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This study constructed a discrete event simulation (DES) model of an inpatient EP care delivery process, simulating a generalized inpatient journey of EP patients from admission to discharge in the cardiology department of a tertiary hospital in China. The model shows how many more patients the system can serve under different resource constraints by optimizing various phases of the care delivery process. Model inputs were based on and validated using real-world data, simulating the scheduling of limited resources among competing demands from different patient types. The patient stay consists of three stages, namely: the pre-operative stay, the EP procedure, and the post-operative stay. The model outcome was the total number of discharges during the simulation period. The scenario analysis presented in this paper covers two capacity-limiting scenarios (CLS): (1) fully occupied ward beds and (2) fully occupied electrophysiology laboratories (EP labs). Within each CLS, we investigated potential throughput when the length of stay or operative time was reduced by 10%, 20%, and 30%. The reductions were applied to patients with atrial fibrillation, the most common indication accounting for almost 30% of patients. Model validation showed simulation results approximated actual data (137.2 discharges calculated vs. 137 observed). With fully occupied wards, reducing pre- and\u002For post-operative stay time resulted in a 1–7% increased throughput. With fully occupied EP labs, reduced operative time increased throughput by 3–12%. Model validation and scenario analyses demonstrated that the DES model reliably reflects the EP care delivery process. Simulations identified which phases of the process should be optimized under different resource constraints, and the expected increases in patients served.",{"EN":136,"VI":137},"Optimizing the management of electrophysiology labs in Chinese hospitals using a discrete event simulation tool","Tối ưu hóa quản lý phòng điện sinh lý tại các bệnh viện Trung Quốc bằng công cụ mô phỏng sự kiện rời rạc",{"VOID":139},"Desai DS, Hajouli S. Arrhythmias. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 [cited 2022 Oct 17]. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Fbooks\u002FNBK558923\u002F.\nKastor JA, Saba MM. Cardiac Arrhythmias. In: eLS [Internet]. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2009 [cited 2022 Sep 26]. Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002Fabs\u002F10.1002\u002F9780470015902.a0002112.pub2.\nFuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et al. ACC\u002FAHA\u002FESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\u002FAmerican Heart Association Task Force on Practice guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to revise the 2001 guidelines for the management of patients with Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2006;114(7):e257–354.\nWolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22(8):983–8.\nHannon N, Sheehan O, Kelly L, Marnane M, Merwick A, Moore A, et al. Stroke Associated with Atrial Fibrillation– Incidence and early outcomes in the North Dublin Population Stroke Study. Cerebrovasc Dis Basel Switz. 2009;29(1):43–9.\nWang TJ, Larson MG, Levy D, Vasan RS, Leip EP, Wolf PA, et al. Temporal relations of atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure and their joint influence on mortality: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2003;107(23):2920–5.\nBunch TJ, Weiss JP, Crandall BG, May HT, Bair TL, Osborn JS, et al. Atrial fibrillation is independently associated with senile, vascular, and Alzheimer’s dementia. Heart Rhythm. 2010;7(4):433–7.\nMiyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Bailey KR, Cha SS, Gersh BJ, Seward JB, et al. Mortality trends in patients diagnosed with first atrial fibrillation: a 21-year community-based study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49(9):986–92.\nBenjamin EJ, Wolf PA, D’Agostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB, Levy D. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1998;98(10):946–52.\nRienstra M, Lubitz SA, Mahida S, Magnani JW, Fontes JD, Sinner MF, et al. Symptoms and functional status of patients with Atrial Fibrillation: state-of-the-art and Future Research opportunities. Circulation. 2012;125(23):2933–43.\nShi S, Tang Y, Zhao Q, Yan H, Yu B, Zheng Q, et al. Prevalence and risk of atrial fibrillation in China: a national cross-sectional epidemiological study. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2022;23:100439.\nFang EF, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Jahn HJ, Li J, Ling L, Guo H, et al. A research agenda for aging in China in the 21st century. Ageing Res Rev. 2015;24(Pt B):197–205.\nKneeland PP, Fang MC. Trends in catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in the United States. J Hosp Med. 2009;4(7):E1–5.\nLiu Y, Zhong L, Yuan S, van de Klundert J. Why patients prefer high-level healthcare facilities: a qualitative study using focus groups in rural and urban China. BMJ Glob Health. 2018;3(5):e000854.\nChen Z, Chen X, Gan X, Bai K, Baležentis T, Cui L. Technical efficiency of Regional Public hospitals in China based on the three-stage DEA. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(24):E9383.\nChina National Health Commission.,. Interpretation of guidlines to reinforce public hospital operational management [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Oct 17]. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.cn\u002Fzhengce\u002F2020-12\u002F26\u002Fcontent_5573494.htm.\nJun JB, Jacobson SH, Swisher JR. Application of discrete-event simulation in health care clinics: a survey. J Oper Res Soc. 1999;50(2):109–23.\nUcar I, Smeets B, Azcorra A. simmer: Discrete-Event Simulation for R. J Stat Softw [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2023 Mar 7];90(2). Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstatsoft.org\u002Fv90\u002Fi02\u002F.\nR Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [Internet]. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.; 2021. Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.R-project.org\u002F.\nKarnon J, Stahl J, Brennan A, Caro JJ, Mar J, Möller J, et al. Modeling using discrete event simulation: a report of the ISPOR-SMDM modeling Good Research practices Task Force–4. Value Health J Int Soc Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res. 2012;15(6):821–7.\nWang Y, Zhao Y, Zhou K, Zei PC, Wang Y, Cheng H, et al. Intracardiac echocardiography is a safe and effective alternative to transesophageal echocardiography for left atrial appendage thrombus evaluation at the time of atrial fibrillation ablation: the ICE-TEE study. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol PACE. 2023;46(1):3–10.\nTripathi B, Arora S, Kumar V, Abdelrahman M, Lahewala S, Dave M, et al. Temporal trends of in-hospital complications associated with catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in the United States: an update from Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (2011–2014). J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2018;29(5):715–24.\nMathew ST, Po SS. Atrial Fibrillation catheter ablation: overcoming complications and improving success. J Innov Card Rhythm Manag. 2017;8(10):2874–85.\nWu L, Narasimhan B, Ho KS, Zheng Y, Shah AN, Kantharia BK. Safety and complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: predictors of complications from an updated analysis the National Inpatient database. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2021;32(4):1024–34.\nAkula N, Mariam D, Luthra W, Edward P, Katz FJ, Levi DA. Safety of same day discharge after Atrial Fibrillation ablation. J Atr Fibrillation. 2020;12(5):2150.\nFelder S. The variance of length of Stay and the optimal DRG outlier payments. Int J Health Care Finance Econ. 2009;9(3):279–89.\nMa Y, Wang W. The impact of diagnosis related group payment on the performance of public hospitals. Am J Transl Res. 2021;13(6):6796–801.\nKirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D, Casadei B, et al. 2016 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893–962.\nHaegeli LM, Calkins H. Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: an update. Eur Heart J. 2014;35(36):2454–9.\nReddy VY, Dukkipati SR, Neuzil P, Natale A, Albenque JP, Kautzner J, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of the Safety and Effectiveness of a contact force-sensing irrigated catheter for ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: results of the TactiCath Contact Force ablation catheter study for Atrial Fibrillation (TOCCASTAR) Study. Circulation. 2015;132(10):907–15.\nElisabeth Noten AM, Kis Z, Akca F, Bhagwandien R, Wijchers S, Yap SC, et al. Robotic navigation shows superior improvement in efficiency for atrial fibrillation ablation. J Atr Fibrillation. 2019;11(5):2108.\nRichard Tilz R, Sano M, Vogler J, Fink T, Saraei R, Sciacca V, et al. Very high-power short-duration temperature-controlled ablation versus conventional power-controlled ablation for pulmonary vein isolation: the fast and furious - AF study. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. 2021;35:100847.\nHe AJ. Scaling-up through piloting: dual-track provider payment reforms in China’s health system. Health Policy Plan. 2023;38(2):218–27.\nKowalski M, DeVille JB, Svinarich JT, Dan D, Wickliffe A, Kantipudi C, et al. Using Discrete Event Simulation to Model the Economic Value of Shorter Procedure Times on EP Lab Efficiency in the VALUE PVI study. J Invasive Cardiol. 2016;28(5):176–82.\nChina National Health Commission.,. Statistical Report on China’s Health Care Development in 2019 (2019 年我国卫生健康事业发展统计公报) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Sep 20]. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.nhc.gov.cn\u002Fguihuaxxs\u002Fs10748\u002F202006\u002Febfe31f24cc145b198dd730603ec4442.shtml.\nHamrock E, Paige K, Parks J, Scheulen J, Levin S. Discrete event simulation for healthcare organizations: a tool for decision making. J Healthc Manag Am Coll Healthc Exec. 2013;58(2):110–24. discussion 124–125.\nZhang X. Application of discrete event simulation in health care: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18:687.\nProudlove NC, Black S, Fletcher A. OR and the challenge to improve the NHS: modelling for insight and improvement in in-patient flows. J Oper Res Soc. 2007;58(2):145–58.\nCai H, Jia J. Using Discrete Event Simulation (DES) to support performance-driven Healthcare Design. 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Han","ARTICLE",{"url":148,"publisher":295,"properties":336},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":296,"slug":10,"properties":297,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":300,"manageAffiliations":305,"indexDatabases":316,"url":20,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":331,"gsStatistic":20,"type":121,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":298,"title":299},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[301],{"id":24,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":302,"label":303,"description":304,"parentId":20,"standard":20,"scholarHubFieldId":20},[],{"EN":27},{},[306,311],{"id":31,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":307,"slug":20,"properties":308,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":310,"statistic":20},[],{"title":309},{"EN":35},[],{"id":38,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":312,"slug":20,"properties":313,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":315,"statistic":20},[],{"title":314},{"EN":42},[],[317,324],{"id":46,"indexDatabase":318,"url":57,"indexYears":58,"academicFieldIds":323,"indexDatabaseRanking":61},{"id":48,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":319,"label":320,"description":321,"key":54,"publicationTags":322,"standard":20},[],{"EN":51,"VI":51},{"EN":51,"VI":53},[56],[60],{"id":63,"indexDatabase":325,"url":76,"indexYears":20,"academicFieldIds":330,"indexDatabaseRanking":20},{"id":65,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":326,"label":327,"description":328,"key":72,"publicationTags":329,"standard":20},[],{"EN":68,"VI":68},{"EN":70,"VI":71},[74,75],[78],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":332,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":84,"totalPublicationByYear":333,"totalCitation":110,"totalCitationByYear":334,"totalCitationPerPublication":116,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":335,"hindexLast5Year":115,"hindex":115},{"2012":81,"2018":21,"2019":82,"2020":21,"2021":21,"2022":21,"2023":82},{"2001":86,"2002":87,"2003":88,"2004":89,"2005":90,"2006":91,"2007":92,"2008":93,"2009":94,"2010":95,"2011":96,"2012":97,"2013":98,"2014":99,"2015":100,"2016":101,"2017":102,"2018":103,"2019":104,"2020":105,"2021":106,"2022":107,"2023":108,"2024":109},{"2010":112,"2012":113,"2017":114,"2018":115,"2020":86,"2021":87},{"2010":118,"2012":119,"2017":81,"2018":82,"2020":82,"2021":120},{"pages":337,"volume":339},{"VOID":338},"1-12",{"VOID":340},"24","2024-01-12",2024,[74,61],false,{"id":346,"createTime":347,"updateTime":348,"relativeEntities":349,"slug":350,"properties":351,"entityType":142,"verifyStatus":143,"verifyTime":361,"verifyNote":145,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":362,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":363,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":364,"publicationType":293,"publisherRelationship":459,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":506,"publishYear":507,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":508,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":344},"200ff773-9b79-4ce5-b395-3af9cf18df5e","2024-02-16T19:26:03.787+00:00","2026-09-08T11:19:17.052+00:00",[],"Cost-effectiveness-of-medical-primary-prevention-strategies-to-reduce-absolute-risk-of-cardiovascular-disease-in-Tanzania-a-Markov-modelling-study",{"abstract":352,"title":354,"references":357,"doi":359},{"EN":353},"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a growing cause of mortality and morbidity in Tanzania, but contextualized evidence on cost-effective medical strategies to prevent it is scarce. We aim to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of medical interventions for primary prevention of CVD using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) absolute risk approach for four risk levels. The cost-effectiveness analysis was performed from a societal perspective using two Markov decision models: CVD risk without diabetes and CVD risk with diabetes. Primary provider and patient costs were estimated using the ingredients approach and step-down methodologies. Epidemiological data and efficacy inputs were derived from systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We used disability- adjusted life years (DALYs) averted as the outcome measure. