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Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy","Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ",{"EN":487,"VI":488},"\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">04\u002F10\u002F2015 Ministry of Information and Communications allowed Can Tho journal of medicine and pharmacy to operate (102 \u002FGP-BTTTT)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">07\u002F16\u002F2015 Can Tho journal of medicine and pharmacy is internationally recognized: ISSN 2354-1210\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">In 2016, The journal has been included in the list of medical science journals by The State Council for professorship which is awarded a work score of 0-0.5 points for a published article.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Can Tho Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy welcome original works that haven’t been submitted or published in other medical journals. Posts must contain content related to one of the journal’s categories.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">The content published\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">The journal is divided into 3 categories:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Scientific research article: are valuable scientific works, which have been researched and accepted.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Overview of medicine, biology and pharmacy: serving the objective of continuing training in the fields of medicine, biology and pharmacy; to systematize classical and modern knowledge.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Update information on new knowledge about medicine, biology, pharmacy in the country and in the world.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Scope\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Publication and introduction of scientific research in the fields:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">+ Medicine (internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, odonto-stomatology, laboratory, oncology, traditional medicine, nursing).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">+ Biology (genetics, biotechnology).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">+ Pharmacology (pharmaceutics, drug quality analysis-control, synthetic pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacognosy, botany, clinical pharmacy).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- To enhance the quality of undergraduate, postgraduate education, scientifically researching and meet the necessary treatment in hospital.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Introducing the updated domestic and oversea information about science technology to promote scientific research and exchanging technology in local, other universities.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">- Exchanging pharmaceutical and medical information for social health developing in the Mekong Delta and Vietnam.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">The object\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Postgraduate students, student of Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, scientists from schools, research institutes, hospitals, health centers, pharmaceutical companies of the Mekong Delta; other provinces and regions in Vietnam and other country.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Address\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Headquarters of Can Tho Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy, located Scientific Research and International Cooperation Office: 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Ngày 16\u002F7\u002F2015, Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ được cấp chỉ số quốc tế: ISSN 2354-1210.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Từ tháng 4\u002F2016, Tạp chí đã được Hội đồng Giáo sư ngành Y đưa vào danh sách các tạp chí khoa học Y học được tính điểm công trình 0-0,5 điểm cho một bài báo đăng.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Năm 2020 Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ đã được phê duyệt vào danh mục của các Hội đồng Giáo sư ngành Dược học được tính điểm công trình 0-0,5 điểm cho một bài báo đăng.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ ra 12 số\u002Fnăm, 180-200 trang\u002Fsố.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Từ tháng 12\u002F2022 Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ là thành viên của hệ thống Crossref và từ tháng 01\u002F2023 tạp chí thực hiện bình duyệt online kín 2 chiều nhằm tăng tính minh bạch, tin cậy của các công trình nghiên cứu khoa học và đảm bảo tốt nhất chất lượng khoa học của bài viết.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tôn chỉ, mục đích và phạm vi của tạp chí\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tôn chỉ và mục đích hoạt động của tạp chí: xuất bản nhằm mục đích phổ biến kết quả từ các đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học; giao lưu trao đổi khoa học, chia sẻ kinh nghiệm, học tập, đồng thời cập nhật thông tin khoa học mới trong các lĩnh vực y, sinh, dược học trong và ngoài nước.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Phạm vi của tạp chí: Tạp chí xuất bản được chia thành 3 chuyên mục: (i) Bài báo nghiên cứu khoa học là kết quả công trình nghiên cứu khoa học có giá trị đã được triển khai nghiên cứu, (ii) Bài tổng quan y, sinh, dược học: phục vụ mục tiêu đào tạo liên tục trong lĩnh vực y, sinh, dược học; nhằm hệ thống hóa những kiến thức kinh điển và hiện đại; (iii) Thông tin cập nhật kiến thức mới về y, sinh, dược học trong nước và trên thế giới.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Chính sách truy cập mở\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ áp dụng chính sách truy cập mở đối với các bài báo đã xuất bản đến với độc giả, nhằm mở rộng cơ hội tiếp cận các kết quả nghiên cứu chất lượng cao và tăng cường trao đổi kiến thức. Tạp chí đăng tải trực tuyến (miễn phí) toàn văn các bài báo được công bố trên website của Tạp chí (https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Đạo đức xuất bản\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ cam kết tuân thủ đạo đức xuất bản phù hợp với các hướng dẫn và tiêu chuẩn của the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), tuân thủ các nguyên tắc của COPE’s Core Practices, Best Practices Guidelines for Journal Editors và Guidelines on Good Publication Practices.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Bản thảo bài báo chỉ được chấp nhận khi được tác giả chịu trách nhiệm chính cam kết các nội dung sau: Các nội dung của bản thảo chưa được đăng tải toàn bộ hoặc một phần ở các tạp chí khác; Tất cả các tác giả đều có đóng góp một cách đáng kể vào quá trình nghiên cứu hoặc chuẩn bị bản thảo và cùng chịu trách nhiệm về các nội dung của bản thảo; Tuân thủ các biện pháp đảm bảo đạo đức nghiên cứu (ví dụ thỏa thuận đồng ý tham gia nghiên cứu).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Cam kết bảo mật\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí cam kết thực hiện và tuân thủ các quy định của luật và các văn bản hướng dẫn liên quan đến bảo mật thông tin cá nhân trên không gian mạng. Các thông tin mà người dùng (tác giả, độc giả, biên tập viên, người phản biện) nhập vào các biểu mẫu trên Hệ thống Quản lý xuất bản trực tuyến của tạp chí chỉ được sử dụng vào các mục đích đã được tuyên bố rõ ràng và sẽ không được cung cấp cho bất kỳ bên thứ ba nào khác, hay dùng vào bất kỳ mục đích nào khác.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Phí gửi bài\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Lệ phí gửi đăng bài: 1.000.000đ\u002Fbài báo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Lệ phí gửi đăng nhanh: 1.500.000đ\u002Fbài báo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Đối với tác giả là cán bộ viên chức thuộc Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ thì được hỗ trợ 50% lệ phí gửi đăng bài.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Đối với sinh viên thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cấp trường được hỗ trợ 100% lệ phí đăng bài ( Tác giả gửi đính kèm “ Quyết định về việc giao tổ chức thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cấp Trường của sinh viên”).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Hình thức nộp lệ phí:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Tiền mặt:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Nộp trực tiếp tại Phòng Tài chính - Kế toán, Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ, số 179 Nguyễn Văn Cừ, P. An Khánh, Q. Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Chuyển khoản:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tên Tài khoản: Trường ĐHYD Cần Thơ, Số TK: 0111000115668, tại ngân hàng Vietcombank chi nhánh Cần Thơ.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Thời gian: Áp dụng từ ngày 01\u002F02\u002F2023.