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We applied a site evaluation approach combining Lagrangian Stochastic footprint modeling with a quality assessment approach for eddy-covariance data to 25 forested sites of the CarboEurope-IP network. The analysis addresses the spatial representativeness of the flux measurements, instrumental effects on data quality, spatial patterns in the data quality, and the performance of the coordinate rotation method. Our findings demonstrate that application of a footprint filter could strengthen the CarboEurope-IP flux database, since only one third of the sites is situated in truly homogeneous terrain. Almost half of the sites experience a significant reduction in eddy-covariance data quality under certain conditions, though these effects are mostly constricted to a small portion of the dataset. Reductions in data quality of the sensible heat flux are mostly induced by characteristics of the surrounding terrain, while the latent heat flux is subject to instrumentation-related problems. The Planar-Fit coordinate rotation proved to be a reliable tool for the majority of the sites using only a single set of rotation angles. 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Climatol., 80, 121–141, 2005.",{"doi":1416},"10.1007\u002Fs00704-004-0095-y",{"id":23,"text":1418,"url":23,"identifiers":1419},"Reichstein, M., Ciais, P., Papale, D., Valentini, R., Running, S., Viovy, N., Cramer, W., Granier, A., Ogee, J., Allard, V., Aubinet, M., Bernhofer, C., Buchmann, N., Carrara, A., Grünwald, T., Heimann, M., Heinesch, B., Knohl, A., Kutsch, W., Loustau, D., Manca, G., Matteucci, G., Miglietta, F., Ourcival, J. M., Pilegaard, K., Pumpanen, J., Rambal, S., Schaphoff, S., Seufert, G., Soussana, J. F., Sanz, M. J., Vesala, T., and Zhao, M.: Reduction of ecosystem productivity and respiration during the European summer 2003 climate anomaly: a joint flux tower, remote sensing and modelling analysis, Global Change Biol., 13, 634–651, 2007a.",{"doi":1420},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2486.2006.01224.x",{"id":23,"text":1422,"url":23,"identifiers":1423},"Reichstein, M., Papale, D., Valentini, R., Aubinet, M., Bernhofer, C., Knohl, A., Laurila, T., Lindroth, A., Moors, E., Pilegaard, K., and Seufert, G.: Determinants of terrestrial ecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covariance flux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2006GL027880, 2007b.",{"doi":1424},"10.1029\u002F2006GL027880",{"id":23,"text":1426,"url":23,"identifiers":1427},"Schmid, H. P. and Oke, T. R.: Estimating the source area of a turbulent flux measurement over a patchy surface, in: Proceedings of the 8th Symposium on Turbulence and Diffusion, Boston, MA, American Meteorological Society, pp. 123–126, 1988.",{},{"id":23,"text":1429,"url":23,"identifiers":1430},"Schmid, H. P.: Source areas for scalars and scalar fluxes, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 67, 293–318, 1994.",{"doi":1431},"10.1007\u002FBF00713146",{"id":23,"text":1433,"url":23,"identifiers":1434},"Schmid, H. P.: Experimental design for flux measurements: matching scales of observations and fluxes, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 87, 179–200, 1997.",{"doi":1435},"10.1016\u002FS0168-1923(97)00011-7",{"id":23,"text":1437,"url":23,"identifiers":1438},"Schmid, H. P. and Lloyd, C. R.: Spatial representativeness and the location bias of flux footprints over inhomogeneous areas, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 93, 195–209, 1999.",{"doi":1439},"10.1016\u002FS0168-1923(98)00119-1",{"id":23,"text":1441,"url":23,"identifiers":1442},"Schmid, H. P.: Footprint modeling for vegetation atmosphere exchange studies: a review and perspective, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 113, 159–183, 2002.",{"doi":1443},"10.1016\u002FS0168-1923(02)00107-7",{"id":23,"text":1445,"url":23,"identifiers":1446},"Schuepp, P. H., Leclerc, M. Y., MacPherson, J. I., and Desjardins, R. L.: Footprint prediction of scalar fluxes from analytical solutions of the diffusion equation, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 50, 355–373, 1990.",{"doi":1447},"10.1007\u002FBF00120530",{"id":23,"text":1449,"url":23,"identifiers":1450},"Siebicke, L.: Energie- und Kohlendioxidaustauschmessungen in einer Korkeichensavanne, Diploma Thesis, Department of Micrometeorology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, 130 pp, 2007.",{},{"id":23,"text":1452,"url":23,"identifiers":1453},"Thomas, C. and Foken, T.: Re-evaluation of Integral Turbulence Characteristics and their Parameterisations, in: Proceedings of the 15th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, Wageningen, The Netherlands, American Meteorological Society, pp. 129–132, 2002.",{},{"id":23,"text":1455,"url":23,"identifiers":1456},"Thomson, D. J.: Criteria for the selection of stochastic models of particle trajectories in turbulent flows, J. Fluid Mech., 180, 529–556, 1987.",{"doi":1457},"10.1017\u002FS0022112087001940",{"id":23,"text":1459,"url":23,"identifiers":1460},"Valentini, R., Matteucci, G., Dolman, A. J., Schulze, E.-D., Rebmann, C., Moors, E. J., Granier, A., Gross, P., Jensen, N. O., Pilegaard, K., Lindroth, A., Grelle, A., Bernhofer, C., Grünwald, T., Aubinet, M., Ceulemans, R., Kowalski, A. S., Vesala, T., Rannik, Ü., Berbigier, P., Loustau, D., Guomundsson, J., Thorgeirsson, H., Ibrom, A., Morgenstern, K., Clement, R., Moncrieff, J., Montagnani, L., Minerbi, S., and Jarvis, P. G.: Respiration as the main determinant of carbon balance in European forests, Nature, 404, 861–865, 2000.",{"doi":1461},"10.1038\u002F35009084",{"id":23,"text":1463,"url":23,"identifiers":1464},"Wang, Y. P., Baldocchi, D., Leuning, R., Falge, E., and Vesala, T.: Estimating parameters in a land-surface model by applying nonlinear inversion to eddy covariance flux measurements from eight FLUXNET sites, Global Change Biol., 13, 652–670, 2007.",{"doi":1465},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2486.2006.01225.x",{"id":23,"text":1467,"url":23,"identifiers":1468},"Webb, E. K., Pearman, G. I., and Leuning, R.: Correction of flux measurements for density effects due to heat and water vapour transfer, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 106, 85–100, 1980.",{"doi":1469},"10.1002\u002Fqj.49710644707",{"id":23,"text":1471,"url":23,"identifiers":1472},"Wilczak, J. M., Oncley, S. P., and Stage, S. A.: Sonic anemometer tilt correction algorithms, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 99, 127–150, 2001.",{"doi":1473},"10.1023\u002FA:1018966204465",{"id":23,"text":1475,"url":23,"identifiers":1476},"Wilson, J. D., Legg, B. J., and Thomson, D. J.: Calculation of particle trajectories in the presence of a gradient in turbulent-velocity variance, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 27, 163–169, 1983.",{"doi":1477},"10.1007\u002FBF00239612",{"id":23,"text":1479,"url":23,"identifiers":1480},"Wilson, J. D. and Sawford, B. L.: Review of Lagrangian stochastic models for trajectories in the turbulent atmosphere, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 78, 191–210, 1996.",{"doi":1481},"10.1007\u002FBF00122492",{"id":23,"text":1483,"url":23,"identifiers":1484},"Wilson, K. B., Baldocchi, D. D., Aubinet, M., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Dolman, H., Falge, E., Field, C., Goldstein, A., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Halldor, T., Hollinger, D., Katul, G., Law, B. E., Lindroth, A., Meyers, T., Moncrieff, J., Monson, R., Oechel, W., Tenhunen, J., Valentini, R., Verma, S., Vesala, T., and Wofsy, S.: Energy partitioning between latent and sensible heat flux during the warm season at FLUXNET sites, Water Resour. Res., 38, 1294, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2001WR000989, 2002.",{"doi":1485},"10.1029\u002F2001WR000989",{"id":23,"text":1487,"url":23,"identifiers":1488},"Wyngaard, J. C., Coté, O. R., and Izumi, Y.: Local free convection, similarity and the budgets of shear stress and heat flux, J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1171–1182, 1971.",{"doi":1489},"10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1971)028\u003C1171:LFCSAT>2.0.CO;2",{"id":23,"text":1491,"url":23,"identifiers":1492},"Yuan, W., Liu, S., Zhou, G., Zhou, G., Tieszen, L. L., Baldocchi, D., Bernhofer, C., Gholz, H., Goldstein, A. H., Goulden, M. L., Hollinger, D. Y., Hu, Y., Law, B. E., Stoy, P. C., Vesala, T., and Wofsy, S. C.: Deriving a light use efficiency model from eddy covariance flux data for predicting daily gross primary production across biomes, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 143, 189–207, 2007.",{"doi":1493},"10.1016\u002Fj.agrformet.2006.12.001",false,{"id":1496,"createTime":1497,"updateTime":1497,"relativeEntities":1498,"slug":1499,"properties":1500,"entityType":136,"verifyStatus":137,"verifyTime":1497,"verifyNote":138,"syncStatus":22,"languages":1512,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24,"primaryUrl":1513,"fullTextUrl":23,"authors":1514,"publicationType":1179,"publisherRelationship":1608,"citationCount":961,"citationInfo":1646,"publishDate":23,"publishYear":23,"citationAnalyzeStatus":22,"lastCitationAnalyze":23,"indexDatabases":23,"openAccess":23,"references":1648,"isForceReanalyzing":1494},"eb88edb6-f722-4413-87f9-3f3156e36aa9","2024-12-10T23:23:00.753+00:00",[],"Modelling-post-fire-vegetation-recovery-in-Portugal",{"mag":1501,"keywords":1503,"openalex":1504,"abstract":1506,"title":1508,"doi":1510},{"VOID":1502},"2153288928",{},{"VOID":1505},"W2153288928",{"EN":1507},"\u003Cjats:p>Abstract. Wildfires in Mediterranean Europe have been increasing in number and extension over the last decades and constitute one of the major disturbances of these ecosystems. Portugal is the country with more burnt area in the last decade and the years of 2003 and 2005 were particularly devastating, the total burned areas of 425 000 and 338 000 ha being several times higher than the corresponding average. The year of 2005 further coincided with one of the most severe droughts since early 20th century. Due to different responses of vegetation to diverse fire regimes and to the complexity of landscape structures, fires have complex effects on vegetation recovery. Remote sensing has revealed to be a powerful tool in studying vegetation dynamics and in monitoring post-fire vegetation recovery, which is crucial to land-management and to prevent erosion.  The main goals of the present work are (i) to assess the accuracy of a vegetation recovery model previously developed by the authors; (ii) to assess the model's performance, namely its sensitivity to initial conditions, to the temporal length of the input dataset and to missing data; (iii) to study vegetation recovery over two selected areas that were affected by two large wildfire events in the fire seasons of 2003 and 2005, respectively.  The study relies on monthly values of NDVI over 11 years (1998–2009), at 1 km × 1 km spatial resolution, as obtained by the VEGETATION instrument. According to results from sensitivity analysis, the model is robust and able to provide good estimations of recovery times of vegetation when the regeneration process is regular, even when missing data is present. In respect to the two selected burnt scars, results indicate that fire damage is a determinant factor of regeneration, as less damaged vegetation recovers more rapidly, which is mainly justified by the high coverage of Pinus pinaster over the area, and by the fact that coniferous forests tend to recover slower than transitional woodland-shrub, which tend to dominate the areas following the fire event.\n                    \u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":1509},"Modelling post-fire vegetation recovery in Portugal",{"VOID":1511},"10.5194\u002Fbg-8-3593-2011",[140],"https:\u002F\u002Fbg.