[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"_public_publisher_byId_cfe5f787-7c91-4f3e-8ff3-a5d9eae16d93":3,"_public_publication_all{\"sortAscending\":false,\"sortField\":\"updateTime\",\"page\":0,\"size\":10,\"facet\":true,\"searchKey\":\"publisherId:cfe5f787-7c91-4f3e-8ff3-a5d9eae16d93,\"}":200},{"code":4,"data":5,"meta":18},"SUCCESS",{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":9,"slug":10,"properties":11,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":20,"manageAffiliations":27,"indexDatabases":35,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":70,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},"cfe5f787-7c91-4f3e-8ff3-a5d9eae16d93","2024-04-07T02:30:35.374+00:00","2025-11-21T09:49:40.002+00:00",[],"Advances-in-Atmospheric-Sciences",{"issn":12,"title":14},{"VOID":13},"18619533",{"EN":15},"Advances in Atmospheric Sciences","PUBLISHER","PENDING",null,0,[21],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":23,"label":24,"description":26,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},"7265df54-3387-44e5-811f-17ef2fe075cc",[],{"EN":25},"Atmospheric Science",{},[28],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":30,"slug":18,"properties":31,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":34,"statistic":18},"3ee06008-4db7-4279-a843-ba360bf26e00",[],{"title":32},{"EN":33},"Science Press",[],[36,53],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":38,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":51,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},"2d59a834-aeb1-4673-bbcf-fdf1a531b0fc",{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":40,"label":41,"description":43,"key":46,"publicationTags":47,"standard":18},"a4921856-b128-4d9f-8f1f-e80813d3bbd4",[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},"ISI\u002FSCIE - Science Citation Index Expanded",{"EN":44,"VI":45},"SCIE database","Cơ sở dữ liệu SCIE","scie",[48,49],"SCIE","ISI","https:\u002F\u002Fmjl.clarivate.com\u002Fsearch-results?issn=0256-1530",[52],"743809e9-ecc4-4c97-9a58-e2cbbb0d0ce9",{"id":54,"indexDatabase":55,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":67,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},"74fab26c-10ab-455d-86de-a03ee6b48dc9",{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":57,"label":58,"description":60,"key":62,"publicationTags":63,"standard":18},"3c7051d4-eb7d-4c57-a56b-36fc74c5d1e9",[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},"Scopus - Elsevier",{"EN":59,"VI":61},"Cơ sở dữ liệu Scopus thuộc Elsevier","scopus",[64],"SCOPUS","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.scopus.com\u002Fsourceid\u002F12064","1984-2025",[68],"6fa1c73d-6535-4f6f-b522-fcab15fc4a84","SCOPUS__Q3",{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":71,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":86,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":119,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":157,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},0.24,0.39,0.42,0.27,0.32,0.44,0.48,0.63,0.37,1.01,0.96,189,26,2433,{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},17,38,35,22,27,32,36,37,29,21,33,66,56,58,65,62,61,63,92,87,85,81,118,104,83,80,100,86,105,110,98,8185,{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},9,6,8,16,4,557,239,11,41,84,20,120,19,493,103,164,77,745,571,369,124,242,156,365,291,293,428,245,541,187,254,301,181,114,425,96,3.36,{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},0.53,0.16,0.31,0.46,0.18,20.63,10.86,0.34,1.14,2.21,2.49,0.69,4.14,0.51,14.94,2.86,2.48,1.38,12.84,8.78,5.95,2,3.97,1.22,1.7,4.2,3.42,3.62,4.65,2.08,5.2,2.25,3.17,3.01,2.87,1.33,4.05,0.87,1.12,0.17,39,"JOURNAL",{"meta":201,"data":203},{"total":202},"2440",[204,390,615,750,1011,1109,1218,1318,1466,1679],{"id":205,"createTime":206,"updateTime":207,"relativeEntities":208,"slug":209,"properties":210,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":221,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":223,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":224,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":244,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":286,"publishDate":289,"publishYear":287,"citationAnalyzeStatus":290,"lastCitationAnalyze":207,"indexDatabases":291,"openAccess":18,"references":292,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"354e519c-2130-49a1-805c-8b44ce419140","2023-11-27T01:07:01.201+00:00","2026-08-17T04:12:04.445+00:00",[],"A-numerical-study-on-the-effect-of-an-extratropical-cyclone-on-the-evolution-of-a-midlatitude-front",{"abstract":211,"title":213,"gsPaper":215,"doi":217},{"EN":212},"The extratropical transition (ET) of tropical cyclone (TC) Haima (2004) was simulated to understand the impact of TC on midlatitude frontal systems. Two experiments were conducted using the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. In the control run (CTL), a vortex was extracted from the 24-hour pre-run output and then inserted into the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) global final (FNL) analysis as an initial condition, while TC circulation was removed from the initial conditions in the sensitivity run (NOTC). Comparisons of the experiments demonstrate that the midlatitude front has a wider meridional extent in the NOTC run than that in the CTL run. Furthermore, the CTL run produces convection suppression to the southern side of the front due to strong cold advection related to the TC circulation. The easterly flow north of the TC not only decelerates the eastward displacement of the front and contracts its zonal scale but also transports more moisture westward and lifts the air along equivalent potential temperature surfaces ahead of the front. As a result, the ascending motion and diabatic heating are enhanced in the northeastern edge of the front, and the anticyclonic outflow in the upper-level is intensified. The increased pressure gradient and divergent flow aloft strengthen the upper-level jet and distort the trough axis in a northwest-southeast orientation. The thermal contrast between the two systems and the dynamic contribution related to the TC circulation can facilitate scalar and rotational frontogenesis to modulate the frontal structure.",{"EN":214},"A numerical study on the effect of an extratropical cyclone on the evolution of a midlatitude front",{"VOID":216},"[\"2372789799745755144\"]",{"VOID":218},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-2191-8","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","2024-05-06T17:40:25.817+00:00","Auto Verify","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-2191-8",[225],{"id":226,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":227,"affiliations":229,"properties":238},"b61ee43a-b100-4106-b18d-d0fad83095aa",[228],"AUTHOR",[230],{"id":231,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":232,"properties":18},"168abe91-3407-4890-afa8-d165dbf1260f",{"id":231,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":233,"slug":18,"properties":234,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":237,"statistic":18},[],{"title":235},{"VI":236},"Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China",[],{"title":239,"gsAuthor":241},{"VI":240},"Guanghua Chen",{"VOID":242},"[\"rKr8ndYAAAAJ\"]","ARTICLE",{"url":223,"publisher":245,"properties":281},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":246,"slug":10,"properties":247,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":250,"manageAffiliations":255,"indexDatabases":261,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":276,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":248,"title":249},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[251],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":252,"label":253,"description":254,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[256],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":257,"slug":18,"properties":258,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":260,"statistic":18},[],{"title":259},{"EN":33},[],[262,269],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":263,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":268,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":264,"label":265,"description":266,"key":46,"publicationTags":267,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":270,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":275,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":271,"label":272,"description":273,"key":62,"publicationTags":274,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":277,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":278,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":279,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":280,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":282,"volume":284},{"VOID":283},"1433-1448",{"VOID":285},"30",{"total":19,"publishYear":287,"statisticByYear":288},2013,{},"2013-08-16","ERROR_IN_ANALYZE_CITATION",[69,48],[293,299,305,308,311,314,317,320,323,326,329,335,338,341,344,347,350,353,356,359,362,365,368,374,377,380,383,386],{"id":294,"text":295,"url":296,"identifiers":297},"4c68646b-0035-4279-8000-0006b275d4fa","Atallah, E. H., and L. F. Bosart, 2003: The extratropical transition and precipitation distribution of Hurricane Floyd (1999). Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 1063–1081.","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10440-022-00541-7",{"doi":298},"10.1007\u002Fs10440-022-00541-7",{"id":300,"text":301,"url":302,"identifiers":303},"c016b417-be7f-4741-9e89-65af2f9aca6d","Chen, G. H., 2011: A comparison of precipitation distribution of two landfalling tropical cyclones during the extratropical transition. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 28(6), 1390–1404, doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00376-011-0148-y.","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-011-0148-y",{"doi":304},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-011-0148-y",{"id":294,"text":306,"url":296,"identifiers":307},"Chou, M. D., and M. J. Suarez, 1994: An efficient thermal infrared radiation parameterization for use in general circulation models. NASA Tech. Memo. 104606, Vol. 3, 85pp.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":309,"url":296,"identifiers":310},"DeMaria, M., 1996: The effect of vertical shear on tropical cyclone intensity change. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2076–2087.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":312,"url":296,"identifiers":313},"DiMego, G. J., and L. F. Bosart, 1982: The transformation of tropical storm Agnes into an extratropical cyclone. Part II: Moisture, vorticity and kinetic energy budgets. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 412–433.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":315,"url":296,"identifiers":316},"Ferreira, R. N., and W. H. Schubert, 1999: The role of tropical cyclones in the formation of tropical uppertropospheric troughs. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2891–2907.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":318,"url":18,"identifiers":319},"Foley, G. R., and B. N. Hanstrum, 1994: The capture of tropical cyclones by cold fronts off the west coast of Australia. Wea. Forecasting, 9, 577–592.",{},{"id":294,"text":321,"url":296,"identifiers":322},"Hanley, D., J. Molinari, and D. Keyser, 2001: A composite study of the interaction between tropical cyclones and upper-tropospheric troughs. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2570–2584.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":324,"url":296,"identifiers":325},"Harr, P. A., and R. L. Elsberry, 2000: Extratropical transition of tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Part I: Evolution of structural characteristics during the transition process. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 2613–2633.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":327,"url":296,"identifiers":328},"Hong, S. Y., Y. Noh, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A new vertical diffusion package with an explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318–2341.",{"doi":298},{"id":330,"text":331,"url":332,"identifiers":333},"0f91b9fe-9b80-42c7-9286-d64a71e29e88","Hoskins, B. J., M. E. McIntyre, and A. W. Robertson, 1985: On the use and significance of isentropic potential vorticity maps. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 111, 877–946.","https:\u002F\u002Frmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1002\u002Fqj.49711147002",{"doi":334},"10.1002\u002Fqj.49711147002",{"id":294,"text":336,"url":296,"identifiers":337},"Kain, J. S., and J. M. Fritsch, 1990: A one-dimensional entraining\u002Fdetraining plume model and its application in convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2784–2802.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":339,"url":296,"identifiers":340},"Keyser, D., M. J. Reeder, and R. J. Reed, 1988: A generalization of Petterssen’s frontogenesis function and its relation to the forcing of vertical motion. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 762–780.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":342,"url":296,"identifiers":343},"Kitabatake, N., 2002: Extratropical transformation of Typhoon Vicki (9807): Structural changes and the role of upper-tropospheric disturbances. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 229–247.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":345,"url":296,"identifiers":346},"Kitabatake, N., 2008: Extratropical transition of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific: Their frontal evolution. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 2066–2090.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":348,"url":296,"identifiers":349},"Klein, P. M., P. A. Harr, and R. L. Elsberry, 2000: Extratropical transition of western North Pacific tropical cyclones: An overview and conceptual model of the transformation stage. Wea. Forecasting, 15, 373–396.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":351,"url":296,"identifiers":352},"Klein, P. M., P. A. Harr, and R. L. Elsberry, 2002: Extratropical transition of western North Pacific tropical cyclones: Midlatitude and tropical cyclone contributions to reintensification. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2240–2259.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":354,"url":296,"identifiers":355},"Kurihara, Y., M. A. Bender, and R. Ross, 1993: An initialization scheme of hurricane models by vortex specification. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2030–2045.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":357,"url":296,"identifiers":358},"Kurihara, Y., M. A. Bender, R. E. Tuleya, and R. Ross, 1995: Improvements in the GFDL hurricane prediction system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2791–2801.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":360,"url":296,"identifiers":361},"Massacand, A. C., H. Wernli, and H. C. Davies, 2001: Influence of upstream diabatic heating upon an Alpine event of heavy precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2822–2828.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":363,"url":296,"identifiers":364},"McTaggart-Cowan, R., J. R. Gyakum, and M. K. Yau, 2001: Sensitivity testing of extratropical transitions using potential vorticity inversions to modify initial conditions: Hurricane Earl case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1617–1636.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":366,"url":18,"identifiers":367},"Merrill, R. T., 1993: Tropical cyclone structure. Global Guide to Tropical Cyclone Forecasting. WMO\u002FTDNo. 560, Rep. TCP-31, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2.1–2.60.",{},{"id":369,"text":370,"url":371,"identifiers":372},"8db40444-ccdf-477d-b1ca-bd8e217a9631","Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmosphere: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the long-wave. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16663–16682.","https:\u002F\u002Fagupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1029\u002F97JD00237",{"doi":373},"10.1029\u002F97jd00237",{"id":294,"text":375,"url":296,"identifiers":376},"Smirnova, T. G., J. M. Brown, and S. G. Benjamin, 1997: Performance of different soil model configurations in simulating ground surface temperature and surface fluxes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1870–1884.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":378,"url":296,"identifiers":379},"Thorncroft, C. D., and B. J. Hoskins, 1990: Frontal cyclogenesis. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2317–2336.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":381,"url":296,"identifiers":382},"Thorncroft, C. D., S. C. Jones, and M. E. McIntyre, 1993: Two paradigms of baroclinic-wave life-cycle behavior. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 17–55.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":384,"url":296,"identifiers":385},"Uccellini, L. W., and P. J. Kocin, 1987: The interaction of jet streak circulations during heavy snow events along the east coast of the United States. Wea. Forecasting, 2, 289–309.