utilized 234Th, a naturally occurring radionuclide, to quantify the particulate organic carbon (POC) export rates in the northern South China Sea (SCS) based on data collected in July 2000 (summer), May 2001 (spring) and November 2002 (autumn). Th-234 deficit was enhanced with depth in the euphotic zone, reaching a subsurface maximum at the Chl-a maximum in most cases, as commonly observed in many oceanic regimes. Th-234 was in general in equilibrium with 238U at a depth of ∼100 m, the bottom of the euphotic zone. In this study the 234Th deficit appeared to be less significant in November than in July and May. A surface excess of 234Th relative to 238U was found in the summer over the shelf of the northern SCS, most likely due to the accumulation of suspended particles entrapped by a salinity front. Comparison of the 234Th fluxes from the upper 10 m water column between 2-D and traditional 1-D models revealed agreement within the errors of estimation, suggesting the applicability of the 1-D model to this particular shelf region. 1-D model-based 234Th fluxes were converted to POC export rates using the ratios of bottle POC to 234Th. The values ranged from 5.3 to 26.6 mmol C m−2d−1 and were slightly higher than those in the southern SCS and other oligotrophic areas. POC export overall showed larger values in spring and summer than in autumn, the seasonality of which was, however, not significant. The highest POC export rate (26.6 mmol C m−2d−1) appeared at the shelf break in spring (May), when Chl-a increased and the community structure changed from pico-phytoplankton (\u003C2 µm) dominated to nano-phytoplankton (2–20 µm) and micro-phytoplankton (20–200 µm) dominated.",{"EN":1286},"234Th\u002F238U disequilibrium and particulate organic carbon export in the northern South China Sea",{"VOID":1288},"[\"10580889768328683286\"]",{"VOID":1290},"Anderson, R. F. and A. P. Fleer (1982): Determination of natural actinides and plutonium in marine particulate material. Anal. Chem., 54, 1142–1147.\nBenitez-Nelson, C. R., K. O. Buesseler and G. Crossin (2000): Upper ocean carbon export, horizontal transport, and vertical eddy diffusivity in the southwestern Gulf of Maine. Cont. Shelf Res., 20, 707–736.\nBorges, A. V., B. Delille and M. Frankignoulle (2005): Budgeting sinks and sources of CO2 in the coastal ocean: Diversity of ecosystems counts. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, doi:10.1029\u002F2005GL023053.\nBuesseler, K., L. Ball, J. Andrews, C. Benitez-Nelson, R. Belastock, F. Chai and Y. Chao (1998): Upper ocean export of particulate organic carbon in the Arabian Sea derived from thorium-234. Deep-Sea Res. II, 45, 2461–2487.\nBuesseler, K. O. (1998): The decoupling of production and particulate export in the surface ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 12, 297–310.\nBuesseler, K. O., J. E. Andrews, S. M. Pike and M. A. Charette (2004): The effects of iron fertilization on carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean. Science, 304, 414–417.\nBuesseler, K. O., C. R. Benitez-Nelson, S. B. Moran, A. Burd, M. A. Charette, J. K. Cochran, L. Coppola, N. S. Fisher, S. W. Fowler, W. D. Gardner, L. D. Guo, O. Gustafsson, C. Lamborg, P. Masque, J. C. Miquel, U. Passow, P. H. Santschi, N. Savoye, G. Stewart and T. Trull (2006): An assessment of particulate organic carbon to thorium-234 ratios in the ocean and their impact on the application of 234Th as a POC flux proxy. Mar. Chem., 100, 213–233.\nCai, P., Y. Huang, M. Chen, G. Liu and Y. Qiu (2001): Export of particulate organic carbon estimated from 234Th-238U disequilibria and its temporal variation in the South China Sea. Chinese Sci. Bull., 46, 1722–1726 (in Chinese).