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F8\u002F3593\u002F2011\u002F",[1515,1537,1564,1581],{"id":1516,"sortIndex":24,"researcher":23,"roles":1517,"affiliations":1518,"properties":1530},"db8f5aa4-9c85-4819-9e2f-4993ff120651",[],[1519],{"id":1520,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":1521,"properties":23},"8fe39f47-f817-4f16-827c-e6cc4347e394",{"id":1522,"createTime":1523,"updateTime":1524,"relativeEntities":1525,"slug":1526,"properties":1527,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"98d6a097-daa7-4fcd-930e-e93ae9d824e6","2024-01-26T20:47:33.902+00:00","2024-12-10T23:23:00.772+00:00",[],"Instituto-Dom-Luiz-Universidade-de-Lisboa-Portugal",{"title":1528},{"VI":1529},"Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal",{"openalex":1531,"orcid":1533,"title":1535},{"VOID":1532},"A5052018420",{"VOID":1534},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-7368-7806",{"EN":1536},"Ana Bastos",{"id":1538,"sortIndex":109,"researcher":23,"roles":1539,"affiliations":1540,"properties":1557},"4963d56a-534d-4369-b1c2-adc83c875c2c",[],[1541,1551],{"id":1542,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":1543,"properties":23},"001e5e52-dd2f-478b-b0b0-c04a806b7f92",{"id":1544,"createTime":1545,"updateTime":1545,"relativeEntities":1546,"slug":1547,"properties":1548,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"a7a93ecb-1acb-4d9f-b36e-ac9ebb78807e","2024-12-10T23:23:00.806+00:00",[],"Dept-Engenharias-Universidade-Lusofona-Lisboa-Portugal",{"title":1549},{"EN":1550},"Dept. Engenharias, Universidade Lusofona, Lisboa, Portugal",{"id":1552,"sortIndex":274,"affiliation":1553,"properties":23},"8a9deb3a-b7b5-4413-91f7-47e672ee5e15",{"id":1522,"createTime":1523,"updateTime":1524,"relativeEntities":1554,"slug":1526,"properties":1555,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},[],{"title":1556},{"VI":1529},{"openalex":1558,"orcid":1560,"title":1562},{"VOID":1559},"A5002184115",{"VOID":1561},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-4183-9852",{"EN":1563},"Ricardo M. 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Manage., 184, 209–223, 2003.",{"doi":1655},"10.1016\u002FS0378-1127(03)00207-X",{"id":23,"text":1657,"url":23,"identifiers":1658},"Calvo L., Tárrega R., Luis E., Valbuena L., and Marcos E.: Recovery after experimental cutting and burning in three shrub ecosystems situated in a climatic gradient, Plant Ecol., 180, 175–185, 2005.",{"doi":1659},"10.1007\u002Fs11258-005-0200-z",{"id":23,"text":1661,"url":23,"identifiers":1662},"Catry, F. X., Rego F., Moreira F., Fernandes P. M., and Pausas J. G.: Post-fire tree mortality in mixed forests of central Portugal, Forest Ecol. Manage., 260, 1184–1192, 2010.",{"doi":1663},"10.1016\u002Fj.foreco.2010.07.010",{"id":23,"text":1665,"url":23,"identifiers":1666},"Cerdà, A.: Changes in overland flow and infiltration after a rangeland fire in a Mediterranean scrubland, Hydrol. Process., 12, 1031–1042, 1998.",{"doi":1667},"10.1002\u002F(SICI)1099-1085(19980615)12:7\u003C1031::AID-HYP636>3.0.CO;2-V",{"id":23,"text":1669,"url":23,"identifiers":1670},"Cerdà, A. and Doerr, S. H.: The influence of vegetation recovery on soil hydrology and erodibility following fire: an eleven year investigation, Int. J. of Wildland Fire, 14(4), 423–437, 2005.",{"doi":1671},"10.1071\u002FWF05044",{"id":23,"text":1673,"url":23,"identifiers":1674},"Chuvieco, E., Aguado, I, Yebra, M, Nieto, H., Salas, J., Martín, M. P., Vilar, L., Martínez, J., Martín, S., Ibarra, P., de la Riva, J., Baeza, J., Rodríguez F., Molina J. R., Herrera, M. A., and Zamora, R.: Development of a Framework for fire risk assessment using remote sensing and geographic information system Technologies, Ecol. Model., 221, 46–58, 2010.",{"doi":1675},"10.1016\u002Fj.ecolmodel.2008.11.017",{"id":23,"text":1677,"url":23,"identifiers":1678},"De Luís, M., García-Cano, M. F., Cortina, J., Raventós, J., González-Hidalgo, J. C. and Sánchez, J. R.: Climatic trends, disturbances and short-term vegetation dynamics in a Mediterranean shrubland, Forest Ecol. Manage., 147, 25–37, 2001.",{"doi":1679},"10.1016\u002FS0378-1127(00)00438-2",{"id":23,"text":1681,"url":23,"identifiers":1682},"De Luís, M., Gonzales-Hidalgo, J. C., and Raventós, J.: Effects of fire and torrential rainfall on erosion in a mediterranean gorse community, Land degrade. Delevop., 14, 203–213, 2003.",{"doi":1683},"10.1002\u002Fldr.547",{"id":23,"text":1685,"url":23,"identifiers":1686},"De Luis, M., Baeza, M. J., Raventos, J. and Gonzales-Hidalgo, J. C.: Fuel characteristics and fire behavior in mature Mediterranean gorse shrub land, Int. J. of Wildland Fire, 13, 79–87, 2004.",{"doi":1687},"10.1071\u002FWF03005",{"id":23,"text":1689,"url":23,"identifiers":1690},"De Santis, A. and Chuvieco, E.: Burn severity estimulation from remotely sensed data: Performance of simulation versus empirical models, Rem. Sens. Environ., 108, 422–435, 2007.",{"doi":1691},"10.1016\u002Fj.rse.2006.11.022",{"id":23,"text":1693,"url":23,"identifiers":1694},"DeBano, L. F., Neary, D. G., and Folliott, P. F.: Fire's Effects on Ecosystems, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 333 pp, 1998.",{},{"id":23,"text":1696,"url":23,"identifiers":1697},"DGRF: Incêndios Florestais – Portugal, Ministério da Agricultura, Pescas e Florestas (in Portuguese), 2008.",{},{"id":23,"text":1699,"url":23,"identifiers":1700},"Díaz-Delgado, R. and Pons, X.: Spatial patterns of forest fires in Catalonia (NE of Spain) along the period 1975–1995. Analysis of vegetation recovery after fire, Forest Ecol. 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L., and de Sola-Morales, F.: Regeneration patterns of three Mediterranean pines and forest changes after a large wildfire in northeastern Spain, Ecoscience 9, 89–97, 2002.",{"doi":1836},"10.1080\u002F11956860.2002.11682694",{"id":23,"text":1838,"url":23,"identifiers":1839},"Röder, A., Hill, J., Duguy, B., Alloza, J. A., and Vallejo, R.: Using long time series of Landsat data to monitor fire events and postfire dynamics and identify driving factors. A case study in the Ayora region (eastern Spain), Remote Sens. Environ., 112, 259–273, 2008.",{"doi":1840},"10.1016\u002Fj.rse.2007.05.001",{"id":23,"text":1842,"url":23,"identifiers":1843},"Shakesby, R. A., Coelho, C. O. A., Ferreira, A. D., Terry, J. P., and Walsh, R. P. D.: Wildfire impacts on soil erosion and hydrology in wet Mediterranean forest, Portugal, Int. J. of Wildland Fire 3, 95–110, 1993.",{"doi":1844},"10.1071\u002FWF9930095",{"id":23,"text":1846,"url":23,"identifiers":1847},"Silva, J. 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Climatol., 26(13), 1741–1757, 2006.",{"doi":1859},"10.1002\u002Fjoc.1333",{"id":23,"text":1861,"url":23,"identifiers":1862},"Turner, M., O'neill, R. V., Gardner, R. H., and Milne, B. T.: Effects of changing spatial scale on the analysis of landscape pattern, Landscape Ecology, 3(3\u002F4), 153–162, 1989.",{"doi":1863},"10.1007\u002FBF00131534",{"id":23,"text":1865,"url":23,"identifiers":1866},"Vicente-Serrano, S. M. and Heredia-Laclaustra, A.: NAO influence on NDVI trends in the Iberian peninsula (1982–2000), Int. J. Remote Sens., 25(14), 2871–2879, 2004.",{"doi":1867},"10.1080\u002F01431160410001685009",{"id":23,"text":1869,"url":23,"identifiers":1870},"Viedma, O., Moreno, J. M., and Rieiro, I.: Interactions between land use\u002Fland cover change, forest fires and landscape structure in Sierra de Gredos (central Spain), Environmental Conservation, 33, 212–222, 2006.",{"doi":1871},"10.1017\u002FS0376892906003122",{"id":23,"text":1873,"url":23,"identifiers":1874},"Wittenberg, L., Malkinson, D., Beer, O., Halutzy, A., and Tesler, N.: Spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation recovery following sequences of forest fires in a Mediterranean landscape, Mt. 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The incorporation of heavy metals into carbonate tests of the shallow water benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Temperature, salinity, and pH of the culture solutions were kept constant throughout the duration of this experiment, while trace metal concentrations were varied. Concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Mn were set 5-, 10-, and 20 times higher than levels found in natural North Sea water; for reference, a control experiment with pure filtered natural North Sea water was also analysed. The concentrations of Cu and Ni from newly grown chambers were determined by means of both μ-synchrotron XRF and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS). The results of both independent analytical techniques agreed within the analytical uncertainty. In general, the concentration of the analysed elements in the tests increased in line with their concentration in the culture solutions. Potential toxic and\u002For chemical competition effects might have resulted in the decreased incorporation of Ni and Cu into the calcite of the specimens exposed to the highest elemental concentrations. Mn incorporation exhibited large variability in the experiment with the 20-fold increased element concentrations, potentially due to antagonistic effects with Cu. The partition coefficients of Cu and Ni were calculated to be 0.14 ± 0.02 and 1.0 ± 0.5, respectively, whereas the partition coefficient of Mn was estimated to be least 2.4. 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A., Papillon, E., Cotte, M., Walter, P., and Susini, J.: A multiplatform code for the analysis of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectra, Spectrochim. Acta B, 62, 63–68, 2007.",{"doi":2357},"10.1016\u002Fj.sab.2006.12.002",{"id":23,"text":2359,"url":23,"identifiers":2360},"Stouff, V., Lesourd, M., and Debenay, J.-P.: Laboratory observations on asexual reproduction (schizogony) and ontogeny of Ammonia tepida with comments on the life cycle, J. Foramin. Res., 29, 75–84, 1999.",{"doi":2361},"10.2113\u002Fgsjfr.29.1.75",{"id":23,"text":2363,"url":23,"identifiers":2364},"Sunda, W. G.: Trace metal interactions with marine phytoplankton, Biol. Oceanogr., 6, 411–442, 1988–1989.",{},{"id":23,"text":2366,"url":23,"identifiers":2367},"Sunda, W. G. and Huntsman, S. A.: Effect of competitive interactions between manganese and copper on cellular manganese and growth in estuarine and oceanic species of the diatom Thalassiosira, Limnol. Oceanogr., 28, 924–934, 1983.",{"doi":2368},"10.4319\u002Flo.1983.28.5.0924",{"id":23,"text":2370,"url":23,"identifiers":2371},"Sunda, W. G. and Huntsman, S. A.: Antagonisms between cadmium and zinc toxicity and manganese limitation in a coastal diatom, Limnol. Oceanogr., 41, 373–387, 1996.",{"doi":2372},"10.4319\u002Flo.1996.41.3.0373",{"id":23,"text":2374,"url":23,"identifiers":2375},"Sunda, W. G. and Huntsman, S. A.: Processes regulating cellular metal accumulation and physiological effects: Phytoplankton as model systems, Sci. Total Environ., 219, 165–181, 1998a.",{"doi":2376},"10.1016\u002FS0048-9697(98)00226-5",{"id":23,"text":2378,"url":23,"identifiers":2379},"Sunda, W. G. and Huntsman, S. A.: Interactions among Cu2+, Zn2+, an Mn2+ in contolling cellular Mn, Zn, and growth rate in the coastal alga Chlamydomonas, Limnol. Oceanogr., 43, 1055–1064, 1998b.",{"doi":2380},"10.4319\u002Flo.1998.43.6.1055",{"id":23,"text":2382,"url":23,"identifiers":2383},"Syrett, P. 