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Polymetallic nodules, manganese crusts, metalliferous sulphidic muds and massiveconsolidated sulphides might serve as exploitable sources of various metals, whilstphosporite deposits represent a further resource. The main types of waste targeted for deep-seadisposal are munitions, radioactive wastes, large offshore structures, sewage sludge anddredge spoils. Furthermore, it has recently been proposed to introduce hugequantities of carbon dioxide from industrial processes into the deep ocean in order tomitigate the greenhouse effect. A description of the different mineral resources and wastematerials is given, including information on the related technology and the status of thedumping and mining operations, respectively. The predicted effects of waste disposaland mining on the deep-seaenvironment are reviewed, possible impacts including removalof settling benthic substrate and mechanical stress exerted on soft bottomcommunities, plus impacts of sediment plumes, toxic materials and degradable organic matter.An overview of the major environmental studies in the deep sea is given. Twocategories of study can be discerned, research conducted after environmental impacts (e.g.,the monitoring of contamination by sewage sludge disposal off the New York Bight)and precautionary environmental studies on potential impacts threatening the deepsea environment in connection with its future human use (i.e., studies aiming toassess the possible effects of deep-sea mining). The development of large scale in-situexperiments was a new approach to the environmental risk assessment of nodule mining inthe deep sea. In the course of the DISCOL project in the south-east Pacific, the firstexperiment of this kind was implemented and monitored for three years. Another type oflarge-scale in-situexperimentation in the deep sea is represented by the BenthicImpact Experiments (BIEs) which have been conducted with similar experimental design by anumber of nations or multinational consortia. Since environmental impacts derivingfrom human penetration into the deep sea on an industrial scale are expected to besevere and long-lasting, a precautionary approach in the related environmental researchseems most appropriate. It is therefore proposed that environmental risk assessment in thedeep sea should rely on in-situ experiments which should start from a simulation ofsmall-scale impacts and proceed stepwise to the monitoring of a full-scale industrialoperation. At each stage impacts need to be evaluated thoroughly.",{"EN":73},"Environmental risk assessment of anthropogenic activity in the deep-sea",{"VOID":75},"[\"13648712958847427991\"]",{"VOID":77},"10.1023\u002FA:1009963912171","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","2024-09-01T11:30:36.063+00:00","Auto Verify",[83],"EN","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1009963912171","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Fcontent\u002Fpdf\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1009963912171.pdf",[87,102],{"id":88,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":89,"affiliations":90,"properties":99,"displayName":101,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"b14be0de-278a-490c-a592-635fa4586036",[],[91],{"id":92,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":93,"properties":22},"d0aa03d1-7404-4ce4-b3c2-ce64c058d943",{"id":92,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":94,"slug":22,"properties":95,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":98,"statistic":22},[],{"title":96},{"EN":97},"Friedrich-Kücken-Straße 7, Bleckede, Germany",[],{"title":100},{"EN":101},"Ahnert, Ahmed",{"id":103,"sortIndex":104,"researcher":22,"roles":105,"affiliations":106,"properties":115,"displayName":117,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"a3759043-f423-438a-844d-59bf6100093e",1,[],[107],{"id":108,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":109,"properties":22},"c1b2605a-6224-40ba-b998-0536ed50d003",{"id":108,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":110,"slug":22,"properties":111,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":114,"statistic":22},[],{"title":112},{"VI":113},"Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany",[],{"title":116},{"EN":117},"Borowski, Christian","ARTICLE",{"url":22,"publisher":120,"properties":140},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":121,"slug":10,"properties":122,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":126,"manageAffiliations":127,"indexDatabases":128,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":135,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":123,"title":124,"eissn":125},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[129],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":130,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":131,"label":132,"description":133,"key":36,"publicationTags":134,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":136,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":137,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":138,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":139,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"issue":141,"pages":143,"volume":145},{"VOID":142},"4",{"VOID":144},"299-315",{"VOID":146},"7",{"total":23,"publishYear":148,"statisticByYear":149},2000,{},"2000-10-01","ERROR_IN_ANALYZE_CITATION",[],[154,156,158,160,162,164,166,168,170,172,174,176,178,180,182,184,186,188,190,192,194,196,198,200,202,204,206,208,210,212,214,216,218,220,222,224,226,228,230,232,234,236,238,240,242,244,246,248,250,252,254,256,258,260,262,264,266,268,270,272,274,276,278,280,282,284,286,288,290,292,294,296,298,300,302,304,306,308,310,312,314,316,318,320,322,324,326,328,330,332,334,336,338,340,342,344,346,348,350,352,354,356,358,360,362,364,366,368,370,372,374,376,378,380,382,384,386,388,390,392,394,396,398,400,402],{"id":22,"text":155,"url":22,"identifiers":22},"citation_journal_title=Oceanus; citation_title=The ocean mining industry: A benefit for every risk?; citation_author=J. 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The ecological impacts of the U.S.–Russian Benthic Impact Experiment. Proceedings of the Second Ocean Mining Symposium Seoul, Korea, November 24–26, pp. 139–145.",{"id":22,"text":395,"url":22,"identifiers":22},"citation_journal_title=Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review; citation_title=Seasonality in the deep sea; citation_author=P. A. Tyler; citation_volume=26; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_pages=227-258; citation_id=CR121",{"id":22,"text":397,"url":22,"identifiers":22},"citation_journal_title=Deep-Sea Research; citation_title=Seasonal reproduction of Echinus affinis (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in the Rockall Trough, north-east Atlantic Ocean; citation_author=P. A. Tyler, J. D. Gage; citation_volume=31; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=387-402; citation_id=CR122",{"id":22,"text":399,"url":22,"identifiers":22},"Valent, P. J. & D. K. Young, 1995. Abyssal seafloor waste isolation: Environmental report. Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, NRL\u002FMR\u002F7401-95-7576, 479 pp.",{"id":22,"text":401,"url":22,"identifiers":22},"citation_journal_title=Nature; citation_title=Stable isotope evidence for entry of sewage-derived organic material into a deep-sea food web; citation_author=C. L. Van Dover, J. F. Grassle, B. Fry, R. H. Garritt, V. R. Starczak; citation_volume=360; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=153-156; citation_id=CR124",{"id":22,"text":403,"url":22,"identifiers":22},"Zaiger, K. K., 1994. Potential marine mining by in situ leaching and recovery of metals from cobalt-rich ferromanganese ocean crust. MTS 94 Conference Proceedings of the Marine Technology Society, Washington DC, pp. 226–232.",false,{"id":406,"createTime":407,"updateTime":408,"relativeEntities":409,"slug":410,"properties":411,"entityType":78,"verifyStatus":79,"verifyTime":422,"verifyNote":81,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"primaryUrl":423,"fullTextUrl":22,"authors":424,"publicationType":118,"publisherRelationship":441,"citationCount":22,"citationInfo":22,"publishDate":467,"publishYear":468,"citationAnalyzeStatus":469,"lastCitationAnalyze":22,"indexDatabases":470,"openAccess":22,"references":22,"isForceReanalyzing":404},"f28b5879-d5a0-4913-814a-e357802c8beb","2024-01-17T01:15:34.444+00:00","2026-07-14T08:55:53.975+00:00",[],"A-new-program-for-biomonitoring-status-and-trends-in-the-environment",{"abstract":412,"title":414,"gsPaper":416,"references":418,"doi":420},{"EN":413},"Environmental contaminants threaten the biological integrity of aquatic and semi-aquatic communities both inside and outside of U.S. National Wildlife Refuges (Refuges). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the U.S. National Biological Survey are developing a new biomonitoring program, the Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends (BEST) Program. The BEST Program is being designed to respond to the effects of contemporary environmental contaminant problems associated with fish and wildlife and their habitats. When fully operational, BEST will evaluate the effects of contaminants on fish and wildlife resources; identify and prioritize national, regional, and local contaminant issues for decision makers; monitor national trends of the presence and effects of contaminants; and provide baseline information to support various contaminant investigation activities. The BEST Program will use an integrated network to evaluate contaminant impacts at the tissue, organism, population, community, and ecosystem levels. The sampling approach will be designed around two major components, trust resources on FWS lands (primarily Refuges) and trust species and their habitats outside of FWS lands. The BEST Program is adopting bioassessment techniques from four broad categories including ecological surveys, biomarkers, bioassays and toxicity tests, and residue analysis. Pilot and demonstration projects will be conducted through fiscal year 1997.",{"EN":415},"A new program for biomonitoring status and trends in the environment",{"VOID":417},"[\"6963024789223982059\"]",{"VOID":419},"Albers, P. H., 1991. Oil spills and the environment: a review of chemical fate and biological effects of petroleum. In: J. White (ed.), The Effects of Oil on Wildlife, Sheridan Press, Hanover, Pennsylvania.\nAndreasen, J. K., 1990. Environmental contaminants: who's protecting wildlife. In: D. R. Ludwig (ed.), Wildlife Rehabilitation, Vol. 8, Proc. 8th Symp., Nat. Wildl. Rehab. Assoc., Ithaca, New York.\nChambers, J. R., 1991. Coastal degradation and fish population losses. In: Proc. Nat. Symp. Fish Habitat Conserv., Baltimore, Maryland, March 1991.\nEisler, R., 1985. Selenium hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrtes: a synoptic review. U. S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Biol. Rep. 85(1.5).