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">* Phí gửi bài không được hoàn trả khi bài viết bị từ chối hoặc tác giả xin rút bài viết.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Quy trình phản biện bài báo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ thực hiện quy trình phản biện kín hai chiều nghiêm ngặt. Danh tính của những người phản biện không được tiết lộ cho các tác giả và ngược lại. Quy trình thẩm định bài báo đăng gồm các bước sau:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tiếp nhận bản thảo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Tác giả liên hệ gửi bản thảo đến Tạp chí qua hệ thống trực tuyến tại website: https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn. Hướng dẫn về cách đăng ký, gửi bài và chuẩn bị bản thảo được cung cấp trên website của Tạp chí.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Sàng lọc sơ bộ\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Sau khi Tòa soạn nhận được bài báo của tác giả, Ban Thư ký sẽ tiến hành kiểm tra sơ bộ bài báo (các yêu cầu về nội dung và hình thức). Những bài báo không đúng quy cách hoặc có nội dung không phù hợp hoặc vi phạm bản quyền sẽ bị từ chối (Ban Thư ký thông báo phản hồi đến tác giả trong vòng 1 tuần). Những bài báo đủ điều kiện, được Ban Thư ký tòa soạn chuyển đến Ban Biên tập có cùng chuyên môn với nội dung bài báo để đề xuất người phản biện. Thời gian kể từ khi Ban Biên tập nhận bài báo đến khi đề xuất người phản biện bài báo chậm nhất là 5 ngày.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Vòng phản biện\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Ban Thư ký gửi bài và yêu cầu phản biện đến 02 phản biện độc lập.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Các phản biện gởi nhận xét cho Ban Thư ký. Thời gian từ khi gửi bài cho phản biện đến khi nhận ý kiến của phản biện tối đa là 20 ngày.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Xử ký kết quả phản biện\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Nếu ý kiến đồng ý cho đăng và không cần chỉnh sửa, Ban Thư ký tiếp tục đăng bài theo qui trình.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Nếu ý kiến đồng ý đăng và cần chỉnh sửa, Ban Thư ký sẽ thông tin đến tác giả chỉnh sửa theo yêu cầu của người phản biện. Thời gian chỉnh sửa và gửi lại kéo dài không quá 2 tuần, từ khi tác giả bài báo nhận được thông tin (Quá trình này có thể lặp lại tối đa 2 lần\u002F1 bài báo). Khi có sự thống nhất, đồng ý của người phản biện; bài báo được tiếp tục đăng theo qui trình.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">3. Những bài báo có chất lượng không đạt yêu cầu, cả 2 phản biện không đồng ý cho đăng sẽ bị Tòa soạn từ chối đăng.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Xuất bản\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">1. Ban Thư ký tổng hợp các bản thảo đã được tác giả hoàn thiện sau thẩm định trình Ban Biên tập xem xét, Tổng Biên tập phê duyệt, quyết định bài đăng theo các tiêu chí: sự phù hợp nội dung với tôn chỉ và mục đích, thể loại bài viết (ưu tiên các bài có bài có nghiên cứu chuyên sâu, hàm lượng khoa học cao), đóng góp mới bài báo, bài báo được ưu tiên đăng trong số gần nhất của Tạp chí theo thứ tự: tính thời sự, chất lượng bài báo và thời gian gửi bài.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">2. Ban Biên tập và Ban Thư ký biên tập bản thảo, chế bản, đọc rà soát lỗi. Thời gian hoàn thành từ 10-15 ngày.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">3. Ban Thư ký có trách nhiệm thông báo cho tác giả bài báo (bằng e-mail) về tình hình phê duyệt bài báo, thời gian, số kỳ, tập xuất bản bài báo theo qui định.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">4. Danh sách bài báo theo số Tạp chí được in ấn và phát hành trong năm định kỳ được công bố chính thức trên website: https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>",{"VOID":490},"wcQ1uqwAAAAJ","2023-05-30T08:17:21.868+00:00",[],[494],{"id":495,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":496,"slug":28,"properties":497,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":507,"parentIds":508,"statistic":28},"6413896b-eca9-442b-a73f-182a58a0ce40",[],{"title":498,"address":501,"country":504,"abbreviation":505},{"EN":499,"VI":500},"Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy","Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ",{"EN":502,"VI":503},"No 179, Nguyen Van Cu street, An Khanh ward, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho city, Vietnam","Số 179, đường Nguyễn Văn Cừ, phường An Khánh, quận Ninh Kiều, thành phố Cần Thơ, Việt Nam",{"VOID":15},{"VOID":506},"ctump","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.ctump.edu.vn\u002F",[],[],"https:\u002F\u002Ftapchi.ctump.edu.vn\u002Findex.php\u002Fctump",{"impactFactor":32,"impactFactorByYear":512,"i10Index":32,"i10IndexLast5Year":32,"totalPublication":514,"totalPublicationByYear":515,"totalCitation":520,"totalCitationByYear":521,"totalCitationPerPublication":108,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":523,"hindexLast5Year":45,"hindex":45},{"2022":513,"2023":111,"2024":106},0.01,1556,{"2020":47,"2021":516,"2022":517,"2023":518,"2024":519,"2025":122},57,306,801,358,161,{"2021":146,"2022":280,"2023":522},99,{"2021":524,"2022":318,"2023":104},0.23,{"impactFactor":28,"impactFactorByYear":28,"i10Index":123,"i10IndexLast5Year":123,"totalPublication":526,"totalPublicationByYear":527,"totalCitation":526,"totalCitationByYear":528,"totalCitationPerPublication":40,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":531,"hindexLast5Year":49,"hindex":49},476,{"0":205,"2019":123,"2021":139,"2022":459,"2023":451,"2024":357,"2025":49,"2026":48},{"2021":42,"2022":123,"2023":161,"2024":529,"2025":360,"2026":530},136,83,{"2021":105,"2022":513,"2023":532,"2024":127,"2025":533,"2026":534},0.62,25.43,13.83,{"id":536,"createTime":537,"updateTime":382,"relativeEntities":538,"slug":539,"properties":540,"entityType":25,"verifyStatus":26,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":552,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":133,"subjectFields":553,"manageAffiliations":554,"indexDatabases":555,"url":556,"thumbnailPath":557,"statistic":558,"gsStatistic":594,"type":55,"analyzePriority":28},"6984a56a-db70-403b-9cc4-4013e1ceaffa","2023-05-09T06:47:40.346+00:00",[],"T%E1%BA%A1p%20ch%C3%AD%20Nghi%C3%AAn%20c%E1%BB%A9u%20n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc%20ngo%C3%A0i",{"country":541,"issn":542,"title":544,"introduce":547,"gsId":550},{"VOID":15},{"VOID":543},"25252445",{"EN":545,"VI":546},"VNU Journal of Foreign Studies","Tạp chí Nghiên cứu nước ngoài",{"EN":548,"VI":549},"{\"ops\":[{\"insert\":\"\\n\\nThe \\n\"},{\"attributes\":{\"italic\":true},\"insert\":\"VNU Journal of Science\"},{\"insert\":\"\\n was established in 1985 for the publication of national and international research papers in all fields of natural sciences and technology, social sciences and humanities. 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In both sites, the Hedley P fractions were compared in annual cropping, alley cropping, multistrata agroforestry and old forest systems. On the Ultisol, the effect of P fertilization on the soil P fractions was also examined. Under non-fertilized conditions, the multistrata and forest systems maintained more and a greater proportion of P in plant-available resin form than the annual or alley cropping systems. Greater resin P was associated with greater amounts and percentages of P in bicarbonate fractions and less P in residual fractions. The latter may be caused by greater and more temporally constant organic matter additions, less mineralization of labile soil organic matter fractions due to lower soil temperatures, and the long-term mobilization of residual P due to P immobilization in the biomass of the multistrata or forest systems. With P fertilization, resin P was related to inorganic P fractions. However, resin P increased even more when inorganic P fertilizers were combined with organic residue additions.","PUBLICATION","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1013316318380",[1023,1039],{"id":1024,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1025,"affiliations":1027,"properties":1036,"displayName":1038,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"7cc5fd01-2653-4104-8b92-454159a3d396",[1026],"AUTHOR",[1028],{"id":1029,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1030,"properties":28},"16f06f06-c0b7-4ce7-8f9b-61728670d30b",{"id":1029,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1031,"slug":28,"properties":1032,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1035,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1033},{"VI":1034},"Soil Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA",[],{"title":1037},{"VI":1038},"L. T. 