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H., Bijma, J., and Fischer, G.: Clues to ocean history: A brief overview of proxies, in: Use of proxies in paleoceanography, edited by: Fischer, G. and Wefer, G., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Hong Kong, London, Milan, Paris, Singapore, Tokyo, 1–68, 1999.",{"doi":2396},"10.1007\u002F978-3-642-58646-0_1",{"id":23,"text":2398,"url":23,"identifiers":2399},"Yanko, V., Ahmad, M., and Kaminski, M.: Morphological deformities of benthic foraminiferal tests in response to pollution by heavy metals: Implications for pollution monitoring, J. Foramin. Res., 28, 177–200, 1998.",{},{"id":23,"text":2401,"url":23,"identifiers":2402},"Yu, J., Elderfield, H., and Hönisch, B.: B\u002FCa in planktonic foraminifera as a proxy for surface seawater pH, Paleoceanography, 22, PA2202, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F 10.1029\u002F2006PA00134, 2007.",{},{"id":23,"text":2404,"url":23,"identifiers":2405},"Zhou, D.: Robust statistics and geochemical data analysis, Math. Geol., 19, 207–218, 1987.",{"doi":2406},"10.1007\u002FBF00897747",{"id":2408,"createTime":2409,"updateTime":2409,"relativeEntities":2410,"slug":2411,"properties":2412,"entityType":136,"verifyStatus":137,"verifyTime":2409,"verifyNote":138,"syncStatus":22,"languages":2423,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24,"primaryUrl":2424,"fullTextUrl":23,"authors":2425,"publicationType":1179,"publisherRelationship":2560,"citationCount":2597,"citationInfo":2598,"publishDate":23,"publishYear":23,"citationAnalyzeStatus":22,"lastCitationAnalyze":23,"indexDatabases":23,"openAccess":23,"references":2600,"isForceReanalyzing":1494},"31533d48-1ab7-4061-be98-3c6738a68056","2024-10-13T23:02:42.381+00:00",[],"Copper-incorporation-in-foraminiferal-calcite-results-from-culturing-experiments",{"mag":2413,"keywords":2415,"openalex":2416,"abstract":2418,"title":2420,"doi":2422},{"VOID":2414},"2098128814",{},{"VOID":2417},"W2098128814",{"EN":2419},"\u003Cjats:p>Abstract. A partition coefficient for copper (DCu) in foraminiferal calcite has been determined by culturing individuals of two benthic species under controlled laboratory conditions. The partition coefficient of a trace element (TE) is an emperically determined relation between the TE\u002FCa ratio in seawater and the TE\u002FCa ratio in foraminiferal calcite and has been established for many divalent cations. Despite its potential to act as a tracer of human-induced, heavy metal pollution, data is not yet available for copper. Since partition coefficients are usually a function of multiple factors (seawater temperature, pH, salinity, metabolic activity of the organism, etc.), we chose to analyze calcite from specimens cultured under controlled laboratory conditions. They were subjected to different concentrations of Cu2+ (0.1–20 µmol\u002Fl) and constant temperature (10 and 20°C), seawater salinity and pH. We monitored the growth of new calcite in specimens of the temperate, shallow-water foraminifer Ammonia tepida and in the tropical, symbiont-bearing Heterostegina depressa. Newly formed chambers were analyzed for Cu\u002FCa ratios by laser ablation-ICP-MS. The estimated partition coefficient (0.1–0.4) was constant to within experimental error over a large range of (Cu\u002FCa)seawater ratios and was remarkably similar for both species. Neither did the presence or absence of symbionts affect the DCu, nor did we find a significant effect of temperature or salinity on Cu-uptake.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2421},"Copper incorporation in foraminiferal calcite: results from culturing experiments",{"VOID":2161},[140],"https:\u002F\u002Fbg.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F4\u002F493\u002F2007\u002F",[2426,2467,2484,2499,2514,2531,2545],{"id":2427,"sortIndex":24,"researcher":23,"roles":2428,"affiliations":2429,"properties":2460},"b62b7f33-9c74-4d5b-9e24-5210755f1c0c",[],[2430,2440,2450],{"id":2431,"sortIndex":108,"affiliation":2432,"properties":23},"8582c77b-9aba-4d91-b19d-78bb204a6e5d",{"id":2433,"createTime":2434,"updateTime":2434,"relativeEntities":2435,"slug":2436,"properties":2437,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"6fb7c255-53a7-46ac-accc-7c19b88678e7","2024-10-13T23:02:42.409+00:00",[],"now-at-Institute-for-Research-on-Evolution-of-the-Earth-Japan-Agency-for-Marine-Science-and-Technology-JAMSTEC-2-ndash",{"title":2438},{"EN":2439},"now at: Institute for Research on Evolution of the Earth, Japan Agency for Marine Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2&ndash",{"id":2441,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":2442,"properties":23},"5819f5a5-1ede-47bf-935c-8c63370e72b1",{"id":2443,"createTime":2444,"updateTime":2444,"relativeEntities":2445,"slug":2446,"properties":2447,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"c15cffa9-0725-4b20-bbb4-0b34c8fbd919","2024-10-13T23:02:42.400+00:00",[],"15-Natsushima-cho-237-0061-Yokosuka-Japan",{"title":2448},{"EN":2449},"15 Natsushima-cho, 237-0061, Yokosuka, Japan",{"id":2451,"sortIndex":274,"affiliation":2452,"properties":23},"9989c4e8-a8cf-46ac-813b-bcbd362ad164",{"id":2453,"createTime":2454,"updateTime":2454,"relativeEntities":2455,"slug":2456,"properties":2457,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"daf0c110-ab59-4d0e-907e-ef1e057b5674","2024-10-13T23:02:42.405+00:00",[],"Dept-of-Earth-Sciences-Utrecht-University-Budapestlaan-4-3584-CD-Utrecht-The-Netherlands",{"title":2458},{"EN":2459},"Dept. of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands",{"openalex":2461,"orcid":2463,"title":2465},{"VOID":2462},"A5014624341",{"VOID":2464},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-8949-8874",{"EN":2466},"Lennart de Nooijer",{"id":2468,"sortIndex":1028,"researcher":23,"roles":2469,"affiliations":2470,"properties":2477},"ad52be5d-1145-4307-8749-24ab7adbf022",[],[2471],{"id":2472,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":2473,"properties":23},"2429c3e8-db61-4238-9f99-6aa0267756cb",{"id":2453,"createTime":2454,"updateTime":2454,"relativeEntities":2474,"slug":2456,"properties":2475,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},[],{"title":2476},{"EN":2459},{"openalex":2478,"orcid":2480,"title":2482},{"VOID":2479},"A5061212733",{"VOID":2481},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-7569-5917",{"EN":2483},"Paul R.D. 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Sci., 283, 780–799, 1983.",{"doi":2784},"10.2475\u002Fajs.283.7.780",{"id":23,"text":2786,"url":23,"identifiers":2787},"Mucci, A. and Morse, J. W.: The incorporation of Mg$^2+$ and Sr$^2+$ into calcite overgrowths: influences of growth rate and solution composition, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47(2), 217–233, 1983.",{"doi":2788},"10.1016\u002F0016-7037(83)90135-7",{"id":23,"text":2790,"url":23,"identifiers":2791},"Nassrallah-Abouka\\\\"ıs, N., Boughriet, A., Fischer, J. C., Wartel, M., Langelin, H. R., and Abouka\\\\"ıs, A.: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study of Cu$^2+$ and Mn$^2+$ ions interacting as probes with calciumcarbonate during the transformation of vaterite into cubic calcite, J. Chem. Soc. Lond. Faraday Trans., 92, 3211–3216, 1996.",{"doi":2792},"10.1039\u002FFT9969203211",{"id":23,"text":2794,"url":23,"identifiers":2795},"Nassrallah-Abouka\\\\"ıs, N., Boughriet, A., Laureyns, J., Abouka\\\\"ıs, A., Fischer, J. C., Langelin, H. R., and Wartel, M.: Transformations of vaterite into cubic calcite in the presence of Cu(II)species, Chem. Mater., 10, 238–243, 1998.",{"doi":2796},"10.1021\u002Fcm970405r",{"id":23,"text":2798,"url":23,"identifiers":2799},"Nelson, A. and Donkin, P.: Process of bioaccumulation: The importance of chemical speciation, Mar. Pol. Bull., 16(4), 164–169, 1985.",{"doi":2314},{"id":23,"text":2801,"url":23,"identifiers":2802},"Nürnberg, D., Bijma, J., and Hemleben, C.: Assessing the reliability of magnesium in foraminiferal calcite as a proxy for water mass temperatures, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60(5), 803–814, 1996.",{"doi":2318},{"id":23,"text":2804,"url":23,"identifiers":2805},"Parkhurst, D. L. and Appelo, C. A. J.: User's guide to PHREEQC (Version 2) – A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report, 99-4259, 1999.",{},{"id":23,"text":2807,"url":23,"identifiers":2808},"Papadopoulos, P. and Rowell, D. L.: The reactions of copper and zinc 5 with calcium carbonate surfaces, J. Soil Sci., 40, 39–48, 1989.",{"doi":2809},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-2389.1989.tb01252.x",{"id":23,"text":2811,"url":23,"identifiers":2812},"Pearce, N. J. G., Perkins, W. T., Westgate, J. A., Gorton, M. P., Jackson, S. E., Neil, C. R., and Chenery, S. P.: A compilation of new and published major and trace element data for NIST SRM 610 and NIST SRM 612 glass reference materials, Geost. Newslett., 21(1), 115–144, 1997.",{"doi":2337},{"id":23,"text":2814,"url":23,"identifiers":2815},"Petersen, W., Willer, E., and Willamowski, C.: Remobilization of trace elements from polluted anoxic sediments after resuspension in oxic waters, Water Air Soil Poll., 99(1–4), 515–522, 1997.",{"doi":2816},"10.1007\u002FBF02406891",{"id":23,"text":2818,"url":23,"identifiers":2819},"Pickering, W. F.: Extraction of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium ions sorbed on calcium carbonate, Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 20, 299–309, 1983.",{"doi":2820},"10.1007\u002FBF00284635",{"id":23,"text":2822,"url":23,"identifiers":2823},"Rashid, M. A. and Leonard, J. D.: Modifications in the solubility and precipitation behavior of various metals as a result of their interaction with sedimentary humic acid, Chem. Geol., 22(2), 89–97, 1973.",{"doi":2824},"10.1016\u002F0009-2541(73)90045-4",{"id":23,"text":2826,"url":23,"identifiers":2827},"Rathburn, A. E. and DeDeckker, P.: Magnesium and strontium compositions of recent benthic foraminifera from the Coral Sea, Australia and Prydz Bay, Antarctica, Mar. Micropaleontol., 32, 231–248, 1997.",{"doi":2828},"10.1016\u002FS0377-8398(97)00028-5",{"id":23,"text":2830,"url":23,"identifiers":2831},"Reichart, G. J., Jorissen, F. J., Anschutz, P., and Mason, P. R. D.: Single foraminiferal test chemistry, Geology, 31(4), 335–358, 2003.",{"doi":2341},{"id":23,"text":2833,"url":23,"identifiers":2834},"Rosenthal, Y., Boyle, E. A., and Slowley, N.: Temperature control on the incorporation of magnesium, strontium, fluorine, and cadmium into benthic foraminiferal shells from Little Bahama Bank: prospects for thermocline paleoceanography, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 61(17), 3633–3643, 1997.",{"doi":2835},"10.1016\u002FS0016-7037(97)00181-6",{"id":23,"text":2837,"url":23,"identifiers":2838},"Ruiz, F., González-Regalado, M. L., Borrego, J., Abad, M., and Pendón, J. G.: Ostracoda and foraminifera as short-term tracers of environmental changes in very polluted areas: the Odiel estuary (SW Spain), Environ. Pollut., 129, 49–61, 2004.",{"doi":2839},"10.1016\u002Fj.envpol.2003.09.024",{"id":23,"text":2841,"url":23,"identifiers":2842},"Sáinz, A. and Ruiz, F.: Influence of the very polluted inputs of the Tinto-Odiel system on the adjacent littoral sediments of southwestern Spain: A statistical approach, Chemosphere, 62, 1612–1622, 2006.",{"doi":2843},"10.1016\u002Fj.chemosphere.2005.06.045",{"id":23,"text":2845,"url":23,"identifiers":2846},"Samir, A. M. and El-Din, A. B.: Benthic foraminiferal assemblages and morphological abnormalities as pollution proxies in two Egyptian basins, Mar. Micropaleontol., 41, 193–227, 2001.",{"doi":2847},"10.1016\u002FS0377-8398(00)00061-X",{"id":23,"text":2849,"url":23,"identifiers":2850},"Saxby, J. D.: Diagenesis of metal-organic complexes in sediments: formation of metal sulphides from cystine complexes, Chem. Geol., 12(4), 241–248, 1973.",{"doi":2851},"10.1016\u002F0009-2541(73)90001-6",{"id":23,"text":2853,"url":23,"identifiers":2854},"Segev, E. and Erez, J.: Effect of Mg\u002FCa ratio in seawater on shell composition in shallow benthic foraminifera, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7(2), Q02P09, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2005GC000969, 2006.",{"doi":2855},"10.1029\u002F2005GC000969",{"id":23,"text":2857,"url":23,"identifiers":2858},"Shannon, R. D.: Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides, Acta Crystallogr. A, 32, 751–767, 1976.",{"doi":2859},"10.1107\u002FS0567739476001551",{"id":23,"text":2861,"url":23,"identifiers":2862},"Sunda, W. G. and Huntsman, S. A.: Regulation of copper concentration in the oceanic nutricline by phytoplankton uptake and regeneration cycles, Limnol. Oceanogr., 40(1), 132–137, 1995.",{"doi":2863},"10.4319\u002Flo.1995.40.1.0132",{"id":23,"text":2865,"url":23,"identifiers":2866},"Toyofuku, T., Kitazato, H., Kawahata, H., Tsuchiya, M., and Nohara, M.: Evaluation of Mg\u002FCa thermometry in foraminifera: Comparison of experimental results and measurements in nature, Paleoceanography, 15(4), 456–464, 2000.",{"doi":2867},"10.1029\u002F1999PA000460",{"id":23,"text":2869,"url":23,"identifiers":2870},"Toyofuku, T. and Kitazato, H.: Micromapping of Mg\u002FCa values in cultured specimens of the high magnesium benthic foraminifera, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6(11), Q11P05, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2005GC000961, 2005.",{"doi":2871},"10.1029\u002F2005GC000961",{"id":23,"text":2873,"url":23,"identifiers":2874},"Ueno, K., Imamura, T., and Cheng, K. L.: Handbook of organic analytical reagents, 2nd ed. CRC Publishers, 1992.",{},{"id":23,"text":2876,"url":23,"identifiers":2877},"Wells, A. F.: Structural inorganic chemistry, 5th ed, Clarendon, 1984.",{},{"id":23,"text":2879,"url":23,"identifiers":2880},"Zeebe, R. E. and Sanyal, A.: Comparison of potential strategies of planktonic foraminifera for house building: Mg$^2+$ or H$^+$ removal?, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 66(7), 1159–1169, 2002.",{"doi":2881},"10.1016\u002FS0016-7037(01)00852-3",{"id":23,"text":2883,"url":23,"identifiers":2884},"Zeebe, R. E. and Wolf-Gladrow, D.: CO2 in seawater: Equilibrium, kinetics and isotopes, Elsevier Oceanographic Series, Amsterdam, 2001.",{},{"id":23,"text":2886,"url":23,"identifiers":2887},"Zirino, A. and Yamamoto, S.: A pH-dependent model for the chemical speciation of copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead in seawater, Limnol. 