\nJacknow, J., J. L. Ludke & N. C. Coon, 1986. Monitoring fish and wildlife for environmental contaminants: the national contaminant biomonitoring program. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Fish Wildl. Leaflet 4.\nMoore, S. B., J. Winkel, S. J. Detwiler, S. A. Klasing, P. A. Gaul, N. R. Kanim, B. E. Kesser, A. B. DeBevec, K. Beardsley & L. Puckett, 1990. Fish and wildlife resources and agricultural drainage in the San Joaquin Valley, California, Volume 1. San Joaquin Valley Drainage Program, Sacramento, California.\nSaiki, M. K., M. R. Jennings & S. J. Hamilton, 1991. Preliminary assessment of the effects of selenium in agricultural drainage on fish in the San Joaquin Valley. In: A. Dinar & D. Zilberman (eds), The Economics and Management of Water and Drainage in Agriculture. pp. 369–386. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, Massachusetts.\nUSFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), 1986. Contaminant issues of concern-National Wildlife Refuges. Division of Refuges, Arlington, Virginia.\nUSFWS, 1993. Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends (BEST) Program Detailed Plant, April 1993 Draft. Div. Environ. Contaminants.\nZylstra, S. J. & S. B. Smith, 1993. Managing impacts to fish and wildlife resources from irrigation drainwater. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Biol. Rep. (In review).",{"VOID":421},"10.1007\u002FBF00042937","2024-06-26T02:29:00.702+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00042937",[425],{"id":426,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":427,"affiliations":429,"properties":438,"displayName":440,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"18c26f9f-8fa7-4d51-b6ca-7e4509e5613f",[428],"AUTHOR",[430],{"id":431,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":432,"properties":22},"e198c8d9-e011-44cd-b7ce-6bf5a67bc153",{"id":431,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":433,"slug":22,"properties":434,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":437,"statistic":22},[],{"title":435},{"VI":436},"Mid-County Center, Environmental Contaminant Specialist, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, White Marsh, USA",[],{"title":439},{"VI":440},"Stephen J. Zylstra",{"url":423,"publisher":442,"properties":462},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":443,"slug":10,"properties":444,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":448,"manageAffiliations":449,"indexDatabases":450,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":457,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":445,"title":446,"eissn":447},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[451],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":452,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":453,"label":454,"description":455,"key":36,"publicationTags":456,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":458,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":459,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":460,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":461,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"pages":463,"volume":465},{"VOID":464},"81-85",{"VOID":466},"3","1994-06-01",1994,"DONE_GET_PLATFORM_ID",[41],{"id":472,"createTime":473,"updateTime":474,"relativeEntities":475,"slug":476,"properties":477,"entityType":78,"verifyStatus":79,"verifyTime":488,"verifyNote":81,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":489,"primaryUrl":490,"fullTextUrl":22,"authors":491,"publicationType":118,"publisherRelationship":533,"citationCount":23,"citationInfo":559,"publishDate":562,"publishYear":560,"citationAnalyzeStatus":21,"lastCitationAnalyze":563,"indexDatabases":564,"openAccess":22,"references":22,"isForceReanalyzing":404},"0e938213-e4fc-443e-80f6-e1f6c4a97bcc","2023-12-26T11:48:58.668+00:00","2026-07-13T18:53:04.692+00:00",[],"Applications-of-the-aquatic-higher-plant-Lemna-gibba-for-ecotoxicological-assessment",{"abstract":478,"title":480,"gsPaper":482,"references":484,"doi":486},{"EN":479},"Although higher plants represent a significant portion of the total biomass in some aquatic environments, their use in ecosystem evaluation has lagged behind that of other organisms. This is partly due to a lack of convenient aquatic higher plant systems that can be employed for ecotoxicological assessment. However, the aquatic C-3 monocot Lemna gibba has many attributes that makes it useful for ecosystem health assessment. In this report, using examples from the literature and our research, some of the applications Lemna has for environmental research are discussed. Toxicant impacts on Lemna can be readily assessed in terms of growth; the plants multiply quickly and changes in biomass (which doubles approximately every 2 days) can be accurately measured by counting leaves. The plants are small, allowing for simultaneous multiple replication. The small size also makes the lighting conditions easy to control; sunlight can be accurately simulated and specific spectral regions can be enhanced or deleted. Lemna is amenable to in vitro chlorophyll and photosynthesis assays, which make excellent companion endpoints for growth. The plants assimilate chemicals directly from the growth medium, facilitating controlled toxicant application. Furthermore, Lemna has a high bioconcentration capacity, indicating a potential for use in bioremediation technologies.",{"EN":481},"Applications of the aquatic higher plant Lemna gibba for ecotoxicological assessment",{"VOID":483},"[\"16705217888979631747\"]",{"VOID":485},"Ben-IzhakMonselise, E., D.Lost, D.Porath & M.Tal, 1987. 15N nuclear magnetic resonance study of ammonium ion assimilation by Lemna gibba L. New Phytol. 107: 341–345.\nBlackmanG. E. & R. C.Robertson-Cuninghame, 1955. Interrelationships between light intensity, temperature, and the physiological effects of 2:4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the growth of Lemna minor. J. Exper. Bot. 6: 156–176.\nBrunkD. G. & D.Rhodes, 1988. Amino acid metabolism of Lemna minor L. Plant Physiol. 87: 447–453.\nClarkJ. R., J. H.VanHassel, R. B.Nicholson, D. S.Cherry & J.CairnsJr., 1981. Accumulation and depuration of metals by duckweed (Lemna perpusilla). Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 5: 87–96.\nCulleyD. D.Jr., E.Rejmankova, J.Kvet & J. B.Frye, 1981. Production, chemical quality and use of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) in aquaculture, waste management and animal feeds. J. World Maricult. Soc. 12: 27–49.\nDamanakisM., 1970. A bioassay for the determination of low concentrations of Paraquat. Weed Res. 10: 77–80.\nDatkoA. H. & S. H.Mudd, 1985. Uptake of amino acids and other organic compounds by Lemna paucicostata Heglm 6746. Plant Physiol. 77: 770–778.\nDavisJ. J. & R. F.Foster, 1958. Bioaccumulation of radioisotopes through aquatic food chains. Ecology 39: 530–535.\nEdwardsN. T., 1983. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) in the terrestrial environment-A review. J. Environ. Qual. 12: 427–441.\nFassettC. N., 1972. A Manual of Aquatic Plants, 6th edn. Univ. Wisconsin Press, Madison. 405 pp.\nFrickH., 1985. Micronutrient tolerance and accumulation in the duckweed, Lemna. J. Plant Nutrit. 8: 1131–1145.\nGentileJ. M. & M. J.Plewa, 1988. The use of cell free systems in plant activation studies. Mutat. Res. 197: 116–117.\nGorhamP. R., 1941. Measurements of the response of Lemna to growth promoting substances. Amer. J. Bot. 28: 98–101.\nGreenbergB. M., V.Gaba, A. K.Mattoo & M.Edelman, 1987. Identification of a primary in vivo degradation product of the 32 Kd protein of photosystem II. Europ. Molec. Biol. Organ. J. 6: 2865–2869.\nGreenbergB. M., V.Gaba, O.Canaani, S.Malkin, A. K.Mattoo & M.Edelman, 1989. Separate photosensitizers mediate degradation of the 32-kDa photosystem II reaction center protein in the visible and UV spectral regions. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 86: 6617–6620.\nHillmanW. S., 1961. Experimental control of flowering in Lemna. 3. A relationship between medium composition and the opposite photoperiodic responses of L. perpusilla 6746 and L. gibba G3. Amer. J. Bot. 48: 413–419.\nHillmanW. S. & D. D.CulleyJr., 1978. The uses of duckweed. Amer. Sci. 66: 442–451.\nHuang, X.-D., D. G. Dixon & B. M. Greenberg, 1991. Photoinduced toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the higher plant Lemna gibba L. G-3. In: J. W. Gorsuch, W. R. Lower & K. R. St. John (eds), Plants for Toxicity Assessment: Vol. 2, Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, STP 1115: 209–216.\nHughes, J. S., M. M. Alexander & K. Balu, 1988. An evaluation of appropriate expressions of toxicity in aquatic plant bioassays as demonstrated by the effects of atrazine on algae and duckweed. In: W. J. Adams, G. A. Chapman & W. G. Landis (eds), Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment, Vol. 10. Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, STP 971: 531–547.\nHutner, S. H. 1953. Comparative physiology of heterotrophic growth. In: W. E. Loomis (ed.), Growth and Differentiation of Plants, pp. 417–446. Iowa State College Press.\nJacobsD. L., 1947. An ecological life history of Spirodela polyrrhiza (greater duckweed) with emphasis on the turion phase. Ecol. Monogr. 17: 437–469.\nKing, J. M. & K. S. Coley, 1985. Toxicity of aqueous extracts of natural and synthetic oils to three species of Lemna. In: R. C. Bahner & D. J. Hansen (eds) Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment, 8th Symposium. Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, STP 891: 302–309.\nKlaineS. J., 1985. Toxicity of coal gasifier solid waste to the aquatic plants Selenestrum capricornutum and Spirodela oligorrhiza. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 35: 551–555.\nKrullJ. N., 1969. Factors affecting die-offs in shallow water areas. Amer. Midl. Natur. 82: 293–295.\nLandoltE. & R.Kandeler, 1987. The Family of Lemnaceae. Veröff. Geobot. Inst. Eidg. Tech. Hochschule, Zurich.\nLevittJ., 1983. Responses of plant to environmental stresses. Academic Press, New York. 697 pp.\nLewinsohnE. & J.Gressel, 1983. The determination of chlorophylls a and b together with 14CO2 fixation in the same plant tissue samples. Anal. Biochem. 135: 438–442.\nLockhart, W. L., B. N. Billeck, B. G. E. de March & D. C. G. Muir, 1983. Uptake and toxicity of organic compounds; Studies with an aquatic macrophyte (Lemna minor). In: W. E. Bishop, R. D. Cardwell & B. B. Heidolph (eds), Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment, 6th Symposium. Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, STP 802: 460–468.\nMangiJ., K.Schmidt, J.Pankow, L.Gaines & P.Turner, 1978. Effects of chromium on some aquatic plants. Environ. Pollut. 16: 285–291.\nMannJ., 1983. Secondary Metabolism, 2nd edn. Oxford Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K.