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In order to propose realistic methods for C. odorata production in local nurseries in the dry tropical region of Nicaragua, we studied: (a) the ability of locally collected C. odorata seeds to germinate, (b) seed response to storage under ambient conditions or under cold storage, (c) the effects of irradiance and watering during cultivation on seedling morphology and post-transplantation survival, and (d) the effects of competition from grasses on C. odorata seedlings transplanted to pastures. Seed germination ranged from 55 to 66% and remained constant after 6 months of storage under ambient conditions or cold storage. C. odorata seedling morphology was sensitive to irradiation and watering in the nursery growing period. Deep shade reduced seedling biomass and leafiness and increased specific leaf area and root-to-shoot ratio. Water shortage increased root mass ratio and root-to-shoot ratio and decreased leaf mass ratio. Post-transplantation success was favored by weeding, and was the highest for seedlings grown under deep shade and water restrictions.",{"EN":1121},"Optimizing nursery and plantation methods to grow Cedrela odorata seedlings in tropical dry agroecosystems",{"VOID":1123},"Becker P, Sharbini N, Yahya R (1999) Root architecture and root: shoot allocation of shrubs and saplings in two lowland tropical forests: implications for life-form composition. Biotropica 31:93–101. doi:10.1111\u002Fj.1744-7429.1999.tb00120.x\nBeer J, Muschler R, Kass D, Somarriba E (1998) Shade management in coffee and cacao plantations. Agrofor Syst 38:139–164. doi:10.1023\u002FA:1005956528316\nBöhringer A, Ayuk ET, Katanga R, Ruvuga S (2003) Farmer nurseries as a catalyst for developing sustainable land use systems in southern Africa Part A: nursery productivity and organization. Agr Syst 77:187–201. doi:10.1016\u002FS0308-521X(02)00185-3\nBuitink J, Leprince O, Hemminga MA, Hoekstra FA (2000) Molecular mobility in the cytoplasm: an approach to describe and predict lifespan of dry germplasm. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:2385–2390\nCoomes D, Grubb PJ (2000) Impacts of root competition in forests and woodlands: a theoretical framework and review of experiments. Ecol Monogr 70:171–207. doi:10.1890\u002F0012-9615(2000)070[0171:IORCIF]2.0.CO;2\nCurrent D, Lutz E, Scherr SJ (1995) The costs and benefits of agroforestry to farmers. World Bank Res Obs 10:151–180. doi:10.1093\u002Fwbro\u002F10.2.151\nGonzález-Rivas B, Tibagu M, Gerhardt K, Castro-Marín G, Odén PC (2006) Species composition, diversity and local uses of tropical dry deciduous and gallery forests in Nicaragua. Biodivers Conserv 15:1509–1527. doi:10.1007\u002Fs10531-005-2632-0\nGonzález-Rivas B, Tibagu M, Gerhardt K, Castro-Marín G, Odén PC (2009) Seed germination and seedling establishment of neotropical dry forest species in response to temperature and light conditions. J For Res 20:99–104. doi:10.1007\u002Fs11676-009-0018-y\nGrijpma P, Gara RI (1970) Studies on the shootborer Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller): I. Host selection behavior. In: Grijpma P (ed.) Studies on the shootborer Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) Lep., Pyralidae. Vol 1. Miscellaneous Publications No. 101. Inter-American Institute of Agricultural Sciences, San José\nGriscom HP, Ashton PMS, Berlyn GP (2005) Seedling survival and growth of native tree species in pastures: implications for dry tropical forest rehabilitation in central Panama. For Ecol Manag 218:306–318. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.foreco.2005.08.026\nGyimah R, Nakao T (2007) Early growth and photosynthetic responses to light in seedlings of three tropical species differing in successional strategies. New For 33:217–236. doi:10.1007\u002Fs11056-006-9028-1\nHuante P, Rincón E (1998) Responses to light changes in tropical deciduous woody seedlings with contrasting growth rates. Oecologia 113:53–66. doi:10.1007\u002Fs004420050353\nIbrahim M, Camargo JC (2001) Cómo aumentar la regeneración de árboles maderables en potreros? Agroforestería en las Américas 8:35–41. ftp:\u002F\u002Fftp.fao.org\u002Fdocrep\u002Fnonfao\u002Flead\u002Fx6354s\u002Fx6354s00.pdf. Accessed 07 Feb 2007\nJoslin AH, Markewitz D, Morris LA, Oliveira FD, Figueiredo RO, Kato OR (2011) Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. Agrofor Syst 81:1–14. doi:10.1007\u002Fs10457-010-9356-1\nKitajima K (1994) Relative importance of photosynthetic traits and allocation patterns as correlated of seedling shade tolerance of 13 tropical trees. Oecologia 98:419–428. doi:10.1007\u002FBF00324232\nKobe RK (1999) Light gradient partitioning among tropical tree species through differential seedling mortality and growth. Ecology 80:187–201. doi:10.1890\u002F0012-9658(1999)080[0187:LGPATT]2.0.CO;2\nLove B, Spaner D (2005) A survey of small-scale farmers using trees in pastures in Herrera province, Panama. J Sustain Forest 20:37–65. doi:10.1300\u002FJ091v20n03_03\nMárquez J, Xotla U, González JE (2005) Estudio de la germinación y crecimiento inicial de plántulas de Cedrela odorata L. Foresta Veracruzana 7:45–52. http:\u002F\u002Fredalyc.uaemex.mx\u002Fpdf\u002F497\u002F49770208.pdf. Accessed 07 Feb 2011\nMéndez VE, Lok R, Somarriba E (2001) Interdisciplinary analysis of homegardens in Nicaragua: micro-zonation, plant use and socioeconomic importance. Agrofor Syst 51:85–96. doi:10.1023\u002FA:1010622430223\nMercer DE (2004) Adoption of agroforestry innovations in the tropics: a review. Agrofor Syst 204411:311–328. doi:10.1023\u002FB:AGFO.0000029007.85754.70\nMexal JG, Cuevas RA, Negreros-Castillo P, Paraguirre C (2002) Nursery production practices affect survival and growth of tropical hardwoods in Quintana Roo, Mexico. For Ecol Manag 168:125–133. doi:10.1016\u002FS0378-1127(01)00735-6\nNavarro C, Montagnini F, Hernández G (2004) Genetic variability of Cedrela odorata Linnaeus: results of early performance of provenances and families from Mesoamerica grown in association with coffee. For Ecol Manag 192:217–227. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.foreco.2004.01.037\nNewman Y, Vendramini J, Blount A (2010) Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum): overview and management. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida. SS-AGR-332. http:\u002F\u002Fedis.ifas.ufl.edu\u002Fpdffiles\u002FAG\u002FAG34200.pdf. Accessed 1 March 2011\nNewton AC, Baker P, Ramnarin S, Mesrn JF, Leakey RRB (1993) The mahogany shoot borer: prospects for control. For Ecol Manag 57:301–328. doi:10.1016\u002F0378-1127(93)90179-Q\nPennington TD, Styles BT, Taylor DAH (1981) Meliaceae with accounts of Swietenioideae and Chemotaxonomy. Flora Neotropica, Monograph No. 28. The New York Botanical Garden, New York 470 pp\nPoorter L (1999) Growth responses of 15 rain-forest tree species to a light gradient: the relative importance of morphological and physiological traits. Funct Ecol 13:396–410. doi:10.1046\u002Fj.1365-2435.1999.00332.x\nPoorter L, Hayashida-Oliver Y (2000) Effects of seasonal drought on gap and understory seedlings in a Bolivian moist forest. J Trop Ecol 16:481–498. doi:10.1007\u002Fs00468-004-0393-0\nRicker M, Siebe C, Sánchez S, Shimada K, Larson BC, Martínez-Ramos M, Montagnini F (2000) Optimizing seedling management: Pouteria sapota, Diospyros digyna and Cedrela odorata in a Mexican rainforest. For Ecol Manag 139:63–77. doi:10.1016\u002FS0378-1127(99)00335-7\nRoyal Botanic Gardens (2008) Kew. Seed Information Database (SID). Version 7.1. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. http:\u002F\u002Fdata.kew.org\u002Fsid\u002F. Accessed 4 March 2011\nSacandé M, Golovina EA, van Aelst AC, Hoekstra FA (2001) Viability loss of neem (Azadirachta indica) seeds associated with membrane phase behavior. J Exp Bot 52:919–931. doi:10.1093\u002Fjexbot\u002F52.358.919\nSAS (1999) SAS OnlineDoc®, Version 8. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA\nSautu A, Baskin JM, Baskin CC, Condit R (2006) Studies on the seed biology of 100 native species of threes in a seasonal moist tropical forest, Panama, Central America. For Ecol Manag 234:245–263. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.foreco.2006.07.006\nTicktin T, Dalle SP (2005) Medicinal plant use in the practice of midwifery in rural Honduras. J Ethnopharmacol 96:233–248. doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jep.2004.09.015\nVázquez-Yanes C, Orozco-Segovia A (1993) Patterns of seed longevity and germination in the tropical rainforest. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 24:69–87. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstor.org\u002Fstable\u002Fpdfplus\u002F2097173.pdf\nWalker BH, Ludwig D, Holling CS, Peterman RM (1981) Stability of semi-arid savanna grazing systems. J Ecol 69: 473–498. http:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstor.org\u002Fstable\u002F2259679\nWebb MJ, Weddell P, Hambleton A, Robson K (2000) Growth response of four tropical plantation timber species to increasing phosphorus supply and assessment of phosphorus requirements using foliar analysis. New For 20:21–193. doi:10.1023\u002FA:1006756105284",{"VOID":1125},"10.1007\u002Fs10457-011-9404-5","Auto Verify","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10457-011-9404-5",[1129,1144,1159],{"id":1130,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1131,"affiliations":1132,"properties":1141,"displayName":1143,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"82d4dd20-179d-4ea8-b74d-40786b20e829",[1026],[1133],{"id":1134,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1135,"properties":28},"6ae0c145-e9e5-4e70-9ab5-ddbd215fad5c",{"id":1134,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1136,"slug":28,"properties":1137,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1140,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1138},{"VI":1139},"Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain",[],{"title":1142},{"VI":1143},"Pilar Andrés",{"id":1145,"sortIndex":40,"researcher":28,"roles":1146,"affiliations":1147,"properties":1156,"displayName":1158,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"b6731532-5bcd-435a-95cc-900ea96d01f0",[1026],[1148],{"id":1149,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1150,"properties":28},"c80c7946-5911-48c9-8f66-ca748750db5a",{"id":1149,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1151,"slug":28,"properties":1152,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1155,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1153},{"VI":1154},"Multidisciplinary Regional Faculty (FAREM Estelí), National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN-Managua), Estelí, Nicaragua",[],{"title":1157},{"VI":1158},"Cloribel Salgado",{"id":1160,"sortIndex":123,"researcher":28,"roles":1161,"affiliations":1162,"properties":1169,"displayName":1171,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"9ab3e5e0-44a4-47ff-867e-7f9d66f1119c",[1026],[1163],{"id":1134,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1164,"properties":28},{"id":1134,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1165,"slug":28,"properties":1166,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1168,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1167},{"VI":1139},[],{"title":1170},{"VI":1171},"Josep M. 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We, therefore, measured the vertical and horizontal distribution of root length and soil nitrate in replicated plots of sesbania [Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.] to assess plot-to-plot variation and identify appropriate sampling schemes. Sampling was on profile walls exposed from pits at two on-farm sites (Ochinga and Muange) in Kenya. At Ochinga, soil was sampled at 27 0.15-m depth intervals and eight 0.15-m-wide locations perpendicular to 2.25-m-wide rows of 19-month-old sesbania. At Muange, sampling was 18 months after establishment of sesbania from seedlings with a 1 m by 1 m spacing. Soil was sampled at 17 0.15-m depth intervals and nine 0.15-m-wide sampling locations – one exactly below the tree and four each on opposite sides of the tree. Root length density generally decreased with distance from sesbania and with soil depth. Soil nitrate, however, followed different trends in the four replications at Ochinga and the three replications at Muange. At Ochinga, nitrate above 2.5-m depth clearly increased with distance from the tree in two replications but followed no distinct trend in another replication. At Muange, nitrate above 1.2-m depth decreased with distance from the tree in one replication, increased with distance from the tree in another replication and followed no clear trend in another replication. The suitability of various sampling schemes for measuring root length and nitrate was accessed from percent bias between measured values at sampling locations in the scheme and actual values for an entire transect of sampling locations. Bias associated with selection of sampling locations tended to be higher within the 2.25-m-wide sesbania rows than the 1 m by 1 m sesbania spacing. Soil sampling in systems with rows of young trees should be at several locations along a transect perpendicular to tree rows in order to minimize bias.",{"EN":1237},"Root length and nitrate under Sesbania sesban: Vertical and horizontal distribution and variability",{"VOID":1239},"Buresh RJ and Tian G (1997) Soil improvement by trees in sub-Saharan Africa. Agrofor Syst 38: 51–76\nDorich RA and Nelson DW (1984) Evaluation of manual cadmium reduction methods for determination of nitrate in potassium chloride extract of soil. Soil Sci Soc Am J 48: 72–75\nEastham J and Rose CW (1990) Tree\u002Fpasture interactions at a range of tree densities in an agroforestry experiment: I. Rooting patterns. Aust J Agric Res 41: 683–695\nGomez KA and Gomez AA (1984) Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. Second edition. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 680 p\nHartemink AE, Buresh RJ, Jama B and Janssen BH (1996) Soil nitrate and water dynamics in sesbania fallow, weed fallows, and maize. Soil Sci Soc Am J 60: 568–574\nHilsheimer R and Harwig J (1976) Colorimetric determination of nitrate from meat and other foods: An alternative colour reagent for the carcinogenic 1-naphtylamine and an improved extraction method. Can Inst Food Sci Technol J 9: 225–227\nJama B, Buresh RJ, Ndufa JK and Shepherd KD (1998) Vertical distribution of roots and soil nitrate: Tree species and phosphorus effects. Soil Sci Soc Am J 62: 280–286\nJonsson K, Fidjeland L, Maghembe JA and Högberg P (1988) The vertical distribution of fine roots of five tree species and maize in Morogoro, Tanzania. Agrofor Syst 6: 63–69\nKirchhof G (1992) Measurement of root length and thickness using a hand-held computer scanner. Field Crops Res 29: 79–88\nKumar K, Prihar SS and Gajri PR (1993) Determination of root distribution of wheat by auger sampling. Plant and Soil 149: 245–253\nKwesiga F and Coe R (1994) The effect of short rotation Sesbania sesbanplanted fallows on maize yield. For Ecol Manage 64: 199–208\nMekonnen K, Buresh RJ and Jama B (1997) Root and inorganic nitrogen distributions in sesbania fallow, natural fallow and maize fields. Plant and Soil 188: 319–327\nNewman EI (1966) A method for estimating the total length of root in a sample. J Appl Ecol 3: 139–145\nOnim, JFM, Otieno K and Dzowela B (1990) The role of sesbania as multipurpose trees in small-scale farms in western Kenya. In: Macklin B and Evans DO (eds) Perennial SesbaniaSpecies in Agroforestry Systems. Proceedings of Workshop held in Nairobi, 27–31 March 1989, pp 167–179. Spec. Publ. 90-01. Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association, Waimanalo, Hawaii, USA\nRuark, GA and Zarnoch SJ (1992) Soil carbon, nitrogen, and fine root biomass sampling in a pine stand. Soil Sci Soc Am J 56: 1945–1950\nRuhigwa BA, Gichuru MP, Mambani B and Tariah NM (1992) Root distribution of Acioa barteri, Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siameaand Gmelina arboreain an acid Ultisol. Agrofor Syst 27: 67–78\nSchroth G (1995) Tree root characteristics as criteria for species selection and systems design in agroforestry. Agrofor Syst 30: 125–143\nToky OP and Bisht RP (1992) Observations on the rooting patterns of some agroforestry trees in an arid region of north-western India. Agrofor Syst 18: 245–263\nVan Noordwijk M, Floris J and de Jager A (1985) Sampling schemes for estimating root density distribution in crop fields. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 33: 241–262\nVan Noordwijk M, Lawson G, Soumare A, Groot JJR and Hairiah K (1996) Root distribution of trees and crops: Competition and\u002For complementarity. In: Ong CK and Huxley P (eds) Tree-Crop Interactions, pp 319–364. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, UK\nWhite RE, Haigh RA and Mcduff JH (1987)Frequency distributions and spatially dependent variability of ammonium and nitrate concentrations in soil under grazed and ungrazed grasslands. 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[Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.] fallows are being promoted as a means for replenishing soil fertility in N-depleted soils of small-scale, resource-poor farmers in southern Africa. Knowledge of soil water distribution in the soil profile and water balance under proposed systems is important for knowing the long-term implications of the systems at plot, field and watershed levels. Soil water balance was quantified for maize (Zea mays L.) following 2-year sesbania fallow and in continuous maize with and without fertilizer during 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 at Chipata in eastern Zambia. Sesbania fallow increased grain yield and dry matter production of subsequent maize per unit amount of water used. Average maize grain yields following sesbania fallow, and in continuous maize with and without fertilizer were 3, 6 and 1 Mg ha−1 with corresponding water use efficiencies of 4.3, 8.8 and 1.7 kg mm−1 ha−1, respectively. Sesbania fallow increased the soil-water storage in the soil profile and drainage below the maximum crop root zone compared with the conventionally tilled non-fertilized maize. However, sesbania fallow did not significantly affect the seasonal crop water use, mainly because rainfall during both the years of the study was above the normal seasonal water requirements of maize (400 to 600 mm). Besides improving grain yields of maize in rotation, sesbania fallows have the potential to recharge the subsoil water through increased subsurface drainage and increase nitrate leaching below the crop root zone in excess rainfall seasons.",{"EN":1367},"Water balance and maize yield following improved sesbania fallow in eastern Zambia",{"VOID":1369},"Buresh R.J. and Tian G. 1997. Soil improvement by trees in sub-Saharan Africa. Agroforestry Systems 38: 51–76.