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The geochemical composition of deep-sea benthic foraminiferal calcite is widely used to reconstruct sea floor paleoenvironments. The calibration of the applied proxy methods has until now been based on field observations in complex natural ecosystems where multiple factors are interfering. However, laboratory experiments with stable physico-chemical conditions appear to be the ideal way to evaluate the influence of a single parameter. In this paper, we present the oxygen isotopic composition of deep-sea benthic foraminiferal shells entirely calcified under controlled experimental conditions over a large temperature range (4 to 19 °C). The new laboratory protocols developed for this study allowed us to produce large quantities of shells in stable conditions, so that also the shell size effect could be investigated. It appears that when considering a narrow test size range, the curve describing the temperature dependency of δ18O in Bulimina marginata is parallel to the thermodynamically determined curve observed in inorganically precipitated calcite (−0.22‰ °C−1). This observation validates the use of δ18O of this benthic species in paleoceanographical studies. Over the studied size range (50 to 300 μm), the effect of test size was 0.0014‰ μm−1, confirming previous suggestions of a substantial test size effect on δ18O of benthic foraminifera. This study opens new perspectives for future proxy calibrations in laboratory set-ups with deep-sea benthic foraminifera (e.g. quantification of the influence of the carbonate chemistry).\n                    \u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":2903},"Calibration of δ<sup>18<\u002Fsup>O of cultured benthic foraminiferal calcite as a function of temperature",{"VOID":2905},"10.5194\u002Fbg-7-1349-2010",[140],"https:\u002F\u002Fbg.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F7\u002F1349\u002F2010\u002F",[2909,2931,2946,2979,2996],{"id":2910,"sortIndex":167,"researcher":23,"roles":2911,"affiliations":2912,"properties":2924},"a8c7fc92-bf58-4ee2-8d72-a7f26d0f589b",[],[2913],{"id":2914,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":2915,"properties":23},"abcf44a9-5a65-426d-8462-5c7f918e62b8",{"id":2916,"createTime":2917,"updateTime":2918,"relativeEntities":2919,"slug":2920,"properties":2921,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"b62f3285-5647-46b0-aa13-dc933805a3f8","2024-10-13T23:02:35.506+00:00","2025-01-29T10:22:09.340+00:00",[],"LPGN-Laboratoire-de-Plan%C3%A9tologie-et-G%C3%A9odynamique-de-Nantes-UMR-6112-2-Rue-de-la-Houssini%C3%A8re-BP-92208-44322-NANTES-CEDEX-3-France-",{"title":2922},{"EN":2923},"LPGN - Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes [UMR 6112] (2 Rue de la Houssinière - BP 92208 44322 NANTES CEDEX 3  - France)",{"openalex":2925,"orcid":2927,"title":2929},{"VOID":2926},"A5032924329",{"VOID":2928},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-9325-6085",{"EN":2930},"Frans Jorissen",{"id":2932,"sortIndex":108,"researcher":23,"roles":2933,"affiliations":2934,"properties":2941},"a612a1b7-ac32-494f-b118-034b9f49bc66",[],[2935],{"id":2936,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":2937,"properties":23},"20ed4851-b8ad-42fb-88b8-fa8a17ca63fa",{"id":2916,"createTime":2917,"updateTime":2918,"relativeEntities":2938,"slug":2920,"properties":2939,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},[],{"title":2940},{"EN":2923},{"openalex":2942,"title":2944},{"VOID":2943},"A5025977412",{"EN":2945},"Emmanuelle Geslin",{"id":2947,"sortIndex":109,"researcher":23,"roles":2948,"affiliations":2949,"properties":2972},"c191e363-553a-4892-a7ee-d9cf5d346823",[],[2950,2961],{"id":2951,"sortIndex":274,"affiliation":2952,"properties":23},"62ef2943-1d6b-4a3d-b5ae-1de3edf0e913",{"id":2953,"createTime":2954,"updateTime":2955,"relativeEntities":2956,"slug":2957,"properties":2958,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"fd92ff4b-6f60-4e8f-a578-0c15d27ddf60","2024-09-04T19:12:56.871+00:00","2025-01-07T04:54:55.516+00:00",[],"PALEOCEAN-Pal%C3%A9oc%C3%A9anographie-LSCE-CEA-Paris-Saclay-Orme-des-merisiers-91190-Saint-Aubin-France-",{"title":2959},{"EN":2960},"PALEOCEAN - Paléocéanographie (\r\nLSCE. 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J.: Reproduction and growth of the deep-sea benthic foraminifer Bulimina marginata under different laboratory conditions, J. Foramin. Res., 39, 155–165, 2009.",{"doi":3059},"10.2113\u002Fgsjfr.39.3.155",{"id":23,"text":3061,"url":23,"identifiers":3062},"Bemis, B. E., Spero, H. J., Bijma, J. and Lea, D. W.: Reevaluation of the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera: Experimental results and revised paleotemperature equations, Paleoceanography, 13, 150–160, 1998.",{"doi":2110},{"id":23,"text":3064,"url":23,"identifiers":3065},"Berger, W. H., Killingley, J. S., and Vincent, E.: Stable isotopes in deep-sea carbonates: box core ERDC-92 west equatorial Pacific, Oceanol. Acta, 1, 203–216, 1978.",{},{"id":23,"text":3067,"url":23,"identifiers":3068},"Bernhard, J. M., Blanks, J. K., Hintz, C. J. and Chandler, G. T.: Use of the fluorescent calcite marker calcein to label foraminiferal tests, J. Foramin. Res., 34, 96–101, 2004.",{"doi":2114},{"id":23,"text":3070,"url":23,"identifiers":3071},"Bouvier-Soumagnac, Y. and Duplessy, J.-C.: Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera from laboratory culture, plankton tows and recent sediment: implications for the reconstruction of paleoclimatic conditions and of the global carbon cycle, J. Foramin. Res., 15, 302–320, 1985.",{"doi":3072},"10.2113\u002Fgsjfr.15.4.302",{"id":23,"text":3074,"url":23,"identifiers":3075},"Bouvier-Soumagnac, Y., Duplessy, J.-C. and Bé, A. W. H.: Isotopic composition of a laboratory cultured planktonic foraminifer O. universa, Implications for paleoclimatic reconstructions, Oceanol. Acta, 9, 519–522, 1986.",{},{"id":23,"text":3077,"url":23,"identifiers":3078},"Bradshaw, J. S.: Laboratory studies on the rate of growth of the foraminifer, "Streblus beccarii (Linné) var. tepida (Cushman)", J. Paleontol., 31, 1138–1147, 1957.",{},{"id":23,"text":3080,"url":23,"identifiers":3081},"Bradshaw, J. S.: Laboratory experiments on the ecology of foraminifera, Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, 12(Part 3), 87–106, 1961.",{},{"id":23,"text":3083,"url":23,"identifiers":3084},"Chandler, G. T., Williams, D. F., Spero, H. J. and Xiaodong, G.: Sediment microhabitat effects on carbon stable isotopic signatures of microcosm-cultured benthic foraminifera, Limnol. Oceanogr., 41, 680–688, 1996.",{"doi":3085},"10.4319\u002Flo.1996.41.4.0680",{"id":23,"text":3087,"url":23,"identifiers":3088},"",{},{"id":23,"text":3090,"url":23,"identifiers":3091},"Dunbar, R. B. and Wefer, G.: Stable isotope fractionation in benthic foraminifera from the Peruvian continental margin, Mar. Geol., 59, 215–225, 1984.",{"doi":3092},"10.1016\u002F0025-3227(84)90094-X",{"id":23,"text":3094,"url":23,"identifiers":3095},"Duplessy, J.-C., Lalou, C. and Vinot, A. C.: Differential Isotopic Fractionation in Benthic Foraminifera and Paleotemperatures Reassessed, Science, 168, 250–251, 1970.",{"doi":3096},"10.1126\u002Fscience.168.3928.250",{"id":23,"text":3098,"url":23,"identifiers":3099},"Elderfield, H., Vautravers, M. and Cooper, M.: The relationship between size and Mg\u002FCa, Sr\u002FCa, d18O, and d13C of species of planktonik foraminifera, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 3(8), 1052, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2001GC000194, 2002.",{"doi":3100},"10.1029\u002F2001GC000194",{"id":23,"text":3102,"url":23,"identifiers":3103},"Epstein, S. R., Buchsbaum, R., Lowenstem, H. A. and Urey, H. C.: Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 64, 1315–1326, 1953.",{"doi":3104},"10.1130\u002F0016-7606(1953)64[1315:RCITS]2.0.CO;2",{"id":23,"text":3106,"url":23,"identifiers":3107},"Erez, J. and Luz, B.: Experimental paleotemperature equation from planktonic forminifera, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 47, 1025–1031, 1983.",{"doi":3108},"10.1016\u002F0016-7037(83)90232-6",{"id":23,"text":3110,"url":23,"identifiers":3111},"Filipsson, H. L., Bernhard, J. M., Lincoln, S. A. and McCorkle, D. C.: A culture-based calibration of benthic foraminiferal paleotemperature proxies: δ18O and Mg\u002FCa results, Biogeosciences, 2010.",{"doi":3112},"10.5194\u002Fbg-7-1335-2010",{"id":23,"text":3114,"url":23,"identifiers":3115},"Grossman, E. L.: Stable isotopes in modern benthic foraminifera: a study of vital effect, J. Foramin. Res., 17, 48–61, 1987.",{"doi":3116},"10.2113\u002Fgsjfr.17.1.48",{"id":23,"text":3118,"url":23,"identifiers":3119},"Hemleben, C. and Kitazato, H.: Deep-sea foraminifera under long time observation in the laboratory, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 42(6), 827–832, 1995.",{"doi":3120},"10.1016\u002F0967-0637(95)00024-Z",{"id":23,"text":2215,"url":23,"identifiers":3122},{"doi":2217},{"id":23,"text":3124,"url":23,"identifiers":3125},"Hut, G.: Consultants group meeting on stable isotope reference samples for geochemical and hydrological investigations, Vienna, 42 pp., 1987.",{},{"id":23,"text":3127,"url":23,"identifiers":3128},"Kim, S.-T. and O'Neil, J. R.: Equilibrium and nonequilibrium oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 61, 3461–3475, 1997.",{"doi":3129},"10.1016\u002FS0016-7037(97)00169-5",{"id":23,"text":3131,"url":23,"identifiers":3132},"Lin, L. I.: A concordance correlation coefficient to evaluate reproducibility, Biometrics, 45, 255–268, 1989.",{"doi":3133},"10.2307\u002F2532051",{"id":23,"text":3135,"url":23,"identifiers":3136},"McConnaughey, T.: 13C and 18O isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates: I. Patterns, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 53(1), 151–162, 1989a.",{"doi":3137},"10.1016\u002F0016-7037(89)90282-2",{"id":23,"text":3139,"url":23,"identifiers":3140},"McConnaughey, T.: 13C and 18O isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates: II. In vitro simulation of kinetic isotope effects, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 53(1), 163–171, 1989b.",{"doi":3141},"10.1016\u002F0016-7037(89)90283-4",{"id":23,"text":3143,"url":23,"identifiers":3144},"McCorkle, D. C., Bernhard, J. M., Hintz, C. J., Blanks, J. K., Chandler, G. T., and Shaw, T. J.: The carbon and oxygen stable isotopic composition of cultured benthic foraminifera, in: Biogeochemical controls on palaeoceanographic environmental proxies, edited by: Austin, W. E. N. and James, R. H., Geological Society, London, 135–154, 2008.",{"doi":3145},"10.1144\u002FSP303.10",{"id":23,"text":3147,"url":23,"identifiers":3148},"McCrea, J. M.: On the isotopic chemistry of carbonates and a paleotemperature scale, J. Chem. Phys., 18, 849–857, 1950.",{"doi":3149},"10.1063\u002F1.1747785",{"id":23,"text":3151,"url":23,"identifiers":3152},"O'Neil, J. R., Clayton, R. N. and Mayeda, T. K.: Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates, J. Chem. Phys., 51, 5547–5558, 1969.",{"doi":3153},"10.1063\u002F1.1671982",{"id":23,"text":3155,"url":23,"identifiers":3156},"Rathmann, S. and Kuhnert, H.: Carbonate ion effect on Mg\u002FCa, Sr\u002FCa and stable isotopes on the benthic foraminifera Oridorsalis umbonatus off Namibia Marine Micropaleontology, 66, 120–133, 2008.",{"doi":3157},"10.1016\u002Fj.marmicro.2007.08.001",{"id":23,"text":3159,"url":23,"identifiers":3160},"Reynaud-Vaganay, S., Gattuso, J.