\nMattooA. K., H.Hoffman-Falk, J. B.Marder & M.Edelman, 1984. Regulation of protein metabolism: coupling of photosynthetic electron transport to in vivo degradation of the rapidly metabolized 32-kilodalton protein of the chloroplast membranes. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 81: 1380–1384.\nMoranR. & D.Porath, 1980. Chlorophyll determination in intact tissue using N,N'-dimethylformamide. Plant Physiol. 65: 478–479.\nMorganD. D., D.Warshawsky & T.Atkinson, 1977. The relationship between carcinogenic activities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their singlet, triplet, and singlet-triplet splitting energies and phosphorescence lifetimes. Photochem. Photobiol. 25: 31–38.\nMuirD. C. G., G. P.Rawn & N. P.Grift, 1985. Fate of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin in small ponds: a mass balance study. J. Agric. Food Chem. 33: 603–609.\nNeffJ. M., 1979. Accumulation and release of PAH by aquatic organisms. In: J. M.Neff, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment: Sources, Fates and Biological Effects, pp 152–195. Applied Science Publishers, London.\nNewstedJ. L. & J. P.Giesy, 1987. Predictive models for photoinduced acute toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to Daphna magna, Strauss (cladocera, Crustacea). Environ. Tox. Chem. 6: 445–461.\nPirsonA. & F.Seidel, 1950. Zell- und stoffwechselphysiolgische Untersuchungen an der Wurzel von Lemna minor L. unter besonderer Berucksichthung von Kalium-und Kalziummangel. Planta 38: 431–473.\nPorathD. & A.Kotan, 1977. Enhancement of protein production in fish ponds with duckweed (Lemnaceae). Israel J. Bot. 26:51.\nRodgersJr.J. H., D. S.Cherry & R. K.Guthrie, 1978. Cycling of elements in duckweed (Lemna perpusilla) in an ash settling basin and swamp drainage system. Water Res. 12: 765–770.\nRoweE. L., R. J.Ziobro, C. J. K.Wang & C. W.Dence, 1982. The use of an alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa and a duckweed Lemna perpusilla as test organisms for toxicity bioassays of spent bleaching liquors and their compounds. Environ. Pollut. 27: 289–296.\nRussell-HunterW. D., 1970. Aquatic Productivity. Macmillan, New York. 306pp.\nTreshowM. & F. K.Anderson, 1989. Plant Stress from Air Pollution. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 283 pp.\nTridechS., A. J.EnglandeJr., M. J.Herbert & R. F.Wilkinson, 1981. Tertiary wastewater treatment by the application of vascular aquatic plants. Chem. Water Reuse 2: 521–539.\nWang, W., 1985. Role of phytotoxicity tests in the derivation of numerical national water quality criteria. In: R. D. Cardwell, R. Purdy & R. C. Bahner (eds), Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment, 7th Symposium. Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, STP 854: 548–555.\nWangW., 1986. Toxicity tests of aquatic pollutants by using common duckweed. Environ. Pollut. 11: 1–14.\nWangW., 1990. Literature review on duckweed toxicity testing. Environ. Res. 52: 7–22.\nWangW. & J. M.Willaims, 1988. Screening an biomonitoring of industrial effluents using phytotoxicity tests. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 7: 645–652.\nWetzelR. G., 1983. Limnology, 2nd edn. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia. 767 pp.",{"VOID":487},"10.1007\u002FBF00044046","2024-05-15T02:32:29.254+00:00",2,"https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00044046",[492,507,520],{"id":493,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":494,"affiliations":495,"properties":504,"displayName":506,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"ef03d517-ae16-447a-bbd9-0f826d1b3338",[428],[496],{"id":497,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":498,"properties":22},"acb20ffc-44fb-4955-8eab-f149c789abf7",{"id":497,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":499,"slug":22,"properties":500,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":503,"statistic":22},[],{"title":501},{"VI":502},"Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada",[],{"title":505},{"VI":506},"Bruce M. Greenberg",{"id":508,"sortIndex":104,"researcher":22,"roles":509,"affiliations":510,"properties":517,"displayName":519,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"f9b4d0ef-4951-4191-ae5a-359d30a26450",[428],[511],{"id":497,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":512,"properties":22},{"id":497,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":513,"slug":22,"properties":514,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":516,"statistic":22},[],{"title":515},{"VI":502},[],{"title":518},{"VI":519},"Xino-Dong Huang",{"id":521,"sortIndex":489,"researcher":22,"roles":522,"affiliations":523,"properties":530,"displayName":532,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"105d5b23-65df-465d-a731-7fead1346973",[428],[524],{"id":497,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":525,"properties":22},{"id":497,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":526,"slug":22,"properties":527,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":529,"statistic":22},[],{"title":528},{"VI":502},[],{"title":531},{"VI":532},"D. George Dixon",{"url":490,"publisher":534,"properties":554},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":535,"slug":10,"properties":536,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":540,"manageAffiliations":541,"indexDatabases":542,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":549,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":537,"title":538,"eissn":539},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[543],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":544,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":545,"label":546,"description":547,"key":36,"publicationTags":548,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":550,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":551,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":552,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":553,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"pages":555,"volume":557},{"VOID":556},"147-155",{"VOID":558},"1",{"total":23,"publishYear":560,"statisticByYear":561},1992,{},"1992-06-01","2026-07-13T18:53:04.691+00:00",[41],{"id":566,"createTime":567,"updateTime":568,"relativeEntities":569,"slug":570,"properties":571,"entityType":78,"verifyStatus":79,"verifyTime":568,"verifyNote":81,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"primaryUrl":580,"fullTextUrl":22,"authors":581,"publicationType":118,"publisherRelationship":666,"citationCount":22,"citationInfo":22,"publishDate":692,"publishYear":693,"citationAnalyzeStatus":21,"lastCitationAnalyze":22,"indexDatabases":694,"openAccess":22,"references":22,"isForceReanalyzing":404},"945fb093-4bf1-4377-b540-cb904f36309d","2024-01-15T21:44:22.826+00:00","2025-02-26T23:40:42.093+00:00",[],"Towards-an-ecological-assessment-of-watercourses",{"abstract":572,"title":574,"references":576,"doi":578},{"EN":573},"Due to a fast decline in the ecological quality of watercourses combined with the threat of human functions, policy makers started to legislate water quality objectives for watercourses and to set up water purification programs. The description of universal quality objectives is too limited as a frame of reference and a policy only based on water quality cannot guarantee the goals of river restoration as a whole. In most countries the need for a more integrated approach of water management is growing. Water quantity must be managed together with water quality, surface water with groundwater, and the water economy with town and country planning. To restore and maintain the natural diversity of watercourses, together with the natural species richness, policy makers need a frame of reference based on the natural functioning of the ecosystem. The highest level of reference is called the ‘ecological naturalness’. Based on the present and the potential ecological value and on the intensity of human uses, policy makers together with a group of scientists should decide on the ecological quality objectives of watercourses. The lowest quality level that must be reached in all watercourses can be described as the ‘ecological basic quality’. Together with a frame of reference, there is a need for a refined ecological evaluation method for ecological quality as a whole, and especially to evaluate ‘potential ecological values’ in an objective way.",{"EN":575},"Towards an ecological assessment of watercourses",{"VOID":577},"Anon., 1987. Our Common Future. World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.\nAnon., 1989. Water voor nu en later, Derde Nota Waterhuishouding. Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat. SDU-drukkerij, Nederland. 68 pp.\nAnon., 1991. Rivierbekkenbeleid in Vlaanderen. Ministerie van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, Departement Leefmilieu en Infrastructuur — Administratie Milieu, Natuur en Landinrichting, Bestuur Algemeen Milieubeleid. 57 pp.\nAnt, H., H. J. Bauer, G. Friedrich, R. Hedtstück, K. Limpert, W. Pflug, R. Pott, K. Reschke, W. Schiller, H. H. Söhngen & E. Stähr, 1985. Bewertung des ökologischen Zustandes von FließLgewässern. Landesanstalt für ökologie, Landschaftsentwickelung und Forstplanung NW, Recklinghausen — Landesamt für Wasser und abfall NW, Düsseldorf, Woeste-Druck Verlag, Essen. 65pp.\nBervoets, L. & A. Schneiders, 1989. Onderzoek naar de verspreiding en de typologie van ecologisch waardevolle waterlopen in het Vlaamse Gewest. Algemene methodologie. Ministerie van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, AROL (Administratie Ruimtelijke Ordening en Leefmilieu), Bestuur Leefmilieu, Dienst Water- en Bodembeleid. 20 pp.\nBruylants, B., A. Vandelannoote & R. F. Verheyen, 1989. De vissen van onze Vlaamse beken en rivieren, hun ecologie, verspreiding en bescherming. WEL v.z.w., Antwerpen. 272 pp.\nDe Lange, L. & M. A.De Ruiter, 1977. Biologische waterbeoordeling. Hoofdstuk 4: Beoordeling van de waterkwaliteit op basis van het macrofytenbestand. Werkgroep Biologische Waterbeoordeling, Instituut voor Milieuhygiëne en Gezondheidstechniek, TNO, Delft. pp. 90–113.\nDe Lyon, M. J. H. & J. G. M. Roelofs, 1986. Waterplanten in relatie tot waterkwaliteit en bodemgesteldheid. Ministerie van Landbouw en Visserij, Landinrichtingsdienst, Katholieke Univ. Nijmegen. 106 pp.\nGardiner, J., 1989. The National Rivers Authority, note Thames Water Authority.\nGielis, R., 1987. Ruilverkaveling Poppel. Evaluatie van twee planalternatieven, deel 5: Effecten op het landschap, landschapsecologische benadering. Rapport Nationale Landmaatschappij.\nHaslam, S. M., 1978. The Macrophytic Vegetation of Watercourses, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. 396 pp.\nHaslam, S. M., 1987. River Plants of Western Europe. The Macrophytic Vegetation of Watercourses of the European Economic Community. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. 512 pp.\nHolmes, N. T. H., 1983. Typing British rivers according to their flora. Focus on nature conservation no. 4. Nature Conservancy Council, Shrewsbury.