\nCai, P., Y. Huang, M. Chen, L. Guo, G. Liu and Y. Qiu (2002): New production based on 228Ra-derived nutrient budgets and thorium-estimated POC export at the intercalibration station in the South China Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I, 49, 53–66.\nCai, P., M. Dai, D. Lv and W. Chen (2006a): An improvement in the small-volume technique for determining thorium-234 in seawater. Mar. Chem., 100, 282–288.\nCai, P., M. Dai, W. Chen, T. Tang and K. Zhou (2006b): On the importance of the decay of 234Th in determining size-fractionated C\u002F234Th ratio on marine particles. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, doi: 10.1029\u002F2006GL027792.\nCai, P., W. Chen, M. Dai, Z. Wan, D. Wang, Q. Li, T. Tang and D. Lv (2007): A high-resolution study of particle export in the southern South China Sea based on 234Th:238U disequilibrium. J. Geophys. Res. (in press).\nCai, P., M. Dai, D. Lv and W. Chen (2008): Reply to comment by Chin-Chang Hung et al. on “How accurate are 234Th measurements in seawater based on the MnO2-impregnated cartridge technique?”. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, doi:10.1029\u002F2007GC001837.\nCai, W. and M. Dai (2004): Comment on “Enhanced open ocean storage of CO2 from shelf sea pumping”. Science, 306, 1477C.\nCai, W., M. Dai, Y. Wang, W. Zhai, T. Huang, S. Chen, F. Zhang, Z. Chen and Z. Wang (2004): The biogeochemistry of inorganic carbon and nutrients in the Pearl River estuary and the adjacent Northern South China Sea. Cont. Shelf Res., 24, 1301–1319.\nCai, W., M. Dai and Y. Wang (2006): Air-sea exchange of carbon dioxide in ocean margins: A province-based synthesis. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, doi:10.1029\u002F2006GL026219.\nChao, S., P. Shaw and S. Wu (1996): Deep water ventilation in the South China Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I, 43, 445–466.\nCharette, M. A., S. B. Moran, S. M. Pike and J. N. Smith (2001): Investigating the carbon cycle in the Gulf of Maine using the natural tracer thorium-234. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 106, 11553–11579.\nChen, J., M. Wiesner, H. Wong, L. Zheng, L. Xu and S. Zheng (1999): Vertical changes of POC flux and indicators of early degradation of organic matter in the South China Sea. Sci. in China (Ser. D), 42, 120–128 (in Chinese).\nChen, M., Y. Huang, F. Chen, Y. Qiu, M. Xu and D. Jiang (1997): Particle dynamics in the euphotic zone-VI. The utility of tracer 234Th for studying particle dynamics in the upper water column of the Northeastern South China Sea. J. Tropical Oceanogr., 16, 91–103 (in Chinese).\nChen, Y. L. L. (2005): Spatial and seasonal variations of nitrate-based new production and primary production in the South China Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I, 52, 319–340.\nCoale, K. H. and K. W. Bruland (1987): Oceanic stratified euphotic zone as elucidated by 234Th:238U disequilibria. Limnol. Oceanogr., 32, 189–200.\nCochran, J. K., C. Barnes, D. Achman and D. T. Hirschberg (1995): Thorium-234\u002FUranium-238 disequilibrium as an indicator of scavenging rates and particulate organic carbon fluxes in the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 4399–4410.\nDagg, M., R. Benner, S. Lohrenz and D. Lawrence (2004): Transformation of dissolved and particulate materials on continental shelves influenced by large rivers: plume processes. Cont. Shelf Res., 24, 833–858.\nDai, M., W. Zhai, W. Cai, J. Callahan, B. Huang, S. Shang, T. Huang, X. Li, Z. Lu, W. Chen and Z. Chen (2007): Effects of an estuarine plume-associated bloom on the carbonate system in the lower reaches of the Pearl River estuary and the coastal zone of the northern South China Sea. Cont. Shelf Res. (in press).\nEppley, R. W. and B. J. Peterson (1979): Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep ocean. Nature, 282, 677–680.