-P., Cuif, J.-P., Jaubert, J. and Juillet-Leclerc, A.: A novel culture technique for scleractinian corals: application to investigate canges in skeletal d18O as a function of temperature, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 180, 121–130, 1999.",{"doi":3161},"10.3354\u002Fmeps180121",{"id":23,"text":3163,"url":23,"identifiers":3164},"Schmiedl, G., Pfeilsticker, M., Hemleben, C. and Mackensen, A.: Environmental and biological effects on the stable isotope composition of recent deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the western Mediterranean Sea, Marine Micropaleontology, 2004.",{"doi":3165},"10.1016\u002Fj.marmicro.2003.10.001",{"id":23,"text":3167,"url":23,"identifiers":3168},"Spero, H. J., Bijma, J., Lea, D. W. and Bemis, B. E.: Effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopes, Nature, 390, 497–500, 1997.",{"doi":3169},"10.1038\u002F37333",{"id":23,"text":3171,"url":23,"identifiers":3172},"Spero, H. J. and Lea, D. W.: Experimental determination of stable isotope variability in Globigerina bulloides: implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions, Marine Micropaleontology, 28, 231-246, 1996.",{"doi":3173},"10.1016\u002F0377-8398(96)00003-5",{"id":23,"text":3175,"url":23,"identifiers":3176},"Stouff, V., Lesourd, M. and Debenay, J.-P.: Laboratory observations on asexual reproduction (schizogony) and ontogeny of Ammonia tepida with comments on the life cycle, J. Foramin. Res., 29, 75–84, 1999.",{"doi":2361},{"id":23,"text":3178,"url":23,"identifiers":3179},"Turner, J. V.: Kinetic fractionation of carbon-13 during calcium carbonate precipitation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 46, 1183–1191, 1982.",{"doi":3180},"10.1016\u002F0016-7037(82)90004-7",{"id":23,"text":3182,"url":23,"identifiers":3183},"Urey, H. C.: The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances, J. Chem. Soc., 562–581, 1947.",{"doi":2388},{"id":23,"text":3185,"url":23,"identifiers":3186},"Vincent, E., Killingley, J. S. and Berger, W. H.: Stable isotopes in benthic foraminifera from Ontong-Java Plateau, box cores ERDC 112 and 123, Palaeogeogaphy, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 33, 221–230, 1981.",{"doi":3187},"10.1016\u002F0031-0182(81)90040-7",{"id":23,"text":3189,"url":23,"identifiers":3190},"Wilson-Finelli, A., Chandler, G. T. and Spero, H. J.: Stable isotope behavior in paleoceanographically important benthic foraminifera: Results from microcosm culture experiments, J. Foramin. Res., 28, 312–320, 1998.",{},{"id":23,"text":3192,"url":23,"identifiers":3193},"Zeebe, R. E.: An explanation of the effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal oxygen isotopes, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 63, 2001–2007, 1999.",{"doi":3194},"10.1016\u002FS0016-7037(99)00091-5",{"id":3196,"createTime":3197,"updateTime":3197,"relativeEntities":3198,"slug":3199,"properties":3200,"entityType":136,"verifyStatus":137,"verifyTime":3197,"verifyNote":138,"syncStatus":22,"languages":3212,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24,"primaryUrl":3213,"fullTextUrl":23,"authors":3214,"publicationType":1179,"publisherRelationship":3331,"citationCount":3368,"citationInfo":3369,"publishDate":23,"publishYear":23,"citationAnalyzeStatus":22,"lastCitationAnalyze":23,"indexDatabases":23,"openAccess":23,"references":3371,"isForceReanalyzing":1494},"be611757-30bf-45b6-9820-0e286dfc6ac9","2024-10-13T23:02:24.812+00:00",[],"A-new-model-for-biomineralization-and-trace-element-signatures-of-Foraminifera-tests",{"mag":3201,"keywords":3203,"openalex":3204,"abstract":3206,"title":3208,"doi":3210},{"VOID":3202},"2161304672",{},{"VOID":3205},"W2161304672",{"EN":3207},"\u003Cjats:p>Abstract. The Mg\u002FCa ratio of Foraminifera calcium carbonate tests is used as proxy for seawater temperature and widely applied to reconstruct global paleo-climatic changes. However, the mechanisms involved in the carbonate biomineralization process are poorly understood. The current paradigm holds that calcium ions for the test are supplied primarily by endocytosis of seawater. Here, we combine confocal-laser scanning-microscopy observations of a membrane-impermeable fluorescent marker in the extant benthic species Ammonia aomoriensis with dynamic 44Ca-labeling and NanoSIMS isotopic imaging of its test. We infer that Ca for the test in A. aomoriensis is supplied primarily via trans-membrane transport, but that a small component of passively transported (e.g., by endocytosis) seawater to the site of calcification plays a key role in defining the trace-element composition of the test. Our model accounts for the full range of Mg\u002FCa and Sr\u002FCa observed for benthic Foraminifera tests and predicts the effect of changing seawater Mg\u002FCa ratio. 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Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland",{"openalex":3271,"orcid":3273,"title":3275},{"VOID":3272},"A5023751347",{"VOID":3274},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-4542-2819",{"EN":3276},"Anders Meibom",{"id":3278,"sortIndex":109,"researcher":23,"roles":3279,"affiliations":3280,"properties":3291},"facdb92a-52bd-40d4-8502-fc22977afe7a",[],[3281],{"id":3282,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":3283,"properties":23},"ce21f19a-fd68-4375-a02d-1f5a7af4d111",{"id":3284,"createTime":3285,"updateTime":3285,"relativeEntities":3286,"slug":3287,"properties":3288,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"f1231c87-e837-497a-8818-261a03a0e41b","2024-10-13T23:02:24.862+00:00",[],"Department-of-Marine-Geology-Royal-Netherlands-Institute-of-Sea-Research-Horntje-the-Netherlands",{"title":3289},{"EN":3290},"Department of 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G.: Removal of organic magnesium in coccolithophore calcite, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 89, 226–239, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2012.04.043, 2012.",{"doi":3386},"10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2012.04.043",{"id":23,"text":2155,"url":23,"identifiers":3388},{"doi":2157},{"id":23,"text":3390,"url":23,"identifiers":3391},"Dissard, D., Nehrke, G., Reichart, G. J., and Bijma, J.: The impact of salinity on the Mg \u002F Ca and Sr \u002F Ca ratio in the benthic foraminifera Ammonia tepida: Results from culture experiments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 74, 928–940, 2010.",{"doi":2173},{"id":23,"text":3393,"url":23,"identifiers":3394},"Elderfield, H., Bertram, C. J., and Erez, J.: A biomineralization model for the incorporation of trace elements into foraminiferal calcium carbonate, Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 409–423, 1996.",{"doi":2676},{"id":23,"text":3396,"url":23,"identifiers":3397},"Elderfield, H. and Ganssen, G.: Past temperature and [delta]18O of surface ocean waters inferred from foraminiferal Mg \u002F Ca ratios, Nature, 405, 442–445, 2000.",{"doi":3398},"10.1038\u002F35013033",{"id":23,"text":3400,"url":23,"identifiers":3401},"Erez, J.: The Source of Ions for Biomineralization in Foraminifera and Their Implications for Paleoceanographic Proxies, Rev. Mineral. Geochem., 54, 115–149, 2003.",{"doi":3402},"10.2113\u002F0540115",{"id":23,"text":3404,"url":23,"identifiers":3405},"Gussone, N., Langer, G., Thoms, S., Nehrke, G., Eisenhauer, A., Riebesell, U., and Wefer, G.: Cellular calcium pathways and isotope fractionation in Emiliania huxleyi, Geology, 34, 625–628, 2006.",{"doi":3406},"10.1130\u002FG22733.1",{"id":23,"text":3408,"url":23,"identifiers":3409},"Hayward, B. W., Holzmann, M., Grenfell, H. R., Pawlowski, J., and Triggs, C. M.: Morphological distinction of molecular types in Ammonia – towards a taxonomic revision of the world's most commonly misidentified foraminifera, Mar. Micropaleontol., 50, 237–271, 2004.",{"doi":2719},{"id":23,"text":3411,"url":23,"identifiers":3412},"Kiessling, W., Aberhan, M., and Villier, L.: Phanerozoic trends in skeletal mineralogy driven by mass extinctions, Nature Geosci., 1, 527–530, 2008.",{"doi":3413},"10.1038\u002Fngeo251",{"id":23,"text":3415,"url":23,"identifiers":3416},"Langer, G., Gussone, N., Nehrke, G., Riebesell, U., Eisenhauer, A., Kuhnert, H., Rost, B., Trimborn, S., and Thoms, S.: Coccolith strontium to calcium ratios in Emiliania huxleyi: The dependence on seawater strontium and calcium concentrations, Limno. Oceanogr., 51, 310–320, 2006.",{"doi":3417},"10.4319\u002Flo.2006.51.1.0310",{"id":23,"text":3419,"url":23,"identifiers":3420},"Langer, G., Nehrke, G., Thoms, S., and Stoll, H.: Barium partitioning in coccoliths of Emiliania huxleyi, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 73, 2899–2906, 2009.",{"doi":3421},"10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2009.02.025",{"id":23,"text":3423,"url":23,"identifiers":3424},"Martin, R. E.: Cyclic and secular variation in microfossil biomineralization: clues to the biogeochemical evolution of Phanerozoic oceans, Glob. Planet. Change, 11, 1–23, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0921-8181(94)00011-2, 1995.",{"doi":3425},"10.1016\u002F0921-8181(94)00011-2",{"id":23,"text":3427,"url":23,"identifiers":3428},"Pilson, M. E. Q.: An introduction to the chemistry of the sea, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 431 pp., 1998.",{},{"id":23,"text":3430,"url":23,"identifiers":3431},"Raja, R., Saraswati, P. K., Rogers, K., and Iwao, K.: Magnesium and strontium compositions of recent symbiont-bearing benthic foraminifera, Mar. Micropal., 58, 31–44, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.marmicro.2005.08.001, 2005.",{"doi":3432},"10.1016\u002Fj.marmicro.2005.08.001",{"id":23,"text":3434,"url":23,"identifiers":3435},"Schallreuter, R. E. L.: Calcareous foraminifera from the Ordovician of Baltoscandia, J. Micropal., 2, 1–6, 1983.",{"doi":3436},"10.1144\u002Fjm.2.1.1",{"id":23,"text":3438,"url":23,"identifiers":3439},"Schweizer, M., Polovodova, I., Nikulina, A., and Schönfeld, J.: Molecular identification of Ammonia and Elphidium species (Foraminifera, Rotaliida) from the Kiel Fjord (SW Baltic Sea) with rDNA sequences, Helgol. Mar. Res., 65, 1–10, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10152-010-0194-3, 2011.",{"doi":3440},"10.1007\u002Fs10152-010-0194-3",{"id":23,"text":3442,"url":23,"identifiers":3443},"Segev, E. and Erez, J.: Effect of Mg \u002F Ca ratio in seawater on shell composition in shallow benthic foraminifera, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7, Q02P09, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2005gc000969, 2006.",{"doi":2855},{"id":23,"text":3445,"url":23,"identifiers":3446},"Urey, H. C., Lowenstam, H. A., Eppstein, S., and McKinney, C. 