\nJohnson, S. P. & G. Corcelle, 1989. The Environmental Policy of the European Communities. International Environmental Law and Policy Series. Graham and Trotman, Kluwer Academic Publishers Group. 349 pp.\nKarr, J. R., 1991. Biological Integrity: A long-neglected aspect of water resource management. Ecol. Applic. 1(1): 66–84.\nLewis, G. & G. Williams, 1984. Rivers and wildlife handbook: a guide to practices which further the conservation of wildlife on rivers. Roy. Soc. Protect. Birds, and Roy. Soc. Nature Conserv. 295 pp.\nLogemann, D. & E. F. Choorl, 1988. Verbindingswegen voor plant en dier, Reeks Natuur en Milieu, nr. 23. Uitgave Stichting Natuur en Milieu, Utrecht\u002FAmsterdam. 75 pp.\nMetcalfe, J., 1989. Biological water quality assessment of running waters, based on macroinvertebrate communities: history and present state in Europe. Environ. Pollut. 60: 11–139.\nPeeters, E. T. H. M. & J. J. P. Gardeniers, 1992. Ecologisch beoordelingssysteem stromend water. Concept Eindverslag versie 4, maart 1992. Vakgroep Natuurbeheer Landbouwuniversiteit Wageningen. 59 pp.\nSchneiders, A. & C. Wils, 1991. Onderzoek naar de verspreiding en de typologie van ecologisch waardevolle waterlopen in het Vlaamse Gewest: het Dijlebekken. Ministerie van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap — AMINAL, Bestuur Algemeen Milieubeleid, Dienst Water en Bodem.\nSchneiders, A., E. Verhaert, L. Bervoets, J. Coeck & R. F. Verheyen, 1990. Ekologische kwaliteitsdoelstellingen voor waterlopen. Water nr. 50: 58–65.\nTer Brink, B. J. E. & S. H. Hosper, 1989. Naar toetsbare ecologische doelstellingen voor het waterbeheer: de AMOEBE-benadering. H2O 22(20): 12–17.\nVan Katwijk, M. M. & J. G. M. Roelofs, 1988. Vegetaties van waterplanten in relatie tot het milieu. Ministerie van Landbouw en Visserij, Landinrichtingsdienst. Katholieke Univ. Nijmegen. 133 pp.\nVerhaert, E. 1980. Het verband tussen het voorkomen van hogere planten en vervuiling in laaglandbeken behorende tot het bekken van de Kleine Nete. Licentiaatsver-handeling, Univ. Antwerp, Dep. Biol. 77 pp.\nVerhaert, E., A. Schneiders, G.De Blust, L. Bervoets, J. Coeck & R. F. Verheyen, 1990. Integraal Waterbeheer. Ruimtelijke planning 24, II.G.1.a.: 1–25.",{"VOID":579},"10.1007\u002FBF00043332","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00043332",[582,597,612,627,640,653],{"id":583,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":584,"affiliations":585,"properties":594,"displayName":596,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"8701ac44-2b9a-4bc6-95e0-4825e0061357",[428],[586],{"id":587,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":588,"properties":22},"77f58089-df58-49f3-87bb-08550e12d137",{"id":587,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":589,"slug":22,"properties":590,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":593,"statistic":22},[],{"title":591},{"VI":592},"Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, U.I.A., Wilrijk, Belgium",[],{"title":595},{"VI":596},"A. Schneiders",{"id":598,"sortIndex":104,"researcher":22,"roles":599,"affiliations":600,"properties":609,"displayName":611,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"b6f8bb7c-d137-4a48-868e-f32c7eb185f5",[428],[601],{"id":602,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":603,"properties":22},"cfbfe34b-23a3-457a-a5fd-60f31430c47d",{"id":602,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":604,"slug":22,"properties":605,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":608,"statistic":22},[],{"title":606},{"VI":607},"Flemish Land Improvement Authority, Herentals, Belgium",[],{"title":610},{"VI":611},"E. Verhaert",{"id":613,"sortIndex":489,"researcher":22,"roles":614,"affiliations":615,"properties":624,"displayName":626,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"72e3b5da-35ae-4155-9f46-e0b11c4a66a6",[428],[616],{"id":617,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":618,"properties":22},"8cfa4be9-8c26-46cd-acc6-6dd8be5b1149",{"id":617,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":619,"slug":22,"properties":620,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":623,"statistic":22},[],{"title":621},{"VI":622},"Institute of Nature Conservation, Hasselt, Belgium",[],{"title":625},{"VI":626},"G. D. Blust",{"id":628,"sortIndex":46,"researcher":22,"roles":629,"affiliations":630,"properties":637,"displayName":639,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"dd7e6c8f-4795-407f-92f1-0fa805ddcb6e",[428],[631],{"id":587,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":632,"properties":22},{"id":587,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":633,"slug":22,"properties":634,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":636,"statistic":22},[],{"title":635},{"VI":592},[],{"title":638},{"VI":639},"C. Wils",{"id":641,"sortIndex":53,"researcher":22,"roles":642,"affiliations":643,"properties":650,"displayName":652,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"66d74e54-1e94-41d3-932d-dfec9c26f559",[428],[644],{"id":587,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":645,"properties":22},{"id":587,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":646,"slug":22,"properties":647,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":649,"statistic":22},[],{"title":648},{"VI":592},[],{"title":651},{"VI":652},"L. Bervoets",{"id":654,"sortIndex":54,"researcher":22,"roles":655,"affiliations":656,"properties":663,"displayName":665,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"25202ad5-bfd0-4718-b963-c2747a2fdc3f",[428],[657],{"id":587,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":658,"properties":22},{"id":587,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":659,"slug":22,"properties":660,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":662,"statistic":22},[],{"title":661},{"VI":592},[],{"title":664},{"VI":665},"R. F. Verheyen",{"url":580,"publisher":667,"properties":687},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":668,"slug":10,"properties":669,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":673,"manageAffiliations":674,"indexDatabases":675,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":682,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":670,"title":671,"eissn":672},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[676],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":677,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":678,"label":679,"description":680,"key":36,"publicationTags":681,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":683,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":684,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":685,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":686,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"pages":688,"volume":690},{"VOID":689},"29-38",{"VOID":691},"2","1993-03-01",1993,[41],{"id":696,"createTime":697,"updateTime":698,"relativeEntities":699,"slug":700,"properties":701,"entityType":78,"verifyStatus":79,"verifyTime":698,"verifyNote":81,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"primaryUrl":710,"fullTextUrl":22,"authors":711,"publicationType":118,"publisherRelationship":794,"citationCount":22,"citationInfo":22,"publishDate":819,"publishYear":468,"citationAnalyzeStatus":21,"lastCitationAnalyze":22,"indexDatabases":820,"openAccess":22,"references":22,"isForceReanalyzing":404},"c354a467-ada0-407d-b52a-2a76c4f8a217","2024-01-04T22:28:05.736+00:00","2025-02-26T18:30:16.601+00:00",[],"An-ecological-risk-assessment-paradigm-using-the-Spatially-Integrated-model-for-Phosphorus-Loading-and-Erosion-SIMPLE-",{"abstract":702,"title":704,"references":706,"doi":708},{"EN":703},"Ecological risk assessments provide a probabilitistic approach to analyzing and predicting ecosystem responses to stress. We are evaluating the relationship between nonpoint source (NPS) phosphorus loading and the trophic status of the aquatic ecosystem. We are using SIMPLE (the Spatially Integrated Model for Phosphorus Loading and Erosion) to identify probable phosphorus sources in a watershed, simulate the phosphorus loading to streams, and analyze the relationships between input variables and their ecological impact. The objective of this paper is to describe a risk-based paradigm using SIMPLE to characterize the probability of exceeding a critical phosphorus loading to a lotic ecosystem. We have characterized the risk of exceeding a threshold loading of 0.5 kilogram total phosphorus per hectare per year from a 2238 hectare watershed. Two-hundred-fifty random SIMPLE simulations were performed to estimate annual total phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, and sediment-bound phosphorus loading to a lotic ecosystem from the watershed. Simulation results were analyzed statistically to determine the probabilities of exceeding the critical loadings. Based on the current land use practices in the Battle Creek watershed, the probability of exceeding the total phosphorus critical loading rate of 0.5 kg\u002Fha\u002Fyr was approximately 11 percent, or one year in nine the total annual loading will exceed the critical loading rate. The 95 percent confidence intervals for the total phosphorus loading occurring on average once in nine years were relatively close (0.45 to 0.60 kg\u002Fha\u002Fyr), assuming the only variability from year to year was due to natural variability in weather.",{"EN":705},"An ecological risk assessment paradigm using the Spatially Integrated model for Phosphorus Loading and Erosion (SIMPLE)",{"VOID":707},"Cairns, J.Jr. & P. V.McCormick, 1991. The use of community- and ecosystem-level end points in environmental hazard assessment: a scientific and regulatory evaluation. Environ. Audit. 2: 239–248.\nCairns, J.Jr. & B. R.Niederlehner, 1993. Ecological function and resilience: neglected criteria for environmental impact assessment and ecological risk analysis. The Environ. Professional 15: 116–124.\nCairns, J.Jr., B. R.Niederlehner & D. R.Orvos, 1992. Predicting Ecosystem Risk. Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Inc. Princeton, N.J., 347 pp.\nCairns, J. Jr. & J. R. Pratt, 1990. Integrating aquatic ecosystem resource management. Innovations in River Basin Management. In: R. McNeil & J. E. Windsor (eds), Canadian Water Resources Association. pp. 265–280. Cambridge, Ontario.\nChen, Z., D. E.Storm, M. E.Smolen, C. T.Haan, M. S.Gregory & G. J.Sabbagh, 1994. Prioritizing non-point source phosphorus loading using a GRASS-modeling system. Wat. Res. Bul. 30: 589–594.\nGakstater, J. H. & A.Katko, 1986. An Intensive Survey of the Illinois River (Arkansas and Oklahoma) in August 1985. Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN EPA\u002F600\u002F3–87\u002F040.\nHaan, C. T., 1977. Statistical Methods in Hydrology. The Iowa State University Press. Ames, Iowa. 0–8138–1510-X, 378 pp.\nHaan, C. T., B. J.Barfield & J. C.Hayes, 1994. Design Hydrology and Sedimentology for Small Catchments. Academic Press. New York. 0–12–312340–2, 588 pp.