\nFang, W., P. Shi, Q. Mao and Z. Gan (2000): Variation of upper ocean in the northern South China Sea from mooring station observations. Acta Oceanol. Sinica, 22, 23–30 (in Chinese).\nFrankignoulle, M. and A. V. Borges (2001): European continental shelf as a significant sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 15, 569–576.\nGustafsson, O., K. O. Buesseler, W. R. Geyer, S. B. Moran and P. M. Gschwend (1998): An assessment of the relative importance of horizontal and vertical transport of particle-reactive chemicals in the coastal ocean. Cont. Shelf Res., 18, 805–829.\nHu, J., H. Kawamura, H. Hong and Y. Qi (2000): A review on the currents in the South China Sea: Seasonal circulation, South China Sea warm current and Kuroshio intrusion. J. Oceanogr., 56, 607–624.\nKnap, A., A. Michaels, A. Close, H. Ducklow and A. Dickson (1996): Protocols for the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) Core Measurements. JGOFS Report Nr. 19, vi+170 pp. Reprint of the IOC Manuals and Guides No. 29, UNESCO 1994.\nKu, T. L., K. G. Knauss and G. G. Mathieu (1977): Uranium in open ocean: Concentration and isotopic composition. Deep-Sea Res., 24, 1005–1017.\nLiang, Y., D. Yuan, Q. Li and Q. Lin (2006): Flow injection analysis of nanomolar level orthophosphate in seawater with solid phase enrichment and colorimetric detection. Mar. Chem., 103, 122–130.\nLiu, K. K., L. Atkinson, C. T. A. Chen, S. Gao, J. Hall, R. W. Macdonald, L. Talaue McManus and R. Quiñones (2000): Exploring continental margin carbon fluxes on a global scale. EOS, Trans., AGU, 81, 641–644.\nLiu, K. K., S. Y. Chao, P. T. Shaw, G. C. Gong, C. C. Chen and T. Y. Tang (2002): Monsoon-forced chlorophyll distribution and primary production in the South China Sea: observations and a numerical study. Deep-Sea Res. I, 49, 1387–1412.\nNing, X., F. Chai, H. Xue, Y. Cai, C. Liu and J. Shi (2004): Physical-biological oceanographic coupling influencing phytoplankton and primary production in the South China Sea. J. Geophys. Res., 109, doi: 10.1029\u002F2004JC002365.\nOkubo, A. (1971): Oceanic diffusion diagrams. Deep-Sea Res., 18, 789–802.\nParsons, T., Y. Maita and C. Lalli (1984). A Manual of Chemical and Biological Methods for Seawater Analysis. Pergamon Press, New York, 107–109, 115–122.\nPike, S. M., K. O. Buesseler, J. A. Andrews and N. Savoye (2005): Quantification of 234Th recovery in small volume sea water samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J. Radioanal. Nuclear Chem., 263, 355–360.\nPlatt, T., D. V. S. Rao and B. Irvin (1983): Photosynthesis of picoplankton in the oligotrophic ocean. Nature, 301, 702–704.\nRodriguez y Baena, A. M., J. C. Miquel, P. Masqué, P. P. Povinec and J. La Rosa (2006): A single vs. double spike approach to improve the accuracy of 234Th measurements in small-volume seawater samples. Mar. Chem., 100, 269–281.\nRutgers van der Loeff, M. M., K. Buesseler, U. Bathmann, I. Hense and J. Andrews (2002): Comparison of carbon and opal export rates between summer and spring bloom periods in the region of the Antarctic Polar Front, SE Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. II, 49, 3849–3869.\nSavoye, N., K. O. Buesseler, D. Cardinal and F. Dehairs (2004): 234Th deficit and excess in the Southern Ocean during spring 2001: particle export and mineralization. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, doi: 10.1029\u002F2004GL019744.\nShaw, P. and S. Chao (1994): Surface circulation in the South China Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I, 41, 1663–1683.\nTsunogai, S., S. Watanabe and T. 