\nChirwa T.S., Mafongoya P.L. and Chintu R. 2003. Mixed planted-fallows using coppicing and non-coppicing tree species for degraded Acrisols in eastern Zambia. Agroforestry Systems.\nCooper P.J.M. and Gregory P.J. 1987. Soil water management in rainfed farming systems of the Mediterranean region. Soil Use Management 3: 57–62.\nHillel D., Krentos V. and Styianou Y. 1972. Procedure and test of an internal drainage method for measuring soil hydraulic characteristics in situ. Soil Science 114: 396–400.\nJarvis N.J. and Hignett C.T. 1978. Sources of bias in field calibration of a neutron moisture meter. Australian Journal of Soil Research 17: 405–415.\nJury W.A., Gardner W.R. and Gardner W.H. 1991. Soil Physics. 5th Edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, 328 pp.\nKlute A. 1986. Water retention: Laboratory Methods. In: Klute A. (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis: Physical and Mineralo-gical Methods, Part 1, (2nd ed.), Agronomy Monograph No. 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 635-662.\nKwesiga F. and Coe R. 1994. The effect of short duration Sesbania sesban planted fallows on maize yield. Forest Ecology and Management 64: 199–208.\nKwesiga F., Franzel S., Place F., Phiri D. and Simwanza C. 1999. Sesbania sesban improved fallows in eastern Zambia: Their inception, development and farmer enthusiasm. Agroforestry Systems 47: 49–66.\nLudlow M.M. and Muchow R.C. 1990. A critical evaluation of traits for improving yields in water-limited environments. Advances in Agronomy 43: 107–153.\nMapa R. and Gunasena H. 1995. Effects of alley cropping on soil aggregate stability of tropical Alfisol. Agroforestry Systems 32: 237–245.\nMualem Y. 1976. A new model for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated porous media. Water Resources Research 12: 513–522.\nNiang A., Gathumbi S. and Amadoalo B. 1996. The potential of short duration improved fallow for crop productivity enhancement in the highlands of western Kenya: In: Mugah, J. (ed.) People and Institutional Participation in Agroforestry for Sustainable Development. Kenya Forestry Research Institute, Muguga, Kenya, pp. 218–230.\nPhiri E. 2002. Soil water dynamics and crop water use for maize and soybean under an agroforestry system of improved sesbania fallow in Zambia. PhD Thesis, University of Gent, Belgium, 185 pp.\nRichards L.A. 1949. Methods of measuring soil moisture tension. Soil Science 68: 95–112.\nSchroth G., Kolbe D., Pity B. and Zech W. 1995. Searching for criteria for the selection of efficient tree species for fallow improvement, with special reference to carbon and nitrogen. Fertilizer Research 42: 297–314.\nTorquebiau E. and Kwesiga F. 1996. Root development in Sesbania sesban fallow-maize system in eastern Zambia. Agroforestry Systems 34: 193–211.\nVachaud G., Royer J.M. and Cooper D. 1977. Comparison of methods of calibration of a neutron probe by gravimetry or neutron capture model. Journal of Hydrology 34: 343–356.\nvan Genuchten M.Th. 1980. A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 44: 892–898.\nvan Genuchten M.Th., Leij F.J. and Yates S.R. 1991. The RETC code for quantifying the hydraulic functions of unsaturated soils. United States Salinity Laboratory, CA, 85 pp.\nvan Noodwijk M., Midiato M., Heinen M. and Hairiah K. 1991. Old tree root channels in acid soils in the humid tropics: important for crop root penetration, water infiltration and nitrogen management. Plant and Soil 134: 37–44.\nYoung A. 1997. Agroforestry for Soil Management. CAB International, Wallingford, UK and ICRAF, Nairobi, Kenya.",{"VOID":1371},"10.1023\u002FB:AGFO.0000005220.67024.2c","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1023\u002FB:AGFO.0000005220.67024.2c",[1374,1389,1404,1419],{"id":1375,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1376,"affiliations":1377,"properties":1386,"displayName":1388,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"e94bc914-4555-44cc-8bda-1cf71ce95224",[1026],[1378],{"id":1379,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1380,"properties":28},"e79414ca-d6a1-43e6-ae8a-ec3f7cc2e188",{"id":1379,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1381,"slug":28,"properties":1382,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1385,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1383},{"VI":1384},"School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil Science, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia",[],{"title":1387},{"VI":1388},"E. 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The farmers undertake cultivation of various crops, seasonal and biennials crops with trees all in mixtures on the same piece of land. Farm animals and poultry form an essential component of the systems. The intimate association of different species provides both subsistence and commercial products which give additional income to the farmer. The paper describes the general scenario of socio-economic condition and existing agroforestry practices and some suggestions for their improvement in the Garhwal Himalayas.",{"EN":1499},"Agroforestry systems in the Garhwal Himalayas of India",{"VOID":1501},"Bansal RC and Mathur HN (1976) Landslides — the nightmares of hill areas. Soil Conserv Digest 4(1):36–37\nDhruva Narayana VV and Ram Babu (1983) Estimation of soil erosion in India. J Irrigation and Drainage Engg Amerc Soc of Civil Engineers (papaer No. 18458) 109(4)\nDudgeon W and Kenoyer LA (1925) The economy of Tehri Garhwal. A contribution to the ecology of western Himalaya. J Indian Bot Soc 4:233–285\nGupta PN (1979) Afforestation, integrated watershed management, torrent control and landuse development project for UP Himalayas and Siwaliks pp 1–58, UP Forest Dept\nGupta RK (1983) Landuse regulations for flood control and watershed management in the Himalayas, Ind J Soil Conserv 11(1):10–29\nGupta RK and Puri DN (1979) Grassland improvement in the hills for forage and flood control with special reference to Garhwal-Kumaon region. Paper presented at the Seminar on ‘Pasture and fodder development in Hill areas’ held at Peoples College, Haldwani on Feb 26, 1979\nShukla SS, Ray Chaudhury SP and Anjaneyula BSR (1965) Studies on some foot-hill soils of Himalayas. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 13:113–122\nWadia DN (1953) Geology of India, MacMillan and Co Ltd, St Martin's Street, London\nWinterkorn HF and Fang HY (1975) Foundation Engineering Handbook, VanNostrand Reinold Co, New York",{"VOID":1503},"10.1007\u002FBF00046970","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00046970",[1506,1521,1534],{"id":1507,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1508,"affiliations":1509,"properties":1518,"displayName":1520,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"a7a86615-4ae2-4f85-af99-6ae64c458085",[1026],[1510],{"id":1511,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1512,"properties":28},"8e50f290-52cf-4a06-8288-0374c9e7207a",{"id":1511,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1513,"slug":28,"properties":1514,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1517,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1515},{"VI":1516},"Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Dehradun, India",[],{"title":1519},{"VI":1520},"K. 