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the model results. For CVD low-risk patients without diabetes, medical management is not cost-effective unless willingness to pay (WTP) is higher than US$1327 per DALY averted. For moderate-risk patients, WTP must exceed US$164 per DALY before a combination of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and diuretic (Diu) becomes cost-effective, while for high-risk and very high-risk patients the thresholds are US$349 (ACEI, calcium channel blocker (CCB) and Diu) and US$498 per DALY (ACEI, CCB, Diu and Aspirin (ASA)) respectively. For patients with CVD risk with diabetes, a combination of sulfonylureas (Sulf), ACEI and CCB for low and moderate risk (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) US$608 and US$115 per DALY respectively), is the most cost-effective, while adding biguanide (Big) to this combination yielded the most favourable ICERs of US$309 and US$350 per DALY for high and very high risk respectively. For the latter, ASA is also part of the combination. Medical preventive cardiology is very cost-effective for all risk levels except low CVD risk. Budget impact analyses and distributional concerns should be considered further to assess governments’ ability and to whom these benefits will accrue.",{"EN":355,"VI":356},"Cost-effectiveness of medical primary prevention strategies to reduce absolute risk of cardiovascular disease in Tanzania: a Markov modelling study","Hiệu quả chi phí của các chiến lược phòng ngừa tiên phát bằng y tế nhằm giảm nguy cơ tuyệt đối của bệnh tim mạch ở Tanzania: một nghiên cứu mô hình hóa Markov",{"VOID":358},"Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. Global Heath Data Exchange - GBD Compare University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA: 2013 [cited 2014 December].\nBloom DE, Cafiero ET, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S. The Global Economic Burden of Noncommunicable Diseases. Geneva: World Economic Forum; 2011.\nNjelekela MA, Mpembeni R, Muhihi A, Mligiliche NL, Spiegelman D, Hertzmark E, et al. Gender-related differences in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and their correlates in urban Tanzania. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2009;9(1):30.\nNjelekela M, Negishi H, Nara Y, Tomohiro M, Kuga S, Noguchi T, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in Tanzania: a revisit. Acta Trop. 2001;79(3):231–9.\nHendriks ME, Wit FWNM, Roos MTL, Brewster LM, Akande TM, de Beer IH, et al. Hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: Cross-sectional surveys in four rural and urban communities. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(3):e32638.\nEdwards R, Unwin N, Mugusi F, Whiting D, Rashid S, Kissima J, et al. Hypertension prevalence and care in an urban and rural area of Tanzania. J Hypertens. 2000;18(2):145–52.\nBovet P, Ross AG, Gervasoni JP, Mkamba M, Mtasiwa DM, Lengeler C, et al. Distribution of blood pressure, body mass index and smoking habits in the urban population of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and associations with socioeconomic status. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31(1):240–7.\nAspray TJ, Mugusi F, Rashid S, Whiting D, Edwards R, Alberti KG, et al. Rural and urban differences in diabetes prevalence in Tanzania: the role of obesity, physical inactivity and urban living. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2000;94(6):637–44.\nDavid S, Till B. The economics of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease–a systematic review of economic evaluations. Cost Eff Resour Alloc. 2007;5(1):1.\nGaziano TA, Steyn K, Cohen DJ, Weinstein MC, Opie LH. Cost-Effectiveness analysis of hypertension guidelines in South Africa. Circulation. 2005;112(23):3569–76.\nKer JA. Decision making using cardiovascular risk reduction and incremental cost effectiveness ratio: a case study. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2008;19(2):97–101.\nRobberstad B, Hemed Y, Norheim OF. Cost-effectiveness of medical interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease in a sub-Saharan African country – the case of Tanzania. Cost Eff Resour Alloc. 2007;5:3.\nMurray CJL, Lauer JA, Hutubessy RCW, Niessen L, Tomijima N, Rodgers A, et al. Effectiveness and costs of interventions to lower systolic blood pressure and cholesterol: a global and regional analysis on reduction of cardiovascular-disease risk. Lancet. 2003;361(9359):717–25.\nGaziano TA, Opie LH, Weinstein MC. Cardiovascular disease prevention with a multidrug regimen in the developing world: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Lancet. 2006;368(9536):679–86.\nGaziano TA. Cardiovascular disease in the developing world and its cost-effective management. Circulation. 2005;112(23):3547–53.\nGaziano TA. Reducing the growing burden of cardiovascular disease in the developing world. Health Aff. 2007;26(1):13–24.\nGaziano TA, Steyn K, Cohen DJ, Weinstein MC, Opie LH. Cost-effectiveness analysis of hypertension guidelines in south africa: absolute risk versus blood pressure level. Circulation. 2005;112(23):3569–76.\nSanderson JE, Mayosi B, Yusuf S, Reddy S, Hu S, Chen Z, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular disease. Heart. 2007;93(10):1175.\nMinistry of Health and Social Welfare. Standard Treatment Guidelines (STG) and the National Essential Medicine List (NEMLIT) for mainland Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Health and Social Welfare; 2007.\nMinistry of Health and Social Welfare. Standard Treatment Guidelines and the Essential Medicine List (NEMLIT) Tanzania mainland. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Health and Social Welfare; 2012.\nJackson R, Lawes CMM, Bennett DA, Milne RJ, Rodgers A. Treatment with drugs to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol based on an individual’s absolute cardiovascular risk. Lancet. 2005;365(9457):434–41.\nWHO. Prevention of cardiovascular disease: Guidelines for assessment and management of cardiovascular risk. Geneva: WHO; 2007. ISBN 978 92 4 154717 8.\nNational Vascular Disease Prevention Alliance. Absolute cardiovascular disease risk assessment 2014 [cited 2014 September]. Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fheartfoundation.org.au\u002Fimages\u002Fuploads\u002Fpublications\u002FAbsolute-CVD-Risk-Quick-Reference-Guide.pdf.\nEberly LE, Cohen JD, Prineas R, Yang L. Impact of incident diabetes and incident nonfatal cardiovascular disease on 18-year mortality. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):848.\nLakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, Niskanen LK, Kumpusalo E, Tuomilehto J, et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA. 2002;288(21):2709.\nSalomon JA, Vos T, Hogan DR, Gagnon M, Naghavi M, Mokdad A, et al. Common values in assessing health outcomes from disease and injury: disability weights measurement study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2013;380(9859):2129–43.\nD’Agostino RB, Wolf PA, Belanger AJ, Kannel WB. Stroke risk profile: adjustment for antihypertensive medication. The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1994;25(1):40–3.\nAnderson KM, WOLSON P, Odell PM, Kannel WB. An updated coronary risk profile: a statement fo rhealth professionals. Circulation. 1991;83(1):356–62.\nGoff DC, Lloyd-Jones DM, Bennett G, O’Donnell C, Coady S, Robinson J. 2013 ACC\u002FAHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25_PA).\nD’Agostino RB, Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, Wolf PA, Cobain M, Massaro JM, et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008;117(6):743–53.\nWHO. Global Health Observatory Data Repository Life tables by country United Republic of Tanzania. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fapps.who.int\u002Fgho\u002Fdata\u002F?theme=main&vid=61770. Accessed Sept 2014.\nInstitute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBDX, Tanzania deaths, Both sexes, All ages, 2010. 2013 [cited 2014 July].\nWHO. CHOosing Interventions that are Cost Effective (WHO-CHOICE). 2003. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fchoice\u002Fcost-effectiveness\u002Fen\u002F. Accessed Sept 2014.\nNgalesoni F, Ruhago G, Norheim OF, Robberstad B. Economic cost of primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in Tanzania. Health Policy Plan. 2014;30(7):875–84.\nDror DM, Putten-Rademaker V, Koren R. Cost of illness: evidence from a study in five resource-poor locations in India. 2008. Available at SSRN 1016701.\nEzzati M, Vander Hoorn S, Rodgers A, Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Murray CJ. Estimates of global and regional potentil health gains from reducing muliple major risk factors. Lancet. 2003;362(9380):271–80.\nThe World Bank. World Development Indicators. 2014. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fdata.worldbank.org\u002Findicator\u002FNY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Accessed Dec 2014.\nWHO. Health Report 2002. Geneva: WHO; 2002.\nMurray CJL, Vos T, Lozano R, Naghavi M, Flaxman AD, Michaud C, et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2197–223.\nGray A, Clarke P, Wolstenholme J, Wordsworth S. Applied methods of cost-effectiveness analysis in health care. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2011.\nDrummond MF, Sculpher M, Torrance G, O’Brien B, Stoddart G. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005.\nBarton GR, Briggs AH, Fenwick EA. Optimal Cost‐Effectiveness Decisions: The Role of the Cost‐Effectiveness Acceptability Curve (CEAC), the Cost‐Effectiveness Acceptability Frontier (CEAF), and the Expected Value of Perfection Information (EVPI). Value Health. 2008;11(5):886–97.\nFenwick E, Claxton K, Sculpher M. Representing uncertainty: the role of cost‐effectiveness acceptability curves. Health Econ. 2001;10(8):779–87.\nBriggs AH, Claxton K, Sculpher MJ. Decision modelling for health economic evaluation. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006.\nClaxton K, Sculpher M, Culyer A, McCabe C, Briggs A, Akehurst R, et al. Discounting and cost‐effectiveness in NICE–stepping back to sort out a confusion. Health Econ. 2006;15(1):1–4.\nClaxton K, Paulden M, Gravelle H, Brouwer W, Culyer AJ. Discounting and decision making in the economic evaluation of health‐care technologies. Health Econ. 2011;20(1):2–15.\nGravelle H, Brouwer W, Niessen L, Postma M, Rutten F. Discounting in economic evaluations: stepping forward towards optimal decision rules. Health Econ. 2007;16(3):307–17.\nBrouwer WB, Niessen LW, Postma MJ, Rutten FF. Need for differential discounting of costs and health effects in cost effectiveness analyses. BMJ. 2005;331(7514):446–8.\nOrtegón M, Lim S, Chisholm D, Mendis S. Cost effectiveness of strategies to combat cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and tobacco use in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia: mathematical modelling study. BMJ. 2012;344.\nMcCabe C, Claxton K, Culyer AJ. The NICE cost-effectiveness threshold. Pharmacoecon. 2008;26(9):733–44.\nRevill P, Walker S, Madan J, Ciaranello A, Mwase T, Gibb DM, et al. Using cost-effectiveness thresholds to determine value for money in low-and middle-income country healthcare systems: Are current international norms fit for purpose? 2014.\nJones AM. The Elgar companion to health economics. Northampton, MA USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Cheltenham UK; 2012.\nShillcutt MSD, Walker DG, Goodman CA, Mills AJ. Cost effectiveness in low-and middle-income countries. Pharmacoecon. 2009;27(11):903–17.\nClaxton K, Walker S, Palmer S, Sculpher M. Appropriate perspectives for health care decisions. 2010.\nPolimeni JM, Vichansavakul K, Iorgulescu RI, Chandrasekara R. Why perspective matters in health outcomes research analyses. Int Bus Econ Res J. 2013;12(11):1503–12.\nJönsson B. Ten arguments for a societal perspective in the economic evaluation of medical innovations. Eur J Health Econ. 2009;10(4):357–9.\nJansen JP, Fleurence R, Devine B, Itzler R, Barrett A, Hawkins N, et al. Interpreting indirect treatment comparisons and network meta-analysis for health-care decision making: report of the ISPOR task force on indirect treatment comparisons good research practices: part 1. Value Health. 2011;14(4):417–28.\nWright JM, Musini VM. First-line drugs for hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;3(3):CD001841.\nMedical Stores Department, Tanzania. Price Catalogue of Essential Medicines, Diagnostics and Hospital Supplies 2011\\12.\nBangalore S, Kumar S, Wetterslev J, Messerli FH. Angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of myocardial infarction: meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of 147 020 patients from randomised trials. BMJ. 2011;342:d2234.\nHolman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HAW. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008;359(15):1577–89.\nLaw M, Morris J, Wald N. Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies. BMJ. 2009;338:b1665.\nBaigent C, Blackwell L, Collins R, Emberson J, Godwin J, Peto R, et al. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2009;373(9678):1849–60.\nBrugts J, Yetgin T, Hoeks S, Gotto A, Shepherd J, Westendorp R, et al. The benefits of statins in people without established cardiovascular disease but with cardiovascular risk factors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2009;338:b2376.\nGarbusinski JM, van der Sande MA, Bartholome EJ, Dramaix M, Gaye A, Coleman R, et al. Stroke Presentation and Outcome in Developing Countries A Prospective Study in The Gambia. Stroke. 2005;36(7):1388–93.