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tides in the Yellow Sea are calculated by integrating the shallow water wave equations with frictional and inertial terms. It is found that the results depend on the bottom friction. In the frictionless case the tidal range is unstably amplified because of the occurrence of resonance of the semi-diurnal tidal component in Inchon Bay. When the bottom friction is in the form of the square of velocity, the results agree fairly well with the observations. The following results are obtained. First, the tidal range is larger at the coast of the Korean Peninsula than at the China Coast. Second, resonance of the semi-diurnal tide occurs in Inchon Bay. Third, bottom friction is very important in the shallow ocean,i.e., when the bottom friction become large, the phase lag is retarded and the tidal range decreases. The amplitude and the phase lag calculated in this study agree well with the observations in the case ofΤ\n\n                  b\n                =γb\n2\nV¦V¦,γ\n\n                  b\n                \n2=0.0026, especially in the coast of the Korean Peninsula.",{"EN":1507},"A numerical experiment of the M2 tide in the Yellow sea",{"VOID":1509},"[\"11010260232818807148\"]",{"VOID":1511},"10.1007\u002FBF02110016","2024-05-01T11:43:52.646+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02110016",[1515],{"id":1516,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1517,"affiliations":1518,"properties":1527,"displayName":1529,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"796b93c6-2a71-4134-80bf-a087e2c7d5dd",[244],[1519],{"id":1520,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1521,"properties":18},"2d3f6e6c-1add-49fc-8140-06ba94336d6f",{"id":1520,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1522,"slug":18,"properties":1523,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1526,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1524},{"VI":1525},"Geophysical Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan",[],{"title":1528},{"VI":1529},"Hui Soo An",{"url":1513,"publisher":1531,"properties":1572},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1532,"slug":10,"properties":1533,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1536,"manageAffiliations":1541,"indexDatabases":1552,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1567,"gsStatistic":18,"type":213,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1534,"title":1535},{"VOID":13},{"VOID":15},[1537],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1538,"label":1539,"description":1540,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1542,1547],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1543,"slug":18,"properties":1544,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1546,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1545},{"EN":33},[35],{"id":37,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1548,"slug":18,"properties":1549,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1551,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1550},{"EN":41},[],[1553,1560],{"id":45,"indexDatabase":1554,"url":56,"indexYears":57,"academicFieldIds":1559,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":47,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1555,"label":1556,"description":1557,"key":53,"publicationTags":1558,"standard":18},[],{"EN":50,"VI":50},{"EN":50,"VI":52},[55],[59],{"id":61,"indexDatabase":1561,"url":18,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1566,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":63,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1562,"label":1563,"description":1564,"key":70,"publicationTags":1565,"standard":18},[],{"EN":66,"VI":66},{"EN":68,"VI":69},[72,73],[75],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1568,"i10Index":89,"i10IndexLast5Year":90,"totalPublication":91,"totalPublicationByYear":1569,"totalCitation":126,"totalCitationByYear":1570,"totalCitationPerPublication":165,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1571,"hindexLast5Year":122,"hindex":122},{"2012":78,"2013":79,"2014":80,"2015":81,"2016":82,"2017