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The objective of this paper was to evaluate water balance and water competition in an alley cropping system, consisting of deciduous tree wild jujube (Choerospondias axillaris) and economic crop peanut (Arachis hypogaea) within subtropical China. Five treatments (20- by 6-m plots) with three replications were included in this study. The treatments were monoculture peanut cropping (P), monoculture younger trees (T1), monoculture older trees (T2), peanut intercropped with younger trees (T1P), and peanut intercropped with older trees (T2P). A multi-layered water balance model, with water movement between soil layers, was implemented by the measurement of soil water potential using sets of tensiometers during the periods from March 1999 to December 2002. The spatial and temporal variations of soil water regime indicated that the trees used soil water below the 60-cm soil depth and alleviated the water stress. The direction of soil water movement indicated that soil water moved to the tree row, which indicated that trees competed with peanuts for water, especially during the seasonal drought period. Water competition was related to the tree spacing and tree age. Compared to the tree monoculture systems, the alley cropping system significantly influenced water budget components and water use patterns, as indicated by the increased evapotranspiration (6–11%), and decreased net drainage (7–45%), water storage (6–29%), and runoff (50–60%). Furthermore, alley cropping systems encouraged the rapid growth of trees, and depressed the biomass and yield of peanuts by 20–50% associated with tree shading effects. The results suggest that competition for water and light must be taken into account when optimizing the alley cropping system.",{"EN":1612},"Water use assessment in alley cropping systems within subtropical China",{"VOID":1614},"citation_title=Simulation of multiple cropping systems with CropSys; citation_inbook_title=Systems approaches for agricultural development; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=397-412; citation_id=CR1; citation_author=RM Caldwell; citation_author=JW Hansen; citation_publisher=Kluwer\ncitation_journal_title=For Sci; citation_title=The distribution of root length, and the limits to flow of soil water to roots in a dry Sclerophyll forest; citation_author=BA Carbon, GA Bartle, AM Murray, DK Macpherson; citation_volume=26; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_pages=656-664; citation_id=CR2\nFAO\u002FUNESCO (1988) Soil map of the world. Revised legend. World Soil Resources Report No. 60. 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of Mulberry (Morus alba Lam.), Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala Lam de wit.) and Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) were evaluated as dry season protein supplements for grazing animals based on chemical composition, in vitro and in sacco nutrient digestibility and a Rabbit feeding trial. All tree fodder forages had similar dry matter (DM) content, but crude protein was higher in Moringa (28.6%) followed by Leucaena (24.5%), Mulberry (24.1%) and Lucerne (18.0%). Ash content was highest in Mulberry followed by Moringa and Lucerne with Leucaena having lowest amounts. Polyphenols ranged from 2.72 to 3.64%, with Leucaena having highest and Mulberry lowest amounts. Dietary fibre were highest in Mulberry and Moringa, but there were no significant differences (P \u003C 0.05) between Leucaena and Lucerne. In vitro gas production and DM disappearances were higher in Moringa followed by Mulberry and Lucerne with Leucaena having lowest amounts. Except for Leucaena, DM disappearances were increased when rumen fluid from dairy cattle steers was used. In sacco DM disappearances were 33.7% for Leucaena, 78.2% for Lucerne, 50.2% for Moringa and 50.7% for Mulberry. In vitro and in sacco crude fibre and neutral detergent fibre disappearances were relatively lower, but reflected DM disappearances. The Rabbit feeding trial showed diets based on Moringa, Leucaena and combined fodder forages to have significantly better performance than Mulberry and grass hay alone. 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Cereal Chem 56(5):437–441",{"id":28,"text":1890,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Mtui DJ, Lekule FP, Shem MN, Hayashida M, Fugihara T (2008) Mineral concentration in leaves of nine browse species collected from Mvomero, Morogoro. Tanzania J Food Agric Environ 6(3–4):226–230",{"id":28,"text":1892,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Ndlovu LR and Sibanda LM (1993) Improving the productivity of indigenous goats in Zimbabwe. In: Improving the productivity of indigenous -708African livestock. TECDOC-708, IAEA, Vienna. pp 91–102",{"id":28,"text":1894,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Noula FS, Akibamijo OO, Aduwumi A, Hoffman E, Muetzel S, Becker K (2006) The influence of Moringa oleifera leaves as substitute to conventional concentrate on the in vitro gas production and digestibility of ground nut hay. Livestock Res Rural Dev 18(9):1–7",{"id":28,"text":1896,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Piñeiro-Vázquez AT, Jimenez-Ferre GO, Chay-Canul AJ, Casanova-Lugo F, Diaz-Echeverria VF, Ayala-Burgos AJ, Solrio-Sanchaz FJ, Aguilar-Perez CF, Ku-Vera JC (2017) Intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and energy utilization in heifers fed low quality forage and Leucaena leucocephal. Anim Feed Sci Technol 228:194–201",{"id":28,"text":1898,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Rubanza CDK, Shem MN, Otsyina R, Ichinohe T, Fujihara T (2003) Nutritive value of some browse tree legume foliages native to Semi-arid areas in Western Tanzania. Asian-Austr J Anim Sci 16(10):1429–1437",{"id":28,"text":1900,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Sánchez MD (2000) Mulberry an exceptional forage available almost worldwide. Animal Production and Health Division. FAO, Rome, Italy. World Animal Review, 91.1",{"id":28,"text":1902,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Sanon HO, Kaboré-Zoungrana C, Ledin I (2008) Nutritive value and feed intake by goats of three browse fodder species in the Sahalian zone of West Africa. Anim Feed Sci Technol 144:97–110. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.animfeedsci.2007.10.004",{"id":28,"text":1904,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Selemani IS, Eik LO, Holand Ø, Ådnøy T, Mtengeti E, Mushi D (2013) Variation in quantity and quality of native forages and grazing behaviour of cattle and goats in Tanzania. Liv Sci 157:173–183",{"id":28,"text":1906,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Simbaya J (2002) Potential of fodder\u002Fshrub legumes as a feed resource for dry season supplementation of smallholder ruminant animals. In: Development and field evaluation of animal feed supplementation packages. IAEA-TECDOC 1294, Vienna",{"id":28,"text":1908,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Singh S, Kundu SS (2010) Intake nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and water kinetics of sheep fed Dichanthium annulatum grass hay-tree leaves diets. Liv Res Rural Dev 22:1–7",{"id":28,"text":1910,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Topps JH (1992) Potential composition and use of legume shrubs and trees as fodder for livestock in the tropics. J Agric Sci 118:1–8",{"id":28,"text":1912,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Waghorn G (2008) Beneficial and detrimental effects of dietary condensed tannins for sustainable sheep and goat production—progress and challenges. Anim Feed Sci Technol 147:116–169",{"id":28,"text":1914,"url":28,"identifiers":28},"Weldegebriel B, Kebede K, Hayyelom M (2014) Effect of feeding acacia pods (Acacia seyel) with or without wheat bran on feed intake and digestibility of Tigray highland sheep in hay based feed. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. Vol. 4, No. 17. ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (online). www.iiste.org.",{"id":1916,"createTime":1917,"updateTime":1918,"relativeEntities":1919,"slug":1920,"properties":1921,"entityType":1020,"verifyStatus":26,"verifyTime":1918,"verifyNote":1126,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":32,"primaryUrl":1930,"fullTextUrl":28,"authors":1931,"publicationType":1054,"publisherRelationship":2024,"citationCount":28,"citationInfo":28,"publishDate":2076,"publishYear":2077,"citationAnalyzeStatus":880,"lastCitationAnalyze":28,"indexDatabases":2078,"openAccess":28,"references":28,"isForceReanalyzing":1110},"017115d4-a52f-424e-a210-50d6828fb8a8","2023-11-28T00:19:59.940+00:00","2025-01-26T01:07:43.989+00:00",[],"Utilization-of-browse-supplements-with-varying-tannin-levels-by-Ethiopian-Menz-sheep-1-Intake-digestibility-and-live-weight-changes",{"abstract":1922,"title":1924,"references":1926,"doi":1928},{"EN":1923},"The effect of tannins in browse supplements on intake, digestibility and live weight changes was evaluated using sixty-six male Ethiopian Menz sheep in a 90-day trial. Teff straw (Eragrostis tef) was fed ad libitum (control diet), or supplemented with 190 g dried leaves of six Sesbania sesban accessions with increasing levels of condensed tannin (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6), lablab (Dolichos lablab), tagasaste (Chamaecytisus palmensis), leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) and goetzei (Sesbania goetzei), in a completely randomized block design. The condensed tannins were highest in goetzei, S6, S5 and leucaena, intermediate in S4, S3, S2 and S1, and lowest in tagasaste and lablab. The forages differed significantly (P \u003C 0.05) in their rates of degradation and truly undegradable dry matter. Lablab had lower water solubility and higher (P \u003C 0.05) truly undegradable dry matter than the other browse supplements. With increasing tannin levels among Sesbania accessions, there was a significant decrease (P \u003C 0.05) in the rate of