\nHeikinheimo T, Chimbayo D, Kumwenda JJ, Kampondeni S, Allain TJ. Stroke outcomes in Malawi, a country with high prevalence of HIV: a prospective follow-up study. PloS one. 2012;7(3):e33765.",{"VOID":360},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-016-1409-3","2025-02-24T07:30:45.087+00:00",[147],"https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-016-1409-3",[365,389,411,433,446],{"id":366,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":367,"affiliations":368,"properties":386,"displayName":388,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"e9524b3d-719f-49d8-b550-894edd66f519",[153],[369,377],{"id":370,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":371,"properties":20},"c96980f7-2b6e-4f51-bbb4-fa9b90726af4",{"id":370,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":372,"slug":20,"properties":373,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":376,"statistic":20},[],{"title":374},{"VI":375},"Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania",[],{"id":378,"sortIndex":168,"affiliation":379,"properties":385},"cbed1af0-431c-47f3-ba28-159c00a30691",{"id":378,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":380,"slug":20,"properties":381,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":384,"statistic":20},[],{"title":382},{"VI":383},"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway",[],{},{"title":387},{"VI":388},"Frida N. Ngalesoni",{"id":390,"sortIndex":168,"researcher":20,"roles":391,"affiliations":392,"properties":408,"displayName":410,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"0fcb96c5-43a9-4370-8057-015be2d23625",[153],[393,401],{"id":394,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":395,"properties":20},"19156c9c-9b33-4b69-8e93-2935f2e44cf3",{"id":394,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":396,"slug":20,"properties":397,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":400,"statistic":20},[],{"title":398},{"VI":399},"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania",[],{"id":378,"sortIndex":168,"affiliation":402,"properties":407},{"id":378,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":403,"slug":20,"properties":404,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":406,"statistic":20},[],{"title":405},{"VI":383},[],{},{"title":409},{"VI":410},"George M. 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Effective workforce development strategies sensitive to the current competency development needs of health service managers (HSMs) are required. To conduct a 360° assessment of the competence of Australian HSMs to identify managerial competence levels, and training and development needs. Assessment of 93 middle-level HSMs from two public hospitals (n = 25) and five community health services (CHS) (n = 68), using the Managerial Competency Assessment Partnership (MCAP) framework and tool, conducted between 2012 and 2014 in Victoria, Australia. Mean competency scores from both self- and combined colleagues’ assessments indicated competence (scores greater than five but less than six) without guidance, but many HSMs have not had extensive experience. Around 12% of HSMs were unable to demonstrate the competency of ‘evidence-informed decision-making’ and 4% of HSMs were unable to demonstrate the competency of ‘enabling and managing change’. The assessments confirmed managerial competence for the majority of middle-level HSMs from hospitals and CHS in Victoria, but found competency gaps. In addition, the assessment confirmed managerial strengths and weaknesses varied across management groups from different organisations. These findings suggest that the development of strategies to strengthen the health service management workforce should be multifaceted. A focus on competency in performance evaluation and development using the MCAP framework and tool not only provides insights into performance of HSMs, but also has the potential to provide an organisation strategic advantage through succession planning and advancing managers’ competence via learning needs analysis and targeted professional development. Linking competencies of HSMs to organisational objectives and strategies provides optimal use of the human resource capacity, improving the organisation’s productivity and sustainability.",{"EN":519,"VI":520},"An evidence-based approach to understanding the competency development needs of the health service management workforce in Australia","Tiếp cận dựa trên bằng chứng nhằm tìm hiểu nhu cầu phát triển năng lực của lực lượng quản lý dịch vụ y tế tại Úc",{"VOID":522},"Mabey C, Ramirez M. Does management development improve organizational productivity? A six-country analysis of European firms. Int J Hum Res. 2005;16:1067–82.\nMacpherson A, Holt R. Knowledge, learning and small firm growth: a systematic review of the evidence. Res Pol. 2007;36(2):172–92.\nWalston S, Khaliq A. The importance and use of continuing education: findings of a National Survey of hospital executives. J Health Admin Educ. 2010;27(20):113–25.\nCummings GC, MacGregor T, Davey M, Lee H, Wong CA, Lo E, Muise M, Stafford E. Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2010;47(3):363–85.\nNational Health and Hospital Reform Commission. A healthier future for all Australians – Final report. Canberra: NHHRM; 2009.\nO’Brien-Pallas L, Griffin P, Shamian J, Buchan J, Duffield C, Hughes F, et al. The impact of nurse turnover on patient, nurse and system outcomes: a pilot study and focus for a multicentre international study. Policy Politics Nurs Pract. 2006;7(3):169–79.\nFrancis R. Report of the mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation trust public inquiry – volume 3: present and future. London: NHS Foundation Trust; 2013.\nWillis P. Quality with compassion: the future of nursing education: report of the Willis Commission. London: Royal College of Nursing; 2012.\nMartins JM, Isouard G. Health service managers in Australia part 1: service, geographical and category distribution. Asia Pac J Health Manag. 2012;7(2):16–28.\nLiang Z, Howard P, Leggat S. Competence of health service managers: how do we assess them? Paper presented at the Society of Health Administration Program in education symposium. In: Brisbane; 2013.\nLiang Z, Howard P, Koh L, Leggat S. Competency requirements for middle and senior managers in community health services. Aust J Prim Health. 2013;19:256–63.\nStefl ME, Bontempo CA. Common competencies for all healthcare managers: the healthcare leadership alliance model. J Healthcare Manag. 2008;53(6):360–73.\nLiang Z, Leggat S, Howard P, Koh L. What makes a hospital manager competent at the middle and senior levels? Aust Health Rev. 2013b;37:566–73.\nLandry A, Stowe M, Haefner J. Competency assessment and development among health-care leaders: results of a cross-sectional survey. Health Serv Manag Res. 2012;25:78–86.\nBriggs DS. SHAPE declaration on the organisation and management of health services: a call for informed public debate. Asia Pacific J Health Manag. 2008;3:10–3.\nMaurer J, Kimberly A, Haefner J, Stuart A, William C. Beliefs about 'improvability' of career-relevant skills: relevance to job\u002Ftask analysis, competency modelling, and learning orientation. J Org Behav. 2003;24:107–31.\nCampbell C, Lomperis A, Gillespie K, Arrington B. Competency-based healthcare management education: the saint Louise University experience. J Health Admin Educ. 2006;23:135–68.\nFine D, O'Connor S, Shewchuk R. Building an understanding of the competencies needed for health administration practice. J Healthcare Manag. 2005;50(1):32–47.\nRitchie DJ, Yen ML. Health services management development: what formal knowledge should support the skills and experience required? Aust Health Rev. 2013;37(2):189–93.\nLiang Z, Isouard G, Briggs D, Leggat S, Howard P. Developing competent health service managers: how much do we know and how much have we done? Sydney: The Society of Health Administration Program in Education Symposium; 2014.\nBradley E, Cherlin E, Busch S, Epstein A, Helfand B, White W. Adopting a competency-based model: mapping curricula and assessing student progress. J Health Admin Educ. 2008;25:37–51.\nIsouard G, Martins JM, Friedman L. H. Competency in innovation, creative and innovative thinking: challenges within the health management course curriculum. J Health Admin Educ. 2015;32(3):257–69.\nCatano V, Campbell C. Performance appraisal of behavior-based competencies: a reliable and valid procedure. Pers Psychol. 2007;60:201–30.\nGarman A, Tyler J, Darnall J. Development and validation of a 360-degree-feedback instrument for healthcare administrators. J Healthcare Manage. 2004;49:307–21.\nLiang Z, Howard P, Leggat S, Bartram T. Development and validation of health service management competencies. J Health Organ Manag. 2018;32:157–75.\nLiang Z, Howard P, Leggat S. 360° management competency assessment: is our understanding adequate? Asia Pac J Hum Resour. 2017;55(2):213–33.\nHoward P, Liang Z, Leggat S, Karimi L. Validation of a management competency assessment tool for health service managers. J Health Organ Manage. 2018;32:113–34.\nSchachter D. Managing your talent will ease the looming rush to retirement. Inf Outlook. 2008;12:40–1.\nCalhoun J, Dollett L, Sinioris M, Wainio J, Butler P, Griffith J, Puttallo J, Warden G. Development of interprofessional competency model for healthcare leadership. J Healthcare Manage. 2008;53:375–91.\nLiang Z, Howard PF. Competencies required by senior health executives in NSW, 1990 -1999. Aust Health Rev. 2010;34:52–8.\nKovner A, Rundall T. Evidence based management reconsidered. Front Health Serv Manag. 2006;22:3–22.\nLiang Z, Howard P, Leggat S, Murphy G. A framework to improve evidence-informed decision-making in health service management. Aust Health Rev. 2012;37:566–73.\nLiang Z, Howard P. Evidence-informed managerial decision-making - what evidence counts? (part two). Asia Pac J Health Manage. 2011;6:12–21.\nChurch A. Do higher performing managers actually receive better ratings? A validation of multirater assessment methodology. Consult Psychol J. 2000;52:99–116.\nKruger J, Dunning D. Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing One's own incompetence leads to inflated self assessments. J Personal & Soc Psych. 1999;77(6):1121–34.\nSchlosser T, Dunning D, Kerri L, Johnson K, Kruger J. How unaware are the unskilled? Empirical tests of the “signal extraction” counterexplanation for the Dunning–Kruger effect in self-evaluation of performance.J Econ Psych 2013; 39: 85-100\nEpstein R, Hundert E. Defining and assessing professional competence. J Am Med Assoc. 2002;287:10.\nSitzmann T, Ely K, Brown KG, Bower KN. Self-assessment of knowledge: a cognitive learning or affective measure? Acad Manag Learn & Educ. 2010;9(2):161–91.\nDecker PJ, Durand R, Ayadi F, Whittington W, Kirkman D. Self-assessment of management competencies and intention to change. Acad Educ Leader J. 2014;18(4):129–48.\nDunnette M. My hammer or your hammer. Hum Resour Manag. 1993;32:373–84.\nBrett J, Atwater L. 360 degree feedback: accuracy, reactions and perceptions of usefulness. J Appl Psychol. 2001;86:930–42.\nSmither J, London M, Reilly R. Does performance improve following multisource feedback? A theoretical model, meta-analysis, and review of empirical findings. Pers Psychol. 2005;58:33–66.\nClardy A. The strategic role of human resource development in managing core competencies. Hum Resource Dev Int. 2008;11:183–97.\nCampion M, Fink A, Ruggeber B, Carr L, Phillips G, Odman R. Doing competencies well: best practices in competency modelling. Pers Psychol. 2011;64:225–62.",{"VOID":524},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-018-3760-z",[147],"https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-018-3760-z",[528,543,567,574,589,602,615,630],{"id":529,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":530,"affiliations":531,"properties":540,"displayName":542,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"e14cf631-3dac-4494-bb5e-ef473e2526d0",[153],[532],{"id":533,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":534,"properties":20},"190512a4-3495-4de8-9a6b-578d0dd4dde5",{"id":533,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":535,"slug":20,"properties":536,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":539,"statistic":20},[],{"title":537},{"VI":538},"School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia",[],{"title":541},{"VI":542},"Zhanming Liang",{"id":544,"sortIndex":168,"researcher":20,"roles":545,"affiliations":546,"properties":564,"displayName":566,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"a57fc3f0-fa14-44b2-8b98-5053d26bd875",[153],[547,555],{"id":548,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":549,"properties":20},"ae9bb145-cb26-42dc-8c55-e933642b03d2",{"id":548,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":550,"slug":20,"properties":551,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":554,"statistic":20},[],{"title":552},{"VI":553},"School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia",[],{"id":556,"sortIndex":168,"affiliation":557,"properties":563},"222eb407-d48c-42f3-95d5-90776bef65b3",{"id":556,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":558,"slug":20,"properties":559,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":562,"statistic":20},[],{"title":560},{"VI":561},"College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia",[],{},{"title":565},{"VI":566},"Felicity C. 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health stigma is one of the most prominent barriers to recovery, and it is widely known that stigma may manifest differentially in different cultures. Healthcare professionals working closely with persons with mental illnesses (PMI) may provide important insights towards stigma that are otherwise unattainable from caregivers and consumers. However, there is a dearth of literature on healthcare professionals’ perspectives on this topic. Thus, this study uses a multilevel approach to explore how stigma affects recovery from the perspectives of healthcare professionals that work closely with PMI in Singapore. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 17 healthcare professionals who were working in mental health settings in Singapore. Participants were recruited via direct email invitation or through snowball sampling. Data collected was analysed with the inductive thematic analysis method. All coding and inter-rater analyses were performed with NVivo. The current study themes identified stigma-related factors that influence PMI’s recovery from the perspectives of healthcare professionals working closely with PMI. These factors were organised into three overarching themes in a multilevel structure. The three themes were classified as Micro Factors (e.g., internalised stigma), Meso Factors (e.g., discrimination of people associated with the stigmatised group), and Macro Factors (e.g., structural stigma and stigma within healthcare settings). The findings of this study gave us a greater understanding of how stigma influences recovery in Singapore, which could be used to guide the development and implementation of future policies and strategies to promote recovery. Importantly, our results suggest that improving mental health literacy, addressing cultural misgivings towards mental illness, implementing recovery-oriented practices, and making insurance more accessible for PMI could mitigate the deleterious impact that stigma has on recovery.",{"EN":702,"VI":703},"The perspectives of healthcare professionals in mental health settings on stigma and recovery - A qualitative inquiry","Quan điểm của các chuyên gia y tế trong các cơ sở sức khỏe tâm thần về sự kỳ thị và hồi phục - Một nghiên cứu định tính",{"VOID":705},"Piat M, Sabetti J. The Development of a Recovery-Oriented Mental Health System in Canada: What the Experience of Commonwealth Countries Tells Us. Can J Commun Ment Health. 2009;28(2):17–33.\nAdams N, Daniels A, Compagni A. International Pathways to Mental Health Transformation. Int J Mental Health. 2009;38(1):30–45.\nAnthony WA. Recovery from mental illness: the guiding vision of the mental health service system in the 1990s. 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Arch Psychiatric Nurs. 2012;26(4):333–5.",{"VOID":707},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-022-08248-z","2024-10-07T07:56:12.680+00:00",[147],"https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-022-08248-z",[712,727,740,753,766,779],{"id":713,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":714,"affiliations":715,"properties":724,"displayName":726,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"6eb9b771-0ec0-45c9-94f8-51ab4bc001b9",[153],[716],{"id":717,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":718,"properties":20},"b0d1be35-b5de-4bcb-a95a-fbe3f2e99fac",{"id":717,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":719,"slug":20,"properties":720,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":723,"statistic":20},[],{"title":721},{"VI":722},"Research Division Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore",[],{"title":725},{"VI":726},"Savita 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living with HIV (PLHIV) relied on community-based organizations (CBOs) in accessing HIV care and support during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. However, little is known about the impact of, and challenges faced by Chinese CBOs supporting PLHIV during lockdowns. A survey and interview study was conducted among 29 CBOs serving PLHIV in China between November 10 and November 23, 2020. Participants were asked to complete a 20-minute online survey on their routine operations, organizational capacity building, service provided, and challenges during the pandemic. A focus group interview was conducted with CBOs after the survey to gather CBOs’ policy recommendations. Survey data analysis was conducted using STATA 17.0 while qualitative data was examined using thematic analysis. HIV-focused CBOs in China serve diverse clients including PLHIV, HIV high-risk groups, and the public. The scope of services provided is broad, ranging from HIV testing to peer support. All CBOs surveyed maintained their services during the pandemic, many by switching to online or hybrid mode. Many CBOs reported adding new clients and services, such as mailing medications. The top challenges faced by CBOs included service reduction due to staff shortage, lack of PPE for staff, and lack of operational funding during COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020. CBOs considered the ability to better network with other CBOs and other sectors (e.g., clinics, governments), a standard emergency response guideline, and ready strategies to help PLHIV build resilience to be critical for future emergency preparation. Chinese CBOs serving vulnerable populations affected by HIV\u002FAIDS are instrumental in building resilience in their communities during the COVID-19 pandemic, and they can play significant roles in providing uninterrupted services during emergencies by mobilizing resources, creating new services and operation methods, and utilizing existing networks. Chinese CBOs’ experiences, challenges, and their policy recommendations can inform policy makers on how to support future CBO capacity building to bridge service gaps during crises and reduce health inequalities in China and globally.",{"EN":852,"VI":853},"A case study of HIV\u002FAIDS services from community-based organizations during COVID-19 lockdown in China","Nghiên cứu trường hợp về các dịch vụ HIV\u002FAIDS từ các tổ chức dựa vào cộng đồng trong thời gian phong tỏa phòng COVID-19 tại Trung Quốc",{"VOID":855},"Molefi M, Tlhakanelo JT, Phologolo T, Hamda SG, Masupe T, Tsima B, et al. The impact of China’s Lockdown Policy on the incidence of COVID-19: an interrupted Time Series Analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:9498029.\nFull, Text. Fighting COVID-19: China in Action [Internet]. [cited 2022 Apr 12]. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.scio.gov.cn\u002Fzfbps\u002F32832\u002FDocument\u002F1681809\u002F1681809.htm\nRen X. Pandemic and lockdown: a territorial approach to COVID-19 in China, Italy and the United States. Eurasian Geogr Econ. 2020 Sep;61(2):423–34.\nLeung K, Wu JT, Liu D, Leung GM. First-wave COVID-19 transmissibility and severity in China outside Hubei after control measures, and second-wave scenario planning: a modelling impact assessment. The Lancet. 2020 Apr25;395(10233):1382–93.\nPan A, Liu L, Wang C, Guo H, Hao X, Wang Q, et al. Association of Public Health Interventions with the epidemiology of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 May;19(19):1915–23.\nJia P, Liu L, Xie X, Yuan C, Chen H, Guo B et al. Changes in dietary patterns among youths in China during COVID-19 epidemic: The COVID-19 impact on lifestyle change survey (COINLICS). Appetite. 2021 Mar 1;158:105015.\nRen X, Huang W, Pan H, Huang T, Wang X, Ma Y. Mental Health during the Covid-19 outbreak in China: a Meta-analysis. Psychiatr Q. 2020 Dec;91(4):1033–45.\nHe N. Research Progress in the Epidemiology of HIV\u002FAIDS in China.China CDC Wkly. 2021 Nov26;3(48):1022–30.\nWu Z, Chen J, Scott SR, McGoogan JM. History of the HIV Epidemic in China. Curr HIV\u002FAIDS Rep. 2019;16(6):458–66.\nZhou G, Li X, Qiao S, Zhou Y, Shen Z. Psychological and behavioral barriers to ART adherence among PLWH in China: role of self-efficacy. AIDS Care. 2017 Dec;29(12):1533–7.\nZhou G, Li X, Qiao S, Shen Z, Zhou Y. Influence of Side Effects on ART Adherence Among PLWH in China: The Moderator Role of ART-Related Knowledge. AIDS Behav. 2018 Mar 1;22(3):961–70.\nChen W-T, Shiu C, Yang JP, Chuang P, Zhang L, Bao M, et al. A structural equation model of patient-healthcare provider relationships and HIV-infected patient outcomes in chinese populations. AIDS Care. 2018 Mar;30(3):383–90.\nSun Y, Zhan Y, Li H, Yuan T, Gao Y, Liang B, et al. Stakeholder efforts to mitigate antiretroviral therapy interruption among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a qualitative study. J Int AIDS Soc. 2021 Sep;24(9):e25781.\nYan H, Zhang M, Zhao J, Huan X, Ding J, Wu S, et al. The increased effectiveness of HIV preventive intervention among men who have sex with men and of follow-up care for people living with HIV after “task-shifting” to community-based organizations: a “cash on service delivery” model in China. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(7):e103146.\nTao J, Li M, Qian H-Z, Wang L-J, Zhang Z, Ding H-F, et al. Home-based HIV testing for men who have sex with men in China: a novel community-based partnership to complement government programs. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(7):e102812.\nCheng W, Cai Y, Tang W, Zhong F, Meng G, Gu J et al. Providing HIV-related services in China for men who have sex with men. Bull World Health Organ. 2016 Mar 1;94(3):222–7.\nLiu L, Wang D, Qin X, Hu Z, Chen R. The impact of social capital on civil society organizations delivering voluntary counseling and testing HIV\u002FAIDS service: a cross-sectional study in China.Biosci Trends. 2020 Jul17;14(3):182–91.\nOgunbodede OT, Zablotska-Manos I, Lewis DA. Potential and demonstrated impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexually transmissible infections.Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2021 Feb1;34(1):56–61.\nShi L, Tang W, Hu H, Qiu T, Marley G, Liu X et al. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on HIV care continuum in Jiangsu, China. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Aug 7;21(1):768.\nHan J, Su Y, Zhou Z, Wang K, Yu Y, Huang H, et al. Analysis of antiretroviral medicine availability to people living with HIV from different designated medical institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Chin J AIDS STD. 2020;26(07):698–700.\nHarsono D, Deng Y, Chung S, Barakat LA, Friedland G, Meyer JP et al. Experiences with Telemedicine for HIV Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Study. AIDS Behav. 2022.\nPainter TM, Song EY, Mullins MM, Mann-Jackson L, Alonzo J, Reboussin BA, et al. Social support and other factors associated with HIV testing by Hispanic\u002FLatino gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in the U.S. South. AIDS Behav. 2019 Oct;23(Suppl 3):251–65.\nGrover E, Grosso A, Ketende S, Kennedy C, Fonner V, Adams D, et al. Social cohesion, social participation and HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Swaziland. AIDS Care. 2016;28(6):795–804.\nLyu H, Zhou Y, Dai W, Zhen S, Huang S, Zhou L, et al. Solidarity and HIV Testing willingness during the COVID-19 epidemic: a Study among Men who have sex with men in China. Front Public Health. 2021 Dec;9:9:752965.\nPinto RM, Park S. COVID-19 pandemic disrupts HIV Continuum of Care and Prevention: implications for research and practice concerning community-based Organizations and Frontline Providers. AIDS Behav. 2020;24(9):2486–9.\nRobillard AG, Julious CH, Smallwood SW, Douglas M, Gaddist BW, Singleton T. Structural inequities, HIV Community-Based Organizations, and the end of the HIV Epidemic. Am J Public Health. 2022 Mar;112(3):417–25.\nSun Y, Li H, Luo G, Meng X, Guo W, Fitzpatrick T, et al. Antiretroviral treatment interruption among people living with HIV during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study. J Int AIDS Soc. 2020 Nov;23(11):e25637.\nSun S, Hou J, Chen Y, Lu Y, Brown L, Operario D. Challenges to HIV Care and Psychological Health during the COVID-19 pandemic among people living with HIV in China. AIDS Behav. 2020 Oct;24(10):2764–5.\nBooton RD, Fu G, MacGregor L, Li J, Ong JJ, Tucker JD et al. The impact of disruptions due to COVID-19 on HIV transmission and control among men who have sex with men in China. J Int AIDS Soc. 2021 Apr 6;24(4):e25697.\nYang X, Zeng C, Tam CC, Qiao S, Li X, Shen Z et al. HIV Service Interruptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: The Role of COVID-19 Challenges and Institutional Response from Healthcare Professional’s Perspective. AIDS Behav. 2021 Oct 6\nQiao S, Yang X, Sun S, Li X, Mi T, Zhou Y, et al. Challenges to HIV service delivery and the impacts on patient care during COVID-19: perspective of HIV care providers in Guangxi, China. AIDS Care. 2021 May;33(5):559–65.\nStataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 17. College Station. TX: StataCorp LLC; 2021.\nNowell LS, Norris JM, White DE, Moules NJ. Thematic Analysis: Striving to Meet the Trustworthiness Criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 2017 Dec 1;16(1):1609406917733847.\nFenner R, Cernev T. The implications of the Covid-19 pandemic for delivering the Sustainable Development Goals. Futures. 2021 Apr;128:102726.\nZhang D, Lu H, Zhuang M, Wu G, Yan H, Xu J et al. Enhancing HIV Testing and Treatment among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Pilot Model with Two-Rapid Tests, Single Blood Draw Session, and Intensified Case Management in Six Cities in 2013. PLoS One. 2016 Dec 1;11(12):e0166812.\nNorris FH, Stevens SP, Pfefferbaum B, Wyche KF, Pfefferbaum RL. Community Resilience as a Metaphor, Theory, Set of Capacities, and Strategy for Disaster Readiness. Am J Community Psychol. 2008;41(1–2):127–50.\nNational Center for AIDS\u002FSTD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Notice on guaranteeing the free HIV antiretroviral treatment drugs supply for stranded people living with HIV - Notice - Chongqing Network for HIV\u002FAIDS Communication and Education [Internet]. [cited 2022 Apr 12]. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.cqaidsw.com\u002Findexphp?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=58&id=4389\nMi T, Li X, Zhou G, Qiao S, Shen Z, Zhou Y. HIV Disclosure to Family Members and Medication Adherence: role of social support and self-efficacy. AIDS Behav. 2020 Jan;24(1):45–54.\nUNAIDS. Research | The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CBOs. ’ HIV prevention and treatment services [Internet]. WeChat. [cited 2022 Apr 12]. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MzA3OTgxODkwNA==&mid=2649756780&idx=1&sn=99f89e502150e931386347ca2d2948d0&chksm=87a90d9bb0de848db8760a36e4e2358d150f1e9081f6a4eb6ccb6f554accba23b749251584e0#rd\nPaton D. Emergency planning: integrating community development, community resilience and hazard mitigation. J Am Soc Prof Emerg Managers. 2000 Jan;1:7:109–18.\nGuo W, Wen H L, Bai H, Liu J, Wei X N, Zhou K, Sande A. Quick community survey on the impact of COVID-19 outbreak for the healthcare of people living with HIV. Chinese J Epidemiol. 2020 May;41(5):662–666.\nRose A. Defining and measuring economic resilience to disasters. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal. 2004 Jan 1;13(4):307–14.",{"VOID":857},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-023-09271-4","2025-01-12T01:13:56.670+00:00",[147],"https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-023-09271-4",[862,886,901,914,927,940,955],{"id":863,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":864,"affiliations":865,"properties":883,"displayName":885,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"544c0491-1cc0-4811-8233-ae955b5b5250",[153],[866,874],{"id":867,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":868,"properties":20},"a8e1b3ea-a73e-4c7b-aec7-584f1ef3c48c",{"id":867,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":869,"slug":20,"properties":870,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":873,"statistic":20},[],{"title":871},{"VI":872},"Department of Global Health, School of Health, Georgetown University, Washington, USA",[],{"id":875,"sortIndex":168,"affiliation":876,"properties":882},"9a03545f-e4b8-4c3d-96f2-c46f4992cd9a",{"id":875,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":877,"slug":20,"properties":878,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":881,"statistic":20},[],{"title":879},{"VI":880},"RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, USA",[],{},{"title":884},{"VI":885},"Jennifer Z.H. 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Liu",{"id":915,"sortIndex":198,"researcher":20,"roles":916,"affiliations":917,"properties":924,"displayName":926,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"d8f7ea92-9d7b-47c5-b881-db5801822c45",[153],[918],{"id":867,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":919,"properties":20},{"id":867,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":920,"slug":20,"properties":921,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":923,"statistic":20},[],{"title":922},{"VI":872},[],{"title":925},{"VI":926},"Myriam Vuckovic",{"id":928,"sortIndex":83,"researcher":20,"roles":929,"affiliations":930,"properties":937,"displayName":939,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"4a412354-0240-4a04-b249-28b695a2c245",[153],[931],{"id":875,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":932,"properties":20},{"id":875,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":933,"slug":20,"properties":934,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":936,"statistic":20},[],{"title":935},{"VI":880},[],{"title":938},{"VI":939},"Keren Zhu",{"id":941,"sortIndex":225,"researcher":20,"roles":942,"affiliations":943,"properties":952,"displayName":954,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"49c12698-9bb0-4f63-b549-c9cfc5c09e95",[153],[944],{"id":945,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":946,"properties":20},"fc796bf1-1c4b-45ec-8551-dcacf41890b1",{"id":945,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":947,"slug":20,"properties":948,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":951,"statistic":20},[],{"title":949},{"VI":950},"UNAIDS China, Beijing, China",[],{"title":953},{"VI":954},"Kai Zhou",{"id":956,"sortIndex":115,"researcher":20,"roles":957,"affiliations":958,"properties":967,"displayName":969,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"f57d2939-c81c-4f54-9909-b6baa287cdb7",[153],[959],{"id":960,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":961,"properties":20},"9d528931-49c9-4427-9636-03cda76230c4",{"id":960,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":962,"slug":20,"properties":963,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":966,"statistic":20},[],{"title":964},{"VI":965},"Home of Red Ribbon, Beijing, China",[],{"title":968},{"VI":969},"Ye Su",{"url":860,"publisher":971,"properties":1012},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":972,"slug":10,"properties":973,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":19,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"subjectFields":976,"manageAffiliations":981,"indexDatabases":992,"url":20,"thumbnailPath":20,"statistic":1007,"gsStatistic":20,"type":121,"analyzePriority":20},[],{"issn":974,"title":975},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[977],{"id":24,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":978,"label":979,"description":980,"parentId":20,"standard":20,"scholarHubFieldId":20},[],{"EN":27},{},[982,987],{"id":31,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":983,"slug":20,"properties":984,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":986,"statistic":20},[],{"title":985},{"EN":35},[],{"id":38,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":988,"slug":20,"properties":989,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":991,"statistic":20},[],{"title":990},{"EN":42},[],[993,1000],{"id":46,"indexDatabase":994,"url":57,"indexYears":58,"academicFieldIds":999,"indexDatabaseRanking":61},{"id":48,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":995,"label":996,"description":997,"key":54,"publicationTags":998,"standard":20},[],{"EN":51,"VI":51},{"EN":51,"VI":53},[56],[60],{"id":63,"indexDatabase":1001,"url":76,"indexYears":20,"academicFieldIds":1006,"indexDatabaseRanking":20},{"id":65,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1002,"label":1003,"description":1004,"key":72,"publicationTags":1005,"standard":20},[],{"EN":68,"VI":68},{"EN":70,"VI":71},[74,75],[78],{"impactFactor":21,"impactFactorByYear":1008,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":21,"totalPublication":84,"totalPublicationByYear":1009,"totalCitation":110,"totalCitationByYear":1010,"totalCitationPerPublication":116,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1011,"hindexLast5Year":115,"hindex":115},{"2012":81,"2018":21,"2019":82,"2020":21,"2021":21,"2022":21,"2023":82},{"2001":86,"2002":87,"2003":88,"2004":89,"2005":90,"2006":91,"2007":92,"2008":93,"2009":94,"2010":95,"2011":96,"2012":97,"2013":98,"2014":99,"2015":100,"2016":101,"2017":102,"2018":103,"2019":104,"2020":105,"2021":106,"2022":107,"2023":108,"2024":109},{"2010":112,"2012":113,"2017":114,"2018":115,"2020":86,"2021":87},{"2010":118,"2012":119,"2017":81,"2018":82,"2020":82,"2021":120},{"pages":1013,"volume":1015},{"VOID":1014},"1-11",{"VOID":1016},"23","2023-03-27",2023,[74,61],{"id":1021,"createTime":1022,"updateTime":1023,"relativeEntities":1024,"slug":1025,"properties":1026,"entityType":142,"verifyStatus":143,"verifyTime":1036,"verifyNote":145,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":1037,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":1038,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":1039,"publicationType":293,"publisherRelationship":1122,"citationCount":20,"citationInfo":20,"publishDate":1167,"publishYear":690,"citationAnalyzeStatus":19,"lastCitationAnalyze":20,"indexDatabases":1168,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":344},"30384025-c58d-445c-9066-b5bcc20825a3","2024-01-11T19:14:31.247+00:00","2026-09-06T08:12:45.420+00:00",[],"A-discrete-event-simulation-approach-for-reserving-capacity-for-emergency-patients-in-the-radiology-department",{"abstract":1027,"title":1029,"references":1032,"doi":1034},{"EN":1028},"Many hospitals in China experience large volumes of emergency department (ED) radiology patients, thereby lengthening the wait times for non-emergency radiology patients. We examine whether an emergency reservation policy which deals with stochastic arrivals of ED patients can shorten wait times, and what effect it has on patient and hospital related metrics. In this study, operations research models are used to develop an emergency reservation policy. First, we construct a discrete event simulation (DES) model based on the process of patients served by one computed tomography (CT) scanner at West China Hospital (WCH). Next, a newsvendor model is built to compute the daily reservation quantity for emergency patients. Based on the appointment scheduling rule and daily emergency reservation policies, the effects of the proposed policy on daily examination quantity, patient wait times, and equipment utilization are explicitly modeled. Finally, we evaluate the impact of different reservation policies on these system performance measures. Our analysis indicates that reserving capacity for emergency patients greatly shortens the delay for non-emergency patients with an average 43.9% reduction in total wait times. The pre-model utilization and average post-model utilization are 99.3% and 98.5%, respectively. In addition, the comparison of different reservation policies shows that there is no significant difference between any two policies in terms of patients’ wait times. Reserving proper capacity for emergency patients not only positively affects the patients’ delay times, but also affects various aspects of the hospital. Our goal is to design a simple and implementable emergency reservation policy. DES proves to be an effective tool for studying the effects of proposed scenarios to optimize capacity allocation in radiology management.",{"EN":1030,"VI":1031},"A discrete event simulation approach for reserving capacity for emergency patients in the radiology department","Phương pháp tiếp cận mô phỏng sự kiện rời rạc để dự phòng công suất tiếp nhận bệnh nhân cấp cứu tại khoa chẩn đoán hình ảnh",{"VOID":1033},"Green LV, Savin S, Wang B. Managing patient service in a diagnostic medical facility. Oper Res. 2006;54(1):11–25.\nNuti S, Vainieri M. Managing waiting times in diagnostic medical imaging. BMJ-Brit Med J. 2012;2(6):1–10.\nvan Lent WAM, Deetman JW, Teertstra HJ, Muller SH, Hans EW, van Harten WH. Reducing the throughput time of the diagnostic track involving CT scanning with computer simulation. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(11):3131–40.\nIzabel M, Shakoor H, Nelson G. Forecasting daily emergency department visits using calendar variables and ambient temperature readings. Acad Emerg Med. 2013;20(8):769–77.\nLuo L, Luo L, Zhang XL, He XL. Hospital daily outpatient visits forecasting using a combinatorial model based on ARIMA and SES models. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):469.\nCappanera P, Visintin F, Banditori C, Di Feo D. Evaluating the long-term effects of appointment scheduling policies in a magnetic resonance imaging setting. Flex Serv Manuf J. 2018; https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10696-018-9306-1.\nCayirli T, Veral E. Outpatient scheduling in health care: a review of literature. Prod Oper Manag. 2003;12(4):519–49.\nGupta D. Surgical suites' operations management. Prod Oper Manag. 2007;16(6):689–700.\nCardoen B, Demeulemeester E, Beliën J. Operating room planning and scheduling: a literature review. Eur J Oper Res. 2010;201(3):921–32.\nAhmadi-Javid A, Jalali Z, Klassen KJ. Outpatient appointment systems in healthcare: a review of optimization studies. Eur J Oper Res. 2017;258(1):3–34.\nPatrick J, Puterman ML, Queyranne M. Dynamic multipriority patient scheduling for a diagnostic resource. Oper Res. 2008;56(6):1507–25.\nChakraborty S, Muthuraman K, Lawley M. Sequential clinical scheduling with patient no-shows and general service time distributions. IIE Trans. 2010;42(5):354–66.\nCayirli T, Yang KK, Quek SA. A universal appointment rule in the presence of no-shows and walk-ins. Prod Oper Manag. 2012;21(4):682–97.\nGuerriero F, Guido R. Operational research in the management of the operating theatre: a survey. Health Care Manag Sc. 2011;14(1):89–114.\nMay JH, Spangler WE, Strum DP, Vargas LG. The surgical scheduling problem: current research and future opportunities. Prod Oper Manag. 2011;20(3):392–405.\nGupta D, Denton B. Appointment scheduling in health care: challenges and opportunities. IIE Trans. 2008;40(9):800–19.\nErdogan SA, Gose A, Denton BT. Online appointment sequencing and scheduling. IIE Trans. 2015;47(11):1267–86.\nKolisch R, Sickinger S. Providing radiology health care services to stochastic demand of different customer classes. OR Spectr. 2008;30(2):375–95.\nJun JB, Jacobson SH, Swisher JR. Application of discrete-event simulation in health care clinics: a survey. J Oper Res Soc. 1999;50(2):109–23.\nBhattacharjee P, Ray PK. Patient flow modelling and performance analysis of healthcare delivery processes in hospitals. Comput Ind Eng. 2014;78(C):299–312.\nMonks T, Worthington D, Allen M, Pitt M, Stein K. James MA. A modelling tool for capacity planning in acute and community stroke services. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016;16(1):530.\nLebcir R, Demir E, Ahmad R, Vasilakis C. Southern D. A discrete event simulation model to evaluate the use of community services in the treatment of patients with Parkinson’s disease in the United Kingdom. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):50.\nVermeulen IB, Bohte SM, Elkhuizen SG, Lameris H, Bakker PJM, Poutre´ HA. Adaptive resource allocation for efficient patient scheduling. Artif Intell Med. 2009;46(1):67–80.\nAntognini JM, Antognini JF, Khatri V. How many operating rooms are needed to manage non-elective surgical cases? A Monte Carlo simulation study BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15(1):487.\nLuo L, Zhou Y, Han BT, Li JL. An optimization model to determine appointment scheduling window for an outpatient clinic with patient no-shows. Health Care Manag Sc. 2017; https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10729-017-9421-7.\nLuo L, Zhou Y, Han BT, Shi YK, Song QY, He XL, Guo ZX. A simulation model for outpatient appointment scheduling with patient unpunctuality. Int J Simul Process Model. 