":83,"2018":84,"2019":85,"2020":80,"2021":86,"2022":87,"2023":88},{"1970":93,"1971":94,"1972":95,"1973":96,"1974":93,"1975":96,"1976":96,"1977":97,"1978":98,"1979":99,"1980":94,"1981":100,"1982":101,"1983":102,"1984":103,"1985":104,"1986":105,"1987":106,"1988":107,"1989":93,"1990":108,"1991":96,"1992":106,"1993":103,"1994":103,"1995":104,"1996":100,"1997":90,"1998":109,"1999":110,"2000":110,"2001":111,"2002":112,"2003":113,"2004":114,"2005":115,"2006":116,"2007":117,"2008":118,"2009":119,"2010":120,"2011":114,"2012":109,"2013":121,"2014":108,"2015":111,"2016":122,"2017":123,"2018":105,"2019":100,"2020":107,"2021":123,"2022":124,"2023":93,"2024":125},{"1970":97,"1971":90,"1972":128,"1973":104,"1974":129,"1975":116,"1976":130,"1977":131,"1978":110,"1979":132,"1980":133,"1981":134,"1982":135,"1983":136,"1984":112,"1985":137,"1986":110,"1987":138,"1988":139,"1989":140,"1990":93,"1991":141,"1992":142,"1993":143,"1994":144,"1995":145,"1996":146,"1997":147,"1998":148,"2003":96,"2004":149,"2005":150,"2006":151,"2007":152,"2008":153,"2009":154,"2010":155,"2011":156,"2012":157,"2013":158,"2014":156,"2015":159,"2016":160,"2017":161,"2018":112,"2019":162,"2020":109,"2021":163,"2023":164},{"1970":167,"1971":78,"1972":138,"1973":168,"1974":169,"1975":170,"1976":171,"1977":172,"1978":173,"1979":174,"1980":175,"1981":168,"1982":176,"1983":177,"1984":178,"1985":179,"1986":180,"1987":181,"1988":182,"1989":183,"1990":184,"1991":185,"1992":186,"1993":187,"1994":188,"1995":189,"1996":190,"1997":191,"1998":192,"2003":193,"2004":194,"2005":195,"2006":196,"2007":197,"2008":198,"2009":199,"2010":200,"2011":201,"2012":202,"2013":203,"2014":204,"2015":205,"2016":206,"2017":207,"2018":208,"2019":209,"2020":210,"2021":211,"2023":212},{"pages":1573,"volume":1575},{"VOID":1574},"103-110",{"VOID":1576},"33",70,{"total":1577,"publishYear":1579,"statisticByYear":1580},1977,{"1980":132,"1984":132,"1985":132,"1986":569,"1990":164,"1991":132,"1994":132,"1998":164,"1999":132,"2000":164,"2001":569,"2002":164,"2003":569,"2004":132,"2005":132,"2006":132,"2008":132,"2009":132,"2010":164,"2011":132,"2012":287,"2013":287,"2014":569,"2015":287,"2016":164,"2017":132,"2018":569,"2019":164,"2020":164,"2021":287,"2022":569,"2023":164,"2026":132},"1977-03-01","2026-07-15T17:08:44.402+00:00",[72],[1585,1588,1594,1597,1600,1603,1606,1609,1612,1615,1618,1621,1624,1627],{"id":18,"text":1586,"url":18,"identifiers":1587},"An, H.S. andS.W. Lee (1976): A numerical experiment on tidal current in Asan Bay. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea,11, 18–24.",{},{"id":1589,"text":1590,"url":1591,"identifiers":1592},"4c68646b-0035-4279-8000-0006b275d4fa","Dishon, M. (1964): Determination of average ocean depths from bathymetric data. Inter. Hydrogr. Review,XLI, 77–90.","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10440-022-00541-7",{"doi":1593},"10.1007\u002Fs10440-022-00541-7",{"id":1589,"text":1595,"url":1591,"identifiers":1596},"Hendershott, M.C. (1972): The effects of solid earth deformation on global ocean tides. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc.,29, 389–402.",{"doi":1593},{"id":1589,"text":1598,"url":1591,"identifiers":1599},"Hendershott, M.C. andA. Speranza (1971): Cooscillating tides in long, narrow bays; the Taylor problem revisited. Deep-Sea Res.,18, 959–980.",{"doi":1593},{"id":18,"text":1601,"url":18,"identifiers":1602},"Mathew, J.B. andJ. C. H. Mungall (1972): A numerical tidal model and its application to Cook Inlet, Alaska. J. Mar. Res.,30, 27–38.",{},{"id":18,"text":1604,"url":18,"identifiers":1605},"Ogura S. (1941): Tides (in Japanese). Iwanami Co., Tokyo, 252 pp.",{},{"id":18,"text":1607,"url":18,"identifiers":1608},"Pekeris, C. L. andY. Accad (1969): Solution of Laplace's equations for the M2 tide in the world oceans. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London,265, 413–436.",{},{"id":1589,"text":1610,"url":1591,"identifiers":1611},"Pnueli, A. andC. L. Pekeris (1968): Free tidal oscillations in rotating flat basins of the form of rectangles and of sectors of circles. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London,263, 149–171.",{"doi":1593},{"id":18,"text":1613,"url":18,"identifiers":1614},"Proudman, J. (1952): Dynamical Oceanography. Methuen & Co.Ltd., 36 Essex Street, Strand WC 2, 409 pp.",{},{"id":1589,"text":1616,"url":1591,"identifiers":1617},"Ueno T. (1964): Theoretical studies on tidal waves travelling over the rotating globe (1). Oceanogr. Mag.,15, 99–111.",{"doi":1593},{"id":18,"text":1619,"url":18,"identifiers":1620},"Ueno, T. (1964): Theoretical studies on tidal waves travelling over the rotating globe (2). Oceanogr. Mag.,16, 47–124.",{},{"id":18,"text":1622,"url":18,"identifiers":1623},"Unoki, S. andI. Isozaki (1965): Mean sea level in bays, with special reference to the mean slope of the sea surface due to the standing oscillation of tide. Oceanogr. Mag.,17, 11–35.",{},{"id":1589,"text":1625,"url":1591,"identifiers":1626},"Webb, D. J. (1976): A model of continental-shelf resonances. Deep-Sea Res.,23, 1–15.",{"doi":1593},{"id":18,"text":1628,"url":18,"identifiers":1629},"Zahel, W. (1970): Die reproduktion gezeitenbedingter bewegungsvorgaenge im Weltozean mittels des Hydrodynamisch Numerischen verfahrens. Mitteilungen des Institute für Meereskunde der UniversitÄt-Hamburg,17, 50 pp.",{},{"id":1631,"createTime":1632,"updateTime":1633,"relativeEntities":1634,"slug":1635,"properties":1636,"entityType":235,"verifyStatus":236,"verifyTime":1646,"verifyNote":238,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1647,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1648,"publicationType":301,"publisherRelationship":1663,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":1710,"publishYear":1711,"citationAnalyzeStatus":1187,"lastCitationAnalyze":1712,"indexDatabases":1713,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":357},"f82959ed-91b0-459a-814a-3e95ec2d2e6d","2024-01-19T02:29:17.410+00:00","2026-07-14T17:04:18.137+00:00",[],"Analysis-of-temporal-and-spatial-variability-of-phytoplankton-by-physical-biological-models",{"abstract":1637,"title":1639,"gsPaper":1641,"references":1642,"doi":1644},{"EN":1638},"I reviewed my research on analysis of temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton by physical-biological models. This paper was prepared for a lecture of the member awarded the Okada Prize for 1991 from the Oceanographical Society of Japan. Temporal change of phytoplankton in a local upwelling was studied by simulated upwelling experiments conducted with natural phytoplankton communities under natural surface light conditions. Results of the culture experiments was explained by a simple model. This model allows to predict the chlorophyll and nutrient concentration changes in a given upwelled water mass. Above model was verified by a local upwelling observed off Izu, Japan, on May, 1982. Phytoplankton growth and nutrient decrease in surface water of the local upwelling were observed within two days followed by decrease of phytoplankton concentration under depleted nutrient environment. The phytoplankton growth and nutrient decrease could explained by the model with phytoplankton removal rate of about half of the growth rate. Centric diatom was the dominant phytoplankton group and pennate diatom showed less abundance in the upwelled water. Pennate diatom showed fast growth rate when nutrient was abundant and fast decreasing rate after nutrient depleted. On the other hand, flagellate and monads showed relatively slow change of biomass under the change of nutrient concentrations. Furthermore, resting spore formation of centric diatom,Leptocylindrus danicus, was