\nJarman, R., 1984. The development of aquatic ecoregions in Oklahoma. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oklahoma. Norman, OK. Minns, C. K., 1992. Use of models for integrated assessment of ecosystem health. J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Health 1: 109–118.\nRichardson, C. W. & D. A. Wright (1984). WGEN, A model for generating daily weather variables. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, ARS-8.\nSoil Conservation Service (SCS), 1992. Illinois River Cooperative Basin Resource Base Report, 1991. U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service and Forest Service. Stillwater, OK.\nStorm, D. E., G. J.Sabbagh, M. D.Smolen & C. T.Haan, 1993. A phosphorus model for NPS pollution prioritization. ASAE Paper No. 93–932074, ASAE. St. Joseph, MI.\nSuter, G. W., 1993. Ecological Risk Assessment. Lewis Publishers. Ann Arbor, 538 pp.\nUS Army Corps of Engineers, 1991. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System Users Reference Manual. Construction Engineering Research Laboratory. Champaign, IL.\nUS Environmental Protection Agency, 1993. Profiles in risk assessment. In: EPA Journal, Vol 19, No. 1. EPA 175-N-93-014.\nVollenweider, R. A. & J. J. Kerekes, 1980. Background and summary results of the OECD cooperative program on eutrophication. Restoration of lakes and inland waters, US Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 220-5-81-010.\nWischmeier, W. H. & D. D.Smith, 1978. Predicting rainfall losses — a guide to conservation planning. Agricultural Handbook No. 537, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.",{"VOID":709},"10.1007\u002FBF00115287","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00115287",[712,727,740,753,766,779],{"id":713,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":714,"affiliations":715,"properties":724,"displayName":726,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"e9951338-ff61-40e3-bc3b-2cbd3aa3934c",[428],[716],{"id":717,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":718,"properties":22},"3ec5dcc0-b704-4345-870c-d16804389973",{"id":717,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":719,"slug":22,"properties":720,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":723,"statistic":22},[],{"title":721},{"VI":722},"Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA",[],{"title":725},{"VI":726},"M. D. Matlock",{"id":728,"sortIndex":104,"researcher":22,"roles":729,"affiliations":730,"properties":737,"displayName":739,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"a23fab61-fcc1-4b77-8492-98071bdbafcb",[428],[731],{"id":717,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":732,"properties":22},{"id":717,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":733,"slug":22,"properties":734,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":736,"statistic":22},[],{"title":735},{"VI":722},[],{"title":738},{"VI":739},"D. E. Storm",{"id":741,"sortIndex":489,"researcher":22,"roles":742,"affiliations":743,"properties":750,"displayName":752,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"179107cd-7b3a-4272-8336-69671c7764d1",[428],[744],{"id":717,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":745,"properties":22},{"id":717,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":746,"slug":22,"properties":747,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":749,"statistic":22},[],{"title":748},{"VI":722},[],{"title":751},{"VI":752},"J. G. Sabbagh",{"id":754,"sortIndex":46,"researcher":22,"roles":755,"affiliations":756,"properties":763,"displayName":765,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"6b2a78e7-9501-4788-a26f-bd4bcb88d0ec",[428],[757],{"id":717,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":758,"properties":22},{"id":717,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":759,"slug":22,"properties":760,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":762,"statistic":22},[],{"title":761},{"VI":722},[],{"title":764},{"VI":765},"C. T. Haan",{"id":767,"sortIndex":53,"researcher":22,"roles":768,"affiliations":769,"properties":776,"displayName":778,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"bfbad42a-1cbd-4307-9db6-b8680bb27fe8",[428],[770],{"id":717,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":771,"properties":22},{"id":717,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":772,"slug":22,"properties":773,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":775,"statistic":22},[],{"title":774},{"VI":722},[],{"title":777},{"VI":778},"M. D. Smolen",{"id":780,"sortIndex":54,"researcher":22,"roles":781,"affiliations":782,"properties":791,"displayName":793,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"38e5dd46-8481-4ff2-8f7e-8978063c0aca",[428],[783],{"id":784,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":785,"properties":22},"7f3cba09-2562-4a59-8769-488f9d5cff8c",{"id":784,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":786,"slug":22,"properties":787,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":790,"statistic":22},[],{"title":788},{"VI":789},"Department of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA",[],{"title":792},{"VI":793},"S. L. Burks",{"url":710,"publisher":795,"properties":815},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":796,"slug":10,"properties":797,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":801,"manageAffiliations":802,"indexDatabases":803,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":810,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":798,"title":799,"eissn":800},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[804],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":805,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":806,"label":807,"description":808,"key":36,"publicationTags":809,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":811,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":812,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":813,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":814,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"pages":816,"volume":818},{"VOID":817},"287-294",{"VOID":466},"1994-12-01",[41],{"id":822,"createTime":823,"updateTime":824,"relativeEntities":825,"slug":826,"properties":827,"entityType":78,"verifyStatus":79,"verifyTime":824,"verifyNote":81,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"primaryUrl":836,"fullTextUrl":22,"authors":837,"publicationType":118,"publisherRelationship":853,"citationCount":22,"citationInfo":22,"publishDate":878,"publishYear":560,"citationAnalyzeStatus":21,"lastCitationAnalyze":22,"indexDatabases":879,"openAccess":22,"references":22,"isForceReanalyzing":404},"13bc9443-8302-4a9b-b45e-3a8e4dabeb1d","2023-12-02T09:16:04.657+00:00","2025-02-25T14:05:45.218+00:00",[],"Ecosystem-health-as-measured-from-the-molecular-to-the-community-level-of-organization-with-reference-to-sediment-bioassessment",{"abstract":828,"title":830,"references":832,"doi":834},{"EN":829},"The current recognition that chemical measurements are uncertain indicators of biological consequences of pollution has shifted the emphasis away from assessing environmental chemistry alone toward the inclusion of measurements of the health of organisms. Effects of pollutants begin with the individual, have subsequent repercussions on population level processes, and ramifications for community structure and functions. Pollutants act at a molecular level and the biochemical lesions is the first step in the manifestation of effects. Technologies that operate at the cellular level assist in elucidating toxicity. Higher levels of integration include an organism's capacity for growth. Laboratory bioassays andin situ research can monitor physiological incapacities and assist in predicting population level effects. A yet higher level of organization is that of the ecological community.",{"EN":831},"Ecosystem health as measured from the molecular to the community level of organization, with reference to sediment bioassessment",{"VOID":833},"Andersen, J. T. & E., Baatrup, 1988. Ultrastructural localization of mercury accumulations in the gills, hepatopancreas, midgut, and antennal glands of the brown shrimp,Crangon crangon. Aquat. Toxicol. 13: 309–324.\nAndersson, T., L., Forlin, J., Hardig & A., Larsson, 1988. Physiological disturbances in fish living in coastal water polluted with bleached kraft pulp mill effluents. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45: 1525–1536.\nAoki, Y., K. T., Suzuki & K., Kubota, 1984. Accumulation of cadmium and induction of its binding protein in the digestive tract of the fleshfly (Sarcophaga peregrina) larvae. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 77C: 279–282.\nBahnick, D. A., W. A. Swenson, T. P. Markee, D. J. Call & C. A. Anderson, 1981. Development of bioassay procedures for defining pollution of harbor sediments. Part 1. U.S. Environ. Protect. Agency, EPA-600\u002F3-81-025.\nBayne, B. L., M. N., Moore, J., Widdows, D. R., Livingstone & P., Salkeld, 1979. Measurement of the responses of individuals to environmental stress and pollution: Studies with bivalve molluscs. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B 286: 563–581.\nBorgmann, U. & M., Munawar, 1989. A new standardized sediment bioassay protocol using the amphipodHyalella azteca (Saussure). In: M., Munawar, G., Dixon, C. I., Mayfield, T., Reynoldson & M. H., Sadar (eds),Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application. Developments in Hydrobiology 54, pp. 425–531, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Reprinted from Hydrobiologia 188\u002F189.\nBorgmann, U., K. M., Ralph & W. P., Norwood, 1989. Toxicity test procedures forHyalella azteca and chronic toxicity of cadmium and pentachlorophenol toH. azteca, Gammarus fasciatus andDaphnia magna. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 18: 756–764.\nBrady & Sternberg, 1967. Studies onin vivo cholinesterase inhibition and poisoning symptoms in houseflies. J. Insect. Physiol. 13: 369–379.\nBrown, B. E., 1982. The form and function of metal-containing “granules” in invertebrate tissues. Biol. Rev. 57: 621–672.\nCairns, M. A., A. V., Nebeker, J. H., Gakstatter & W. L., Griffis, 1984. Toxicity of copper-spiked sediments to fresh-water invertebrates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 3: 435–446.\nChapman, P. M. 1986, Sediment quality criteria from the sediment quality triad: an example. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 5: 957–964.\nDallinger, R. & W., Wieser, 1984. Molecular fractionation of zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead in the midgut gland ofHelix pomatia L. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 79C: 117–124.\nDawson, D. A., E. F., Stebler, S. L., Burks & J. A., Bantle, 1988. Evaluation of the development toxicity of metal-contaminated sediment using short-term fathead minnow and frog embryo-larval assays. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 7: 27–34.