2016;11(3):281–91.",{"VOID":1035},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-018-3282-8","2024-12-27T09:54:35.036+00:00",[147],"https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-018-3282-8",[1040,1055,1068,1081,1094,1109],{"id":1041,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":1042,"affiliations":1043,"properties":1052,"displayName":1054,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"19ee5ec1-a0d8-4085-93d7-390f2d8e74a8",[153],[1044],{"id":1045,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1046,"properties":20},"da2f0a86-6f92-44b8-9bec-ec3a0964d031",{"id":1045,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1047,"slug":20,"properties":1048,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1051,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1049},{"VI":1050},"Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China",[],{"title":1053},{"VI":1054},"Li 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studies of hospital resilience have been of increasing importance during the last decade due to disasters and pandemics. However, studies in developing the domain and indicators of hospital resilience were limited mainly on disaster response. A few studies of hospital resilience focused on how to deal with disruptions such as environmental turbulence, rapid technological changes, and changes in patient preferences. This study aims to develop domains and indicators of hospital resilience in facing the disruption era. This qualitative study focused on exploring the domains and indicators to face disruptions that have been identified in the first exploratory phase of the studies. Key informants included hospital experts from the government, medical practitioners, and academics. A total of 20 key informants were involved in semi-structured interviews which were conducted face-to-face, via telephone and Zoom. Data was analyzed using a grounded theory approach to discover domains for a resilient hospital. The study identified a number of domains that are fundamental for a hospital to become a resilient in the face of disruption. These include readiness to face digital transformation, effective leadership, and flexibility in managing resources among others. Situation awareness and resilience ethos, implementation of marketing management, networking, and disaster anticipation are found to be equally important. These domains focused on the hospital’s ability to deal with specific shocks from different perspectives as the result of changes from disruptions which are inevitable within the organizational business environment. The domains identified in the study are able to respond to the limitations of the concept of hospital resilience, which is currently more focused on hospital disaster resilience. They can be used to measure hospital resilience in the context of the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA), which are relevant to the context of the Indonesia hospital industry.",{"EN":1179},"Developing hospital resilience domains in facing disruption era in Indonesia: a qualitative study",{"VOID":1181},"[\"13666241534674233030\"]",{"VOID":1183},"Nemeth C, Wears R, Woods D, Hollnagel E, Cook R. Minding the Gaps: Creating Resilience in Health Care. In: Henriksen K, Battles JB, Keyes MA, Grady ML, editors. Rockville (MD). 2008.\nHaldane V, De Foo C, Abdalla SM, Jung A-S, Tan M, Wu S, et al. Health systems resilience in managing the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons from 28 countries. Nat Med. 2021;27(6):964–80. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fs41591-021-01381-y.\nThomas S, Sagan A, Larkin J, Cylus J, Figueras J, Karanikolos M. Strengthening health systems resilience: Key concepts and strategies. 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BMJ Open. 2021;11(3):11–7.\nCordina J, Levin E, Ramish A, Seshan N. How COVID-19 has changed the way US consumers think about healthcare. McKinsey Insights [Internet] 2021;N.PAG-N.PAG. Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fsearch.ebscohost.com\u002Flogin.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=150719372&site=eds-live.\nUstgorul S. Why Healthcare Managers Should Understand and Apply the World of VUCA? In: Akkaya B, Guah MW, Jermsittiparsert K, Bulinska-Stangrecka H, Kaya Y, editors. Agile management and VUCA-RR: opportunities and threats in industry 40 towards society 50 [internet]. Emerald Publishing Limited; 2022. p. 115–27. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1108\u002F978-1-80262-325-320220008.\nSharma SK, Sharma N. Hospital preparedness and resilience in public health emergencies at district hospitals and community health Centres. J Health Manag. 2020;22(2):146–56.\nReddy M. Digital Transformation in Healthcare in 2021: 7 key trends. Digital Authority Partners. 2022:1–15. Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.digitalauthority.me\u002Fresources\u002Fstate-of-digital-transformation-healthcare\u002F.\nRuiz Morilla MD, Sans M, Casasa A, Giménez N. Implementing technology in healthcare: insights from physicians. BMC Medical Inform Decis Mak. 2017;17(1):1–9.\nHanefeld J, Mayhew S, Legido-Quigley H, Martineau F, Karanikolos M, Blanchet K, et al. Towards an understanding of resilience: responding to health systems shocks. Health Policy Plan. 2018;33(3):355–67.\nWorld Health Organization (WHO). Strengthening hospital resilience in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A policy paper on facility-level preparedness. Cairo. 2022. Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fapplications.emro.who.int\u002Fdocs\u002F9789290229582-eng.pdf.\nApproaches N, Challenges E. A systemic resilience approach to dealing with Covid-19 and future shocks. OECD Publishing; 2020. p. 1–18.\nKruk C, Ling EJ, Bitton A, Cammett M, Cavanaugh K, Chopra M, et al. Building Resilient Health Systems: A Proposal for a Resilience Index. bmj.com [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Nov 4]; Available from: http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bmj.com\u002Fsubscribe.\nBarasa E, Mbau R, Policy LG-IJ of H, 2018 undefined. What is resilience and how can it be nurtured? A systematic review of empirical literature on organizational resilience. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [Internet]. [cited 2020 Nov 19]; Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Fpmc\u002Farticles\u002FPMC6015506\u002F.\nElger C. 3 Reasons Why Health Care Providers are Facing Disruption. 2019. Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fideawake.com\u002F3-reasons-why-health-care-providers-are-facing-disruption\u002F.\nPurcarea VL. The impact of marketing strategies in healthcare systems. J Med Life. 2019;12(2):93–6.\nGunawan I, Sopaheluwakan J, Sagala SAH, Zawani H, Amin S, Mangunsong RTJ. Building Indonesia’s resilience to disaster : experiences from mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in Indonesia program. The World Bank; 2016. p. 1–348.\nDjalante R, Garschagen M, Thomalla F, Shaw R. Introduction: Disaster Risk Reduction in Indonesia: Progress, Challenges, and Issues. 2017. p. 1–17. Available from: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.researchgate.net\u002Fpublication\u002F316627019_Introduction_Disaster_Risk_Reduction_in_Indonesia_Progress_Challenges_and_Issues\u002Fcitation\u002Fdownload.",{"VOID":1185},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-023-10416-8","2024-06-24T15:37:27.330+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-023-10416-8",[1189,1206,1221,1236,1251],{"id":1190,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":1191,"affiliations":1192,"properties":1201,"displayName":1203,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"4ea65cc9-f014-4da7-862d-236575340c6d",[153],[1193],{"id":1194,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1195,"properties":20},"ae0e33ff-67cd-4f3b-94ea-daa381747bc2",{"id":1194,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1196,"slug":20,"properties":1197,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1200,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1198},{"VI":1199},"Hospital Management Department, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia",[],{"title":1202,"gsAuthor":1204},{"VI":1203},"Nurmala Sari",{"VOID":1205},"[\"viH46fYAAAAJ\"]",{"id":1207,"sortIndex":168,"researcher":20,"roles":1208,"affiliations":1209,"properties":1218,"displayName":1220,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"4aa4c9ff-7b52-42bd-aaf5-db9e3adf7add",[153],[1210],{"id":1211,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1212,"properties":20},"2db332d4-8691-46d5-97d5-ade6b118a7ff",{"id":1211,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1213,"slug":20,"properties":1214,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1217,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1215},{"VI":1216},"Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK",[],{"title":1219},{"VI":1220},"Maye Omar",{"id":1222,"sortIndex":182,"researcher":20,"roles":1223,"affiliations":1224,"properties":1233,"displayName":1235,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"e5d4d064-7c32-4d53-94b9-33eda213c662",[153],[1225],{"id":1226,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1227,"properties":20},"02295ee9-1ffb-42bc-b202-21faedcaccc9",{"id":1226,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1228,"slug":20,"properties":1229,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1232,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1230},{"VI":1231},"Magister of Hospital Administration Study Program, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia",[],{"title":1234},{"VI":1235},"Syahrir A. Pasinringi",{"id":1237,"sortIndex":198,"researcher":20,"roles":1238,"affiliations":1239,"properties":1246,"displayName":1248,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"b030a65c-9b04-4cbc-b1c7-a54539eb930a",[153],[1240],{"id":1226,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1241,"properties":20},{"id":1226,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1242,"slug":20,"properties":1243,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1245,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1244},{"VI":1231},[],{"title":1247,"gsAuthor":1249},{"VI":1248},"Andi 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utilizers (HUs) are a small group of patients who impose a disproportionately high burden on the healthcare system due to their elevated resource use. Identification of persistent HUs is pertinent as interventions have not been effective due to regression to the mean in majority of patients. This study will use cost and utilization metrics to segment a hospital-based patient population into HU groups. The index visit for each adult patient to an Academic Medical Centre in Singapore during 2006 to 2012 was identified. Cost, length of stay (LOS) and number of specialist outpatient clinic (SOC) visits within 1 year following the index visit were extracted and aggregated. Patients were HUs if they exceeded the 90th percentile of any metric, and Non-HU otherwise. Seven different HU groups and a Non-HU group were constructed. The groups were described in terms of cost and utilization patterns, socio-demographic information, multi-morbidity scores and medical history. Logistic regression compared the groups’ persistence as a HU in any group into the subsequent year, adjusting for socio-demographic information and diagnosis history. A total of 388,162 patients above the age of 21 were included in the study. Cost-LOS-SOC HUs had the highest multi-morbidity and persistence into the second year. Common conditions among Cost-LOS and Cost-LOS-SOC HUs were cardiovascular disease, acute cerebrovascular disease and pneumonia, while most LOS and LOS-SOC HUs were diagnosed with at least one mental health condition. Regression analyses revealed that HUs across all groups were more likely to persist compared to Non-HUs, with stronger relationships seen in groups with high SOC utilization. Similar trends remained after further adjustment. HUs of healthcare services are a diverse group and can be further segmented into different subgroups based on cost and utilization patterns. Segmentation by these metrics revealed differences in socio-demographic characteristics, disease profile and persistence. Most HUs did not persist in their high utilization, and high SOC users should be prioritized for further longitudinal analyses. Segmentation will enable policy makers to better identify the diverse needs of patients, detect gaps in current care and focus their efforts in delivering care relevant and tailored to each segment.",{"EN":1326},"Characterization of high healthcare utilizer groups using administrative data from an electronic medical record database",{"VOID":1328},"[\"2557843764595668466\"]",{"VOID":1330},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-019-4239-2","2024-05-04T08:20:03.320+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-019-4239-2",[1334,1351,1364,1381,1396,1409,1422,1438,1451],{"id":1335,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":1336,"affiliations":1337,"properties":1346,"displayName":1348,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"c1d047e2-c27e-42ad-b63c-36eab9bc9643",[153],[1338],{"id":1339,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1340,"properties":20},"d8147288-58cb-44bb-926b-38dda43ccd5a",{"id":1339,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1341,"slug":20,"properties":1342,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1345,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1343},{"VI":1344},"Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore",[],{"title":1347,"gsAuthor":1349},{"VI":1348},"Sheryl Hui-Xian Ng",{"VOID":1350},"[\"tQKCnzkAAAAJ\"]",{"id":1352,"sortIndex":168,"researcher":20,"roles":1353,"affiliations":1354,"properties":1361,"displayName":1363,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"75ea0ed5-f891-4a31-bdb2-0a99c2bcad84",[153],[1355],{"id":1339,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1356,"properties":20},{"id":1339,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1357,"slug":20,"properties":1358,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1360,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1359},{"VI":1344},[],{"title":1362},{"VI":1363},"Nabilah Rahman",{"id":1365,"sortIndex":182,"researcher":20,"roles":1366,"affiliations":1367,"properties":1376,"displayName":1378,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"a1773c97-83d2-4e47-a35f-527ffd60ed60",[153],[1368],{"id":1369,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1370,"properties":20},"b6c6eabb-f34b-474c-a21a-59cc5d46afc7",{"id":1369,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1371,"slug":20,"properties":1372,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1375,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1373},{"VI":1374},"Regional Health System Office, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore",[],{"title":1377,"gsAuthor":1379},{"VI":1378},"Ian Yi Han Ang",{"VOID":1380},"[\"s2n1FBcAAAAJ\"]",{"id":1382,"sortIndex":198,"researcher":20,"roles":1383,"affiliations":1384,"properties":1391,"displayName":1393,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"238917e4-cbe4-4ba3-a76b-85552b45e2d9",[153],[1385],{"id":1339,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1386,"properties":20},{"id":1339,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1387,"slug":20,"properties":1388,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1390,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1389},{"VI":1344},[],{"title":1392,"gsAuthor":1394},{"VI":1393},"Srinath Sridharan",{"VOID":1395},"[\"T9nOLi0AAAAJ\"]",{"id":1397,"sortIndex":83,"researcher":20,"roles":1398,"affiliations":1399,"properties":1406,"displayName":1408,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"740452c2-654f-426b-b4ec-8d6602467de5",[153],[1400],{"id":1339,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1401,"properties":20},{"id":1339,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1402,"slug":20,"properties":1403,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1405,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1404},{"VI":1344},[],{"title":1407},{"VI":1408},"Sravan Ramachandran",{"id":1410,"sortIndex":225,"researcher":20,"roles":1411,"affiliations":1412,"properties":1419,"displayName":1421,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"327e95ac-4a74-4024-aabe-859964183373",[153],[1413],{"id":1339,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":1414,"properties":20},{"id":1339,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":1415,"slug":20,"properties":1416,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":1418,"statistic":20},[],{"title":1417},{"VI":1344},[],{"title":1420},{"VI":1421},"Debby D. 