observed in a response to nutrient depletion. Temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton in the southeastern U.S. continental shelf ecosystem was studied by physical-biological models. First, differences of the biological responses to frontal eddy upwelling during spring and to intrusion during summer was considered by Lagrangian particle tracing experiments with optimally-interpolated flow fields. In spring, particles showed residence time of a few days; however, particles in summer intrusion stayed on the shelf nearly 30 days. It was concluded that difference of particle residence time of upwelled water make the difference of plankton communities. Similar flow fields and particle tracing experiments were used to trace the features in chlorophyll distributions during spring of 1980 derived by Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS). Phytoplankton patchness were created and deformed by frontal eddy events. Eularian physical-biological model was constructed to understand the CZCS-chlorophyll distributions. Statistical comparisons with series of numerical experiments indicate that horizontal advection is an important process for the chlorophyll distributions and that upwelling and associated phytoplankton growth are responsible for the across-shelf gradients and maintenance of concentrations. Furthermore, the CZCS data were assimilated to the model to improve the phytoplankton concentrations, and phytoplankton carbon flux across shelf was estimated. Processes causing the time changes of chlorophyll concentrations were estimated with the model and satellite data further indicated that the both physical and biological forcing is important for the time chages. Several other studies conducted presently were mentioned.",{"EN":1640},"Analysis of temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton by physical-biological models",{"VOID":1087},{"VOID":1643},"Abbott, M. R. and P. M. Zion (1985): Satellite observations of phytoplankton variability during an upwelling event. Cont. Shelf Res.,4, 661–680.\nAngel, M. V. and R. L. Smith, Ed. (1987): Summer upwelling on the southeastern continental shelf of the U.S.A. Prog. Oceanogr.,19, 222–441.\nAtkinson, L. P., D. W. Menzel and K. A. Bush, Ed. (1985): Oceanography of the southeastern U.S. continental Shelf. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 156 pp.\nAtkinson, L. P., J. O. Blanton, C. McClain, T. N. Lee, M. Takahashi, T. Ishimaru and J. Ishizaka (1987): Observations of upwelling around the Izu Peninsula, Japan: May 1982. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan,43, 89–103.\nDavis, C. O., D. L. R. Seibert, W. H. Thomas and P. J. Harrison (1980): Formation of resting spores byLeptocylindrus danicus (Bacillariophyceae) in a controlled experimental ecosystem. J. Phycol.,16, 296–302.\nDodson, A. N. and W. H. Thomas (1977): Marine phytoplankton growth and survival under simulated upwelling and oligotrophic conditions. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.,26, 153–161.\nFeldman, G., N. Kuring, C. Ng, W. Esaias, C. McClain, J. Elrod, N. Maynard, D. Endres, R. Evans, J. Brown, S. Walsh, M. Carle and G. Podesta (1989): Ocean color. Availability of the global data set. EOS,70, 634–641.\nFukushima, H. and J. Ishizaka: Special features and applications for CZCS data in Asian waters, In: Ocean Colour: Theory and Applications in a Decade of CZCS Experience. Kluwer Academic Press.\nFuruya, K., M. Takahashi and T. Nemoto (1986): Summer phytoplankton community structure and growth in a regional upwelling area off Hachijo Island, Japan. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.,96, 43–55.\nGarrison, D. L. (1981): Monterey Bay phytoplankton. II. Resting spore cycles in coastal diatom populations. J. Plankton Res.,3, 137–156.