\nDay, K. E. & I. M., Scott, 1990. Use of acetylcholinesterase activity to detect sublethal toxicity in stream invertebrates exposed to low concentrations of organophosphate insecticides. Aquat. Toxicol. 18: 101–114.\nDay, K. E., J. L., Metcalfe & S. P., Batchelor, 1990. Changes in intracellular free amino acids in tissues of the caged mussel,Elliptio complanata, exposed to contaminated environments. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 19: 816–827.\nDermott, R. & M., Munawar, 1992. A simple and sensitive assay for evaluation of sediment toxicity usingLumbriculus variegatus (Müller). In: B. T., Hart & P. G., Sly (eds),Sediment\u002FWater Interactions V. Developments in Hydrobiology 75, pp. 407–414. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Reprinted from Hydrobiologia 235\u002F236.\nDetra, R. L. & W. J., Collins, 1991. Relationship of parathion concentration, exposure time, cholinesterase inhibition and symptoms of toxicity in midge larvae (Chironomidae: Diptera). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10: 1089–1095.\nDixon, D. G., P. V. Hodson, J. F. Klaverkamp, K. M. Lloyd, & J. R. Roberts, 1985. The role of biochemical indicators in the assessment of aquatic ecosystem health — their development and validation. Nat. Res. Counc. Can. No. 24371, Ottawa, Ontario.\nDoherty, F. G., M. L., Failla & D. C., Cherry, 1987. Identification of a metallothionein-like heavy metal binding protein in the freshwater bivalve,Corbicula fluminea. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 87C: 113–120.\nEverard, L. B. & R., Swain, 1983. Isolation, characterization and induction of metallothionein in the stoneflyEusthenia spectabilis following exposure to cadmium. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 75C: 275–280.\nFischer, E., M., Lovas & L., Molnar, 1982. The effect of benzimidazole, carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides on the oxygen-dependent nuclear volume alterations in the chloragocyctes ofTubifex tubifex. Environ. Pollut (A) 28: 285–289.\nFrance, R. L., 1984. Comparative tolerance to low pH of three life stages of the crayfishOrconectes virilis. Can. J. Zool. 2360–2363.\nGagnon, J. E. & A. M., Beaton, 1971. Procedures for determining the effects of dredged sediments on biota-benthos viability and sediment selectivity tests. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 43: 392–398.\nGiesy, J. P. & R. A. Hoke, 1990. Freshwater sediment quality criteria: Toxicity bioassessment. In: R. Baudo, J. P. Giesy & H. Muntau (eds),Sediments: Chemistry and Toxicity of In-Place Pollutants. pp. 265–348. Lewis Publ. Inc.\nGiesy, J. P., R. L., Graney, J. L., Newsted, C. J., Rosiu, A., Benda, R. G., KreisJr. & F. J., Horvath, 1988. Comparison of three sediment bioassay methods using Detroit River sediments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 7: 483–498.\nGingrich, D., C. F., ShawII, L., Seidman & C., Remsen, 1984. A reductively labile cadmium-binding protein inDaphnia pulicaria. Mar. Environ. Res. 14: 454–455.\nGraney, R. L. & J. P., Giesy, 1987. The effect of short-term exposure to pentachlorophenol and osmotic stress on the free amino acid pool of the freshwater amphipodGammarus pseudolimnaeus Bousfield. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 16: 167–176.\nGraney, R. L. & J. P., Giesy, 1988. Alterations in the oxygen consumption, condition index and concentrations of free amino acids inCorbicula fluminea (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) exposed to sodium dodecyl sulfate. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 7: 301–315.\nGreen, T. H., 1979.Sampling Design and Statistical Methods for Environmental Biologists. J. Wiley and Sons, New York. 257 pp.\nHaux, C. & L., Forlin, 1988. Biochemical methods for detecting effects of contaminants on fish. Ambio 17: 376–380.\nHemelraad, J., D. A., Holwerda & D. I., Zandee, 1986. Cadmium kinetics in freshwater clams. I. The pattern of cadmium accumulation inAnodonta cygnia. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 15: 1–7.\nIJC (International Joint Commission), 1988. Procedures for the Assessment of Contaminated Sediment Problems in the Great Lakes. Report of the Sediment Subcommittee and the Assessment Work Group, 140 pp.\nKleinow, K. M., M. J., Melancon & J. J., Lech, 1987. Biotransformation and induction: implications for toxicity, bioaccumulation and monitoring of environmental xenobiotics in fish. Environ. Health Perspect. 71: 105–119.\nKrantzberg, G. & D., Boyd, 1992. The biological significance of contaminants in Hamilton Harbour sediment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11 (11): 1525–1538.\nKrantzberg, G. & R., Pope, 1989. Development of an acute and chronic sediment bioassay protocol using larval mayflies and juvenile fathead minnows. Proc. 15th Ann. Aquat. Toxicity Workshop, Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1714: 2–5.\nKrantzberg, G. & P. M., Stokes, 1989. Metal regulation, tolerance, and body burdens in the larvae of the genusChironomus. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46: 389–398.\nKrantzberg, G. & P. M., Stokes, 1990. Metal concentrations and tissue distribution in larvae ofChironomus with reference to x-ray microprobe analysis. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 19: 84–93.\nLeBlanc, G. A. & D. C., Surprenant, 1985. A method of assessing the toxicity of contaminated freshwater sediments. In: R. D., Cardwell, R., Purdy & R. C., Bahner (eds),Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Seventh Symposium, ASTM STP 854, Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, Philadelphia, pp. 269–283.\nLegendre, L. & P., Legendre, 1983.Numerical Ecology. Elsevier, New York. 419 pp.\nLuoma, S. N., 1983. Bioavailability of trace metals to aquatic organisms—a review. Sci. Total Environ. 28: 1–22.\nMarshall, A. T., 1983. X-ray microanalysis of copper and sulphur-containing granules in the fat body cells of homopteran insects. Tissue Cell 15: 311–315.\nMcCahon, C. P. & D., Pascoe, 1988. Cadmium toxicity to the freshwater amphipodGammarus pulex (L.) during the moult cycle. Freshw. Biol. 19: 197–203.\nMetcalfe, C. D. 1989. Tests for predicting carcinogenicity in fish. CRC Crit. Rev. Aquat. Sci. 1: 111–129.\nMetcalfe, J. L. 1989. Biological water quality assessment of running waters based on macroinvertebrate communities: History and present status in Europe. Environ. Pollut. 60: 101–139.\nMoriarty, F., 1988.Ecotoxicology. Academic Press, New York. 289 pp.\nMunawar, M., R. L. Thomas, H. Shear, P. McGee & A. Murdroch, 1984. An overview of sediment-associated contaminants and their bioasessment. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1253.\nMunawar, M., I. F., Munawar, C. I., Mayfield & L. H., McCarthy, 1989. Probing ecosystem health: a multidisciplinary and multi-trophic assay strategy. In: M., Munawar, G., Dixon, C. I., Mayfield, T., Reynoldson & M. H., Sadar (eds),Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application. Developments in Hydrobiology 54, pp. 93–116. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Reprinted from Hydrobiologia 188\u002F189.\nNaylor, C., L., Maltby & P., Callow, 1989. Scope for growth inGammarus pulex, a freshwater benthic detritivore. In: M., Munawar, G., Dixon, C. I., Mayfield, T., Reynoldson & M. H., Sadar (eds),Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application. Developments in Hydrobiology 54, pp. 517–523. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Reprinted from Hydrobiologia 188\u002F189.\nNebeker, A. V., M. A., Cairns, J. H., Gakstater, K. W., Malueg, G. S., Schuytema & D. F., Krawczyk, 1984. Biological methods for determining toxicity of contaminated freshwater sediments to invertebrates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 3: 617–630.\nNRCC (National Research Council of Canada). 1985. Publ. No. 24371.\nPayne, J. F., L. L., Fancey, A. D., Rahimtaula & E. L., Porter, 1987. Review and perspectives on the use of mixed-function oxygenase enzymes in biological monitoring. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 86C: 223–245.\nPersaud, D., R. Jaagumagi and A. Hayton, 1992. Guidelines for the Protection and Management of Aquatic Sediment Quality in Ontario. Report of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, ISBN 0-7729-9248-7. 26 pp.\nPeters, R. A., 1969. The biochemical lesion and its historical development. British Med. Bull. 25: 223–226.\nPowlesland, C. & J., George, 1986. Acute and chronic toxicity of nickel to larvae ofChironomus riparis. Environ. Pollut. 42: 47–64.\nProsi, F. & H., Back, 1985. Indicator cells for heavy metal uptake and distribution in organs from selected invertebrate animals. Internat. Conf. Heavy Metals Environ. Athens, Vol. 2: pp. 242–244.\nRedpath, K. J., 1985. Growth inhibition and recovery in mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed to low copper concentrations. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 65: 421–431.\nReynoldson, T. B., S. P. Thompson & J. L. Bamsey, 1990. A sediment bioassay using the tubificid oligochaete wormTubifex tubifex. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. in press.\nRodgers, K., J. Vogt, V. Cairns, D. Boyd, L. Simser, C. Selby, H. Lang, T. Murphy & S. Painter, 1989. Remedial Action Plan for Hamilton Harbour. Environmental Conditions and Problem Definition. Burlington, Ontario. 162 pp.\nSandheinrich, M. B. & G. J., Atchison, 1990. Sublethal toxicant effects on fish foraging behaviour: empirical vs. mechanistic approaches. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9: 107–119.\nSwartz, R. C., W. A., DeBen, J. K. P., Jones, J. O., Lamberson & F. A., Cole, 1985. Phoxocephalid amphipod bioassay for marine sediment toxicity. Aquatic toxicology and hazard assessment. Seventh Symposium, Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, STP 854, pp. 284–307.\nViarengo, A., M., Pertica, G., Mancinelli, S., Palmero, C., Zanicchi & M., Orunesu, 1982. Evaluation of general and specific stress indices in mussels collected from populations subjected to different levels of heavy metal pollution. Mar. Environ. Res. 6: 235–243.\nViarengo, A., M. N., Moore, M., Pertica, G., Mancinelli, G., Zanicchi & R. K., Pipe, 1985. Detoxification of copper in the cells of the digestive gland of mussel: the role of lysosomes and thioneins. Sci. Total Environ. 44: 135–145.\nWalton, B. T., T. A., Anderson, M. S., Hendricks & S. S., Talmage, 1989. Physicochemical properties as predictors of organic chemical effects on soil microbial respiration. Environ. Toxicol Chem. 8: 53–63.\nWarwick, W. F., 1985. Morphological abnormalities in Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae as measures of toxic stress in freshwater ecosystems: indexing antennal deformities inChironomus Meigen. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42: 1881–1914.\nWarwick, W. F., 1990. Morphological abnormalities in Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae from the Lac St. Louis and Laprairie basins of the St. Lawrence River. J. Great Lakes Res. 16: 185–208.