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W, Van Der WPJ, MAC T, Westert GP, PPT J. 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Int J Qual Heal Care. 2014;26:561–70. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fintqhc\u002Fmzu071.","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fintqhc\u002Fmzu071",{"mag":1948,"pmc":1949,"openalex":1950,"pm":1951,"doi":1952},"2145187093","4195469","W2145187093","25108537","10.1093\u002Fintqhc\u002Fmzu071",{"id":1542,"text":1954,"url":1544,"identifiers":1955},"Damery S, Flanagan S, Combes G. Does integrated care reduce hospital activity for patients with chronic diseases? An umbrella review of systematic reviews. BMJ Open. 2016;6:e011952.",{"doi":1546},{"id":1542,"text":1957,"url":1544,"identifiers":1958},"Baxter S, Johnson M, Chambers D, Sutton A, Goyder E, Booth A. The effects of integrated care: A systematic review of UK and international evidence. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18:1–13.",{"doi":1546},{"id":20,"text":1960,"url":1961,"identifiers":1962},"World Health Organisation (WHO). Integrated care models: an overview. 2016. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.euro.who.int\u002F__data\u002Fassets\u002Fpdf_file\u002F0005\u002F322475\u002FIntegrated-care-models-overview.pdf.","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.euro.who.int\u002F__data\u002Fassets\u002Fpdf_file\u002F0005\u002F322475\u002FIntegrated-care-models-overview.pdf",{},{"id":20,"text":1964,"url":1965,"identifiers":1966},"Goodwin N, Smith J, Davies A, Perry C, Rosen R, Dixon A, et al. Integrated care for patients and populations: Improving outcomes by working together. 2012. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kingsfund.org.uk\u002Fpublications\u002Fintegrated-care-patients-and-populations-improving-outcomes-working-together.","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kingsfund.org.uk\u002Fpublications\u002Fintegrated-care-patients-and-populations-improving-outcomes-working-together",{},{"id":1542,"text":1968,"url":1544,"identifiers":1969},"Rinehart DJ, Oronce C, Durfee MJ, Ranby KW, Batal HA, Hanratty R, et al. Identifying subgroups of adult superutilizers in an urban safety-net system using latent class analysis. Med Care. 2018;56:e1–9.",{"doi":1546},{"id":20,"text":1971,"url":1972,"identifiers":1973},"Yan S, Kwan YH, Tan CS, Thumboo J, Low LL. A systematic review of the clinical application of data-driven population segmentation analysis. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2018;9:1–12. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12874-018-0584-9.","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12874-018-0584-9",{"mag":1974,"pmc":1975,"openalex":1976,"pm":1977,"doi":1978},"2898856363","6215625","W2898856363","30390641","10.1186\u002Fs12874-018-0584-9",{"id":1542,"text":1980,"url":1544,"identifiers":1981},"Riley GF. Administrative and claims records as sources of health care cost data. Med Care. 2009;47(Supplement):S51–5.",{"doi":1546},{"id":1542,"text":1983,"url":1544,"identifiers":1984},"Schousboe JT, Paudel ML, Taylor BC, Kats AM, Virnig BA, Ensrud KE, et al. Estimating true resource costs of outpatient care for medicare beneficiaries: Standardized costs versus medicare payments and charges. Health Serv Res. 2016;51:205–19.",{"doi":1546},{"id":1542,"text":1986,"url":1544,"identifiers":1987},"Taira DA, Seto TB, Siegrist R, Cosgrove R, Berezin R, Cohen DJ. Comparison of analytic approaches for the economic evaluation of new technologies alongside multicenter clinical trials. Am Heart J. 2003;145:452–8.",{"doi":1546},{"id":1542,"text":1989,"url":1544,"identifiers":1990},"Saxena N, You AX, Zhu Z, Sun Y, George PP, Teow KL, et al. Singapore’s regional health systems-a data-driven perspective on frequent admitters and cross utilization of healthcare services in three systems. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2017;32:36–49.",{"doi":1546},{"id":1992,"createTime":1993,"updateTime":1994,"relativeEntities":1995,"slug":1996,"properties":1997,"entityType":142,"verifyStatus":143,"verifyTime":2008,"verifyNote":145,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":21,"primaryUrl":2009,"fullTextUrl":20,"authors":2010,"publicationType":293,"publisherRelationship":2117,"citationCount":21,"citationInfo":2163,"publishDate":2166,"publishYear":2164,"citationAnalyzeStatus":1313,"lastCitationAnalyze":1994,"indexDatabases":2167,"openAccess":20,"references":20,"isForceReanalyzing":344},"5d023772-7464-4933-810e-57114c7e9fa3","2024-01-10T20:51:56.312+00:00","2026-08-18T09:20:25.873+00:00",[],"Do-list-size-and-remuneration-affect-GPs-decisions-about-how-they-provide-consultations-",{"abstract":1998,"title":2000,"gsPaper":2002,"references":2004,"doi":2006},{"EN":1999},"Doctors' professional behaviour is influenced by the way they are paid. When GPs are paid per item, i.e., on a fee-for-service basis (FFS), there is a clear relationship between workload and income: more work means more money. In the case of capitation based payment, workload is not directly linked to income since the fees per patient are fixed. In this study list size was considered as an indicator for workload and we investigated how list size and remuneration affect GP decisions about how they provide consultations. The main objectives of this study were to investigate a) how list size is related to consultation length, waiting time to get an appointment, and the likelihood that GPs conduct home visits and b) to what extent the relationships between list size and these three variables are affected by remuneration. List size was used because this is an important determinant of objective workload. List size was corrected for number of older patients and patients who lived in deprived areas. We focussed on three dependent variables that we expected to be related to remuneration and list size: consultation length; waiting time to get an appointment; and home visits. Data were derived from the second Dutch National Survey of General Practice (DNSGP-2), carried out between 2000 and 2002. The data were collected using electronic medical records, videotaped consultations and postal surveys. Multilevel regression analyses were performed to assess the hypothesized relationships. Our results indicate that list size is negatively related to consultation length, especially among GPs with relatively large lists. A correlation between list size and waiting time to get an appointment, and a correlation between list size and the likelihood of a home visit were only found for GPs with small practices. These correlations are modified by the proportion of patients for whom GPs receive capitation fees. Waiting times to get an appointment tend to become shorter with increasing patient lists when there is a larger capitation percentage. The likelihood that GPs will conduct home visit rises with increasing patient lists when the capitation percentage is small. Remuneration appears to affect GPs' decisions about how they provide consultations, especially among GPs with relatively small patient lists. This role is, however, small compared to other factors such as patient characteristics.",{"EN":2001},"Do list size and remuneration affect GPs' decisions about how they provide consultations?",{"VOID":2003},"[\"10123016709128375320\"]",{"VOID":2005},"Groenewegen PP, Hutten JBF: Workload and job satisfaction among general practitioners: a review of the literature. Social Science & Medicine. 1991, 32 (10): 1111-1119. 10.1016\u002F0277-9536(91)90087-S.\nHutten JBF: Workload and provision of care in general practice. 1998, Utrecht: NIVEL\nZantinge EM, Verhaak PFM, De Bakker DH, Meer Van der K, Bensing JM: Does the attention General Practitioners pay to their patients' mental health problems add to their workload? A cross-sectional national survey. BMC Family Practice. 2006, 7: 71-10.1186\u002F1471-2296-7-71.\nMechanic D: The organisation of medical practice orientations among Physicians in prepaid and non-prepaid primary care settings. Med Care. 1975, 13: 189-204. 10.1097\u002F00005650-197503000-00001.\nGlaser WA: Paying the doctor. 1970, Baltimore, London: The John Hopkins Press\nDonaldson D, Gerard K: Paying general practitioners: shedding light on the review of health services. Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. 1989, 39 (320): 114-117.\nWoodward RS, Warren-Boulton FW: Considering the effects of financial incentives and professional ethics on 'appropriate' medical care. Journal of Health economics. 1984, 3 (3): 223-237. 10.1016\u002F0167-6296(84)90012-2.\nGosden T, Forland F, Kristiansen IS, Sutton M, Leese B, Giuffrida A, Sergison M, Pedersen L: Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed system of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Review. 2000, 3\nGreß S, Delnoij DMJ, Groenewegen PP: Managing primary care behaviour through payment systems and financial incentives. Primary care in the driver's seat? Maidenhead. Edited by: Saltman RB, Rico A, Boerma WGW. 2006, New York, Open University Press\nKrasnik A, Groenewegen PP, Pedersen PA, Van Scholten P, Mooney G, Gottschau A, Flierman HA, Damsgaard MT: Changing remuneration systems: effects on activity in general practice. BM J. 1990, 300: 1698-1701.\nCalnan M, Groenewegen PP, Hutten J: Professional reimbursement and management of time in general practice, an international comparison. Social Science & Medicine. 1992, 35 (2): 209-216. 10.1016\u002F0277-9536(92)90168-P.\nIversen T, Lurås H: The effect of capitation on GPs' referral decisions. Health Econ. 2000, 9 (3): 199-210. 10.1002\u002F(SICI)1099-1050(200004)9:3\u003C199::AID-HEC514>3.0.CO;2-2.\nKristiansen IS, Holtedahl K: Effect of the remuneration system on the general practitioner's choice between surgery consultations and home visits. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 1993, 47: 481-484. 10.1136\u002Fjech.47.6.481.\nChaix-Couturier C, Duran-Zaleski I, Jolly D, Durieux P: Effects of financial incentives on medical practice: results from a systematic review of the literature and methodological issues. International Journal for Quality of Health Care. 2000, 12 (2): 133-142. 10.1093\u002Fintqhc\u002F12.2.133.\nBoerma WGW, Groenewegen PP, Spreeuwenberg P: Variation in workload and allocation of time under different payment systems in General Practice. A European study. Profiles of General Practice in Europe. An international study of variation in the tasks of general practitioners. Edited by: Boerma WGW. 2003, Utrecht: NIVEL, 145-158.\nWilson A: Consultation length in general practice: a review. British journal of General Practice. 1991, 41: 119-22.\nHowie JGR, Heany DJ, Maxwell M, Walker JJ, Freeman GK, Rai H: Quality at general practice consultations: cross-sectional survey. BMJ. 1999, 319: 738-743.\nBoerma WGW, Groenewegen PP: GP home visiting in 18 European countries. Adding the role of health system features. European journal of General Practice. 2001, 7: 132-137.\nCalnan M, Butler JR: The economy of time in general practice: an assessment of the influence of list size. Social Science & Medicine. 1988, 4 (26): 435-441. 10.1016\u002F0277-9536(88)90312-7.\nWestert GP, Schellevis FG, De Bakker DH, Groenewegen PP, Bensing JM, Zee Van der J: Monitoring health inequalities through general practice: the Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice. The European journal of public health. 2005, 15 (1): 59-65. 10.1093\u002Feurpub\u002Fcki116.\nWestert GP, Hoonhout LHF, De Bakker DH, Hoogen Van den HJM, Schellevis FG: Huisartsen met en zonder elektronisch medisch dossier: weinig verschil in medisch handelen. Huisarts Wet. 2002, 45 (2): 58-62.\nBrink-Muinen Van den A, van Dulmen AM, Schellevis FG, Bensing JM: Tweede Nationale Studie naar ziekten en verrichtingen in de huisartspraktijk. Oog voor communicatie: huisarts-patiënt communicatie in Nederland [Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice. Focus on communication: GP-patient communication in the Netherlands]. 2004, Utrecht, NIVEL\nZantinge EM, Verhaak PFM, De Bakker DH, Kerssens JJ, Meer Van der K, Bensing JM: The workload of general practitioners does not affect their awareness of patients' psychological problems. Patient Education and Counseling. 2007, 67: 93-99. 10.1016\u002Fj.pec.2007.02.006.\nGuttman L: The basis for scalogram analysis. 1960, Indianapolis, Ind: Bobbs-Merrill, College Division\nBerg Van den MJ, De Bakker DH, Van Roosmalen M, Braspenning JCC: De staat van de huisartsenzorg [the state of Dutch General Practice]. 2005, Utrecht, NIVEL\nCardol M, Van Dijk L, De Jong JD, De Bakker DH, Westert GP: Tweede Nationale Studie naar ziekten en verrichtingen in de huisartspraktijk Huisartsenzorg: wat doet de poortwachter?