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":387,"url":296,"identifiers":388},"Wernli, H., M. A. Shapiro, and J. Schmidli, 1999: Upstream development in idealized baroclinic wave experiments. Tellus A, 51, 574–587.",{"doi":298},false,{"id":391,"createTime":392,"updateTime":393,"relativeEntities":394,"slug":395,"properties":396,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":405,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":406,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":407,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":465,"citationCount":507,"citationInfo":508,"publishDate":514,"publishYear":509,"citationAnalyzeStatus":515,"lastCitationAnalyze":516,"indexDatabases":517,"openAccess":18,"references":518,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"42acb349-25dd-49ec-8072-dd2fc0dc3fef","2023-12-02T08:43:59.928+00:00","2026-07-28T17:32:43.300+00:00",[],"ENSO-amplitude-change-in-observation-and-coupled-models",{"abstract":397,"title":399,"gsPaper":401,"doi":403},{"EN":398},"Observations show that the tropical El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability, after removing both the long term trend and decadal change of the background climate, has been enhanced by as much as 60% during the past 50 years. This shift in ENSO amplitude can be related to mean state changes in global climate. Past global warming has caused a weakening of the Walker circulation over the equatorial Indo-Pacific oceans, as well as a weakening of the trade winds and a reduction in the equatorial upwelling. These changes in tropical climatology play as stabilizing factors of the tropical coupling system. However, the shallower and strengthening thermocline in the equatorial Pacific increases the SST sensitivity to thermocline and wind stress variabilities and tend to destabilize the tropical coupling system. Observations suggest that the destabilizing factors, such as the strengthening thermocline, may have overwhelmed the stabilizing effects of the atmosphere, and played a deterministic role in the enhanced ENSO variability, at least during the past half century. This is different from the recent assessment of IPCC-AR4 coupled models.",{"EN":400},"ENSO amplitude change in observation and coupled models",{"VOID":402},"[\"9699507530155809856\"]",{"VOID":404},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-008-0361-5","2024-05-03T19:06:32.833+00:00","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-008-0361-5",[408,425,448],{"id":409,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":410,"affiliations":411,"properties":420},"6d3ae376-b1c8-4978-8c01-efb9df6866a8",[228],[412],{"id":413,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":414,"properties":18},"0acc29d9-258f-43eb-98b3-c98103cfc6aa",{"id":413,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":415,"slug":18,"properties":416,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":419,"statistic":18},[],{"title":417},{"VI":418},"State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China",[],{"title":421,"gsAuthor":423},{"VI":422},"Qiong Zhang",{"VOID":424},"[\"o_tppk0AAAAJ\"]",{"id":426,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":428,"affiliations":429,"properties":445},"3e76dcf7-fab2-4b04-ab18-de4c7d8b95c8",1,[228],[430,436],{"id":413,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":431,"properties":18},{"id":413,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":432,"slug":18,"properties":433,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":435,"statistic":18},[],{"title":434},{"VI":418},[],{"id":437,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":438,"properties":444},"e7e61c36-f0dc-42ab-84cf-0687e43a841e",{"id":437,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":439,"slug":18,"properties":440,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":443,"statistic":18},[],{"title":441},{"EN":442},"Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China",[],{},{"title":446},{"VI":447},"Yue Guan",{"id":449,"sortIndex":179,"researcher":18,"roles":450,"affiliations":451,"properties":460},"cb8bde8c-6190-4e0a-87bb-b960c71ef137",[228],[452],{"id":453,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":454,"properties":18},"19999c37-238f-405f-88b3-194e030d6456",{"id":453,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":455,"slug":18,"properties":456,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":459,"statistic":18},[],{"title":457},{"VI":458},"Department of Atmospheric Science, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China",[],{"title":461,"gsAuthor":463},{"VI":462},"Haijun Yang",{"VOID":464},"[\"XnuKb_ujs1MC\"]",{"url":406,"publisher":466,"properties":502},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":467,"slug":10,"properties":468,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":471,"manageAffiliations":476,"indexDatabases":482,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":497,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":469,"title":470},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[472],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":473,"label":474,"description":475,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[477],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":478,"slug":18,"properties":479,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":481,"statistic":18},[],{"title":480},{"EN":33},[],[483,490],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":484,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":489,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":485,"label":486,"description":487,"key":46,"publicationTags":488,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":491,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":496,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":492,"label":493,"description":494,"key":62,"publicationTags":495,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":498,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":499,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":500,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":501,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":503,"volume":505},{"VOID":504},"361-366",{"VOID":506},"25",79,{"total":507,"publishYear":509,"statisticByYear":510},2008,{"2008":179,"2009":179,"2010":124,"2011":122,"2012":120,"2013":124,"2014":511,"2015":124,"2016":124,"2017":179,"2018":512,"2019":124,"2020":513,"2021":124,"2022":179,"2023":124,"2024":179,"2025":511,"2026":427},3,5,10,"2008-05-26","DONE_ANALYZE_CITATION","2026-07-28T17:32:43.299+00:00",[69,48],[519,522,525,528,531,534,537,544,547,550,553,559,562,565,568,575,581,584,587,590,593,596,602,605,612],{"id":294,"text":520,"url":296,"identifiers":521},"Cobb, K. M., C. D. Charles, H. Cheng, and R. L. Edwards, 2003: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium. Nature, 424, 271–276.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":523,"url":296,"identifiers":524},"Cole, J., 2001: A slow dance for El Niño. Science, 291, 1496–1497.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":526,"url":296,"identifiers":527},"Collins, M., 2000: The El-Niño Southern Oscillation in the second Hadley Centre coupled model and its response to greenhouse warming. J. Climate, 13, 1299–1312.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":529,"url":18,"identifiers":530},"Fedorov, A. V., and S. G. Philander, 2000: Is El Niño changing? Science, 288, 1997–2002.",{},{"id":294,"text":532,"url":296,"identifiers":533},"Fedorov, A. V., and S. G. Philander, 2001: A stability analysis of Tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction: Bridging measurements and theory for El Niño. J. Climate, 14, 3086–3101.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":535,"url":296,"identifiers":536},"Guilyardi, E., 2006: El Niño-mean state-seasonal cycle interactions in a multi-model ensemble. Climate Dyn., 26, 329–348.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":538,"url":539,"identifiers":540},"Levitus, S., J. Antonov, and T. Boyer, 2005: Warming of the world ocean, 1955–2003. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L02604, doi:10.1029\u002F2004GL021592.","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1126\u002Fscience.287.5461.2225",{"mag":541,"openalex":542,"doi":543},"2066678696","W2066678696","10.1126\u002Fscience.287.5461.2225",{"id":294,"text":545,"url":296,"identifiers":546},"Liu, Z., S. Vavrus, F. He, N. Wen, and Y. Zhong, 2005: Rethinking tropical ocean response to global warming: The enhanced equatorial warming. J. Climate., 18, 4684–4700.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":548,"url":18,"identifiers":549},"Meehl, G. A., G. W. Branstator, and W. M. Washington, 1993: Tropical Pacific interannual variability and CO2 climate change. J. Climate., 6, 42–63.",{},{"id":294,"text":551,"url":296,"identifiers":552},"Meehl, G. A., P. R. Gent, J. M. Arblaster, B. L. Otto-Bliesner, E. C. Brady, and A. Craig, 2001: Factors that affect the amplitude of El Niño in global coupled climate models. Climate Dyn., 17, 515–526.",{"doi":298},{"id":554,"text":555,"url":556,"identifiers":557},"55d9abae-5304-448e-bc1d-4a6820f1d719","Meehl, G. A., H. Teng, and G. Branstator, 2006: Future changes of El Niño in two global coupled climate models. Climate Dyn., 26, 549–566, doi:10.1007\u002Fs00382-005-0098-0.","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00382-005-0098-0",{"doi":558},"10.1007\u002Fs00382-005-0098-0",{"id":294,"text":560,"url":296,"identifiers":561},"Merryfield, W. J., 2006: Changes to ENSO under CO2 doubling in a multimodel ensemble. J. Climate, 19, 4009–4027.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":563,"url":296,"identifiers":564},"Munnich, M., M. A. Cane, and S. E. Zebiak, 1991: A study of self-excited oscillations of the tropical ocean-atmosphere system. Part II: Nonlinear cases. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1238–1248.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":566,"url":296,"identifiers":567},"Neelin, J. D. D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L. V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan, 1992: Tropical air-sea interactions in general circulation models. Climate Dyn., 7, 73–104.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":569,"url":570,"identifiers":571},"Philip, S., and G. J. van Oldenborgh, 2006: Shifts in ENSO coupling processes under global warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L11704, doi:10.1029\u002F2006GL026196.","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2006gl026196",{"mag":572,"openalex":573,"doi":574},"2157937724","W2157937724","10.1029\u002F2006gl026196",{"id":576,"text":577,"url":578,"identifiers":579},"72fd9b7d-5043-4a0d-9be3-f96783337e72","Rayner, N. A. and Coauthors, 2003: Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J. Geophys. Res., 108(D14), 4407, doi:10.1029\u002F2002JD002670.","https:\u002F\u002Fagupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1029\u002F2002JD002670",{"doi":580},"10.1029\u002F2002jd002670",{"id":294,"text":582,"url":296,"identifiers":583},"Sun, D.-Z, T. Zhang, and S.-I. Shin, 2004: The effect of subtropical cooling on the amplitude of ENSO: A numerical study. J. Climate, 17, 3786–3798.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":585,"url":296,"identifiers":586},"Timmermann, A., M. Latif, A. Bacher, J. Oberhuber, and E. Roeckner, 1999: Increased El Niño frequency in a climate model forced by future greenhouse warming. Nature, 398, 694–696.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":588,"url":296,"identifiers":589},"Trenberth, K. E., and T. J. Hoar, 1996: The 1990–1995 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event: Longest on record. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 57–60.",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":591,"url":296,"identifiers":592},"Tudhope, A. W., and Coauthors, 2001: Variability in the El Nino-Southern Oscillation through a glacial-interglacial cycle. Science, 291, 1511–1517.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":594,"url":18,"identifiers":595},"Vecchi, G. A., and B. J. Soden, 2007: Global warming and the weakening of the tropical circulation. J. Climate, 20, 4316–4340.",{},{"id":597,"text":598,"url":599,"identifiers":600},"4a14a520-71de-4e22-97fd-1979bf80ca1e","Vecchi, G. A., B. J. Soden, A. T. Wittenberg, I. M. Held, A. Leetmaa, and M. J. Harrison, 2006: Weakening of tropical Pacific atmospheric circulation due to anthropogenic forcing. Nature, 441, 73–76.","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nature.com\u002Farticles\u002Fnature04744",{"doi":601},"10.1038\u002Fnature04744",{"id":294,"text":603,"url":296,"identifiers":604},"van Oldenborgh, G. J., S. Y. Philip, and M. Collins, 2005: El Nino in a changing climate: A multi-model study. Ocean Science, 1, 81–95.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":606,"url":607,"identifiers":608},"Yang, H., H. Jiang, and B. Tan, 2005: Asymmetric impact of the North and South Pacific on the equator in a coupled climate model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L05604, doi:10.1029\u002F2004GL022195.","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2004gl022195",{"mag":609,"openalex":610,"doi":611},"1982122018","W1982122018","10.1029\u002F2004gl022195",{"id":294,"text":613,"url":296,"identifiers":614},"Zelle, H., G. J. Van Oldenborgh, G. Burgers, and H. A. Dijkstra, 2005: El Niño and greenhouse warming: Results from ensemble simulations with the NCAR CCSM. J. Climate, 18, 4669–4683.",{"doi":298},{"id":616,"createTime":617,"updateTime":618,"relativeEntities":619,"slug":620,"properties":621,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":632,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":633,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":634,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":702,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":744,"publishDate":747,"publishYear":745,"citationAnalyzeStatus":515,"lastCitationAnalyze":748,"indexDatabases":749,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"31ed15a6-ba49-4cff-80bd-a15b5e8f02bc","2024-01-18T00:04:19.859+00:00","2026-07-26T17:47:52.332+00:00",[],"Numerical-Study-of-Boundary-Layer-Structure-and-Rainfall-after-Landfall-of-Typhoon-Fitow-2013-Sensitivity-to-Planetary-Boundary-Layer-Parameterization",{"abstract":622,"title":624,"gsPaper":626,"references":628,"doi":630},{"EN":623},"The boundary layer structure and related heavy rainfall of Typhoon Fitow (2013), which made landfall in Zhejiang Province, China, are studied using the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model, with a focus on the sensitivity of the simulation to the planetary boundary layer parameterization. Two groups of experiments—one with the same surface layer scheme and including the Yonsei University (YSU), Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino Level 2.5, and Bougeault and Lacarrere schemes; and the other with different surface layer schemes and including the Mellor–Yamada–Janjić and Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination schemes—are investigated. For the convenience of comparative analysis, the simulation with the YSU scheme is chosen as the control run because this scheme successfully reproduces the track, intensity and rainfall as a whole. The maximum deviations in the peak tangential and peak radial winds may account for 11% and 33% of those produced in the control run, respectively. Further diagnosis indicates that the vertical diffusivity is much larger in the first group, resulting in weaker vertical shear of the tangential and radial winds in the boundary layer and a deeper inflow layer therein. The precipitation discrepancies are related to the simulated track deflection and the differences in the simulated low-level convergent flow among all tests. Furthermore, the first group more efficiently transfers moisture and energy and produces a stronger ascending motion than the second, contributing to a deeper moist layer, stronger convection and greater precipitation.",{"EN":625},"Numerical Study of Boundary Layer Structure and Rainfall after Landfall of Typhoon Fitow (2013): Sensitivity to Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterization",{"VOID":627},"[\"3401589150376094502\"]",{"VOID":629},"Black, P. G., and Coauthors, 2007: Air-sea exchange in hurricanes: Synthesis of observations from the coupled boundary layer air-sea transfer experiment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 357–374, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FBAMS-88-3-357.\nBougeault, P., and P. Lacarrere, 1989: Parameterization of orography-induced turbulence in a mesobeta-scale model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1872–1890, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(1989)117\u003C1872:POOITI>2.0.CO;2.\nBraun, S. A., and W.-K. Tao, 2000: Sensitivity of high-resolution simulations of Hurricane Bob (1991) to planetary boundary layer parameterizations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3941–3961, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(2000)129\u003C3941:SOHRSO>2.0.CO;2.\nCha, D.-H., and Y. Q. Wang, 2013: A dynamical initialization scheme for real-time forecasts of tropical cyclones using the WRF model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 141, 964–986, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FMWR-D-12-00077.1.\nChen, L.-S., and Y.