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The exchange of ammonia between crop canopies and the atmosphere depends on a range of plant parameters and climatic conditions. However, little is known about effects of management factors. We have here investigated the stomatal ammonia compensation point in response to cutting and fertilization of a grass sward dominated by Lolium perenne. Tall grass had a very low NH3 compensation point (around 1 nmol mol−1), reflecting the fact that leaf nitrogen (N) concentration was very low. During re-growth after cutting, leaf tissue concentrations of NO3−, NH4+, soluble N and total N increased along with apoplastic NH4+ concentrations. In contrast, apoplastic pH decreased resulting in largely unaltered NH3 compensation points. Nitrogen fertilization one week after cutting caused the apoplastic NH4+ concentration of the newly emerging leaves to increase dramatically. The NH3 compensation point peaked between 15 and 25 nmol mol−1 the day after the fertiliser was applied and thereafter decreased over the following 10 days until reaching the same level as before fertilisation. Ammonium concentrations in leaf apoplast, bulk tissue and litter were positively correlated (P=0.001) throughout the experimental period. Bulk tissue NH4+ concentrations, total plant N and soil NH4+ concentrations also showed a positive correlation. A very high potential for NH3 emission was shown by the plant litter.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":3462},"Temporal variability in bioassays of the stomatal ammonia compensation point in relation to plant and soil nitrogen parameters in intensively managed grassland",{"VOID":3464},"10.5194\u002Fbg-6-171-2009",[140],"https:\u002F\u002Fbg.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F6\u002F171\u002F2009\u002F",[3468,3487,3508,3528,3545,3566,3583,3598,3615,3630],{"id":3469,"sortIndex":167,"researcher":23,"roles":3470,"affiliations":3471,"properties":3482},"7c94aeda-140e-420b-9f98-3859a56a30d1",[],[3472],{"id":3473,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":3474,"properties":23},"b7999804-892c-49d3-a8e6-190f85ed6c92",{"id":3475,"createTime":3476,"updateTime":3476,"relativeEntities":3477,"slug":3478,"properties":3479,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"f72bef3d-3475-4142-a060-2693a5a901c8","2024-09-21T22:55:30.768+00:00",[],"Natural-Environmental-Research-Council-Centre-for-Ecology-and-Hydrology-Edinburgh-Research-Station-Penicuik-EH260QB-Midlothian-Scotland",{"title":3480},{"EN":3481},"Natural Environmental Research Council, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh Research Station, Penicuik EH260QB, Midlothian, Scotland",{"openalex":3483,"title":3485},{"VOID":3484},"A5018940677",{"EN":3486},"M. 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K., Macduff, J. H., and Collison, M.: Dynamics of nitrogen remobilization in defoliated \\\\textitPhleum pratense and \\\\textitFestuca pratensis under short and long photoperiods, Physiol. Plant., 103, 426–436, 1998.",{"doi":3688},"10.1034\u002Fj.1399-3054.1998.1030316.x",{"id":23,"text":3690,"url":23,"identifiers":3691},"Bloom, A. J. and Chapin, F. S.: Differences in steady-state net ammonium and nitrate influx by cold- and warm adapted barley varieties, Plant Physiol., 68, 1064–1067, 1981.",{"doi":3692},"10.1104\u002Fpp.68.5.1064",{"id":23,"text":3694,"url":23,"identifiers":3695},"Clarkson, D. T., Hopper, M. J., and Jones, L. H. P.: The effect of root temperature on the uptake of nitrogen and the relative size of the root system in \\\\textitLolium perenne. I. Solutions containing both NH$_4^+$ and NO$_3^-$, Plant Cell Environ., 9, 535–545, 1986.",{"doi":3696},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3040.1986.tb01585.x",{"id":23,"text":3698,"url":23,"identifiers":3699},"David, M., Roche, R., Mattsson M., Schjoerring, J. K., Sutton, M. A., Daemmgen, U., and Cellier, P.: Analysis of ammonia fluxes with intensively managed grassland using dynamic chambers II. The effect of management options, Biogeosciences Discuss., (in press), 2009.",{"doi":3700},"10.5194\u002Fbgd-6-1625-2009",{"id":23,"text":3702,"url":23,"identifiers":3703},"Farquhar, G. D., Firth, P. M., Wetselaar, R., and Weir, B.: On the gaseous exchange of ammonia between leaves and the environment. Determination of the ammonia compensation point, Plant Physiol., 66, 710–714, 1980.",{"doi":3704},"10.1104\u002Fpp.66.4.710",{"id":23,"text":3706,"url":23,"identifiers":3707},"Hanstein, S., Mattsson, M., Jaeger, H.-J., and Schjoerring, J. K.: Uptake and utilization of atmospheric ammonia in three native \\\\textitPoaceae species: Leaf conductances, composition of apoplastic solution and interactions with nitrogen supply, New Phytol., 141, 71–83, 1999.",{"doi":3708},"10.1046\u002Fj.1469-8137.1999.00330.x",{"id":23,"text":3710,"url":23,"identifiers":3711},"Herrmann, B., Jones, S. K., Fuhrer, J., Feller, U., and Neftel, A.: N budget and NH3 exchange of a grass\u002Fclover crop at two levels of N application, Plant and Soil, 235, 243–252, 2001.",{"doi":3712},"10.1023\u002FA:1011961416623",{"id":23,"text":3714,"url":23,"identifiers":3715},"Herrmann, B., Mattsson, M., Jones, S. K., Cellier, P., Milford, C., Sutton, M. A., Schjoerring, J. K., and Neftel, A.: Vertical structure and diurnal variability of ammonia exchange potential within an intensively managed grass canopy, Biogeosciences, 6, 15–23, 2009.",{"doi":3716},"10.5194\u002Fbg-6-15-2009",{"id":23,"text":3718,"url":23,"identifiers":3719},"Hill, P. W., Raven, J. A., and Sutton, M. A.: Leaf age-related differences in apoplastic NH$_4^+$ concentration, pH and the NH3 compensation point for a wild perennial, J. Exp. Bot., 53, 277–286, 2002.",{"doi":3720},"10.1093\u002Fjxb\u002F53.367.277",{"id":23,"text":3722,"url":23,"identifiers":3723},"Horvath, L., Astalos, M., Fuhrer, E., Meszaros, R., and Weidinger, T.: Measurement of ammonia exchange over grassland in the Hungarian Great Plain, Agric. Forest Meteorol., 130, 282–298, 2005.",{"doi":3724},"10.1016\u002Fj.agrformet.2005.04.005",{"id":23,"text":3726,"url":23,"identifiers":3727},"Husted, S. and Schjoerring, J. K.: Apoplastic pH and ammonium concentration in leaves of \\\\textitBrassica napus L., Plant Physiol., 109, 1453–1460, 1995.",{"doi":3728},"10.1104\u002Fpp.109.4.1453",{"id":23,"text":3730,"url":23,"identifiers":3731},"Husted, S. and Schjoerring, J. K.: Ammonia flux between oilseed rape plants and the atmosphere in response to changes in leaf temperature, light intensity, and air humidity, Plant Physiol., 112, 67–74, 1996.",{"doi":3732},"10.1104\u002Fpp.112.1.67",{"id":23,"text":3734,"url":23,"identifiers":3735},"Husted, S., Mattsson, M, and Schjoerring, J. K.: Ammonia compensation points in two cultivars of \\\\textitHordeum vulgare L. during vegetative and generative growth, Plant, Cell Environ., 19, 1299–1306, 1996.",{"doi":3736},"10.1111\u002Fj.1365-3040.1996.tb00008.x",{"id":23,"text":3738,"url":23,"identifiers":3739},"Husted, S., Hebbern, C. A., Mattsson, M., and Schjoerring, J. K.: Determination of ammonium, low molecular weight amines and amides in plant tissue, Physiol. Plant., 109, 167–179, 2000a.",{"doi":3740},"10.1034\u002Fj.1399-3054.2000.100209.x",{"id":23,"text":3742,"url":23,"identifiers":3743},"Husted, S., Schjoerring, J. K., Nielsen, K. H. Nemitz, E., and Sutton, M. A.: Stomatal compensation points for ammonia in oilseed rape plants under field conditions, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 105, 371–383, 2000b.",{"doi":3744},"10.1016\u002FS0168-1923(00)00204-5",{"id":23,"text":3746,"url":23,"identifiers":3747},"Loubet, B., Milford, C., Hill, P. W., Tang, Y. S., Cellier, P., and Sutton, M. S.: Seasonal variability of apoplastic NH$_4^+$ and pH in an intensively managed grassland, Plant and Soil, 238, 97–110, 2002.",{"doi":3748},"10.1023\u002FA:1014208926195",{"id":23,"text":3750,"url":23,"identifiers":3751},"Mattsson, M. and Schjoerring, J. K.: Ammonia emission from young barley plant: influence of N-source, light\u002Fdark cycles and inhibition of glutamine synthetase, J. Exp. Bot., 47, 477–484, 1996.",{"doi":3752},"10.1093\u002Fjxb\u002F47.4.477",{"id":23,"text":3754,"url":23,"identifiers":3755},"Mattsson, M., Häusler, R. E., Leegood, R. C., Lea, P. J., and Schjoerring, J. K.: Leaf-atmosphere ammonia exchange in barley mutants with reduced activities of glutamine synthetase, Plant Physiol., 114, 1307–1312, 1997.",{"doi":3756},"10.1104\u002Fpp.114.4.1307",{"id":23,"text":3758,"url":23,"identifiers":3759},"Mattsson, M., Husted, S., and Schjoerring, J. K.: Influence of nitrogen nutrition and metabolism on ammonia volatilization in plants, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 51, 35–40, 1998.",{"doi":3760},"10.1023\u002FA:1009796610912",{"id":23,"text":3762,"url":23,"identifiers":3763},"Mattsson, M. and Schjoerring, J. K.: Dynamic and steady state responses of inorganic nitrogen pools and NH3 exchange in leaves of \\\\textitLolium perenne and \\\\textitBromus erectus to changes in root supply, Plant Physiol, 128, 742–750, 2002.",{"doi":3764},"10.1104\u002Fpp.010602",{"id":23,"text":3766,"url":23,"identifiers":3767},"Mattsson, M. and Schjoerring, J. K.: Senescence-induced changes in apoplastic and bulk tissue ammonia concentrations of rye-grass leaves, New Phytol., 160, 489–499, 2003.",{"doi":3768},"10.1046\u002Fj.1469-8137.2003.00902.x",{"id":23,"text":3770,"url":23,"identifiers":3771},"Mattsson, M., Herrmann, B., Jones, S., Borella, S., Dorsey, J., and Schjoerring, J. K.: Contribution of different grass species to NH3 exchange between plants and the atmosphere in intensively managed grassland, Biogeosciences, 6, 59–66, 2009.",{"doi":3772},"10.5194\u002Fbg-6-59-2009",{"id":23,"text":3774,"url":23,"identifiers":3775},"Milford, C., Theobald, M. R., Nemitz, E. N., Hargreaves, K. J., Horvath, L., Raso, J., Daemmgen, U., Neftel, A., Jones, S., Hensen, A., Loubet, B., and Sutton, M. A.: Ammonia fluxes in relation to cutting and fertilization of intensively managed grassland derived from an inter-comparison of gradient measurements, Biogeosciences Discuss., 5, 4699–4744, 2008.",{"doi":3776},"10.5194\u002Fbgd-5-4699-2008",{"id":23,"text":3778,"url":23,"identifiers":3779},"Nemitz, E., Sutton, M. A., Gut, A., San José, R., Husted, S., and Schjoerring, J. K.: Sources and sinks of ammonia within an oilseed rape canopy, Agric. Forest Meteorol., 105, 385–404, 2000.",{"doi":3780},"10.1016\u002FS0168-1923(00)00205-7",{"id":23,"text":3782,"url":23,"identifiers":3783},"Ourry, A., Boucard, J., and Salette, J.: Nitrogen remobilisation from stubble and roots during re-growth of defoliated ryegrass, J. Exp. Bot., 39, 803–809, 1988.",{"doi":3784},"10.1093\u002Fjxb\u002F39.6.803",{"id":23,"text":3786,"url":23,"identifiers":3787},"Ourry, A., Gonzales, B., and Boucaud, J.: Osmoregulation and role of nitrate during regrowth after cutting of ryegrass (\\\\textitLolium perenne), Physiol. Plant., 76, 177–182, 1989.",{"doi":3788},"10.1111\u002Fj.1399-3054.1989.tb05628.x",{"id":23,"text":3790,"url":23,"identifiers":3791},"Riedo, M., Milford, C., Schmid, M., and Sutton, M. A.: Coupling soil-plant-atmosphere exchange of ammonia with ecosystem functioning in grasslands, Ecol. Model., 158, 83–110, 2002..",{"doi":3792},"10.1016\u002FS0304-3800(02)00169-2",{"id":23,"text":3794,"url":23,"identifiers":3795},"Schjoerring, J. K. and Mattsson, M.: Quantification of ammonia exchange between agricultural cropland and the atmosphere: Measurements over two complete growth cycles of oilseed rape, wheat, barley and pea, Plant Soil, 228, 105–115, 2001.",{"doi":3796},"10.1023\u002FA:1004851001342",{"id":23,"text":3798,"url":23,"identifiers":3799},"Sutton, M. A., Milford, C., Nemitz, E., Theobald, M. R., Hill, P. W., Fowler, D., Schjoerring, J. K., Mattsson, M., Nielsen, K. H., Husted, S., Erisman, J. W., Otjes, R., Hensen, A., Cellier, P., Loubet, B., David, M., Genermont, S., Neftel, A., Blatter, A., Hermann, B., Jones, S. K., Horvath, L., Führer, E., Mantzanas, C., Koukoura, K., Gallagher, M., Williams, P., and Riedo, M.: Biosphere-atmosphere interactions of ammonia with grasslands: experimental strategy and results from a new European initiative, Plant