\nGarrison, D. L. (1984): Planktonic diatoms. p. 1–17. In: Marine Plankton Life Cycle Strategies, ed. by K. A. Steidinger and L. M. Walker, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.\nGordon, H. R., D. K. Clark, J. L. Mueller and W. A. Hovis (1980): Phytoplankton pigments from the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner: Comparisons with surface measurements. Science,210, 63–66.\nGordon, H. R., D. K. Clark, J. W. Brown, O. B. Brown, R. H. Evans and W. W. Broenkow (1983): Phytoplankton pigment concentrations in the Middle Atlantic Bight: Comparison of ship determinations and CZCS estimates. Appl. Opt.,22, 20–36.\nHaury, L. R., J. A. McGowan and P. H. Wiebe (1978): Patterns and processes in the time-space scales of plankton distributions. p. 277–327. In: Spatial pattern in plankton communities, ed. by J. H. Steele, Plenum Press.\nHofmann, E. E. (1988): Plankton dynamics on the outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf. Part III: A coupled physical-biological model. J. Mar. Res.,46, 919–946.\nHofmann, E. E. and J. Ambler (1988): Plankton dynamics on the outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf. Part II: A time-dependent biological model. J. Mar. Res.,46, 883–917.\nHofmann, E. E., L. J. Pietrafesa, J. M. Klinck and L. P. Atkinson (1980): A time-dependent model of nutrient distribution in continental shelf waters. Ecol. Model.10, 193–214.\nHovis, W. A., D. K. Clark, F. Anderson, R. W. Austin, W. H. Wilson, E. T. Baker, D. Ball, H. R. Gordon, J. L. Mueller, S. Z. El-Sayed, B. Sturm, R. C. Wrigley and C. S. Yentsch (1980): Nimbus - 7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner: system description and initial imagery. Science,210, 60–63.\nHurlburt, H. E. (1986): Dynamic transfer of simulated altimeter data into subsurface information by a numerical ocean model. J. Geophys. Res.,91, 2372–2400.\nIshizaka, J. (1990a): Coupling of Coastal Zone Color Scanner data to a physical-biological model of the southeastern U.S. continental shelf ecosystem. 1. CZCS data description and Lagrangian particle tracing experiments. J. Geophys. Res.,95, 20167–20181.\nIshizaka, J. (1990b): Coupling of Coastal Zone Color Scanner data to a physical-biological model of the southeastern U.S. continental shelf ecosystem. 2. An Eulerian model. J. Geophys. Res.,95, 20183–20199.\nIshizaka, J. (1990c): Coupling of Coastal Zone Color Scanner data to a physical-biological model of the southeastern U.S. continental shelf ecosystem. 3. Nutrient and phytoplankton fluxes and CZCS data assimilation. J. Geophys. Res.,95, 20167–20181.\nIshizaka, J. and E. E. Hofmann (1988): Plankton dynamics on the outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf. 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Takahashi: Chlorophyll distributions in regional upwelling around Izu Peninsula detected by Coastal Zone Color Scanner on May 1982. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan.\nKarweit, M. (1980): Optimal objective mapping: a technique for fitting surfaces to scattered data. p. 81–99. In: Advanced Concepts in Ocean Measurements for Marine Biology, ed. by F. P. Diemer, F. J. Veruberg and D. Z. Mirkes, Univ. South Carolina, Columbia.\nKishi, M. J., K. Nakata and K. Ishikawa (1981): Sensitivity analysis of a coastal marine ecosystem. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan.,37, 120–134.\nMcClain, C. R., L. J. Pietrafesa and J. A. Yoder (1984): Observations of Gulf Stream-induced and wind-driven upwelling in the Georgia Bight using ocean color and infrared imagery. J. Geophys. Res.,89, 3705–3723.\nMcClain, C. R., J. Ishizaka and E. E. Hofmann (1990): Estimation of the processes controlling variability in phytoplankton pigment distributions on the southeastern U.S. continental shelf. J. Geophys. 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