-H. Ding, 1979: An Introduction to Typhoons in the Western Pacific. Science Press, Beijing, China, 179–181. (in Chinese)\nChen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land surfacehydrology model with the Penn State-NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569–585, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(2001)129\u003C0569:CAALSH>2.0.CO;2.\nDavis, C., and L. F. Bosart, 2002: Numerical simulations of the genesis of Hurricane Diana (1984). Part II: Sensitivity of track and intensity prediction. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1100–1124, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(2002)130\u003C1100:NSOTGO>2.0.CO;2.\nDeng, G., Y.-S. Zhou, and J.-T. Li, 2005: The experiments of the boundary layer schemes on simulated typhoon Part I. The effect on the structure of typhoon. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 29(3), 813–824, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3878\u002Fj.issn.1006-9895.2005.03.09. (in Chinese)\nDudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale twodimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077–3107, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1989)046\u003C3077:NSOCOD>2.0.CO;2.\nEmanuel, K. A., 1986: An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: Steady-state maintenance. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 585–605, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1986)043\u003C0585:AASITF>2.0.CO;2.\nEmanuel, K. A., 1995: Sensitivity of tropical cyclones to surface exchange coefficients and a revised steady-state model incorporating eye dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 3969–3976, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1995)052\u003C3969:SOTCTS>2.0.CO;2.\nEmanuel, K. A., 1997: Some aspects of hurricane inner-core dynamics and energetics. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1014–1026, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1997)054\u003C1014:SAOHIC>2.0.CO;2.\nFoster, R. C., 2009: Boundary-layer similarity under an axisymmetric, gradient wind vortex. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 131, 321–344, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10546-009-9379-1.\nGopalakrishnan, S. G., F. D. Marks Jr., J. A. Zhang, X. Zhang, J.-W. Bao, and V. Tallapragada, 2013: A study of the impacts of vertical diffusion on the structure and intensity of the tropical cyclones using the high resolution HWRF system. J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 524–541, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJAS-D-11-0340.1.\nHill, K. A., and G. M. Lackmann, 2009: Analysis of idealized tropical cyclone simulations using the weather research and forecasting model: Sensitivity to turbulence parameterization and grid spacing. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137: 745–765, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F2008MWR2220.1.\nHolland, G. J., 1984: Tropical cyclone motion. A comparison of theory and observation. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 68–75, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1984)041\u003C0068:TCMACO>2.0.CO;2.\nHong, S.-Y., and H.-L. Pan, 1996: Nonlocal boundary layer vertical diffusion in a medium-range forecast model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2322–2339, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(1996)124\u003C2322:NBLVDI>2.0.CO;2.\nHong, S.-Y., J. Dudhia, and S. H. Chen, 2004: A revised approach to ice microphysical processes for the bulk parameterization of clouds and precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132: 103–120, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(2004)132\u003C0103:ARATIM>2.0.CO;2.\nHong, S.-Y., Y. Noh, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A new vertical diffusion package with an explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318–2341, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FMWR3199.1.\nHu, X.-M., J. W. Nielsen-Gammon, and F.-Q. Zhang, 2010: Evaluation of three planetary boundary layer schemes in the WRF model. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 49, 1831–1844, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F2010JAMC2432.1.\nIkeda, K., and Coauthors, 2010: Simulation of seasonal snowfall over Colorado, Atmos. Res., 97, 462–477, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.atmosres.2010.04.010.\nJanjić, Z. I., 1994: The step-mountain eta coordinate model: Further developments of the convection, viscous sublayer, and turbulence closure schemes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 927–945, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(1994)122\u003C0927:TSMECM>2.0.CO;2.\nJanjić, Z. I., 2000: Comments on “Development and evaluation of a convection scheme for use in climate models”. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3686, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(2000)057\u003C3686:CODAEO>2.0.CO;2.\nJanjić, Z. I., 2001: Nonsingular implementation of the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 scheme in the NCEP Meso model. NCEP Of?ce Note #437, 61 pp.\nJiménez, P. A., J. Dudhia, J. F. González-Rouco, J. Navarro, J. P. Montávez, and E. García-Bustamante, 2012: A revised scheme for the WRF surface layer formulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 140, 898–918, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FMWR-D-11-00056.1.\nKepert, J. D., 2012: Choosing a boundary layer parameterization for tropical cyclone modeling. Mon. Wea. Rev., 140(5), 1427–1445, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FMWR-D-11-00217.1.\nLi, X. L., and Z.-X. Pu, 2008: Sensitivity of numerical simulation of early rapid intensification of Hurricane Emily (2005) to cloud microphysical and planetary boundary layer parameterizations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136(12): 4819–4838, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F2008MWR2366.1.\nLiu, J. J., F. M. Zhang, and Z. X. Pu, 2017: Numerical simulation of the rapid intensification of Hurricane Katrina (2005): Sensitivity to boundary layer parameterization schemes. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 34(4), 482–496, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-016-6209-5.\nMalkus, J. S., 1958: On the structure and maintenance of the mature hurricane eye. J. Meteor., 15, 337–349, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1958)015\u003C0337:OTSAMO>2.0.CO;2.\nMalkus, J. S, and H. Riehl, 1960: On the dynamics and energy transformations in steady-state hurricanes. Tellus, 12, 1–20, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.2153-3490.1960.tb01279.x.\nMellor, G. L., and T. Yamada, 1982: Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 20, 851–875, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002FRG020i004p00851.\nMing, J., and J. A. Zhang, 2016: Effects of surface flux parameterization on the numerically simulated intensity and structure of typhoon morakot (2009). Adv. Atmos. Sci., 33(1), 58–72.\nMlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmo spheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16 663–16 682, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F97JD00237.\nNakanishi, M., and H. Niino, 2004: An improved Mellor-Yamada level-3 model with condensation physics: Its design and verification. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 112, 1–31, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1023\u002FB:BOUN.0000020164.04146.98.\nOoyama, K., 1969: Numerical simulation of the life cycle of tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 26, 3–40, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1969)026\u003C0003:NSOTLC>2.0.CO;2.\nRosenthal, S. L., 1971: The response of a tropical cyclone model to variations in boundary layer parameters, initial conditions, lateral boundary conditions, and domain size. Mon. Wea. Rev., 99, 767–777, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(1971)099\u003C0767:TROATC>2.3.CO;2.\nRotunno, R., and K. A. Emanuel, 1987: An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part II: Evolutionary study using a nonhydrostatic axisymmetric numerical model. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 542–561, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0469(1987)044\u003C0542:AAITFT>2.0.CO;2.\nShin, H. H., and S. Y. Hong, 2011: Intercomparison of planetary boundary-layer parametrizations in the WRF model for a single day from CASES-99. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 139(2), 261–281, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10546-010-9583-z.\nSkamarock, W. C., and Coauthors, 2008: A description of the advanced research WRF version 3. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\u002FTN-475 + STR, Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res., Boulder, Colo, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5065\u002FD68S4MVH.\nSmith, R. K, and G. L. Thomsen, 2010: Dependence of tropicalcyclone intensification on the boundary-layer representation in a numerical model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136, 1671–1685, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fqj.687.\nStull, R. B., 1988: An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 515–520, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002F978-94-009-3027-8.\nSukoriansky, S., and B. Galperin, 2008: A Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination (QNSE) theory of turbulent flows with stable stratification and its application in weather forecast systems. Proc. 6th IASME\u002FWSEAS International Conf. on Heat Transfer, Thermal Engineering and Environment (THE’08), Rhodes, Greece, WSEAS Press, 376–380.\nSukoriansky, S., B. Galperin, and V. Perov, 2005: ‘Application of a new spectral theory of stably stratified turbulence to the atmospheric boundary layer over sea ice’. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 117, 231–257, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10546-004-6848-4.\nWang, C.-X., 2013: Experiments of influence of planetary boundary layer parameterization on Muifa typhoon prediction. Advances in Earth Science, 28(2), 197–208. (in Chinese)\nWang, H., Y. Q. Wang, and H.-M. Xu, 2013: Improving simulation of a tropical cyclone using dynamical initialization and largescale spectral nudging: A case study of Typhoon Megi (2010). Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 27, 455–475, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13351-013-0418-y.\nWang, Y. Q., 2012: Recent research progress on tropical cyclone structure and intensity. Tropical Cyclone Research and Review, 1, 254–275, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.6057\u002F2012TCRR02.05.\nWang, Y. Q., J. D. Kepert, and G. J. Holland, 2001: The effect of sea spray evaporation on tropical cyclone boundary layer structure and intensity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2481–2500, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(2001)129\u003C2481:TEOSSE>2.0.CO;2.\nXu, H.-Y., Y. Zhu, R. Liu, H.-F. Shen, D.-H. Wang, and G.-Q. Zhai, 2013: Simulation experiments with different planetary boundary layer schemes in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 37(1), 149–159, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3878\u002Fj.issn.1006-9895.2012.12021. (in Chinese)\nYing, M., W. Zhang, H. Yu, X. Q. Lu, J. X. Feng, Y. X. Fan, Y. T. Zhu, and D. Q. Chen, 2014: An overview of the China meteorological administration tropical cyclone database. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 31, 287–301, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJTECH-D-12-00119.1.\nYu, Z., Y. Wang and H. Xu, 2015: Observed rainfall asymmetry in tropical cyclones making landfall over China. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 54(1), 117–136.\nZhang, C.-X., Y. Q. Wang, and K. Hamilton, 2011: Improved representation of boundary layer clouds over the Southeast Pacific in ARW-WRF using a modified Tiedtke cumulus parameterization scheme. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 3489–3513, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FMWR-D-10-05091.1.\nZhang, D.-L., and W. Z. Zheng, 2004: Diurnal cycles of surface winds and temperatures as simulated by five boundary layer parameterizations. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 157–169, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0450(2004)043\u003C0157:DCOSWA>2.0.CO;2.\nZhang, F. M., and Z. X. Pu, 2017: Effects of vertical eddy diffusivity parameterization on the evolution of landfalling hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 74(6), 1879–1905, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJAS-D-16-0214.1.\nZhang, F. M., Z. X. Pu, and C. H. Wang, 2017: Effects of boundary layer vertical mixing on the evolution of hurricanes over land. Mon. Wea. Rev., 145(6), 2343–2361, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FMWR-D-16-0421.1.\nZhang, J. A., D. S. Nolan, R. F. Rogers, and V. Tallapragada, 2015: Evaluating the impact of improvements in the boundary layer parameterization on hurricane intensity and structure forecasts in HWRF. Mon. Wea. Rev., 143, 3136–3155, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FMWR-D-14-00339.1.\nZhu, P., K. Menelaou, and Z. D. Zhu, 2014: Impact of subgridscale vertical turbulent mixing on eyewall asymmetric structures and mesovortices of hurricanes. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 140, 416–438, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fqj.2147.\nZhu, Q.-G., J. H. Lin, S.-W. Shou, and D.-S. Tang. 2000: Principles and Methods of Synoptic Meteorology. China Meteorological Press, Beijing, China, 320–321.",{"VOID":631},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-018-7281-9","2024-05-13T05:04:03.529+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-018-7281-9",[635,659,672,687],{"id":636,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":637,"affiliations":638,"properties":656},"281d4c7f-f3e4-4586-895a-ff9e4cb354e7",[228],[639,647],{"id":640,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":641,"properties":18},"969eb426-35d3-4900-957e-245aef041bfc",{"id":640,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":642,"slug":18,"properties":643,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":646,"statistic":18},[],{"title":644},{"VI":645},"Zhejiang Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Hangzhou, China",[],{"id":648,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":649,"properties":655},"29a8c851-9edf-4140-9bdb-bfa3825b6d8f",{"id":648,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":650,"slug":18,"properties":651,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":654,"statistic":18},[],{"title":652},{"VI":653},"International Pacific Research Center and Department of Meteorology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA",[],{},{"title":657},{"VI":658},"Meiying Dong",{"id":660,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":661,"affiliations":662,"properties":669},"3cf002b0-bd7b-4fce-8aa3-c8599660aff2",[228],[663],{"id":640,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":664,"properties":18},{"id":640,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":665,"slug":18,"properties":666,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":668,"statistic":18},[],{"title":667},{"VI":645},[],{"title":670},{"VI":671},"Chunxiao Ji",{"id":673,"sortIndex":179,"researcher":18,"roles":674,"affiliations":675,"properties":682},"facdaba0-f1fa-45a1-8270-ed2a500f2bd6",[228],[676],{"id":640,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":677,"properties":18},{"id":640,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":678,"slug":18,"properties":679,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":681,"statistic":18},[],{"title":680},{"VI":645},[],{"title":683,"gsAuthor":685},{"VI":684},"Feng Chen",{"VOID":686},"[\"erUMzeEAAAAJ\"]",{"id":688,"sortIndex":511,"researcher":18,"roles":689,"affiliations":690,"properties":697},"97f36000-e02f-4348-bfbf-1a6f7f05dc08",[228],[691],{"id":648,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":692,"properties":18},{"id":648,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":693,"slug":18,"properties":694,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":696,"statistic":18},[],{"title":695},{"VI":653},[],{"title":698,"gsAuthor":700},{"VI":699},"Yuqing