degradation. Animals supplemented with forage legumes with low condensed tannin levels such as lablab, S1, S2, and S3 had a lower teff straw intake than those on the control diet. The converse was true for those fed with the high tannin supplements such as S4, S5, S6 and goetzei. Supplementation significantly (P \u003C 0.05) increased total dry matter intake and live weight gains (LWG). The animals on the control diet lost weight (–1.9 g\u002FkgW0.75, while the supplemented animals gained between 2.9 and 4.4 g\u002FkgW0.75 daily. Leucaena supplementation promoted higher (P \u003C 0.05) LWG than lablab, S1 and goetzei. With increasing tannin levels among Sesbania accessions, there was an increase (S1 \u003C S2 \u003C S3 \u003C S4) followed by a decrease (S6 > S5 > goetzei) in LWG. The digestibilities of total DM and the supplements did not differ significantly (P \u003C 0.05) between the diets, although the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility decreased significantly (P \u003C 0.05) with supplementation. The control diet had significantly higher NDF digestibility than the leucaena, S3, S4, S5 and S6 supplemented diets. Results have beneficial attributes at low levels in ruminants. Condensed tannins confer important advantages in ruminant nutrition with respect to the prevention of excessive degradation of protein in the rumen.",{"EN":1925},"Utilization of browse supplements with varying tannin levels by Ethiopian Menz sheep: 1. Intake, digestibility and live weight changes",{"VOID":1927},"AOAC (1990) Official methods of analysis 14th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington DC, USA\nAsh AJ (1990) The effect of supplementation with leaves from the leguminous trees Sesbania grandiflora, Albizia chinensis and Gliricida sepium on the intake and digestibility of Guinea grass hay by goats. Anim Feed Sci Technol 28: 225–232\nBarry TN and Duncan SJ (1984) The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus for sheep. I. Voluntary intake. Br J Nutr 51: 485–491\nHagerman AE (1989) Chemistry of tannin-protein complexation. In: Hemingway RW and Karchesy KK (eds) Chemistry and Significance of Condensed Tannins, pp 323–334. Pleum Press. New York\nHaslam E (1989) Plant polyphenols. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK\nHorvath PJ (1981) The nutritional and ecological significance of Acer-tannins and related polyphenols. MS Thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY\nJones WT and Mangan JL (1977) Complexes of condensed tannins of Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) with fraction 1 leaf protein and with submaxillary mucoprotein and their reversal by polyethylene glycol and pH. J Sci Food Agric 28: 126–136\nKaitho RJ (1997) Nutritive value of browses as protein supplement(s) to poor quality roughages. PhD Thesis. Wageningen Agricultural University, 190 pp\nKaitho RJ, Tamminga S and van Bruchem J (1993) Chemical composition and nylon bag degradation characteristics of dried Calliandra calothyrsus leaves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 43: 23–45\nKaitho RJ, Umunna NN, Nsahlai IV, Tamminga S and van Bruchem J (1998) Utilization of browse supplements with varying tannin levels by sheep: 2. Nitrogen metabolism. Agroforestry Systems 39: 161–173\nKumar R (1992) Anti-nutritional factors, the potential risks of toxicity and methods to alleviate them. In: A. Speedy and P. Pugliese (eds) A Legume Trees and Other Fodder Trees as Protein Source for Livestock, pp 145–160. FAO animal production and health paper 102. FAO, Rome\nLechner-Doll M, Rutagwenda T, Schwartz HJ, Schultka W and Engelhardt WV (1990) Seasonal changes of ingesta mean retention time and fore stomach fluid volume in indigenous camel, cattle, sheep and goats grazing a thornbush savanna pasture in Kenya. J Agric Sci 115: 409–420\nMangan JL (1988) Nutritional effects of tannins in animal feeds. Nutr Res Rev 1: 209–231\nMehrez NP and Ørskov ER (1977) A study of artificial fibre bag technique for determining the digestibility of feeds in the rumen. J Agric Sci (Camb) 88: 645–650\nMinson DJ and Milford R (1967) The voluntary intake and digestibility of diets containing different proportions of legume and mature Pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens). Aust J Exp Agric Anim Hubs 7: 546–551\nPorter LJ, Hrstich LN and Chan BG (1986) The conversion of procyanidins and prodelphinidins to cyanidin and delhpinidin. Phytochem 25(1): 223–230\nPritchard DA, Stocks DC, O'Sullivan BM, Martin PR, Hurwood IS and O'Rourke PK (1988) The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on wool growth and live weight of sheep consuming mulga (Acacia aneura) diet. Proc Aust Soc Anim Prod 17: 290–293\nReed JD (1986) Relationships among phenolics, insoluble proanthocyanidins and fibre in East African browse species. J Range Manage 39: 5–7\nReed JD, Horvath PJ, Allen MS and van Soest PJ (1985) Gravinmetric determination of soluble phenolics including tannins from leaves by precipitation with trivalent ytterbium. J Sci Food Agric 36: 255–261\nReed JD, McDowell RE, van Soest PJ and Horvath PJ (1982) Condensed tannins: A factor limiting the use of cassava forage. J Sci Food Agric 33: 213–220\nRobbins CT, Mole S, Hagerman AE and Hanley TA (1987) Role of tannins in defending plants against ruminants. Reduction in dry matter digestibility Ecol 68: 1606–1615\nRobinson PH, Fadel JG and Tamminga S (1986) Evaluation of mathematical models to describe neutral detergent residue in terms of its susceptibility to degradation in the rumen. Anim Feed Sci Technol 15: 249–271\nSAS (1987) Procedures guide for personal computers (Version 6 edition). SAS Institute Inc, Cary NC, USA\nTopark-Ngarm A and Gutteridge RC (1990) Fodder productivity of perennial Sesbania species. In: Macklin B and Dale EO (eds) Perennial Sesbania species in agroforestry systems. Proceedings of a workshop held in Nairobi, Kenya, 27–31 March 1989, pp. 167–178, NFTA\u002FICRAF, Wainamalo, Hawaii, USA\nVan Soest PJ and Robertson JB (1985) Analysis of forages and fibrous foods. AS 613 Manual, Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY\nVan Eys JE, Mathius IVV, Pongsapan P and Johnson WI (1986) Foliage of tree legumes Gliricida, Leucaena and Sesbania as supplement to Napier grass diets for growing goats. J Agric Sci Camb 107: 227–233\nWaghorn GC, Johnn A, Jones WT and Shelton ID (1987) Nutritive value of Lotus corniculatus. L. containing low and medium concentrations of condensed tannins for sheep. Proc New Zealand Soc Anim Prod 47: 25–30\nWaterman PG and Mole S (1994) Analysis of phenolics plant metabolites. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK\nWhiteman PC (1980) Tropical pasture science. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 392 pp\nWiegand RO, Reed JD, Said AN and Umunna NN (1995) Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) and the use of leaves from Sesbania sesban and Sesbania goetzei as protein supplements. Anim Feed Sci Technol 54: 175–192",{"VOID":1929},"10.1023\u002FA:1005952801489","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1023\u002FA:1005952801489",[1932,1956,1969,1984,2004],{"id":1933,"sortIndex":32,"researcher":28,"roles":1934,"affiliations":1935,"properties":1953,"displayName":1955,"givenName":28,"familyName":28},"4d484d10-3a35-418c-a1eb-8918667e2817",[1026],[1936,1944],{"id":1937,"sortIndex":32,"affiliation":1938,"properties":28},"6590e5b0-b152-49fc-9160-84e9e8c858e3",{"id":1937,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1939,"slug":28,"properties":1940,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1943,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1941},{"VI":1942},"International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia",[],{"id":1945,"sortIndex":123,"affiliation":1946,"properties":1952},"eae29edd-62e5-42f1-9654-ceb0c716ad3e",{"id":1945,"createTime":28,"updateTime":28,"relativeEntities":1947,"slug":28,"properties":1948,"entityType":28,"verifyStatus":28,"verifyTime":28,"verifyNote":28,"languages":28,"translateLanguages":28,"viewCount":28,"url":28,"parentIds":1951,"statistic":28},[],{"title":1949},{"VI":1950},"Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands",[],{},{"title":1954},{"VI":1955},"R. 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diagnostic survey of agroforestry practice carried out in seven Districts within Zone III of Niger State of Nigeria revealed that the agro-silvi-pastoral and the ‘scattered farm trees’ systems were the most common agroforestry practices adopted by the farmers. About 99.5% of agroforestry trees planted by the farmers were fruit\u002Fvegetable-producing while the remaining 0.5% were meant for other purposes. Tree-planting appears to be more linked with farmers' awareness rather than age, family size and farm size. The farmers' earnings could be increased by intensified agroforestry practice, while the latter can be achieved by intensified agroforestry extension and provision of incentives.",{"EN":2087},"Agroforestry diagnostic survey of some parts of Niger State of Nigeria",{"VOID":2089},"Adegbehin JO and Igboanugo ABI (1990) Agroforestry practices in Nigeria. Agroforestry Systems 10: 1–22\nKeay RWJ (1959) An Outline of Nigerian Vegetation. 