[Second National Survey of General Practice: General practice care: the work of the gatekeeper]. 2004, Utrecht\u002FBilthoven: NIVEL\u002FRIVM\nVerheij RA, De Bakker DH, Reijneveld SA: Urbanicity, area and GP workload in the Netherlands. Urban-rural variations in health care. Edited by: Verheij RA. 1999, Utrecht, NIVEL\nJarman B: Identification of underprivileged areas. BMJ. 1983, 286: 1705-9.\nVerheij RA, De Bakker DH, Reijneveld SA: GP income in relation to workload in deprived urban areas in the Netherlands. European Journal of Public Health. 2001, 11: 264-266. 10.1093\u002Feurpub\u002F11.3.264.\nDeveugele M, Derese A, Brink-Muinen Van den A, Bensing J, De Maeseneer J: Consultation length in general practice: cross-sectional study. BMJ. 2002, 325: 472-4. 10.1136\u002Fbmj.325.7362.472.\nHofman-Okkes I: Hoe lang duurt een goed consult? Een literatuuronderzoek naar de relatie tussen lengte en kwaliteit van huisartsconsulten. Huisarts en Wetenschap. 1991, 1: 6-13.\nMechanic D: General practice in England and Wales: results from a survey of a national sample of general practitioners. Med Care. 1968, 6: 245-260. 10.1097\u002F00005650-196805000-00005.\nGroenewegen PP, Hutten JBF, Velden Van der K: List size, composition of practice and general practitioners' workload in the Netherlands. Social Science & Medicine. 1992, 34 (3): 263-270. 10.1016\u002F0277-9536(92)90268-U.\nOECD: Health at a glance, OECD indicators 2005. 2005, OECD, Paris\nFujisawa R, Lafortune G: The remuneration of general practitioners and specialists in 14 oecd countries: what are the factors influencing variations across countries?. 2008, OECD, Paris\nHingstman L, Kenens RJ: Cijfers uit de registratie van huisartsen. Peiling 2007. 2007, Utrecht, NIVEL\nThe pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http:\u002F\u002Fwww.biomedcentral.com\u002F1472-6963\u002F9\u002F39\u002Fprepub",{"VOID":2007},"10.1186\u002F1472-6963-9-39","2024-06-24T16:37:45.783+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002F1472-6963-9-39",[2011,2028,2050,2073,2095],{"id":2012,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":2013,"affiliations":2014,"properties":2023,"displayName":2025,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"585adb87-b82d-45d6-9671-262189292da5",[153],[2015],{"id":2016,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":2017,"properties":20},"160588b6-f095-48b2-97d4-08ce39c2b3d5",{"id":2016,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":2018,"slug":20,"properties":2019,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":2022,"statistic":20},[],{"title":2020},{"VI":2021},"Nivel (Netherlands Institute 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the rapid uptake of genomic technologies within cancer care, few studies provide detailed information on the costs of sequencing across different applications. The objective of the study was to examine and categorise the complete costs involved in genomic sequencing for a range of applications within cancer settings. We performed a cost-analysis using gross and micro-costing approaches for genomic sequencing performed during 2017\u002F2018 across different settings in Brisbane, Australia. Sequencing was undertaken for patients with lung, breast, oesophageal cancers, melanoma or mesothelioma. Aggregated resource data were captured for a total of 1433 patients and point estimates of per patient costs were generated. Deterministic sensitivity analyses addressed the uncertainty in the estimates. Estimated costs to the public health system for resources were categorised into seven distinct activities in the sequencing process: sampling, extraction, library preparation, sequencing, analysis, data storage and clinical reporting. Costs were also aggregated according to labour, consumables, testing, equipment and ‘other’ categories. The per person costs were AU$347–429 (2018 US$240–297) for targeted panels, AU$871–$2788 (2018 US$604–1932) for exome sequencing, and AU$2895–4830 (2018 US$2006-3347) for whole genome sequencing. Cost proportions were highest for library preparation\u002Fsequencing materials (average 76.8% of total costs), sample extraction (8.1%), data analysis (9.2%) and data storage (2.6%). Capital costs for the sequencers were an additional AU$34–197 (2018 US$24–67) per person. Total costs were most sensitive to consumables and sequencing activities driven by commercial prices. Per person sequencing costs for cancer are high when tumour\u002Fblood pairs require testing. Using the natural steps involved in sequencing and categorising resources accordingly, future evaluations of costs or cost-effectiveness of clinical genomics across cancer projects could be more standardised and facilitate easier comparison of cost drivers.",{"EN":2178},"Estimating the costs of genomic sequencing in cancer control",{"VOID":2180},"[\"17995020304545884146\"]",{"VOID":2182},"Kchouk M, Gibrat J, Elloumi M. Generations of sequencing technologies: from first to next generation. Biol Med. 2017;9(3):1000395.\nShabaruddin FH, Fleeman ND, Payne K. Economic evaluations of personalized medicine: existing challenges and current developments. Pharmgenomics Pers Med. 2015;8:115–26. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2147\u002FPGPM.S35063 eCollection 2015.\nMarino P, Touzani R, Perrier L, Rouleau E, Kossi DS, Zhaomin Z, et al. Cost of cancer diagnosis using next-generation sequencing targeted gene panels in routine practice: a nationwide French study. Eur J Hum Genet. 2018;26(3):314–23. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fs41431-017-0081-3 Epub 2018 Jan 24.\nFrank M, Prenzler A, Eils R, von der Schulenburg JM G. Genome sequencing: a systematic review of health economic evidence. Health Econ Rev. 2013;3(1):29. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002F2191-1991-3-29.\nPayne K, Gavan SP, Wright SJ, Thompson AJ. Cost-effectiveness analyses of genetic and genomic diagnostic tests. Nat Rev Genet. 2018;19(4):235–46.\nTan O, Shrestha R, Cunich M, Schofield DJ. Application of next-generation sequencing to improve cancer management: a review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. Clin Genet. 2018;93(3):533–44. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fcge.13199 Epub 2018 Feb 8.\nEndris V, Penzel R, Warth A, Muckenhuber A, Schirmacher P, Stenzinger A, et al. Molecular diagnostic profiling of lung cancer specimens with a semiconductor-based massive parallel sequencing approach: feasibility, costs, and performance compared with conventional sequencing. J Mol Diagn. 2013;15(6):765–75. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jmoldx.2013.06.002 Epub Aug 21.\nDoble B, Tan M, Harris A, Lorgelly P. Modeling companion diagnostics in economic evaluations of targeted oncology therapies: systematic review and methodological checklist. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2015;15(2):235–54. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1586\u002F14737159.2014.929499 Epub 2014 Aug 21.\nDelaney SK, Hultner ML, Jacob HJ, Ledbetter DH, McCarthy JJ, Ball M, et al. Toward clinical genomics in everyday medicine: perspectives and recommendations. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2016;16(5):521–32. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1586\u002F14737159.2016.1146593 Epub 2016 Feb 24.\nGaff CL, Winship IM, Forrest SM, Hansen DP, Clark J, Waring PM, et al. Preparing for genomic medicine: a real world demonstration of health system change. NPJ Genom Med. 2017;2:16. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fs41525-017-0017-4 eCollection 2017.\nPayne K, Eden M, Davison N, Bakker E. Toward health technology assessment of whole-genome sequencing diagnostic tests: challenges and solutions. Per Med. 2017;14(3):235–47. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2217\u002Fpme-016-0089 Epub 2017 May 5.\nBennette CS, Gallego CJ, Burke W, Jarvik GP, Veenstra DL. The cost-effectiveness of returning incidental findings from next-generation genomic sequencing. Genet Med. 2015;17(7):587–95.\nWeymann D, Laskin J, Roscoe R, Schrader KA, Chia S, Yip S, et al. The cost and cost trajectory of whole-genome analysis guiding treatment of patients with advanced cancers. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2017;5(3):251–60. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fmgg3.281.%20eCollection%202017%20May.\nTsiplova K, Zur RM, Marshall CR, Stavropoulos DJ, Pereira SL, Merico D, et al. A microcosting and cost-consequence analysis of clinical genomic testing strategies in autism spectrum disorder. Genet Med. 2017;19(11):1268–75.\nHayeems RZ, Bhawra J, Tsiplova K, Meyn MS, Monfared N, Bowdin S, et al. Care and cost consequences of pediatric whole genome sequencing compared to chromosome microarray. Eur J Human Genet. 2017;25(12):1303–12.\nSchwarze K, Buchanan J, Fermont JM, Dreau H, Tilley MW, Taylor JM, et al. The complete costs of genome sequencing: a microcosting study in cancer and rare diseases from a single center in the United Kingdom. Genet Med. 2020;22(1):85–94. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fs41436-019-0618-7 Epub 2019 Jul 30.\nSabatini LM, Mathews C, Ptak D, Doshi S, Tynan K, Hegde MR, et al. Genomic sequencing procedure microcosting analysis and health economic cost-impact analysis: a report of the Association for Molecular Pathology. J Mol Diagn. 2016;18(3):319–28.\nStark Z, Schofield D, Alam K, Wilson W, Mupfeki N, Macciocca I, et al. Prospective comparison of the cost-effectiveness of clinical whole-exome sequencing with that of usual care overwhelmingly supports early use and reimbursement. Genet Med. 2017;19(8):867–74. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fgim.2016.221.%20Epub%207%20Jan%2026.\nCosta S, Regier DA, Meissner B, Cromwell I, Ben-Neriah S, Chavez E, et al. A time-and-motion approach to micro-costing of high-throughput genomic assays. Curr Oncol (Toronto, Ont). 2016;23(5):304–13.\nGallego CJ, Shirts BH, Bennette CS, Guzauskas G, Amendola LM, Horike-Pyne M, et al. Next-generation sequencing panels for the diagnosis of colorectal Cancer and polyposis syndromes: a cost-effectiveness analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(18):2084–91. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1200\u002FJCO.2014.59.3665 Epub 2015 May 4.\nLi Y, Bare LA, Bender RA, Sninsky JJ, Wilson LS, Devlin JJ, et al. Cost effectiveness of sequencing 34 Cancer-associated genes as an aid for treatment selection in patients with metastatic melanoma. Mol Diagn Ther. 2015;19(3):169–77. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs40291-015-0140-9.\nMarino P, Touzani R, Perrier L, Rouleau E, Kossi DS, Zhaomin Z, et al. Cost of cancer diagnosis using next-generation sequencing targeted gene panels in routine practice: a nationwide French study. Eur J Hum Genet. 2018;26(3):314–23.\nvan Nimwegen KJ, van Soest RA, Veltman JA, Nelen MR, van der Wilt GJ, Vissers LE, et al. Is the $1000 Genome as Near as We Think? A Cost Analysis of Next-Generation Sequencing. Clin Chem. 2016;62(11):1458–64. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1373\u002Fclinchem.2016.258632 Epub 2016 Sep 14.\nPlothner M, Frank M, von der Schulenburg JG. Cost analysis of whole genome sequencing in German clinical practice. Eur J Health Econ. 2017;18(5):623–33.\nNolan D, Carlson M. Whole exome sequencing in pediatric neurology patients: clinical implications and estimated cost analysis. J Child Neurol. 2016;31(7):887–94.\nSchwarze K, Buchanan J, Taylor JC, Wordsworth S. Are whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing approaches cost-effective? A systematic review of the literature. Genet Med. 2018;15(10):247.\nTan SS, Rutten FF, van Ineveld BM, Redekop WK, Hakkaart-van RL. Comparing methodologies for the cost estimation of hospital services. Eur J Health Econ. 2009;10(1):39–45. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10198-008-0101-x Epub 2008 Mar 14.\nMedical Services Advisory Committee (MSAC) Reform Implementation. Process Framework. Canberra: Department of Health; 2016.\nDrummond M, Sculpher MJ, Torrance GW, O'Brien BJ, Stoddart GL. Chapter 4. Cost analysis. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes. 3rd ed. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 2005. p. 1–379.\nPatch AM, Nones K, Kazakoff SH, Newell F, Wood S, Leonard C, et al. Germline and somatic variant identification using BGISEQ-500 and HiSeq X ten whole genome sequencing. PLoS One. 2018;13(1):e0190264. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pone eCollection 2018.",{"VOID":2184},"10.1186\u002Fs12913-020-05318-y","2024-06-24T16:47:54.869+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fbmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs12913-020-05318-y",[2188,2221,2238,2251,2276,2291,2304,2317,2330,2343],{"id":2189,"sortIndex":21,"researcher":20,"roles":2190,"affiliations":2191,"properties":2216,"displayName":2218,"givenName":20,"familyName":20},"fcbaeaf5-285c-4142-8734-89973fbf87a8",[153],[2192,2200,2208],{"id":2193,"sortIndex":21,"affiliation":2194,"properties":20},"c5d3d72f-02c6-484a-96df-6d0b12a9086d",{"id":2193,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":2195,"slug":20,"properties":2196,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":2199,"statistic":20},[],{"title":2197},{"VI":2198},"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Population Health Department, Brisbane, Australia",[],{"id":2201,"sortIndex":168,"affiliation":2202,"properties":20},"2fbb6c7e-3e96-491f-a7d7-5965819e1697",{"id":2201,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":2203,"slug":20,"properties":2204,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":2207,"statistic":20},[],{"title":2205},{"VI":2206},"Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia",[],{"id":2209,"sortIndex":182,"affiliation":2210,"properties":20},"162593ae-6013-4f27-9417-cf2edfde1b41",{"id":2209,"createTime":20,"updateTime":20,"relativeEntities":2211,"slug":20,"properties":2212,"entityType":20,"verifyStatus":20,"verifyTime":20,"verifyNote":20,"languages":20,"translateLanguages":20,"viewCount":20,"url":20,"parentIds":2215,"statistic":20},[],{"title":2213},{"VI":2214},"The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia",[],{"title":2217,"gsAuthor":2219},{"VI":2218},"Louisa G. 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