Wang",{"VOID":701},"[\"xKgX0pwAAAAJ\"]",{"url":633,"publisher":703,"properties":739},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":704,"slug":10,"properties":705,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":708,"manageAffiliations":713,"indexDatabases":719,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":734,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":706,"title":707},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[709],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":710,"label":711,"description":712,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[714],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":715,"slug":18,"properties":716,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":718,"statistic":18},[],{"title":717},{"EN":33},[],[720,727],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":721,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":726,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":722,"label":723,"description":724,"key":46,"publicationTags":725,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":728,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":733,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":729,"label":730,"description":731,"key":62,"publicationTags":732,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":735,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":736,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":737,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":738,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":740,"volume":742},{"VOID":741},"431-450",{"VOID":743},"36",{"total":19,"publishYear":745,"statisticByYear":746},2019,{},"2019-01-31","2026-07-26T17:47:52.331+00:00",[69,48],{"id":751,"createTime":752,"updateTime":753,"relativeEntities":754,"slug":755,"properties":756,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":767,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":768,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":769,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":963,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":1005,"publishDate":1008,"publishYear":1006,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1009,"indexDatabases":1010,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"5757c8e9-9bd5-4b4b-8114-72f9c7166dd5","2024-01-30T09:19:45.987+00:00","2026-07-23T10:11:07.097+00:00",[],"Overview-of-the-CMIP6-Historical-Experiment-Datasets-with-the-Climate-System-Model-CAS-FGOALS-f3-L",{"abstract":757,"title":759,"gsPaper":761,"references":763,"doi":765},{"EN":758},"The three-member historical simulations by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model, version f3-L (CAS FGOALS-f3-L), which is contributing to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), are described in this study. The details of the CAS FGOALS-f3-L model, experiment settings and output datasets are briefly introduced. The datasets include monthly and daily outputs from the atmospheric, oceanic, land and sea-ice component models of CAS FGOALS-f3-L, and all these data have been published online in the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF, \nhttps:\u002F\u002Fesgf-node.llnl.gov\u002Fprojects\u002Fcmip6\u002F\n\n). The three ensembles are initialized from the 600th, 650th and 700th model year of the preindustrial experiment (piControl) and forced by the same historical forcing provided by CMIP6 from 1850 to 2014. The performance of the coupled model is validated in comparison with some recent observed atmospheric and oceanic datasets. It is shown that CAS FGOALS-f3-L is able to reproduce the main features of the modern climate, including the climatology of air surface temperature and precipitation, the long-term changes in global mean surface air temperature, ocean heat content and sea surface steric height, and the horizontal and vertical distribution of temperature in the ocean and atmosphere. Meanwhile, like other state-of-the-art coupled GCMs, there are still some obvious biases in the historical simulations, which are also illustrated. This paper can help users to better understand the advantages and biases of the model and the datasets.",{"EN":760},"Overview of the CMIP6 Historical Experiment Datasets with the Climate System Model CAS FGOALS-f3-L",{"VOID":762},"[\"7101090366287374713\"]",{"VOID":764},"Adler, R., and Coauthors, 2003: The version-2 global precipitation climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly precipitation analysis (1979-Present). Journal of Hydrometeorology, 4, 1147–1167, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1525-7541(2003)004\u003C1147:TVGPCP>2.0.CO;2.\nBao, Q., and Coauthors, 2013: The flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model, spectral version 2: FGOALS-s2. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 30, 561–576, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-2113-9.\nBao, Q., G. X. Wu, Y. M. Liu, J. Yang, Z. H. Wang, and T. J. Zhou, 2010: An introduction to the coupled model FGOALS1.1-s and its performance in East Asia. Ad. Atmos. Sci., 27, 1131–1142, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-010-9177-1.\nCanuto, V. M., A. Howard, Y. Cheng, and M. S. Dubovikov, 2001: Ocean Turbulence. Part I: One-point closure model—Momentum and heat vertical diffusivities. J. Physi. Oceanogr., 31, 1413–1426, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F15200485(2001)031\u003C1413:OTPIOP>2.0.CO;2.\nCanuto, V. M., A. Howard, Y. Cheng, and M. S. Dubovikov, 2002: Ocean turbulence. Part II: Vertical diffusivities of momentum, heat, salt, mass, and passive scalars. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 2, 240–264, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0485(2002)032\u003C0240:OTPIVD>2.0.CO;2.\nChen, X. L., Y. M. Liu, and G. X. Wu, 2017: Understanding the surface temperature cold bias in CMIP5 AGCMs over the Tibetan Plateau. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 4, 1447–1460, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-017-6326-9.\nCheng, L. J., K. E. Trenberth, J. Fasullo, T. Boyer, J. Abraham, and J. Zhu, 2017: Improved estimates of ocean heat content from 1960 to 2015. Science Advances3, e1601545, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1126\u002Fsciadv.1601545.\nCraig, A. P., M. Vertenstein, and R. Jacob, 2011: A new flexible coupler for earth system modeling developed for CCSM4 and CESM1. The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 26, 31–42, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1177\u002F1094342011428141.\nDonner, L. J., and Coauthors, 2011: The dynamical core, physical parameterizations, and basic simulation characteristics of the atmospheric component AM3 of the GFDL global coupled model CM3. J. Climate, 4, 3484–3519, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F2011JCLI3955.1.\nEyring, V., S. Bony, G. A. Meehl, C. A. Senior, B. Stevens, R. J. Stouffer, and K. E. Taylor, 2016: Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6) experimental design and organization. Geoscientific Model Development, 9, 1937–1958, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fgmd-9-1937-2016.\nFerreira, D., J. Marshall, and P. Heimbach, 2005: Estimating eddy stresses by fitting dynamics to observations using a residual-mean ocean circulation model and its Adjoint. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 35, 1891–1910, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJPO2785.1.\nGent, P. R., and J. C. Mcwilliams, 1990: Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 150–155, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0485(1990)020\u003C0150:IMI-OCM>2.0.CO;2.\nHe, B., and Coauthors, 2019: CAS FGOALS-f3-L model datasets for CMIP6 historical atmospheric model Intercomparison project simulation. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 36, 771–778, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-019-9027-8.\nHunke, E. C., and W. H. Lipscomb, 2010: CICE: The los alamos sea ice model documentation and software user’s manual, version 4.1. LA-CC-06-012.\nKobayashi, C., and T. Iwasaki, 2016: Brewer-dobson circulation diagnosed from JRA-55. J. Geophys. Res., 121, 1493–1510, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002F2015JD023476.\nLanderer, F. W., J. H. Jungclaus, and J. Marotzke, 2007: Regional dynamic and steric sea level change in response to the IPCC-A1B scenario. J. Physi. Oceanogr., 37, 296–312, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJPO3013.1.\nLaurent, L. C. S., H. L. Simmons, and S. R. Jayne, 2002: Estimating tidally driven mixing in the deep ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 2106, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2002GL015633.\nLawrence, D. M., and Coauthors, 2011: Parameterization improvements and functional and structural advances in version 4 of the community land model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 3, M03001, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2011MS00045.\nLenssen, N. J. L., G. A. Schmidt, J. E. Hansen, M. J. Menne, A. Persin, R. Ruedy, and D. Zyss, 2019: Improvements in the GISTEMP uncertainty model. J. Geophys. Res., 124, 6307–6326, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2018JD029522.\nLi, J. X., Q. Bao, Y. M. Liu, G. X. Wu, L. Wang, B. He, X. C. Wang, and J. D. Li, 2019: Evaluation of FAMIL2 in simulating the climatology and seasonal-to-Interannual variability of tropical cyclone characteristics. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11, 1117–1136, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2018MS001506.\nLi, L. J., and Coauthors, 2013: Evaluation of grid-point atmospheric model of IAP LASG version 2(GAMIL2). Adv. Atmos. Sci., 30, 855–867, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-013-2157-5.\nLi, L. J., and Coauthors, 2014: The flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model, grid-point version 2: FGOALS-g2. Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model: A Modeling Tool for the Climate Change Research Community, T. J. Zhou, Y. Q. Yu, Y. M. Liu, and B. Wang, Eds., Springer, 39–43.\nLi, X. L., Y. Q. Yu, H. L. Liu, and P. F. Lin, 2017: Sensitivity of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation to the dynamical framework in an ocean general circulation model. Journal of Meteorological Research, 31, 490–501, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13351-017-6109-3.\nLin, S.-J., 2004: A “Vertically Lagrangian” finite-volume dynamical core for global models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2293–2307, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002F1520-0493(2004)132\u003C2293:AVLFDC>2.0.CO;2.\nLiu, H. L., P. F. Lin, Y. Q. Yu, and X. H. Zhang, 2012: The baseline evaluation of LASG\u002FIAP Climate System Ocean Model (LICOM) version 2. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 26, 318–329, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs13351-012-0305-y.\nMatthes, K., and Coauthors, 2017: Solar forcing for CMIP6(v3.2). Geoscientific Model Development, 10, 2247–2302, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fgmd-10-2247-2017.\nMeinshausen, M., and Coauthors, 2017: Historical greenhouse gas concentrations for climate modelling (CMIP6). Geoscientific Model Development, 10, 2057–2116, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fgmd-10-2057-2017.\nMorice, C. P., J. J. Kennedy, N. A. Rayner, and P. D. Jones, 2012: Quantifying uncertainties in global and regional temperature change using an ensemble of observational estimates: The HadCRUT4 data set. J. Geophys. Res., 117, D08101, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2011JD017187.\nPutman, W. M., and S.-J. Lin, 2007: Finite-volume transport on various cubed-sphere grids. J. Comput. Phys., 227, 55–78, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jcp.2007.07.022.\nStott, P. A., J. F. B. Mitchell, M. R. Allen, T. L. Delworth, J. M. Gregory, G. A. Meehl, and B. D. Santer, 2006: Observational constraints on past attributable warming and predictions of future global warming. J. Climate, 19, 3055–3069, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FJCLI3802.1.\nTaylor, K. E., R. J. Stouffer, and G. A. Meehl, 2012: An overview of CMIP5 and the experiment design. Bull. Amer. Met-eorol. Soc., 93, 485–498, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1175\u002FBAMS-D-11-00094.1.\nYu, Y. Q., R. C. Yu, X. H. Zhang, and H. L. Liu, 2002: A flexible coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 19, 169–190, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-002-0042-8.\nYu, Y. Q., W. P. Zheng, B. Wang, H. L. Liu, and J. P. Liu, 2011: Versions g1.0 and g1.1 of the LASG\u002FIAP Flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land System model. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 28, 99–117, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-010-9112-5.\nYu, Y. Q., X. H. Zhang, and Y. F. Guo, 2004: Global coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models in LASG\u002FIAP. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 21, 444, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02915571.\nZhou, L. J., and Coauthors, 2015: Global energy and water balance: Characteristics from Finite-volume Atmospheric Model of the IAP\u002FLASG (FAMIL1). Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 7, 1–20, https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002F2014MS000349.",{"VOID":766},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-020-2004-4","2024-06-24T03:18:05.993+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-020-2004-4",[770,794,823,850,871,892,913,933],{"id":771,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":772,"affiliations":773,"properties":791},"bfd78970-f085-4264-aaa5-2da9717e76fd",[228],[774,782],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":776,"properties":18},"548d1b85-733a-41e9-8425-33eb77d676c3",{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":777,"slug":18,"properties":778,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":781,"statistic":18},[],{"title":779},{"VI":780},"State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China",[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":784,"properties":790},"1754683c-b32f-4f55-a3d2-4892ae7e9f82",{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":785,"slug":18,"properties":786,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":789,"statistic":18},[],{"title":787},{"VI":788},"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China",[],{},{"title":792},{"VI":793},"Yuyang Guo",{"id":795,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":796,"affiliations":797,"properties":818},"794f181b-fedf-4f71-90b1-566f4a0a08ea",[228],[798,804,810],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":799,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":800,"slug":18,"properties":801,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":803,"statistic":18},[],{"title":802},{"VI":780},[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":805,"properties":18},{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":806,"slug":18,"properties":807,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":809,"statistic":18},[],{"title":808},{"VI":788},[],{"id":811,"sortIndex":179,"affiliation":812,"properties":18},"19388352-874e-469e-b36c-d49ed7525134",{"id":811,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":813,"slug":18,"properties":814,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":817,"statistic":18},[],{"title":815},{"VI":816},"Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China",[],{"title":819,"gsAuthor":821},{"VI":820},"Yongqiang Yu",{"VOID":822},"[\"JOy_S68AAAAJ\"]",{"id":824,"sortIndex":179,"researcher":18,"roles":825,"affiliations":826,"properties":845},"1020617e-de2d-447a-a3be-94b650d052b6",[228],[827,833,839],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":828,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":829,"slug":18,"properties":830,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":832,"statistic":18},[],{"title":831},{"VI":780},[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":834,"properties":18},{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":835,"slug":18,"properties":836,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":838,"statistic":18},[],{"title":837},{"VI":788},[],{"id":811,"sortIndex":179,"affiliation":840,"properties":18},{"id":811,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":841,"slug":18,"properties":842,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":844,"statistic":18},[],{"title":843},{"VI":816},[],{"title":846,"gsAuthor":848},{"VI":847},"Pengfei Lin",{"VOID":849},"[\"eO51EgUAAAAJ\"]",{"id":851,"sortIndex":511,"researcher":18,"roles":852,"affiliations":853,"properties":866},"362924af-707d-4610-803b-2a040b16fbb5",[228],[854,860],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":855,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":856,"slug":18,"properties":857,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":859,"statistic":18},[],{"title":858},{"VI":780},[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":861,"properties":18},{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":862,"slug":18,"properties":863,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":865,"statistic":18},[],{"title":864},{"VI":788},[],{"title":867,"gsAuthor":869},{"VI":868},"Hailong Liu",{"VOID":870},"[\"IPNoWogAAAAJ\"]",{"id":872,"sortIndex":124,"researcher":18,"roles":873,"affiliations":874,"properties":887},"b9d7317d-ba16-4081-9796-29f74a6ec3aa",[228],[875,881],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":876,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":877,"slug":18,"properties":878,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":880,"statistic":18},[],{"title":879},{"VI":780},[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":882,"properties":18},{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":883,"slug":18,"properties":884,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":886,"statistic":18},[],{"title":885},{"VI":788},[],{"title":888,"gsAuthor":890},{"VI":889},"Bian