2nd ed. Government Printer, Lagos, Nigeria, 46 pp\nKemp RH (1969) Trials of exotic tree species in the savanna region of Nigeria. Part 1: aims, procedure and summary of result. Res Pap No 4 (Sav Ser), For Res Inst of Nigeria, Ibadan, 15 pp\nKerkhof P (1990) In: Foley G and Barnard G, eds, Agroforestry in Africa: A Survey of Project Experience, pp 3–10\nMijindadi NB (1985) The problems and needs of agricultural extension in Nigeria. Proc National workshop on Strengthening Agricultural Extension and Communication in Nigeria, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria, October 1985, pp 19–57\nNair PKR (1985) Classification of agroforestry systems. ICRAF Working Paper No. 28, January 1985. Nairobi, Kenya, 52 pp\nNye PH and Greenland DJ (1965) The soil under shifting cultivation. Technical Communication 51. Bureau of Soils, Harpenden, England\nOkafor JC (1986) Towards diversification and improvement of alley farming system in the Nigerian humid tropics. In: Oguntala AB, ed, Proc 16th Ann Conf, For Assoc of Nigeria, pp 240–252\nRandev HS (1988) Agroforestry systems in Nigeria. In: Adegbehin JO, ed, Proc National Agroforestry Workshop organised by NAERLS, ABU\u002FFRIN\u002FFACU\u002FFORMECU\u002FIITA at FRIN. 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The study was carried out at the Teaching, Research and Extension Unit (UEPE) of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE), Limoeiro do Norte Campus, state of Ceará. The experimental area consisted of nine systems, arranged in strips of Caatinga trees (woody component), with dimensions of 6.0 × 100.0 m, directed in the north–south direction. Among the tree strips, Opuntia stricta and Nopalea cochenillifera were implanted in plots, according to the following treatments: cactus pear grown under 46.15% woody cover (ICS46; 1418 trees per hectare), cactus pear grown under 30.00% woody cover (ICS30; 925 trees per hectare) and cactus pear grown under 17.64% woody cover (ICS18; 524 trees per hectare). The experimental design was completely randomized, in a split-plot arrangement. Mean canopy height (H), number of cladodes per linear meter (NC) and total forage biomass (TFB) were evaluated, considering the east, center and west positions. The lowest H and NC was found for Nopalea cochenillifera in the east position. Nopalea cochenillifera and Opuntia stricta cultivated in system ICS46 had the lowest TFB in the center position. The silvopastoral systems ICS30 and ICS18 can be adopted without negatively affecting the structural and productive characteristics of cactus pears Opuntia stricta and Nopalea cochenillifera.",{"EN":2187},"Morphological characteristics and yield of Opuntia stricta and Nopalea cochenillifera in integrated crop systems with caatinga trees",{"VOID":2189},"Araújo Filho JA (1992) Manipulação da vegetação lenhosa da caatinga para fins pastoris. Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos-Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E).\nAraújo Filho JA (2013) Manejo pastoril sustentável da caatinga (No. IICA L01–52). IICA, Brasilia (Brasil) Projeto Dom Helder Camara, Recife (Brasil) Projeto SEMEAR, Brasilia (Brasil) Associação Brasileira de Agroecologia, Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil)\nBarbosa ML, da Silva TG, Zolnier S, Silva S, Morais JE, Assis MCDS (2017) Association of morphological and water factors with irrigated forage cactus yield. Rev Bras Eng Agríc Ambient 21(9):600–605. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1590\u002F1807-1929\u002Fagriambi.v21n9p600-605\nGommers CM, Visser EJ, St Onge KR, Voesenek LA, Pierik R (2013) Shade tolerance: when growing tall is not an option. Trends Plant Sci 18(2):65–71. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.tplants.2012.09.008\nHernández AF, Castillo IO, Amador BM, Hernandez JLG, Dieguez ET (2004) Yield and physiological traits of prickly pear cactus ‘nopal’(Opuntia spp.) cultivars under drip irrigation. Agric Water Manag 70(2):97–107\nIvanov MMM, Lacerda CF, Oliveira TS (2017) Trees lose their leaves later in agroforestry systems. Int J Environ Agric Biotech 2(2):855–863. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.22161\u002Fijeab\u002F2.2.38\nKöppen W (1936) Geographische System der Klimate. Handbuch der klimatologie. p 46\nLima MA, Paciullo DS, Morenz MJ, Gomide CA, Rodrigues RA, Chizzotti FH (2019) Productivity and nutritive value of Brachiaria decumbens and performance of dairy heifers in a long-term silvopastoral system. Grass Forage Sci 74(1):160–170. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fgfs.12395\nMendes MMDS, Lacerda CFD, Cavalcante ACR, Fernandes FÉP, Oliveira TSD (2013) Desenvolvimento do milho sob influência de árvores de pau-branco em sistema agrossilvipastoril. Pesqui Agropecuária Bras 48(10):1342–1350. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1590\u002FS0100-204X2013001000005\nMiranda KRD, Dubeux JCB, Mello ACLD, Silva MDC, Santos MVFD, Santos DCD (2019) Forage production and mineral composition of cactus intercropped with legumes and fertilized with different sources of manure. Ciência Rural. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1590\u002F0103-8478cr20180324\nNascimento HLB, Pedreira BC, Sollenberger LE, Pereira DH, Magalhães CAS, Chizzotti FHM (2021) Herbage accumulation, canopy structure and tiller morphology of marandu palisadegrass growing in open pasture and in silvopasture. Agrofor Syst 95(2):339–352. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10457-020-00590-7\nOliveira VSD, Ferreira MDA, Guim A, Modesto EC, Arnaud BL, Silva FMD (2007) Substituição total do milho e parcial do feno do capim-tifton por palma forrageira em dietas para vacas em lactação. Produção, composição do leite e custos com alimentação. Rev Bras Zootec 36(4):928–935\nPaciullo DSC, Castro CRTD, Gomide CAM, Maurício RM, Pires MFÁ, Müller MD, Xavier DF (2011) Performance of dairy heifers in a silvopastoral system. Livest Sci 141(2–3):166–172. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.livsci.2011.05.012\nPereira PDC, Silva TGF, Zolnier S, Morais JEF, Santos DC (2015) Morfogênese da palma forrageira irrigada por gotejamento. Rev Caatinga 28(3):184–195. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1590\u002F1983-21252015v28n321rc\nPezzopane JRM, Bosi C, Nicodemo MLF, Santos PM, Cruz PGD, Parmejiani RS (2015) Microclimate and soil moisture in a silvopastoral system in southeastern Brazil. Bragantia 74(1):110–119. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1590\u002F1678-4499.0334\nPinheiro FM, Nair PR (2018) Silvopasture in the Caatinga biome of Brazil: a review of its ecology, management, and development opportunities. For Syst 27(1):7. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5424\u002Ffs\u002F2018271-12267\nPinheiro KM, Silva TGFD, Carvalho HFDS, Santos JEO, Morais JEFD, Zolnier S, Santos DCD (2014) Correlações do índice de área do cladódio com características morfogênicas e produtivas da palma forrageira. Pesq Agrop Bras 49(12):939–947. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1590\u002FS0100-204X2014001200004\nRibeiro AC, Guimarães PTG, Alvarez VH (1999) Recomendações para o uso de corretivos e fertilizantes em Minas Gerais: 5. Aproximação. Viçosa, MG: CFSEMG\nSantos DC, Guimarães RJ, Vilela L, Pulrolnik K, Bufon VB, Souza AFF (2016) Forage dry mass accumulation and structural characteristics of Piatã grass in silvopastoral systems in the Brazilian savannah. Agric Ecosyst Environ 233:16–24. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.agee.2016.08.026\nSantos DC, Júnior RG, Vilela L, Maciel GA, Souza AFF (2018) Implementation of silvopastoral systems in Brazil with Eucalyptus urograndis and Brachiaria brizantha: Productivity of forage and an exploratory test of the animal response. Agric Ecosyst Environ 266:174–180. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.agee.2018.07.017\nSantos HG, Jacomine PKT, Anjos LHC, Oliveira VA, Oliveira JB, Coelho MR, Lumbreras JF, Cunha TJF (2006) Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos. 2 edn. Rio de janeiro: Embrapa Solos. p 306\nSAS Institute Inc. (2015) SAS\u002FSTAT® 14.1 User’s Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc\nSilva TGFD, Primo JTA, Moura MSBD, Silva SMS, Morais JEFD, Pereira PDC, Souza CAAD (2015) Soil water dynamics and evapotranspiration of forage cactus clones under rainfed conditions. Pesq Agrop Bras 50(07):515–525. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1590\u002FS0100-204X201500070000\nSilva FS, Domiciano LF, Gomes FJ, Sollenberger LE, Pedreira CG, Pereira DH, Pedreira BC (2020) Herbage accumulation, nutritive value and beef cattle production on marandu palisadegrass pastures in integrated systems. 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