\nWashington, H. G., 1984. Diversity biotic and similarity indices: A review with species relevant to aquatic ecosystems. Water Res. 18: 653–694.\nWeiderholm, T., A. M., Weiderholm & G., Milbrink, 1987. Bulk sediment bioassays with five species of freshwater oligochaetes. Water, Air and Soil Pollut. 36: 131–154.\nWilliamson, P., 1979. Opposite effects of age and weight on cadmium concentrations of a gastropod mollusc. Ambio 8: 30–31.\nYamamura, M., K. T., Suzuki, S., Hatakeyama & K., Kubota, 1983. Tolerance to cadmium and cadmium-binding proteins induced in the midge larva,Chironomus yoshimatsui (Diptera, Chironomidae). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 75C: 21–24.",{"VOID":835},"10.1007\u002FBF00044173","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00044173",[838],{"id":839,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":840,"affiliations":841,"properties":850,"displayName":852,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"b89706dc-a904-4519-89a1-ad86a261f611",[428],[842],{"id":843,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":844,"properties":22},"d85f09d6-c090-45a7-9abe-9890834106d7",{"id":843,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":845,"slug":22,"properties":846,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":849,"statistic":22},[],{"title":847},{"VI":848},"Water Resources Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, Canada",[],{"title":851},{"VI":852},"Gail 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contents for part 2 of Stress in Marine Communities",{"VOID":890},"10.1023\u002FA:1017270020014","Author title is 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new diatoms from Blakeney Point (Norfolk)",{"VOID":931},"10.1007\u002FBF00189799","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00189799",[934],{"id":935,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":936,"affiliations":937,"properties":955,"displayName":957,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"5b3d5b10-61f1-4482-a243-54048d79dbfa",[428],[938,946],{"id":939,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":940,"properties":22},"7da58525-56bc-4f7f-9323-710ecab6dd4d",{"id":939,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":941,"slug":22,"properties":942,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":945,"statistic":22},[],{"title":943},{"VI":944},"University College, London, UK.",[],{"id":947,"sortIndex":104,"affiliation":948,"properties":954},"8b844007-72a1-4166-80f7-bc99cec30c10",{"id":947,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":949,"slug":22,"properties":950,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":953,"statistic":22},[],{"title":951},{"VI":952},"Institute of Hydrobiology, Alexandria, Egypt",[],{},{"title":956},{"VI":957},"M. M. Salah",{"url":932,"publisher":959,"properties":979},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":960,"slug":10,"properties":961,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":965,"manageAffiliations":966,"indexDatabases":967,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":974,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":962,"title":963,"eissn":964},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[968],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":969,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":970,"label":971,"description":972,"key":36,"publicationTags":973,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":975,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":976,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":977,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":978,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"pages":980,"volume":982},{"VOID":981},"88-102",{"VOID":146},"1955-06-01",1955,[],{"id":987,"createTime":988,"updateTime":989,"relativeEntities":990,"slug":991,"properties":992,"entityType":78,"verifyStatus":79,"verifyTime":989,"verifyNote":81,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"primaryUrl":1001,"fullTextUrl":22,"authors":1002,"publicationType":118,"publisherRelationship":1044,"citationCount":22,"citationInfo":22,"publishDate":467,"publishYear":468,"citationAnalyzeStatus":21,"lastCitationAnalyze":22,"indexDatabases":1069,"openAccess":22,"references":22,"isForceReanalyzing":404},"54128f1b-bf06-40d3-b3b9-27524c29f807","2024-02-17T04:15:59.224+00:00","2025-02-24T09:58:50.885+00:00",[],"Automated-biomonitors-first-line-of-defense",{"abstract":993,"title":995,"references":997,"doi":999},{"EN":994},"Automated biomonitors operate on a real-time basis and utilize living organisms as the sensors. Traditionally, chemical monitors have been used to assess water quality. However, biological monitors respond to a greater number of toxic conditions. An overview of the various automated biomonitors, assessed by the types of biological sensors employed, is presented. The sensors used include bacteria, algae, invertebrates, and fish. Of all the systems, those monitoring the ventilatory behavior of fish have evolved the furthest with respect to their research, development, commercial availability, and field testing.",{"EN":996},"Automated biomonitors — first line of defense",{"VOID":998},"Batac-Catalan, Z. & D. S. White, 1983. Effects of chromium on larval chironomidae as determined by the optical-fiber light interruption biomonitoring systems. In: W. E. Bishop, R. D. Cardwell & B. B. Heidolf (eds), Aquat. Toxicol. & Haz. Assess.: Sixth Symposium. pp. 469–481. ASTM, Philadelphia.\nBenecke, G., W. Falke & C. Schmidt, 1982. Use of algal fluorescence for an automated biological monitoring system. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 28: 385–395.\nBulich, A. A., 1979. Use of luminescent bacteria for determining toxicity in aquatic environments. In: L. L. Marking & R. A. Kimerle (eds), Aquat. Toxicol. ASTM STP 667: 98–106.\nCairns, J.Jr., 1990. The genesis of biomonitoring in aquatic ecosystems. The Environmental Professional 12: 169–176.\nDorward, E. J. & B. G. Barisas, 1984. Acute toxicity screening of water pollutants using a bacterial electrode. Environ. Sci. Technol. 18: 967–972.\nEwen, R., 1987. Biological Testing for Toxicity Control in Open Waters. Endress & Hauser, Germany.\nGeller, W., 1984. A toxicity warning monitor using weakly electric fish, Gnathonemus petrsii. Water Res. 18: 1285–1290.\nGruber, D., 1988. A historical perspective. In: D. Gruber & J. M. Diamond (eds), Automated Biomonitoring: Living Sensors as Environmental Monitors. pp. 15–20. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.\nGruber, D., J. M. Diamond & M. J. Parson, 1991. Automated biomonitoring. Environ. Auditor. 2(4): 229–238.\nHeinis, F., K. R. Timmermans & W. R. Swain, 1990. Short-term lethal effects of cadmium on the filter feeding chironomid larva Glyptotendipes pallens (Meigen) (Diptera). Aquat. Toxicol. 16: 73–86.\nHolland, G. J. & A. Green, 1975. Development of a groos pollution detector: Laboratory studies. Water Treatment Examination 4: 81–99.\nKleerekoper, H., D. Gruber & J. Malis, 1975. Accuracy of localization of a chemical stimulus in flowing and stagnant water by the nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum. J. Comp. Physiol. 98: 257–275.\nKorver, R. M. & J. B. Sprague, 1988. A real-time computerized video tracking system to monitor locomotor behavior. In: D. S. Gruber & J. M. Diamond (eds), Automated Biomonitoring: Living Sensors as Environmental Monitors. pp. 157–171. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.\nKramer, K. J. M., H. A. Jenner & D. Zwart, 1989. The valve movement response of mussels: A tool in biological monitoring. Hydrobiologia 188\u002F189 (Dev. Hydrobiol. 54): 433–443.\nMartin, J. V., 1988. Biomonitoring of polluted waters: Three systems. In: D. S. Gruber & J. M. Diamond (eds), Automated Biomonitoring: Living Sensors as Environmental Monitors. pp. 172–181. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.\nMorgan, E. L., R. C. Young & J. R. Wright, 1988. Developing portable computer-automated biomonitoring for a regional water quality surveillance network. In: D. S. Gruber & J. M. Diamond (eds), Automated Biomonitoring: Living Sensors as Environmental Monitors. pp. 127–144. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.\nMorgan, W. S. G., 1977. An electronic system to monitor the effects of changes in water quality on fish operulum rhythms. In: J. Cairns, K. L. Dickson & G. F. Westlake (eds), Biological Monitoring of Water and Effluent Quality, Amer. Soc. Test. Materials, Spec. Tech. Pub. 607: 38–55.\nPoels, C. L. M., 1975. Continuous automatic monitoring of surface water with fish. Water Treatment Examination 24: 46–56.\nSmith, E. H. & H. C. Bailey, 1988. Development of a system for continuous biomonitoring of a domestic water source for early warning of contaminants. In: D. S. Gruber & J. M. Diamond (eds), Automated Biomonitoring: Living Sensors as Environmental Monitors. pp. 182–205. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.\nSprague, J. B., 1964. Avoidance of copper-zinc solutions by young salmon in the laboratory. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 36: 990–1004.\nU.S. EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency), 1991. Technical Support Document for Water Quality-based Toxics Control. Off. Water Regulations and Standards, Washington, D.C. EPA\u002F505\u002F2–90–001.\nU.S. EPA, 1992. Guidance on Interpretation and Implementation of Aquatic Life Criteria for Metals. Off. Sci. Technol. Washington, D.C.\nVan Hoof, F., 1980. Evaluation of an automatic system for detection of toxic substances in surface water using trout. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 25: 221–225.",{"VOID":1000},"10.1007\u002FBF00042938","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00042938",[1003,1018,1031],{"id":1004,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":1005,"affiliations":1006,"properties":1015,"displayName":1017,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"ca8e268c-e46e-43cf-a884-4f9e0e4fc540",[428],[1007],{"id":1008,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":1009,"properties":22},"49e2f7ec-4976-4307-98e9-794ea27e13f2",{"id":1008,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":1010,"slug":22,"properties":1011,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":1014,"statistic":22},[],{"title":1012},{"VI":1013},"Biological Monitoring, Inc., Blacksburg, USA",[],{"title":1016},{"VI":1017},"D. Gruber",{"id":1019,"sortIndex":104,"researcher":22,"roles":1020,"affiliations":1021,"properties":1028,"displayName":1030,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"0a69f2b9-b647-4142-b6c5-d6b8c3c9d16c",[428],[1022],{"id":1008,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":1023,"properties":22},{"id":1008,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":1024,"slug":22,"properties":1025,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":1027,"statistic":22},[],{"title":1026},{"VI":1013},[],{"title":1029},{"VI":1030},"C. H. Frago",{"id":1032,"sortIndex":489,"researcher":22,"roles":1033,"affiliations":1034,"properties":1041,"displayName":1043,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"73662f95-b9c9-47d4-8290-3bb99f78ae2d",[428],[1035],{"id":1008,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":1036,"properties":22},{"id":1008,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":1037,"slug":22,"properties":1038,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":1040,"statistic":22},[],{"title":1039},{"VI":1013},[],{"title":1042},{"VI":1043},"W. J. Rasnake",{"url":1001,"publisher":1045,"properties":1065},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1046,"slug":10,"properties":1047,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":1051,"manageAffiliations":1052,"indexDatabases":1053,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":1060,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":1048,"title":1049,"eissn":1050},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[1054],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":1055,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":1056,"label":1057,"description":1058,"key":36,"publicationTags":1059,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":1061,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":1062,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":1063,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1064,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"pages":1066,"volume":1068},{"VOID":1067},"87-92",{"VOID":466},[41],{"id":1071,"createTime":1072,"updateTime":1073,"relativeEntities":1074,"slug":1075,"properties":1076,"entityType":78,"verifyStatus":79,"verifyTime":1073,"verifyNote":81,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":489,"primaryUrl":1085,"fullTextUrl":22,"authors":1086,"publicationType":118,"publisherRelationship":1117,"citationCount":22,"citationInfo":22,"publishDate":562,"publishYear":560,"citationAnalyzeStatus":21,"lastCitationAnalyze":22,"indexDatabases":1142,"openAccess":22,"references":22,"isForceReanalyzing":404},"dc0879d0-839d-4eae-b3a8-9007c3c56b2d","2023-12-27T07:23:11.734+00:00","2025-02-24T07:33:57.630+00:00",[],"Towards-defining-aquatic-ecosystem-health-for-the-Great-Lakes",{"abstract":1077,"title":1079,"references":1081,"doi":1083},{"EN":1078},"The Canada — U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement defines Areas of Concern as geographic areas that fail to meet the general or specific objectives of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement where such failure has caused or is likely to cause impairment of beneficial use or the area's ability to support aquatic life. Impairment of beneficial use is defined by the Agreement as a change in the physical, chemical or biological integrity sufficient to cause any one of 14 designated use impairments. In 1987 the International Joint Commission's Great Lakes Water Quality Board (GLWQB) recommended that criteria be developed to determine when ecosystem conditions have been impacted enough to warrant designation as an Area of Concern and when conditions have improved sufficiently to be delisted. Based on scientific input and policy considerations, the GLWQB adopted, in principle, a set of quantitative and qualitative listing\u002Fdelisting criteria for each of the 14 use impairments. These criteria can be uniformly applied throughout the basin. Further, the GLWQB recommended future refinement of these criteria based on advances in science and public input.",{"EN":1080},"Towards defining aquatic ecosystem health for the Great Lakes",{"VOID":1082},"American Public Health Association, 1989. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 17th edn. Washington, D.C. 1624 pp.\nCanada & the United States, 1972. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Signed at Ottawa, Ontario, 15 April 1972.\nCanada & the United States, 1987. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Signed at Toledo, Ohio, 18 November 1987.\nHartigJ. H. & R. L.Thomas, 1988. Development of plants to restore degraded areas in the Great Lakes. Environ. Managem. 12: 327–347.\nHartigJ. H. & J. R.Vallentyne, 1989. Use of an ecosystem approach to restore degraded areas of the Great Lakes. AMBIO 18(8): 423–428.\nHartigJ. H., D. E.Rathke & D. J.Williams, 1990a. How clean is clean in Great Lakes Areas of Concern?: Report from the 1988 IAGLR Symposium. J. Great Lakes Res. 16: 169–179.\nHartig, J. H., L. Lovett-Doust & P. Seidl, 1990b. Successes and challenges in developing and implementing remedial action plans to restore degraded areas of the Great Lakes. In: J. E. FitzGibbon (ed.), International and Transboundary Water Resources Issues. Amer. Water Resources Assoc. TPS-90-1: 269–278.\nHenry, M. G., 1988. Invertebrate bioassays: How can they help us determine “How Clean is Clean?”. Pap. Pres. 31st Conf. Internat. Assoc. Great Lakes Res., McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario.\nHowison R., 1989. A summary of water quality data from Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania. Report to Great Lakes Water Quality Board, Internat. Joint Comm., Windsor, Ontario.\nIJC (International Joint Commission), 1985. Report on Great Lakes Water Quality. Great Lakes Water Quality Board, Windsor, Ontario.\nIJC, 1987a. Report on Great Lakes Water Quality. Great Lakes Water Quality Board, Windsor, Ontario.\nIJC, 1987b. Guidance on characterization of toxic substances problems in Areas of Concern in the Great Lakes Basin. Great Lakes Water Quality Board, Windsor, Ontario.\nIJC, 1988. Procedures for the assessment of contaminated sediment problems in the Great Lakes. Sediment Subcommittee, Great Lakes Water Quality Board, Windsor, Ontario.\nIJC, 1989. Progress in developing and implementing remedial action plans for Areas of Concern in the Great Lakes Basin. App. A. Great Lakes Water Quality Board, Windsor, Ontario.\nIJC, 1990. News release on Erie Harbor, Pennsylvania. Washington, D.C.\nKubiak, T. J., 1988. Wildlife health in the Great Lakes: An epidemiological approach as the ultimate judge of “How Clean is Clean?”. Pap. Pres. 31st Conf. Internat. Assoc. Great Lakes Res., McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario.\nMac, M. J. & S. B. Smith, 1988. Expected tumor incidence rates in fish from clean sites. Pap. Pres. 31st Conf. Internat. Assoc. Great Lakes Res., McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario.\nMack, P. J., 1988. Cleanliness: Perspectives of a persuaded population. Pap. Pres. 31st Conf. Internat. Assoc. Great Lakes Res., McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario.\nManny, B. A. & R. D. Pacific, 1988. Restoration of fish and wildlife habitat in Great Lakes Areas of Concern. Pap. Pres. 31st Conf. Internat. Assoc. Great Lakes Res., McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario.\nMDNR (Michigan Department of Natural Resources), 1977. Michigan's water quality standards: Revisions from 1968 to 1977. Lansing, Michigan.\nMDNR, 1987. Remedial action plan for Deer Lake Area of Concern. Lansing, Michigan.\nMiller, T. J., 1988. “How Clean is Clean?” from a fish\u002Fwildlife\u002Fhabitat perspective. Plenary Pres. 31st Conf. Internat. Assoc. Great Lakes Res., McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario.\nOntario Ministry of the Environment, 1984. Water management: Goals, policies, objectives, and implementation procedures of the Ministry of the Environment. Toronto, Ontario.\nReynoldson, T. B., 1988. Benthic invertebrates as ecosystem objectives. Pap. Pres. 31st Conf. Internat. Assoc. Great Lakes Res., McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario.\nWiemeyerS. N., T. G.Lamont, C. M.Bunck,C. R.Sindelar, F. J.Gramlick, J. D.Fraser & M. A.Byrd, 1984. Organocholrine pesticide, polychlorinated biphenyl and mercury residues in bald eagle eggs-1969–1979-and their relationship to shell-thinning and reproduction. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 13: 529–549.\nWisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR), 1987. Lower Green Bay Remedial Action Plan. Pub-WR-175-87. Madison, Wisconsin.",{"VOID":1084},"10.1007\u002FBF00044041","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00044041",[1087,1102],{"id":1088,"sortIndex":23,"researcher":22,"roles":1089,"affiliations":1090,"properties":1099,"displayName":1101,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"06fec4e7-67f2-4348-bffe-11a75405f494",[428],[1091],{"id":1092,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":1093,"properties":22},"5c82cb28-2b5f-47fb-ae65-7100e22e9306",{"id":1092,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":1094,"slug":22,"properties":1095,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":1098,"statistic":22},[],{"title":1096},{"VI":1097},"International Joint Commission, Windsor, Canada",[],{"title":1100},{"VI":1101},"John H. hartig",{"id":1103,"sortIndex":104,"researcher":22,"roles":1104,"affiliations":1105,"properties":1114,"displayName":1116,"givenName":22,"familyName":22},"e03361a2-0c9b-45e0-b437-ce853a82893a",[428],[1106],{"id":1107,"sortIndex":23,"affiliation":1108,"properties":22},"347baf14-2fe2-4c44-903a-8c7e54966243",{"id":1107,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":1109,"slug":22,"properties":1110,"entityType":22,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":22,"url":22,"parentIds":1113,"statistic":22},[],{"title":1111},{"VI":1112},"National Water Research Institute, Lakes Research Branch, Burlington, Canada",[],{"title":1115},{"VI":1116},"Michael A. Zarull",{"url":1085,"publisher":1118,"properties":1138},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1119,"slug":10,"properties":1120,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":21,"verifyTime":22,"verifyNote":22,"languages":22,"translateLanguages":22,"viewCount":23,"subjectFields":1124,"manageAffiliations":1125,"indexDatabases":1126,"url":22,"thumbnailPath":22,"statistic":1133,"gsStatistic":22,"type":58,"analyzePriority":22},[],{"issn":1121,"title":1122,"eissn":1123},{"VOID":15},{"EN":17},{"VOID":13},[],[],[1127],{"id":28,"indexDatabase":1128,"url":39,"indexYears":40,"academicFieldIds":22,"indexDatabaseRanking":41},{"id":30,"createTime":22,"updateTime":22,"relativeEntities":1129,"label":1130,"description":1131,"key":36,"publicationTags":1132,"standard":22},[],{"EN":33,"VI":33},{"EN":33,"VI":35},[38],{"impactFactor":23,"impactFactorByYear":1134,"i10Index":23,"i10IndexLast5Year":23,"totalPublication":44,"totalPublicationByYear":1135,"totalCitation":23,"totalCitationByYear":1136,"totalCitationPerPublication":23,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1137,"hindexLast5Year":23,"hindex":23},{},{"1950":46,"1951":46,"1955":47,"1992":48,"1993":49,"1994":50,"1995":51,"1996":52,"1997":53,"1998":54,"2000":49,"2001":52,"2002":55},{},{},{"pages":1139,"volume":1141},{"VOID":1140},"97-107",{"VOID":558},[41]]