He",{"VOID":891},"[\"v2Kkr8cAAAAJ\"]",{"id":893,"sortIndex":512,"researcher":18,"roles":894,"affiliations":895,"properties":908},"beacb4fc-ac0b-41bd-8273-25e1ef948e45",[228],[896,902],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":897,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":898,"slug":18,"properties":899,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":901,"statistic":18},[],{"title":900},{"VI":780},[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":903,"properties":18},{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":904,"slug":18,"properties":905,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":907,"statistic":18},[],{"title":906},{"VI":788},[],{"title":909,"gsAuthor":911},{"VI":910},"Qing Bao",{"VOID":912},"[\"rM2MwykAAAAJ\"]",{"id":914,"sortIndex":121,"researcher":18,"roles":915,"affiliations":916,"properties":930},"b35dc27e-2754-416e-bfbf-b69e6b80d52a",[228],[917,923],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":918,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":919,"slug":18,"properties":920,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":922,"statistic":18},[],{"title":921},{"VI":780},[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":924,"properties":929},{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":925,"slug":18,"properties":926,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":928,"statistic":18},[],{"title":927},{"VI":788},[],{},{"title":931},{"VI":932},"Shuwen Zhao",{"id":934,"sortIndex":935,"researcher":18,"roles":936,"affiliations":937,"properties":960},"9f975c6d-8b40-43c5-a639-151c9a263c21",7,[228],[938,944,951],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":939,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":940,"slug":18,"properties":941,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":943,"statistic":18},[],{"title":942},{"VI":780},[],{"id":783,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":945,"properties":950},{"id":783,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":946,"slug":18,"properties":947,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":949,"statistic":18},[],{"title":948},{"VI":788},[],{},{"id":952,"sortIndex":179,"affiliation":953,"properties":959},"17c67ac5-2b86-446b-8488-925b9ff8f6d7",{"id":952,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":954,"slug":18,"properties":955,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":958,"statistic":18},[],{"title":956},{"VI":957},"Yunnan University, Kunming, China",[],{},{"title":961},{"VI":962},"Xiaowei Wang",{"url":768,"publisher":964,"properties":1000},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":965,"slug":10,"properties":966,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":969,"manageAffiliations":974,"indexDatabases":980,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":995,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":967,"title":968},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[970],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":971,"label":972,"description":973,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[975],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":976,"slug":18,"properties":977,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":979,"statistic":18},[],{"title":978},{"EN":33},[],[981,988],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":982,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":987,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":983,"label":984,"description":985,"key":46,"publicationTags":986,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":989,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":994,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":990,"label":991,"description":992,"key":62,"publicationTags":993,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":996,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":997,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":998,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":999,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":1001,"volume":1003},{"VOID":1002},"1057-1066",{"VOID":1004},"37",{"total":19,"publishYear":1006,"statisticByYear":1007},2020,{},"2020-05-23","2026-07-23T10:11:07.096+00:00",[69,48],{"id":1012,"createTime":1013,"updateTime":1014,"relativeEntities":1015,"slug":1016,"properties":1017,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":1028,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1029,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1030,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":1061,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":1103,"publishDate":1106,"publishYear":1104,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1107,"indexDatabases":1108,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"6d0e25bd-7404-4872-80ee-b46f53d9f575","2024-01-15T04:40:08.302+00:00","2026-07-22T09:54:07.161+00:00",[],"Assimilating-AMSU-a-radiance-data-with-the-WRF-hybrid-En3DVAR-system-for-track-predictions-of-Typhoon-Megi-2010-",{"abstract":1018,"title":1020,"gsPaper":1022,"references":1024,"doi":1026},{"EN":1019},"The impact of assimilating radiances from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) on the track prediction of Typhoon Megi (2010) was studied using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and a hybrid ensemble three-dimensional variational (En3DVAR) data assimilation (DA) system. The influences of tuning the length scale and variance scale factors related to the static background error covariance (BEC) on the track forecast of the typhoon were studied. The results show that, in typhoon radiance data assimilation, a moderate length scale factor improves the prediction of the typhoon track. The assimilation of AMSU-A radiances using 3DVAR had a slight positive impact on track forecasts, even when the static BEC was carefully tuned to optimize its performance. When the hybrid DA was employed, the track forecast was significantly improved, especially for the sharp northward turn after crossing the Philippines, with the flow-dependent ensemble covariance. The flow-dependent BEC can be estimated by the hybrid DA and was capable of adjusting the position of the typhoon systematically. The impacts of the typhoon-specific BEC derived from ensemble forecasts were revealed by comparing the analysis increments and forecasts generated by the hybrid DA and 3DVAR. Additionally, for 24 h forecasts, the hybrid DA experiment with use of the full flow-dependent background error substantially outperformed 3DVAR in terms of the horizontal winds and temperature in the lower and mid-troposphere and for moisture at all levels.",{"EN":1021},"Assimilating AMSU-a radiance data with the WRF hybrid En3DVAR system for track predictions of Typhoon Megi (2010)",{"VOID":1023},"[\"13116899586563354296\"]",{"VOID":1025},"Andersson, E., J. Pailleux, J. N. Thepaut, J. Eyre, A. P. McNally, G. A. Kelly, and P. Courtier, 1994: Use of cloud cleared radiances in three-four dimensional variation data assimilation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 627–653.\nAuligné, T., A. P. McNally, and D. P. Dee, 2007: Adaptive bias correction for satellite data in a numerical weather prediction system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 133, 631–642.\nBarker, D. M., W. Huang, Y.-R. Guo, A. J. Bourgeois, and Q. N. Xiao, 2004: A three-dimensional variational data assimilation system for MM5: Implementation and initial results. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 897–914.\nBarker, D. M., and Coauthors, 2012: The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model’s community variational\u002Fensemble data assimilation system: WRFDA. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 93, 831–843.\nBouttier, F., and G. Kelly, 2001: Observing-system experiments in the ECMWF 4D-Var data assimilation system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1469–1488.\nBuehner, M., 2005: Ensemble-derived stationary and flowdependent background error covariances: Evaluation in a quasi-operational NWP setting. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 1013–1043.\nBuehner, M., P. L. Houtekamer, C. Charette, H. L. Mitchell, and B. He, 2010: Intercomparison of variational data assimilation and the ensemble Kalman filter for global deterministic NWP. Part II: One-month experiments with real observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 1567–1586.\nCampbell, W. F., C. H. Bishop, and D. Hodyss, 2010: Vertical covariance localization for satellite radiances in ensemble Kalman filters. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 282–290.\nCangialosi, J. P., and J. L. Franklin, 2011: 2010 National Hurricane Center Forecast Verification Report. National Hurricane Center, 77 pp.\nDaley, R., 1991: Atmospheric Data Analysis. Cambridge University Press, 457 pp.\nDee, D. P., and S. M. Uppala, 2009: Variational bias correction of satellite radiance data in the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 135, 1835–1841.\nDerber, J. C., and W. S. Wu, 1998: The use of TOVS cloud-cleared radiances in the NCEP SSI analysis system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2287–2299.\nDong, J., and M. Xue, 2012: Coastal WSR-88D radar data assimilation with ensemble Kalman filter for analysis and forecast of Hurricane Ike (2008). Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 139, 467–487.\nDudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale, twodimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077–3107.\nEnglish, S. J., R. J. Renshaw, P. C. Dibben, A. J. Smith, P. J. Rayer, C. Poulsen, F. W. Saunders, and J. R. Eyre, 2000: A comparison of the impact of TOVS and ATOVS satellite sounding data on the accuracy of numerical weather forecasts. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 2911–2931.\nEtherton, B. J., and C. H. Bishop, 2004: Resilience of hybrid ensemble\u002F3DVAR analysis schemes to model error and ensemble covariance error. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1065–1080.\nEyre, J. R., 1989: Inversion of cloudy satellite sounding radiances by nonlinear optimal estimation. I: Theory and simulation for TOVS. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 1001–1026.\nGeorge, J. E., and W. M. Gray, 1977: Tropical cyclone recurvature and nonrecurvature as related to surrounding wind-height fields. J. Appl. Meteor., 16, 34–42.\nGoldberg, M. D., 1999: Generation of retrieval products from AMSU-A: Methodology and validation. Proceedings of the 10th International TOVS Study Conference, Boulder, Colorado, 219–229.\nGu, J. F., Q. N. Xiao, Y.-H. Kuo, D. M. Barker, J. S. Xue, and X. X. Ma, 2005: Assimilation and simulation of Typhoon Rusa (2002) using the WRF system. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 22, 415–427, doi: 10.1007\u002FBF02918755.\nGuo, Y.-R., H.-C. Lin, X. X. Ma, X.-Y. Huang, C. T. Terng, and Y.-H. Kuo, 2006: Impact of WRF-Var (3DVar) background error statistics on typhoon analysis and forecast. 7th WRF Users’ Workshop, Boulder, CO, NCAR, 19–22 June 2006.\nHamill, T. M., and C. Snyder, 2000: A hybrid ensemble Kalman filter-3D variational analysis scheme. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 2905–2919.\nHamill, T. M., J. S. Whitaker, D. T. Kleist, M. Fiorino, and S. G. Benjamin, 2011: Predictions of 2010’s tropical cyclones using the GFS and ensemble-based data assimilation methods. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 3243–3247.\nHan, Y., P. V. Delst, Q. H. Liu, F. Z. Weng, B. H. Yan, R. Treadon, and J. Derber, 2006: JCSDA Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM)-Version 1. NOAA Tech. Rep. NESDIS, No. 122, 33 pp.\nHolland, G. J., and Y. Q. Wang, 1995: Baroclinic dynamics of simulated tropical cyclone recurvature. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 410–426.\nHong, S.-Y., J. Dudhia, and S.-H. Chen, 2004: A revised approach to ice microphysical processes for the bulk parameterization of clouds and precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 103–120.\nHoutekamer, P. L., H. L. Mitchell, G. Pellerin, M. Buehner, M. Charron, L. Spacek, and B. Hansen, 2005: Atmospheric data assimilation with an ensemble Kalman filter: Results with real observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 604–620.\nHouze, R. A. Jr., S. S. Chen, B. F. Smull, W.-C. Lee, and M. M. Bell, 2007: Hurricane intensity and eyewall replacement. Science, 315, 1235–1239.\nHuang, X.-Y., and P. Lynch, 1993: Diabatic digital filter initialization: Application to the HIRLAM model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 589–603.\nKain, J. S., 2004: The Kain-Fritsch convective parameterization: An update. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 170–181.\nKain, J. S., and J. M. Fritsch, 1990: A one-dimensional entraining\u002Fdetraining plume model and its application in convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2784–2802.\nKain, J. S., and J. M. Fritsch, 1993: Convective parameterization for mesoscale models: The Kain-Fritsch scheme. The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models, Vol. 24, Meteor. Monogr., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 165–170.\nKieu, C., N. M. Truong, H. T. Mai, and T. Ngo-Duc, 2012: Sensitivity of the track and intensity forecasts of Typhoon Megi (2010) to satellite-derived atmospheric motion vectors with the ensemble Kalman filter. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 29, 1794–1810.\nLe Marshall, J., and Coauthors, 2006: Improving global analysis and forecasting with AIRS. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 891–894.\nLee, M. S., D. M. Barker, and Y.-H. Kuo, 2006: Background error statistics using WRF ensembles generated by randomized control variables. Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, 42, 153–167.\nLi, J., and H. Liu, 2009: Improved hurricane track and intensity forecast using single field-of-view advanced IR sounding measurements. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L11813, doi: 10.1029\u002F2009GL038285.\nLi, Y., X. Wang, and M. Xue, 2012: Assimilation of radar radial velocity data with the WRF ensemble-3DVAR hybrid system for the prediction of Hurricane Ike (2008). Mon. Wea. Rev., 140, 3507–3524.\nLiu, Q., and F. Weng, 2006: Advanced doubling-adding method for radiative transfer in planetary atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 3459–3465.\nLiu, Z., C. S. Schwartz, C. Snyder, and S. Y. Ha, 2012: Impact of assimilating AMSU-A radiances on forecasts of 2008 Atlantic tropical cyclones initialized with a limited-area ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 140, 4017–4034.\nLorenc, A. C., 2003: The potential of the ensemble Kalman filter for NWP-A comparison with 4D-VAR. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 129, 3183–3203.\nLorenc, A. C., and Coauthors, 2000: The Met. Office global threedimensional variational data assimilation scheme. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 2991–3012.\nLynch, P., 1997: The Dolph-Chebyshev window: A simple optimal filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 655–660.\nLynch, P., and X.-Y. Huang, 1992: Initialization of the HIRLAM model using a digital filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1019–1034.\nMa, L.-M., and Z.-M. Tan, 2009: Improving the behavior of the cumulus parameterization for tropical cyclone prediction: convection trigger. Atmos. Res., 92, 190–211.\nMcNally, A. P., J. C. Derber, W. Wu, and B. B. Katz, 2000: The use of TOVS level-1b radiances in the NCEP SSI analysis system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 689–724.\nMcNally, A. P., P. D. Watts, J. A. Smith, R. Engelen, G. A. Kelly, J. N. Thepaut, and M. Matricardi, 2006: The assimilation of AIRS radiance data at ECMWF. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 132, 935–957.\nMlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16663–16682.\nNoh, Y., W. G. Cheon, S. Y. Hong, and S. Raasch, 2003: Improvement of the K-profile model for the planetary boundary layer based on large eddy simulation data. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 107, 401–427.\nPan, Y., K. Zhu, M. Xue, X. Wang, J. S. Whitaker, S. G. Benjamin, S. S. Weygandt, and M. Hu, 2014: A regional GSIbased EnKF-variational hybrid data assimilation system for the Rapid Refresh configuration: Results with a single, reduced resolution. Mon. Wea. Rev. (in press)\nParrish, D. F., and J. C. Derber, 1992: The National Meteorological Center’s spectral statistical-interpolation analysis system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1747–1763.\nRainwater, S., and B. Hunt, 2013: Mixed resolution ensemble data assimilation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 141, 3007–3021.\nRappaport, E. N., and Coauthors, 2009: Advances and challenges at the National Hurricane Center. Wea. Forecasting, 24, 395–419.\nSchwartz, C. S., and Z. Liu, 2014: Convection-permitting forecasts initialized with continuously cycling limited-area 3DVAR, ensemble Kalman filter, and “hybrid” variational-ensemble data assimilation systems. Mon. Wea. Rev., 142, 716–738.\nSchwartz, C. S., Z. Liu, X.-Y. Huang, Y.-H. Kuo, and C.-T. Fong, 2013: Comparing limited-area 3DVAR and hybrid variational-ensemble data assimilation methods for typhoon track forecasts: Sensitivity to outer loops and vortex relocation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 141, 4350–4372.