Soil, 228, 131–135, 2001.",{"doi":3800},"10.1023\u002FA:1004822100016",{"id":23,"text":3802,"url":23,"identifiers":3803},"Schäufele, R. and Schnyder, H.: Carbon and nitrogen deposition in expanding tissue elements of perennial ryegrass (\\\\textitLolium perenne L) leaves during non-steady growth after defoliation, Plant. Cell Environ., 24, 407–417, 2001.",{"doi":3804},"10.1046\u002Fj.1365-3040.2001.00689.x",{"id":23,"text":3806,"url":23,"identifiers":3807},"Sommer, S. G., Schjoerring, J. K., and Denmead, O. T.: Ammonia emission from mineral fertilizers and fertilized crops, Adv. Agron., 82, 557–622, 2004.",{"doi":3808},"10.1016\u002FS0065-2113(03)82008-4",{"id":23,"text":3810,"url":23,"identifiers":3811},"Sutton, M. A., Nemitz, E., Theobald, M. R., Milford, C., Dorsey, J. R., Gallagher, M. W., Hensen, A., Jongejan, P. A. C., Erisman, J.,W., Mattsson, M., Schjoerring, J. K., Cellier, P., Loubet, B., Roche, R., Neftel, A., Herrmann, B., Jones, S., Lehman, B. E., Horvath, L., Weidinger, T., Rajkai, K., Burkhardt, J., Löpmeier, F. J., and Daemmgen U.: Dynamics of ammonia exchange with cut grassland: Strategy and implementation of the GRAMINAE Integrated Experiment, Biogeosciences Discuss., 5, 3347–3407, 2008.",{"doi":3812},"10.5194\u002Fbgd-5-3347-2008",{"id":23,"text":3814,"url":23,"identifiers":3815},"Trebs, I., Lara, L. L., Zeri, L. M. M., Gatti, L. V., Artaxo, P., Dlugi, R., Slanina, J., Andreae, M. O., and Meixner, F. X.: Dry and wet deposition of inorganic nitrogen compounds to a tropical pasture site (Rondonia, Brazil), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 447–469, 2006.",{"doi":3816},"10.5194\u002Facp-6-447-2006",{"id":23,"text":3818,"url":23,"identifiers":3819},"van Hove, L. W. A., Heeres, P., and Bossen, M. E.: The annual variation in stomatal ammonia compensation point of rye grass (\\\\textitLolium perenne L.) leaves in an intensively managed grassland, Atmos. Environ., 36, 2965–2977, 2002.",{"doi":3820},"10.1016\u002FS1352-2310(02)00242-X",{"id":23,"text":3822,"url":23,"identifiers":3823},"Whitehead, D. C.: Grasses: Uptake of nitrogen and effects on morphology and physiology. In: DC Whitehead, Ed. Grassland nitrogen. CAB International, UK 16–34, 1995.",{},{"id":23,"text":3825,"url":23,"identifiers":3826},"Wichink Kruit, R. J., van Pul, W. A. J., Otjes, R. P., Hofschreuder, P., Jacobs, A. F. G., and Holtslag, A. A. M.: Ammonia fluxes and derived canopy compensation points over non-fertilized agricultural grassland in The Netherlands using the new gradient ammonia – high accuracy – monitor (GRAHAM), Atmos. Environ., 41, 1275–1287, 2007.",{"doi":3827},"10.1016\u002Fj.atmosenv.2006.09.039",{"id":3829,"createTime":3830,"updateTime":3830,"relativeEntities":3831,"slug":3832,"properties":3833,"entityType":136,"verifyStatus":137,"verifyTime":3845,"verifyNote":138,"syncStatus":22,"languages":3846,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24,"primaryUrl":3847,"fullTextUrl":23,"authors":3848,"publicationType":1179,"publisherRelationship":4030,"citationCount":4066,"citationInfo":4067,"publishDate":23,"publishYear":23,"citationAnalyzeStatus":22,"lastCitationAnalyze":23,"indexDatabases":23,"openAccess":23,"references":4069,"isForceReanalyzing":1494},"f2a5dd96-a9f8-48c3-bed3-bf8badecd28e","2024-09-21T22:55:30.687+00:00",[],"Processes-of-ammonia-air-surface-exchange-in-a-fertilized-amp-lt-i-amp-gt-Zea-mays-amp-lt-i-amp-gt-canopy",{"mag":3834,"keywords":3836,"openalex":3837,"abstract":3839,"title":3841,"doi":3843},{"VOID":3835},"1986871037",{},{"VOID":3838},"W1986871037",{"EN":3840},"\u003Cjats:p>Abstract. Recent incorporation of coupled soil biogeochemical and bi-directional NH3 air–surface exchange algorithms into regional air quality models holds promise for further reducing uncertainty in estimates of NH3 emissions from fertilized soils. While this represents a significant advancement over previous approaches, the evaluation and improvement of such modeling systems for fertilized crops requires process-level field measurements over extended periods of time that capture the range of soil, vegetation, and atmospheric conditions that drive short-term (i.e., post-fertilization) and total growing season NH3 fluxes. This study examines the processes of NH3 air–surface exchange in a fertilized corn (Zea mays) canopy over the majority of a growing season to characterize soil emissions after fertilization and investigate soil–canopy interactions. Micrometeorological flux measurements above the canopy, measurements of soil, leaf apoplast and dew\u002Fguttation chemistry, and a combination of in-canopy measurements, inverse source\u002Fsink, and resistance modeling were employed. Over a period of approximately 10 weeks following fertilization, daily mean and median net canopy-scale fluxes yielded cumulative total N losses of 8.4% and 6.1%, respectively, of the 134 kg N ha−1 surface applied to the soil as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). During the first month after fertilization, daily mean emission fluxes were positively correlated with soil temperature and soil volumetric water. Diurnally, maximum hourly average fluxes of ≈ 700 ng N m−2 s−1 occurred near mid-day, coincident with the daily maximum in friction velocity. Net emission was still observed 5 to 10 weeks after fertilization, although mid-day peak fluxes had declined to ≈ 125 ng N m−2 s−1. A key finding of the surface chemistry measurements was the observation of high pH (7.0–8.5) in leaf dew\u002Fguttation, which reduced the ability of the canopy to recapture soil emissions during wet periods. In-canopy measurements near peak leaf area index (LAI) indicated that the concentration of NH3 just above the soil surface was highly positively correlated with soil volumetric water, which likely reflects the influence of soil moisture on resistance to gaseous diffusion through the soil profile and hydrolysis of remaining urea. Inverse source\u002Fsink and resistance modeling indicated that the canopy recaptured ≈ 76% of soil emissions near peak LAI. Stomatal uptake may account for 12–34% of total uptake by foliage during the day compared to 66–88% deposited to the cuticle. Future process-level NH3 studies in fertilized cropping systems should focus on the temporal dynamics of net emission to the atmosphere from fertilization to peak LAI and improvement of soil and cuticular resistance parameterizations.\n                    \u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":3842},"Processes of ammonia air–surface exchange in a fertilized <i>Zea mays<\u002Fi> canopy",{"VOID":3844},"10.5194\u002Fbg-10-981-2013","2024-09-21T22:55:30.686+00:00",[140],"https:\u002F\u002Fbg.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F10\u002F981\u002F2013\u002F",[3849,3880,3901,3918,3939,3960,3975,3992,4009],{"id":3850,"sortIndex":274,"researcher":23,"roles":3851,"affiliations":3852,"properties":3873},"cab38711-195b-4efb-a3ab-8006615f3207",[],[3853,3863],{"id":3854,"sortIndex":274,"affiliation":3855,"properties":23},"a3987150-abee-4022-9dee-52f4e9381164",{"id":3856,"createTime":3857,"updateTime":3857,"relativeEntities":3858,"slug":3859,"properties":3860,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"b6caf5bc-1727-44cb-9c1d-3863fcccca7e","2024-09-21T22:55:30.701+00:00",[],"National-Risk-Management-Research-Laboratory-US-Environmental-Protection-Agency-Office-of-Research-and-Development-Durham-NC-27711-USA",{"title":3861},{"EN":3862},"National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental  Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Durham, NC 27711, USA",{"id":3864,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":3865,"properties":23},"686c212b-0301-4ea6-97a6-7f52f4efa98f",{"id":3866,"createTime":3867,"updateTime":3867,"relativeEntities":3868,"slug":3869,"properties":3870,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"4238d2a0-195f-464d-bc34-171e0d174261","2024-09-21T22:55:30.711+00:00",[],"Centre-for-Ecology-and-Hydrology-CEH-Edinburgh-Bush-Estate-Penicuik-EH26-0QB-UK",{"title":3871},{"EN":3872},"Centre for Ecology  and Hydrology (CEH), Edinburgh, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK",{"openalex":3874,"orcid":3876,"title":3878},{"VOID":3875},"A5027338584",{"VOID":3877},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-2006-8809",{"EN":3879},"Matthew R. 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E., Flechard, C., and Burkhardt, J.: Dynamics of ammonia exchange with cut grassland: synthesis of results and conclusions of the GRAMINAE Integrated Experiment, Biogeosciences, 6, 2907–2934, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fbg-6-2907-2009, 2009.",{"doi":4221},"10.5194\u002Fbg-6-2907-2009",{"id":23,"text":4223,"url":23,"identifiers":4224},"US EPA: Compendium Method IO 4.2: Determination of Reactive Acidic and Basic Gases and Strong Acidity of Fine-Particles (< 2.5 μm). EPA\u002F625\u002FR-96010a; US EPA: Cincinnati, OH, 1997.",{},{"id":23,"text":4226,"url":23,"identifiers":4227},"US EPA: National Emissions Inventory, http:\u002F\u002Fwww.epa.gov\u002Fttn\u002Fchief\u002Fnet\u002F2002inventory.html#inventorydata, (last access: March 2012), 2005.",{},{"id":23,"text":4229,"url":23,"identifiers":4230},"Vlek, P. L. G. and Carter, M. C.: The effect of soil environment and fertilizer modifications on the rate of urea hydrolysis, Soil Sci., 136, 56–63, 1983.",{"doi":4231},"10.1097\u002F00010694-198307000-00008",{"id":23,"text":4233,"url":23,"identifiers":4234},"Walker, J. T., Robarge, W. P., Wu., Y., and Meyers, T.: Measurement of bi-directional ammonia fluxes over soybean using the modified Bowen-ratio technique, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 138, 54–68, 2006.",{"doi":4235},"10.1016\u002Fj.agrformet.2006.03.011",{"id":23,"text":4237,"url":23,"identifiers":4238},"Watson, C. J., Miller, H., Poland, P., Kilpatrick, D. J., Allen, M. D. B., Garrett, M. K., and Christianson, C. B.: Soil properties and the ability of the urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (nBTPT) to reduce ammonia volatilization from surface-applied urea, Soil Biol. Biochem., 26, 1165–1171, 1994.",{"doi":4239},"10.1016\u002F0038-0717(94)90139-2",{"id":23,"text":4241,"url":23,"identifiers":4242},"Watson, C. J., Akhonzada, N. A., Hamilton, J. T. 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Environ., 27A, 2085–2090, 1993.",{"doi":4251},"10.1016\u002F0960-1686(93)90280-C",{"id":4253,"createTime":4254,"updateTime":4254,"relativeEntities":4255,"slug":4256,"properties":4257,"entityType":136,"verifyStatus":137,"verifyTime":4254,"verifyNote":138,"syncStatus":22,"languages":4269,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24,"primaryUrl":4270,"fullTextUrl":23,"authors":4271,"publicationType":1179,"publisherRelationship":4356,"citationCount":4393,"citationInfo":4394,"publishDate":23,"publishYear":23,"citationAnalyzeStatus":22,"lastCitationAnalyze":23,"indexDatabases":23,"openAccess":23,"references":4396,"isForceReanalyzing":1494},"19973645-b107-44c0-9fd5-af9459b3141a","2024-09-21T22:55:29.653+00:00",[],"Evaluation-of-a-regional-air-quality-model-with-bidirectional-NH-amp-lt-sub-amp-gt-3-amp-lt-sub-amp-gt-exchange-coupled-to-an-agroecosystem-model",{"mag":4258,"keywords":4260,"openalex":4261,"abstract":4263,"title":4265,"doi":4267},{"VOID":4259},"2154755281",{},{"VOID":4262},"W2154755281",{"EN":4264},"\u003Cjats:p>Abstract. Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) is the primary atmospheric base and an important precursor for inorganic particulate matter and when deposited NH3 contributes to surface water eutrophication, soil acidification and decline in species biodiversity. Flux measurements indicate that the air–surface exchange of NH3 is bidirectional. However, the effects of bidirectional exchange, soil biogeochemistry and human activity are not parameterized in air quality models. The US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Community Multiscale Air-Quality (CMAQ) model with bidirectional NH3 exchange has been coupled with the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) agroecosystem model. The coupled CMAQ-EPIC model relies on EPIC fertilization timing, rate and composition while CMAQ models the soil ammonium (NH4+) pool by conserving the ammonium mass due to fertilization, evasion, deposition, and nitrification processes. This mechanistically coupled modeling system reduced the biases and error in NHx (NH3 + NH4+) wet deposition and in ambient aerosol concentrations in an annual 2002 Continental US (CONUS) domain simulation when compared to a 2002 annual simulation of CMAQ without bidirectional exchange. Fertilizer emissions estimated in CMAQ 5.0 with bidirectional exchange exhibits markedly different seasonal dynamics than the US EPA's National Emissions Inventory (NEI), with lower emissions in the spring and fall and higher emissions in July.\u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":4266},"Evaluation of a regional air-quality model with bidirectional NH<sub>3<\u002Fsub> exchange coupled to an agroecosystem model",{"VOID":4268},"10.5194\u002Fbg-10-1635-2013",[140],"https:\u002F\u002Fbg.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F10\u002F1635\u002F2013\u002F",[4272,4292,4310,4324,4339],{"id":4273,"sortIndex":108,"researcher":23,"roles":4274,"affiliations":4275,"properties":4287},"da197c47-4f3c-480b-8a25-47de49600f80",[],[4276],{"id":4277,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":4278,"properties":23},"dc253d13-2dd8-4875-aeb0-d701aca17b4a",{"id":4279,"createTime":4280,"updateTime":4281,"relativeEntities":4282,"slug":4283,"properties":4284,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"ff4f458d-24b0-449a-b43e-c7783ba58430","2024-01-09T01:06:19.770+00:00","2024-09-21T22:55:29.710+00:00",[],"National-Exposure-Research-Laboratory-Office-of-Research-and-Development-US-Environmental-Protection-Agency-Research-Triangle-Park-NC-27711-USA",{"title":4285},{"VI":4286},"National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA",{"openalex":4288,"title":4290},{"VOID":4289},"A5056035228",{"EN":4291},"Robin L. 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P., Coyle, M., Gerosa, G., Loubet, B., Altimir, N., Gruenhage, L., Ammann, C., Cieslik, S., Paoletti, E., Mikkelsen, T. N., Ro-Poulsen, H., Cellier, P., Cape, J. N., Horváth, L., Loreto, F., Niinemets, Ü., Palmer, P. I., Rinne, J., Misztal, P., Nemitz, E., Nilsson, D., Pryor, S., Gallagher, M. W., Vesala, T., Skiba, U., Brüggemann, N., Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S., Williams, J., O'Dowd, C., Facchini, M. C., de Leeuw, G., Flossman, A., Chaumerliac, N., and Erisman, J. W.: Atmospheric composition change: Ecosystem-atmosphere interactions, Atmos. Environ., 43, 5193–5267, 2009.",{"doi":4438},"10.1016\u002Fj.atmosenv.2009.07.068",{"id":23,"text":4440,"url":23,"identifiers":4441},"Foley, K. M., Roselle, S. J., Appel, K. W., Bhave, P. V., Pleim, J. E., Otte, T. L., Mathur, R., Sarwar, G., Young, J. O., Gilliam, R. C., Nolte, C. G., Kelly, J. T., Gilliland, A. B., and Bash, J. O.: Incremental testing of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 4.7, Geosci. 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Pres, Cambridge, UK, 2011.",{"doi":4547},"10.1017\u002FCBO9780511976988",{"id":23,"text":4549,"url":23,"identifiers":4550},"Tost, H., Lawrence, M. G., Brühl, C., Jöckel, P., The GABRIEL Team, and The SCOUT-O3-DARWIN\u002FACTIVE Team: Uncertainties in atmospheric chemistry modelling due to convection parameterisations and subsequent scavenging, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 1931–1951, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Facp-10-1931-2010, 2010.",{"doi":4551},"10.5194\u002Facp-10-1931-2010",{"id":23,"text":4553,"url":23,"identifiers":4554},"Walker, J. T., Jones, M. R., Bash, J. O., Myles, L., Meyers, T., Schwede, D., Herrick, J., Nemitz, E., and Robarge, W.: Processes of ammonia air-surface exchange in a fertilized Zea mays canopy, Biogeosciences, 10, 981–998, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fbg-10-981-2013, 2013.",{"doi":3844},{"id":23,"text":4556,"url":23,"identifiers":4557},"Wickink Kruit, R., van Pau, W., Sauter, F., van den Broek, M., Nemitz, E., Sutton, M., Krol, M., and Holtslag, A.: Modeling the surface-atmosphere exchange of ammonia, Atmos. Environ., 44, 945–957, 2010",{"doi":4558},"10.1016\u002Fj.atmosenv.2009.11.049",{"id":23,"text":4560,"url":23,"identifiers":4561},"Wichink Kruit, R. J., Schaap, M., Sauter, F. J., van Zanten, M. C., and van Pul, W. A. J.: Modeling the distribution of ammonia across Europe including bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange, Biogeosciences, 9, 5261–5277, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fbg-9-5261-2012, 2012.",{"doi":4562},"10.5194\u002Fbg-9-5261-2012",{"id":23,"text":4564,"url":23,"identifiers":4565},"Williams, J. R., Izuarralde, R. C., and Steglich, E. M.: Agricultural Policy\u002FEnvironmental eXtender Model: Theoretical documentation version 0604, Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas, AgriLIFE Research, Texas A{&}M University, Temple, TX, http:\u002F\u002Fepicapex.brc.tamus.edu\u002Fmedia\u002F12550\u002Fapex20documentation.pdf, 2008.",{},{"id":23,"text":4567,"url":23,"identifiers":4568},"Xiu, A. and Pleim, J. E.: Development of a land surface model. Part I: Application in a mesoscale meteorological model, J. Appl. Meteorol., 40, 192–209, 2001.",{},{"id":23,"text":4570,"url":23,"identifiers":4571},"Zhang, L., Wright, L. P., and Asman, W. A. H.: Bi-directional air-surface exchange of atmospheric ammonia: A review of measurements and a development of a big leaf model for applications in regional-scale air-quality models, J. Geophys. Res. 115, D20310, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2009JD013589, 2010.",{"doi":4572},"10.1029\u002F2009JD013589",{"id":4574,"createTime":4575,"updateTime":4575,"relativeEntities":4576,"slug":4577,"properties":4578,"entityType":136,"verifyStatus":137,"verifyTime":4575,"verifyNote":138,"syncStatus":22,"languages":4590,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24,"primaryUrl":4591,"fullTextUrl":23,"authors":4592,"publicationType":1179,"publisherRelationship":4766,"citationCount":4802,"citationInfo":4803,"publishDate":23,"publishYear":23,"citationAnalyzeStatus":22,"lastCitationAnalyze":23,"indexDatabases":23,"openAccess":23,"references":4805,"isForceReanalyzing":1494},"1fc76a8c-2efe-45b2-9de1-5d5412af8b76","2024-09-21T22:55:29.987+00:00",[],"Advances-in-understanding-models-and-parameterizations-of-biosphere-atmosphere-ammonia-exchange",{"mag":4579,"keywords":4581,"openalex":4582,"abstract":4584,"title":4586,"doi":4588},{"VOID":4580},"2159130038",{},{"VOID":4583},"W2159130038",{"EN":4585},"\u003Cjats:p>Abstract. Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) dominates global emissions of total reactive nitrogen (Nr), while emissions from agricultural production systems contribute about two-thirds of global NH3 emissions; the remaining third emanates from oceans, natural vegetation, humans, wild animals and biomass burning. On land, NH3 emitted from the various sources eventually returns to the biosphere by dry deposition to sink areas, predominantly semi-natural vegetation, and by wet and dry deposition as ammonium (NH4+) to all surfaces. However, the land\u002Fatmosphere exchange of gaseous NH3 is in fact bi-directional over unfertilized as well as fertilized ecosystems, with periods and areas of emission and deposition alternating in time (diurnal, seasonal) and space (patchwork landscapes). The exchange is controlled by a range of environmental factors, including meteorology, surface layer turbulence, thermodynamics, air and surface heterogeneous-phase chemistry, canopy geometry, plant development stage, leaf age, organic matter decomposition, soil microbial turnover, and, in agricultural systems, by fertilizer application rate, fertilizer type, soil type, crop type, and agricultural management practices. We review the range of processes controlling NH3 emission and uptake in the different parts of the soil-canopy-atmosphere continuum, with NH3 emission potentials defined at the substrate and leaf levels by different [NH4+] \u002F [H+] ratios (Γ). Surface\u002Fatmosphere exchange models for NH3 are necessary to compute the temporal and spatial patterns of emissions and deposition at the soil, plant, field, landscape, regional and global scales, in order to assess the multiple environmental impacts of airborne and deposited NH3 and NH4+. Models of soil\u002Fvegetation\u002Fatmosphere NH3 exchange are reviewed from the substrate and leaf scales to the global scale. They range from simple steady-state, \"big leaf\" canopy resistance models, to dynamic, multi-layer, multi-process, multi-chemical species schemes. Their level of complexity depends on their purpose, the spatial scale at which they are applied, the current level of parameterization, and the availability of the input data they require. State-of-the-art solutions for determining the emission\u002Fsink Γ potentials through the soil\u002Fcanopy system include coupled, interactive chemical transport models (CTM) and soil\u002Fecosystem modelling at the regional scale. However, it remains a matter for debate to what extent realistic options for future regional and global models should be based on process-based mechanistic versus empirical and regression-type models. Further discussion is needed on the extent and timescale by which new approaches can be used, such as integration with ecosystem models and satellite observations.\n                    \u003C\u002Fjats:p>",{"EN":4587},"Advances in understanding, models and parameterizations of biosphere-atmosphere ammonia exchange",{"VOID":4589},"10.5194\u002Fbg-10-5183-2013",[140],"https:\u002F\u002Fbg.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F10\u002F5183\u002F2013\u002F",[4593,4611,4625,4647,4678,4695,4713,4730,4744],{"id":4594,"sortIndex":645,"researcher":23,"roles":4595,"affiliations":4596,"properties":4607},"dbb0942f-59e8-405f-8348-3f12165346ca",[],[4597],{"id":4598,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":4599,"properties":23},"fe18cd65-f255-4b0a-9f59-2e500bb742bb",{"id":4600,"createTime":4601,"updateTime":4601,"relativeEntities":4602,"slug":4603,"properties":4604,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"23152b86-72f0-47bb-8d61-63b58c9a5101","2024-09-21T22:55:30.182+00:00",[],"Centre-for-Ecology-and-Hydrology-Royaume-Uni-",{"title":4605},{"EN":4606},"Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (Royaume-Uni)",{"openalex":4608,"orcid":4609,"title":4610},{"VOID":4004},{"VOID":4006},{"EN":4008},{"id":4612,"sortIndex":1010,"researcher":23,"roles":4613,"affiliations":4614,"properties":4621},"83076a22-c74c-4859-88d6-a30989c26c1b",[],[4615],{"id":4616,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":4617,"properties":23},"194883f8-bfd2-4a99-9fad-e1e376eca70e",{"id":4600,"createTime":4601,"updateTime":4601,"relativeEntities":4618,"slug":4603,"properties":4619,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},[],{"title":4620},{"EN":4606},{"openalex":4622,"orcid":4623,"title":4624},{"VOID":3578},{"VOID":3580},{"EN":3582},{"id":4626,"sortIndex":109,"researcher":23,"roles":4627,"affiliations":4628,"properties":4640},"e5f70af8-f063-451f-971c-6d61f3aa9f78",[],[4629],{"id":4630,"sortIndex":24,"affiliation":4631,"properties":23},"ded3c0a6-9340-46e5-af1d-aeeb58364186",{"id":4632,"createTime":4633,"updateTime":4634,"relativeEntities":4635,"slug":4636,"properties":4637,"entityType":52,"verifyStatus":22,"verifyTime":23,"verifyNote":23,"syncStatus":22,"languages":23,"translateLanguages":23,"viewCount":24},"567934df-ee8d-4885-a70b-30edf0ca92e5","2024-09-05T19:28:31.684+00:00","2024-10-04T04:58:36.621+00:00",[],"EGC-Environnement-et-Grandes-Cultures-UMR-Environnement-et-Grandes-Cultures-F-78850-Thiverval-Grignon-France-",{"title":4638},{"EN":4639},"EGC - 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