\nSingh, R., P. K. Pal, C. M. Kishtawal, and P. C. Joshi, 2008: The impact of variational assimilation of SSM\u002FI and QuikSCAT satellite observations on the numerical simulation of Indian Ocean tropical cyclones. Wea. Forecasting, 23, 460–476.\nSkamarock, W. C., and Coauthors, 2008: A description of the advanced research WRF version 3. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\u002FTN-475+STR, 113 pp.\nThu, T. V., and T. N. Krishnamurti, 1992: Vortex initialization for typhoon track prediction. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 47, 117–126.\nTorn, R. D., G. J. Hakim, and C. Snyder, 2006: Boundary conditions for a limited-area ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2490–2502.\nTorn, R. D., and G. J. Hakim, 2009: Initial condition sensitivity of western-Pacific extratropical transitions determined using ensemble-based sensitivity analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 3388–3406.\nWang, H. L., X.-Y. Huang, J. Z. Sun, D. M. Xu, M. Zhang, S. Y. Fan, and J. Q. Zhong, 2014: Inhomogeneous background error modeling for WRF-Var using the NMC method. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 53, 2287–2309.\nWang, X., 2010: Incorporating ensemble covariance in the gridpoint statistical interpolation (GSI) variational minimization: A mathematical framework. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 2990–2995.\nWang, X., 2011: Application of the WRF Hybrid ETKF-3DVAR data assimilation system for hurricane track forecasts. Wea. Forecasting, 26, 868–884.\nWang, X., C. Snyder, and T. M. Hamill, 2007b: On the theoretical equivalence of differently proposed ensemble\u002F3D-Var hybrid analysis schemes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 222–227.\nWang, X., T. M. Hamill, J. S. Whitaker, and C. H. Bishop, 2007a: A comparison of hybrid ensemble transform Kalman filter-OI and ensemble square-root filter analysis schemes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 1055–1076.\nWang, X. G., D. Barker, C. Snyder, and T. M. Hamill, 2008a: A hybrid ETKF-3DVAR data assimilation scheme for the WRF model. Part I: Observing system simulation experiment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 5116–5131.\nWang, X. G., D. M. Barker, C. Snyder, and T. M. Hamill, 2008b: A hybrid ETKF-3DVAR data assimilation scheme for the WRF model. Part II: Real observation experiments. Mon.Wea. Rev., 136, 5132–5147.\nWang, X., D. F. Parrish, D. T. Kleist, and J. S. Whitaker, 2013: GSI 3DVAR-based ensemble-variational hybrid data assimilation for NCEP Global Forecast System: Single-resolution experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 141, 4098–4117.\nWeng, Y. H., M. Zhang, and F. Q. Zhang, 2011: Advanced data assimilation for cloud-resolving hurricane initialization and prediction. Computing in Science and Engineering, 13, 40–49.\nXu, D., Z. Liu, X.-Y. Huang, J. Min, and H. Wang, 2013: Impact of assimilating IASI radiance observations on forecasts of two tropical cyclones. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 122, 1–18.\nYu, H., C. M. Hu, and L. Y. Jiang, 2007: Comparison of three tropical cyclone intensity datasets. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 21, 121–128.\nZhang, F., C. Snyder, and J. Sun, 2004: Impacts of initial estimate and observations on the convective-scale data assimilation with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1238–1253.\nZhang, F. Q., M. Zhang, and J. A. Hansen, 2009: Coupling ensemble Kalman filter with four-dimensional variational data assimilation. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 26, 1–8, doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00376-009-0001-8.\nZhang, F., M. Zhang, and J. Poterjoy, 2013a: E3DVar: Coupling an ensemble Kalman filter with three-dimensional variational data assimilation in a limited-area weather prediction model and comparison to E4DVar. Mon. Wea. Rev., 141, 900–917.\nZhang, M., and F. Zhang, 2012: E4DVar: Coupling an ensemble Kalman filter with four-dimensional variational data assimilation in a limited-area weather prediction model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 140, 587–600.\nZhang, M., F. Zhang, X-Y. Huang, and X. Zhang, 2011: Intercomparison of an ensemble Kalman filter with three- and four-dimensional variational data assimilation methods in a limited-area model over the month of June 2003. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 566–572.\nZhang, W., Y. Leung, and J. C. L. Chan, 2013b: The analysis of tropical cyclone tracks in the western north pacific through data mining. Part I: Tropical cyclone recurvature. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 52, 1394–1416.",{"VOID":1027},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-014-4239-4","2024-05-16T00:49:46.509+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-014-4239-4",[1031,1048],{"id":1032,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1033,"affiliations":1034,"properties":1043},"0bfb7eec-28e9-4500-aefc-78e9434b7d54",[228],[1035],{"id":1036,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1037,"properties":18},"2b0e0bcb-8dfc-4f49-a7e1-bc3000b4fd0f",{"id":1036,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1038,"slug":18,"properties":1039,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1042,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1040},{"VI":1041},"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology, Nanjing, China",[],{"title":1044,"gsAuthor":1046},{"VI":1045},"Feifei Shen",{"VOID":1047},"[\"oNZ87SUAAAAJ\"]",{"id":1049,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":1050,"affiliations":1051,"properties":1058},"eb2d0307-315e-476f-a2e3-4e06435be356",[228],[1052],{"id":1036,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1053,"properties":18},{"id":1036,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1054,"slug":18,"properties":1055,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1057,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1056},{"VI":1041},[],{"title":1059},{"VI":1060},"Jinzhong Min",{"url":1029,"publisher":1062,"properties":1098},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1063,"slug":10,"properties":1064,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1067,"manageAffiliations":1072,"indexDatabases":1078,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1093,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1065,"title":1066},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[1068],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1069,"label":1070,"description":1071,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1073],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1074,"slug":18,"properties":1075,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1077,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1076},{"EN":33},[],[1079,1086],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":1080,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1085,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1081,"label":1082,"description":1083,"key":46,"publicationTags":1084,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":1087,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":1092,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1088,"label":1089,"description":1090,"key":62,"publicationTags":1091,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1094,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":1095,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":1096,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1097,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":1099,"volume":1101},{"VOID":1100},"1231-1243",{"VOID":1102},"32",{"total":19,"publishYear":1104,"statisticByYear":1105},2015,{},"2015-07-11","2026-07-22T09:54:07.160+00:00",[69,48],{"id":1110,"createTime":1111,"updateTime":1112,"relativeEntities":1113,"slug":1114,"properties":1115,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":1126,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1127,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1128,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":1170,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":1212,"publishDate":1215,"publishYear":1213,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1216,"indexDatabases":1217,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"77bb8458-95df-497e-8122-2d0783881e3e","2024-01-08T16:37:05.632+00:00","2026-07-21T06:28:24.686+00:00",[],"Nonlinear-baroclinic-haurwitz-waves",{"abstract":1116,"title":1118,"gsPaper":1120,"references":1122,"doi":1124},{"EN":1117},"A family of nonlinear wave solutions, with Haurwitz waves as their zero-order approximations, to the baroclinic primitive equations is derived and the corresponding calculating system is presented. Numerical experiments with a two-level global model developed by ourselves confirm the validity of the theoretical results to a great extent.",{"EN":1119},"Nonlinear baroclinic haurwitz waves",{"VOID":1121},"[\"6785972223823625792\"]",{"VOID":1123},"Haurwitz, B.,J. Marine Research. III(1940), 254–267.\nPhillips, N. A.,Mon. Wea. Rev.,87(1959), 335–345.\n曾 庆存, 数值天气预报 的数学物理基础, 第一卷, 科学出版社, 北京, 1979\n张学洪, 包宁, 曾庆存,地球物理流体力学议论 文汇编, 舟山, 1984.\nZhang Xuehong,Adv. Atmos. Sci.,2(1985), 2:167–177.\nFjørtoft, R.,Tellus,5(1953), 225–230.\nHoskins, B. J.,Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.,99(1973), 723–745.\nUmschied, L. and P. R. Bannan,Mon. Wea. Rev.,105(1977), 618–635.\nNakamura, H.,J. Meteor. Soc. Japan,56(1978), 175–186.\n曾庆存, 张学洪, 包宁, 袁重光, 地球物理流 体力学论文汇编, 舟山, 1984.\nBourke, W.,Mon. Wea. Rev.,100(1972), 683–689.\nMerilees, P. E.,Atmosphere,12(1974), 77–96.",{"VOID":1125},"10.1007\u002FBF02678653","2024-05-28T22:38:12.099+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02678653",[1129,1144,1157],{"id":1130,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1131,"affiliations":1132,"properties":1141},"91d6a1e2-e3d6-43cd-825d-f59dacbd4055",[228],[1133],{"id":1134,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1135,"properties":18},"0a6075ba-4c1b-4037-a7a1-d0b75c127b2c",{"id":1134,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1136,"slug":18,"properties":1137,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1140,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1138},{"VI":1139},"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing",[],{"title":1142},{"VI":1143},"Xuehong Zhang",{"id":1145,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":1146,"affiliations":1147,"properties":1154},"43545f11-aef0-4525-a9d8-7a597b973332",[228],[1148],{"id":1134,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1149,"properties":18},{"id":1134,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1150,"slug":18,"properties":1151,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1153,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1152},{"VI":1139},[],{"title":1155},{"VI":1156},"Qingcun Zeng",{"id":1158,"sortIndex":179,"researcher":18,"roles":1159,"affiliations":1160,"properties":1167},"fce72ae2-3264-418c-bd6a-ed4f18ea0964",[228],[1161],{"id":1134,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1162,"properties":18},{"id":1134,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1163,"slug":18,"properties":1164,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1166,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1165},{"VI":1139},[],{"title":1168},{"VI":1169},"Ning Bao",{"url":1127,"publisher":1171,"properties":1207},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1172,"slug":10,"properties":1173,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1176,"manageAffiliations":1181,"indexDatabases":1187,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1202,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1174,"title":1175},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[1177],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1178,"label":1179,"description":1180,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1182],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1183,"slug":18,"properties":1184,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1186,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1185},{"EN":33},[],[1188,1195],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":1189,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1194,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1190,"label":1191,"description":1192,"key":46,"publicationTags":1193,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":1196,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":1201,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1197,"label":1198,"description":1199,"key":62,"publicationTags":1200,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1203,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":1204,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":1205,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1206,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":1208,"volume":1210},{"VOID":1209},"330-340",{"VOID":1211},"3",{"total":19,"publishYear":1213,"statisticByYear":1214},1986,{},"1986-08-01","2026-07-21T06:28:24.685+00:00",[69,48],{"id":1219,"createTime":1220,"updateTime":1221,"relativeEntities":1222,"slug":1223,"properties":1224,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":1235,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1236,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1237,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":1270,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":1312,"publishDate":1315,"publishYear":1313,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1316,"indexDatabases":1317,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"66e69020-f05b-45b3-8123-13bfeeab3524","2024-01-30T09:41:50.141+00:00","2026-07-20T03:07:20.059+00:00",[],"An-OGCM-simulation-of-seasonal-and-interannual-variabilities-in-the-surface-layer-pacific-of-the-equatorial-band",{"abstract":1225,"title":1227,"gsPaper":1229,"references":1231,"doi":1233},{"EN":1226},"The heat budget is analyzed in the surface–layer (0–50 m) Pacific of the equatorial band (10°S–10°N), using the simulation of an ocean general circulation model from 1945 to 1993. The analysis indicates that downward net surface heat flux from the atmosphere and ocean advective heat fluxes play distinct roles in seasonal and interannual variabilities of surface–layer ocean temperature. The surface heat flux dominantly determines the ocean temperature in the seasonal time–scale. But, it has a negative feedback to the ocean temperature in the interannual time–scale. The interannual variability of ocean temperature is largely associated with the cold advection from off-equatorial divergent flow in the central Pacific and from upwelling in the cold tongue. Both the surface heat flux and ocean advective heat fluxes are important to the ocean temperature during an El Niño event. The ocean advective heat fluxes are further associated with local westward trade wind in the central Pacific. These results are largely consistent with some regional observational analyses.",{"EN":1228},"An OGCM simulation of seasonal and interannual variabilities in the surface–layer pacific of the equatorial band",{"VOID":1230},"[\"9471552496384155793\"]",{"VOID":1232},"Battisti, D. S., and A. C. Hirst, 1989: Interannual variability in a tropical atmosphere-ocean model: Influence of the basic state, ocean geometry, and non-linearity. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1687–1712.\nChen, D., A. J. Busalacchi, and L. M. Rothstein, 1994: The role of vertical mixing, solar radiation, and wind stress in a model simulation of the sea surface temperature seasonal cycle in the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20345–20359.\nda Silva, A. M., C. C. Young, and S. Levitus, 1994: Atlas of Surface Marine Data 1994. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 6-8, U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, NESDIS, 912pp.\nEnfield, D. B., 1986: Zonal and seasonal variations of the near-surface heat balance of the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 1038–1054.\nFasullo, J., and P. J. Webster, 1999: Warm pool SST variability in relation to the surface energy balance. J. Climate, 12, 1292–1305.\nFrankignoul, C, F. Bonjean, and G. Reverdin, 1996: Interannual variability of surface currents in the tropical Pacific during 1987–1993. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3629–3647.\nFiring, E., S. E. Wijffels, and P. Hacker, 1998: Equatorial subthermocline currents across the Pacific.J. Geophys., Res., 103, 21,413–21,423.\nGill, A. E., 1982: Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics, Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Javanovich Publishers, 662pp.\nHarrison, D. E., and N. K. Larkin, 1998: El Niño-southern oscillation sea surface temperature and wind anomalies, 1946–1993. Rev. Geophysics, 36, 353–399.\nHayes, S. P., P. Chang, and M. J. McPhaden, 1991: Variability of the sea surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific during 1986–88. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10,553–10,566.\nHorel, J. D., 1982: On the annual cycle of the tropical Pacific atmosphere and ocean. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1863–1878.\nHuang, B., and Z. Liu, 2001a: Temperature trend of the last 40 years in the upper Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 15, 3738–3750.\nHuang, B., and Z. Liu, 20001b: Temperature trends in the upper tropical Indian Ocean: 1955–1993. Dynamics of Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations and Climate, Edited by Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 413-433.\nLau, K. M., and C. H. Sui, 1997:Mechanisms of short-term sea surface temperature regulation: Observations during TOGA COARE. J. Climate, 10, 465–472.\nLevitus, S., 1982: Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean. NOAA Professional Paper 13, U.S. Department of Commerce, 173 pp.\nLiu, T. W., and C. Gautier, 1990: Thermal forcing on the tropical Pacific from satellite data. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 13,209–13,217.\nLiu, Z., and B. Huang, 2000: Cause of the tropical Pacific warming. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 1935–1938.\nMcPhaden, M. J., and J. Picaut, 1990: El Niño-southern oscillation displacements of the western equatorial Pacific warm pool. Science, 250, 1385–1388.\nPacanowski, R. C, 1996: MOM2 Documentation. GFDL Ocean Technical Report 3.2, 329pp.\nPhilander, S. G. H., W. J. Hurlin, and A. D. Seiged, 1987: Simulation of the seasonal cycle of the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 17, 1986–2002.\nPicaut, J., and T. Delcroix, 1995: Equatorial wave sequence associated with warm pool displacements during 1986–1989 El Niño-La Nina. J. Geophys. Res. 100, 18,393–18,408.\nRasmusson, E. M., and T. H. Carpenter, 1982: Variations in the tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation \u002FEl Niño. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 354–384.\nReed, R.K., 1986: Effects of surface heat flux during the 1972 and 1982 El Niño episodes. Nature, 322, 449–450.\nReynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analysis using optimum interpolation. J. Climate, 7, 929–948.\nSemtner, A. J., and R. M. Chervin, 1992: Ocean general circulation from a global eddy-resolving model. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 5493–5550.\nSwenson, M. S., and D. V. Hansen, 1999: Tropical Pacific Ocean mixed layer heat budget: The Pacific cold tongue. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 69–81.\nWang, C, 2000: The 1997–98 El Niño evolution relative to previous El Niño events. J. Climate., 13, 488–501.\nWang, W., and M. J. McPhaden, 1999: The surface-layer heat balance in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, Part I: Mean seasonal cycle. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1812–1831.\nWang, W., and M. J. McPhaden, 2000: The surface-layer heat balance in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, Part II: Interannual variability. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2989–3008.\nWeare, B. C, 1983: Interannual variation in net heating at the surface of the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 873–885.\nWeisberg, R. H., and C. Wang, 1997: Slow variability in the equatorial west-central Pacific in relation to ENSO. J. Climate., 10, 1998–2017.\nWyrtki, K., 1975: El Niño—the dynamic response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to atmospheric forcing. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 5, 572–584.\nWyrtki, K., and B. Kilonsky, 1984: Mean water and current structure during the Hawaii-Tahiti shuttle experiment. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 14, 242–254.",{"VOID":1234},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-002-0018-8","2024-05-28T10:12:48.832+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-002-0018-8",[1238,1255],{"id":1239,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1240,"affiliations":1241,"properties":1250},"f1519612-4d7d-4ee6-a478-4247b8026e6a",[228],[1242],{"id":1243,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1244,"properties":18},"282db72a-0059-498a-941b-0a82ba90c8cf",{"id":1243,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1245,"slug":18,"properties":1246,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1249,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1247},{"VI":1248},"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA",[],{"title":1251,"gsAuthor":1253},{"VI":1252},"Boyin Huang",{"VOID":1254},"[\"U6Aw4ocAAAAJ\"]",{"id":1256,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":1257,"affiliations":1258,"properties":1265},"6573b0b9-3a14-402e-9d50-3901cf23886b",[228],[1259],{"id":1243,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1260,"properties":18},{"id":1243,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1261,"slug":18,"properties":1262,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1264,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1263},{"VI":1248},[],{"title":1266,"gsAuthor":1268},{"VI":1267},"Zhengyu Liu",{"VOID":1269},"[\"B_OGuv0AAAAJ\"]",{"url":1236,"publisher":1271,"properties":1307},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1272,"slug":10,"properties":1273,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1276,"manageAffiliations":1281,"indexDatabases":1287,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1302,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1274,"title":1275},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[1277],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1278,"label":1279,"description":1280,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1282],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1283,"slug":18,"properties":1284,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1286,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1285},{"EN":33},[],[1288,1295],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":1289,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1294,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1290,"label":1291,"description":1292,"key":46,"publicationTags":1293,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":1296,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":1301,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1297,"label":1298,"description":1299,"key":62,"publicationTags":1300,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1303,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":1304,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":1305,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1306,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":1308,"volume":1310},{"VOID":1309},"219-235",{"VOID":1311},"19",{"total":19,"publishYear":1313,"statisticByYear":1314},2002,{},"2002-03-01","2026-07-20T03:07:20.058+00:00",[69,48],{"id":1319,"createTime":1320,"updateTime":1321,"relativeEntities":1322,"slug":1323,"properties":1324,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":1335,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1336,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1337,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":1418,"citationCount":124,"citationInfo":1460,"publishDate":1463,"publishYear":1461,"citationAnalyzeStatus":515,"lastCitationAnalyze":1464,"indexDatabases":1465,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"63261c6d-c2d7-42f8-8132-936c4024f562","2023-12-05T23:10:41.010+00:00","2026-07-19T20:16:52.880+00:00",[],"Study-on-clouds-and-marine-atmospheric-boundary-layer",{"abstract":1325,"title":1327,"gsPaper":1329,"references":1331,"doi":1333},{"EN":1326},"A set of remote sensing instruments of Peking University, which includes mainly a dual-channel(22.235GHz and 35.5GHz) microwave radiometer, a 8mm microwave and a 5mm microwave radiometer, has been developed for the Western North-Pacific Cloud-Radiation Experiment (WENPEX). The instruments were used to observe the cloud and marine atmospheric boundary-layer in the southwest sea area of Japan in winter time from 1989 to 1991. In the weather change process, the characteristics of the marine atmospheric boundary-layer and liquid water content in cloud of this area in winter time are studied from observation data. A one-dimensional mixed layer model is presented for the growth and evolution of a cloud-topped marine boundary-layer. The model is used to study in the WENPEX. The simulation results are in agreement with observation data, especially the integral water in cloud.",{"EN":1328},"Study on clouds and marine atmospheric boundary layer",{"VOID":1330},"[\"9961058417130932639\"]",{"VOID":1332},"Lilly D.K. (1968), Models of cloud topped mixed layer under a strong inversion,Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc.,94: 292.\nStage S.A. and J.A. Businger (1981), A model for entrainment into a cloud topped marine boundary layer,J. Atmos. Sci,38: 2213–2229.\nZhao Bolin (1989), Study on cloud and rain by microwave radiometer observation,Atmospheric Research,24(4): 33–43.\nZhao Bolin (1990), Study on microwave remote sensing of atmosphere, cloud and rain,Advances in Atmos. Sci.,7: 475–430.\nZhao Bolin, Fu Qiang, Hu Chengda and Li Huixin (1991), Study on microwave remote sensing of atmospheric properties and weather process,Science in China, 34B: 352–362.",{"VOID":1334},"10.1007\u002FBF02677072","2024-06-23T17:01:41.830+00:00","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02677072",[1338,1353,1366,1379,1392,1405],{"id":1339,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1340,"affiliations":1341,"properties":1350},"2f47f17f-a1d2-4a5c-b15f-47a94e643810",[228],[1342],{"id":1343,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1344,"properties":18},"3407cd15-40d8-4295-8159-123d86f04f01",{"id":1343,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1345,"slug":18,"properties":1346,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1349,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1347},{"VI":1348},"Department of Geophysics, Peking University, Beijing",[],{"title":1351},{"VI":1352},"Bolin Zhao",{"id":1354,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":1355,"affiliations":1356,"properties":1363},"188ae203-ee9d-4e20-aec3-556a3b3e0421",[228],[1357],{"id":1343,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1358,"properties":18},{"id":1343,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1359,"slug":18,"properties":1360,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1362,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1361},{"VI":1348},[],{"title":1364},{"VI":1365},"Jinming Zhen",{"id":1367,"sortIndex":179,"researcher":18,"roles":1368,"affiliations":1369,"properties":1376},"cff521fe-8a61-4506-802d-985a77ef0656",[228],[1370],{"id":1343,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1371,"properties":18},{"id":1343,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1372,"slug":18,"properties":1373,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1375,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1374},{"VI":1348},[],{"title":1377},{"VI":1378},"Chengda Hu",{"id":1380,"sortIndex":511,"researcher":18,"roles":1381,"affiliations":1382,"properties":1389},"d194b491-a712-476f-a0dc-461f94b48e40",[228],[1383],{"id":1343,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1384,"properties":18},{"id":1343,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1385,"slug":18,"properties":1386,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1388,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1387},{"VI":1348},[],{"title":1390},{"VI":1391},"Jinlin Du",{"id":1393,"sortIndex":124,"researcher":18,"roles":1394,"affiliations":1395,"properties":1402},"50eca0b6-4a50-45d7-b891-c01ea5ef0050",[228],[1396],{"id":1343,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1397,"properties":18},{"id":1343,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1398,"slug":18,"properties":1399,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1401,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1400},{"VI":1348},[],{"title":1403},{"VI":1404},"Yuanjing Zhu",{"id":1406,"sortIndex":512,"researcher":18,"roles":1407,"affiliations":1408,"properties":1415},"b2b95e34-e280-46e6-acb7-0e3ef7fda962",[228],[1409],{"id":1343,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1410,"properties":18},{"id":1343,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1411,"slug":18,"properties":1412,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1414,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1413},{"VI":1348},[],{"title":1416},{"VI":1417},"Chengxiang Zhang",{"url":1336,"publisher":1419,"properties":1455},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1420,"slug":10,"properties":1421,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1424,"manageAffiliations":1429,"indexDatabases":1435,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1450,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1422,"title":1423},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[1425],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1426,"label":1427,"description":1428,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1430],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1431,"slug":18,"properties":1432,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1434,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1433},{"EN":33},[],[1436,1443],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":1437,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1442,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1438,"label":1439,"description":1440,"key":46,"publicationTags":1441,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":1444,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":1449,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1445,"label":1446,"description":1447,"key":62,"publicationTags":1448,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1451,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":1452,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":1453,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1454,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":1456,"volume":1458},{"VOID":1457},"383-396",{"VOID":1459},"9",{"total":124,"publishYear":1461,"statisticByYear":1462},1992,{"2000":427,"2001":427,"2022":427,"2024":427},"1992-12-01","2026-07-19T20:16:52.879+00:00",[69,48],{"id":1467,"createTime":1468,"updateTime":1469,"relativeEntities":1470,"slug":1471,"properties":1472,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":1483,"verifyNote":222,"languages":1484,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1486,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1487,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":1526,"citationCount":87,"citationInfo":1570,"publishDate":1573,"publishYear":1571,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1574,"indexDatabases":1575,"openAccess":18,"references":1576,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"50f4ceb0-0be9-4588-80fc-ce09d004d194","2024-04-18T13:07:51.168+00:00","2026-07-17T11:37:27.275+00:00",[],"An-assessment-of-improvements-in-global-monsoon-precipitation-simulation-in-FGOALS-s2",{"openalex":1473,"mag":1475,"title":1477,"gsPaper":1479,"doi":1481},{"VOID":1474},"W2040499731",{"VOID":1476},"2040499731",{"EN":1478},"An assessment of improvements in global monsoon precipitation simulation in FGOALS-s2",{"VOID":1480},"[\"14765446873459091173\"]",{"VOID":1482},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-013-2164-6","2024-05-14T07:37:06.302+00:00",[1485],"EN","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-013-2164-6",[1488,1507],{"id":1489,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1490,"affiliations":1491,"properties":1498},"6bca5499-abf4-4ec9-8a5e-3049f0c84ced",[],[1492],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1493,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1494,"slug":18,"properties":1495,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1497,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1496},{"VI":780},[],{"orcid":1499,"title":1501,"gsAuthor":1503,"openalex":1505},{"VOID":1500},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-4260-756X",{"EN":1502},"Lixia Zhang",{"VOID":1504},"[\"07OakvgAAAAJ\"]",{"VOID":1506},"A5021056558",{"id":1508,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":1509,"affiliations":1510,"properties":1517},"d5e9efaf-1ba2-4477-90e2-cace45e6868c",[],[1511],{"id":775,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1512,"properties":18},{"id":775,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1513,"slug":18,"properties":1514,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1516,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1515},{"VI":780},[],{"orcid":1518,"title":1520,"gsAuthor":1522,"openalex":1524},{"VOID":1519},"https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-5829-7279",{"EN":1521},"Tianjun Zhou",{"VOID":1523},"[\"OTl3HEQAAAAJ\"]",{"VOID":1525},"A5005199804",{"url":18,"publisher":1527,"properties":1563},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1528,"slug":10,"properties":1529,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1532,"manageAffiliations":1537,"indexDatabases":1543,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1558,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1530,"title":1531},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[1533],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1534,"label":1535,"description":1536,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1538],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1539,"slug":18,"properties":1540,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1542,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1541},{"EN":33},[],[1544,1551],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":1545,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1550,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1546,"label":1547,"description":1548,"key":46,"publicationTags":1549,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":1552,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":1557,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1553,"label":1554,"description":1555,"key":62,"publicationTags":1556,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1559,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":1560,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":1561,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1562,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"issue":1564,"pages":1566,"volume":1568},{"VOID":1565},"1",{"VOID":1567},"165-178",{"VOID":1569},"31",{"total":87,"publishYear":1571,"statisticByYear":1572},2014,{"2014":179,"2015":511,"2016":512,"2017":511,"2018":427,"2019":427,"2020":427,"2023":427},"2014-01-01","2026-07-17T11:37:27.274+00:00",[69,48],[1577,1581,1585,1588,1592,1596,1599,1603,1607,1611,1615,1619,1622,1625,1629,1632,1636,1639,1643,1646,1649,1653,1657,1661,1665,1668,1671,1675],{"id":18,"text":1578,"url":18,"identifiers":1579},"Adler, R. F., and Coauthors, 2003: The version-2 global precipitation climatology project 11 (GPCP) monthly precipitation analysis (1979-present). J. Hydrometeor., 4, 1147–1167.",{"doi":1580},"10.1175\u002F1525-7541(2003)004\u003C1147:TVGPCP>2.0.CO;2",{"id":18,"text":1582,"url":18,"identifiers":1583},"Bao, Q., G. X. Wu, Y. M. Liu, J. Yang, Z. Z. Wang, and T. J. Zhou, 2010: An introduction to the coupled model FGOALS1.1-s and its performance in East Asia. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 27(5), 1131–1142, doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00376-010-9177-1.",{"doi":1584},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-010-9177-1",{"id":18,"text":1586,"url":18,"identifiers":1587},"Bao, Q., and Coauthors, 2013: The flexible global oceanatmosphereland system model version: FGOALS-s2. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 31(2), doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-2113-9.",{},{"id":18,"text":1589,"url":18,"identifiers":1590},"Collins, W. D., and Coauthors, 2006: The community climate system model version 3 (CCSM3). J. Climate, 19, 2122–2143.",{"doi":1591},"10.1175\u002FJCLI3761.1",{"id":18,"text":1593,"url":18,"identifiers":1594},"Dai, A., and T. Wigley, 2000: Global patterns of ENSO-induced precipitation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33(9), 1283–1286.",{"doi":1595},"10.1029\u002F1999GL011140",{"id":18,"text":1597,"url":18,"identifiers":1598},"Hsu, P. C., T. Li, J. Luo, H. Murakami, A. Kitoh, and M. Zhao, 2012: Increase of global monsoon area and precipitation under global warming: A robust signal? Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, L06701, doi: 10.1029\u002F2012GL051037.",{},{"id":18,"text":1600,"url":18,"identifiers":1601},"Kanamitsu, M., W. Ebisuzaki, J. Woollen, S.-K. Yang, J. J. Hnilo, M. Fiorino, and G. L. Potter, 2002: NCEP-DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 1631–1643.",{"doi":1602},"10.1175\u002FBAMS-83-11-1631",{"id":18,"text":1604,"url":18,"identifiers":1605},"Kim, H., B. Wang., and Q. Ding., 2008: Assessing the global monsoon simulated by the CMIP3 coupled climate models. J. Climate, 21, 5271–5294.",{"doi":1606},"10.1175\u002F2008JCLI2041.1",{"id":18,"text":1608,"url":18,"identifiers":1609},"Lin, P. F., Y. Q. Yu, and H. L. Liu, 2013: Long-term stability and oceanic mean state simulated by the coupled model FGOALS-s2. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 30(1), 175–192, doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-2042-7.",{"doi":1610},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-2042-7",{"id":18,"text":1612,"url":18,"identifiers":1613},"Liu, H., P. Lin, Y. Yu, and X. Zhang, 2012: The baseline evaluation of LASG\u002FIAP climate system ocean model (LICOM) version 2.0. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 26(3), 318–329.",{"doi":1614},"10.1007\u002Fs13351-012-0305-y",{"id":18,"text":1616,"url":18,"identifiers":1617},"Mitchell, T., and P. Jones, 2005: An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids. Int. J. Climatol., 25, 693–712.",{"doi":1618},"10.1002\u002Fjoc.1181",{"id":18,"text":1620,"url":18,"identifiers":1621},"Oleson, K. and Coauthors, 2004: Technique description of the Community Land Model (CLM). Tech. Rep. NCAR\u002FTN-461+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 174 pp.",{},{"id":18,"text":1623,"url":18,"identifiers":1624},"Rayner, N. A., E. B. Horton, D. E. Parker, C. K. Folland, and R. B. Hackett, 1996: Version 2.2 of the global sea-ice and sea surface temperature dataset, 1903–1994. Climate Research Technical Note, No. 74, 1–21.",{},{"id":18,"text":1626,"url":18,"identifiers":1627},"Ropelewski, C., and M. Halpert, 1988: Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115(8), 1606–1626.",{"doi":1628},"10.1175\u002F1520-0493(1987)115\u003C1606:GARSPP>2.0.CO;2",{"id":18,"text":1630,"url":18,"identifiers":1631},"Schneider, U., T. Fuchs., A. Meyer-Christoffer, and B. Rudolf., 2008: Global precipitation analysis products of the GPCC. Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), DWD, Internet Publication, 1–12.",{},{"id":18,"text":1633,"url":18,"identifiers":1634},"Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2000: The global monsoon as seen through the divergent atmospheric circulation. J. Climate, 13, 3969–3993.",{"doi":1635},"10.1175\u002F1520-0442(2000)013\u003C3969:TGMAST>2.0.CO;2",{"id":18,"text":1637,"url":18,"identifiers":1638},"Wang, B., and Q. Ding, 2006: Changes in global monsoon precipitation over the past 56 years. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L06711, doi: 10.1029\u002F2005GL025347.",{},{"id":18,"text":1640,"url":18,"identifiers":1641},"Wang, B., and Q. Ding, 2008: The global monsoon: major modes of annual variation in Tropical precipitation and circulation. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 44, 165–183.",{"doi":1642},"10.1016\u002Fj.dynatmoce.2007.05.002",{"id":18,"text":1644,"url":18,"identifiers":1645},"Wang B., J. Liu, H. Kim, P. J. Webster, and S. Y. Yim, 2011: Recent change of the global monsoon precipitation (1979–2008). Climate Dyn., doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00382-011-1266-z.",{},{"id":18,"text":1647,"url":18,"identifiers":1648},"Wang, J., Q. Bao, Y. Liu, G. Wu, B. He, and X. Wang, 2012: Performance of SAMIL on the global heating and the East Asian summer monsoon. Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 36(1), 63–76. (in Chinese)",{},{"id":18,"text":1650,"url":18,"identifiers":1651},"Webster, P., V. Magaña, T. Palmer, J. Shukla, R. Tomas, M. Yanai, and T. Yasunari, 1998: Monsoons: Processes, predictability and the prospects for prediction. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14451–14510.",{"doi":1652},"10.1029\u002F97JC02719",{"id":18,"text":1654,"url":18,"identifiers":1655},"Xie, P., and P. A. Arkin, 1997: Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 2539–2558.",{"doi":1656},"10.1175\u002F1520-0477(1997)078\u003C2539:GPAYMA>2.0.CO;2",{"id":18,"text":1658,"url":18,"identifiers":1659},"Yang, J., Q. Bao, X. C. Wang, and T. J. Zhou, 2012: The tropical intraseasonal oscillation in SAMIL coupled and uncoupled general circulation models. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 29(3), 529–543, doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00376-011-1087-3.",{"doi":1660},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-011-1087-3",{"id":18,"text":1662,"url":18,"identifiers":1663},"Zhang, L., and T. Zhou, 2011: An assessment of monsoon precipitation changes during 1901–2001. Climate Dyn., 37, 279–296, doi: 10.1007\u002Fs00382-011-0993-5.",{"doi":1664},"10.1007\u002Fs00382-011-0993-5",{"id":18,"text":1666,"url":18,"identifiers":1667},"Zhang, L., T. Zhou, B. Wu, and Q. Bao, 2010: The annual modes of tropical precipitation simulated by the LASG\u002FIAP coupled ocean-atmosphere model FGOALS s1.1. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 24(2), 189–202.",{},{"id":18,"text":1669,"url":18,"identifiers":1670},"Zhou, T., R. Yu, Z. Wang, T. Wu, 2005: Atmosphere Circulation Model SAMIL and the Fully Coupled Model FGOALS-s. China Meteorological Press, Beijing, 288 pp. (in Chinese)",{},{"id":18,"text":1672,"url":18,"identifiers":1673},"Zhou, T. J., R. Yu, H. Li, and B. Wang 2008a: Ocean forcing to changes in global monsoon precipitation over the recent half century. J. Climate, 21, 3833–3852.",{"doi":1674},"10.1175\u002F2008JCLI2067.1",{"id":18,"text":1676,"url":18,"identifiers":1677},"Zhou, T. J., L. Zhang, and H. Li, 2008b: Changes in global land monsoon area and total rainfall accumulation over the last half century. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L16707, doi: 10.1029\u002F2008GL034881.",{"doi":1678},"10.1029\u002F2008GL034881",{"id":1680,"createTime":1681,"updateTime":1682,"relativeEntities":1683,"slug":1684,"properties":1685,"entityType":219,"verifyStatus":220,"verifyTime":1694,"verifyNote":222,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1695,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1696,"publicationType":243,"publisherRelationship":1799,"citationCount":512,"citationInfo":1840,"publishDate":1843,"publishYear":1841,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":1682,"indexDatabases":1844,"openAccess":18,"references":1845,"isForceReanalyzing":389},"dca588c7-42da-44dd-800e-feca81cbc116","2024-01-18T07:46:17.524+00:00","2026-07-17T06:53:50.448+00:00",[],"Some-characteristics-of-the-surface-boundary-layer-of-a-strong-cold-air-process-over-southern-China",{"abstract":1686,"title":1688,"gsPaper":1690,"doi":1692},{"EN":1687},"In southern China, cold air is a common weather process during the winter season; it can cause strong wind, sharp temperature decreases, and even the snow or freezing rain events. However, the features of the atmospheric boundary layer during cold air passage are not clearly understood due to the lack of comprehensive observation data, especially regarding turbulence. In this study, four-layer gradient meteorological observation data and one-layer, 10-Hz ultrasonic anemometer-thermometer monitoring data from the northern side of Poyang Lake were employed to study the main features of the surface boundary layer during a strong cold-air passage over southern China. The results show that, with the passage of a cold air front, the wind speed exhibits low-frequency variations and that the wind systematically descends. During the strong wind period, the wind speed increases with height in the surface layer. Regular gust packets are superimposed on the basic strong wind flow. Before the passage of cold air, the wind gusts exhibit a coherent structure. The wind and turbulent momentum fluxes are small, although the gusty wind momentum flux is slightly larger than the turbulent momentum flux. However, during the invasion of cold air, both the gusty wind and turbulent momentum fluxes increase rapidly with wind speed, and the turbulent momentum flux is larger than the gusty wind momentum flux during the strong wind period. After the cold air invasion, this structure almost disappears.",{"EN":1689},"Some characteristics of the surface boundary layer of a strong cold air process over southern China",{"VOID":1691},"[\"3984282891555133730\"]",{"VOID":1693},"10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-1223-8","2024-04-29T04:42:12.590+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00376-012-1223-8",[1697,1730,1745,1765,1787],{"id":1698,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1699,"affiliations":1700,"properties":1727},"5786ab05-4aef-43a9-968b-d16f4b9c161b",[228],[1701,1709,1718],{"id":1702,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1703,"properties":18},"a74f2a12-2680-411b-b31e-bf156401dfcb",{"id":1702,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1704,"slug":18,"properties":1705,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1708,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1706},{"VI":1707},"Meteorological Sciences Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China",[],{"id":1710,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":1711,"properties":1717},"646ec5fe-81b1-41cb-ae88-7ca02a42d3bd",{"id":1710,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1712,"slug":18,"properties":1713,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1716,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1714},{"VI":1715},"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China",[],{},{"id":1719,"sortIndex":179,"affiliation":1720,"properties":1726},"98dd094e-4d29-4ee3-a047-159bb57f778e",{"id":1719,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1721,"slug":18,"properties":1722,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1725,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1723},{"VI":1724},"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China",[],{},{"title":1728},{"VI":1729},"Ximing Liu",{"id":1731,"sortIndex":427,"researcher":18,"roles":1732,"affiliations":1733,"properties":1740},"7b6f0354-fa99-4c54-85e2-c082afc1ef4e",[228],[1734],{"id":1710,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1735,"properties":18},{"id":1710,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1736,"slug":18,"properties":1737,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1739,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1738},{"VI":1715},[],{"title":1741,"gsAuthor":1743},{"VI":1742},"Xueling Cheng",{"VOID":1744},"[\"BEijJHoAAAAJ\"]",{"id":1746,"sortIndex":179,"researcher":18,"roles":1747,"affiliations":1748,"properties":1762},"64a51e8f-3c1f-4a0a-a8e3-cb2a7bd78616",[228],[1749,1755],{"id":1702,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1750,"properties":18},{"id":1702,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1751,"slug":18,"properties":1752,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1754,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1753},{"VI":1707},[],{"id":1719,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":1756,"properties":1761},{"id":1719,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1757,"slug":18,"properties":1758,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1760,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1759},{"VI":1724},[],{},{"title":1763},{"VI":1764},"Qiong Wu",{"id":1766,"sortIndex":511,"researcher":18,"roles":1767,"affiliations":1768,"properties":1784},"9fed9704-b499-4fd6-88f4-45ec667b754d",[228],[1769,1775],{"id":1702,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1770,"properties":18},{"id":1702,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1771,"slug":18,"properties":1772,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1774,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1773},{"VI":1707},[],{"id":1776,"sortIndex":427,"affiliation":1777,"properties":1783},"0793075d-c383-4f23-a0e2-f8a139f54e21",{"id":1776,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1778,"slug":18,"properties":1779,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1782,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1780},{"EN":1781},"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China",[],{},{"title":1785},{"VI":1786},"Minning Fu",{"id":1788,"sortIndex":124,"researcher":18,"roles":1789,"affiliations":1790,"properties":1797},"b51422d6-9425-4a3a-80dd-615fbcecf8d1",[228],[1791],{"id":1710,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1792,"properties":18},{"id":1710,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1793,"slug":18,"properties":1794,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1796,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1795},{"VI":1715},[],{"title":1798},{"VI":1156},{"url":1695,"publisher":1800,"properties":1836},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":1801,"slug":10,"properties":1802,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":1805,"manageAffiliations":1810,"indexDatabases":1816,"url":18,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":1831,"gsStatistic":18,"type":199,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":1803,"title":1804},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[1806],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1807,"label":1808,"description":1809,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},[1811],{"id":29,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1812,"slug":18,"properties":1813,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1815,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1814},{"EN":33},[],[1817,1824],{"id":37,"indexDatabase":1818,"url":50,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":1823,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":39,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1819,"label":1820,"description":1821,"key":46,"publicationTags":1822,"standard":18},[],{"EN":42,"VI":42},{"EN":44,"VI":45},[48,49],[52],{"id":54,"indexDatabase":1825,"url":65,"indexYears":66,"academicFieldIds":1830,"indexDatabaseRanking":69},{"id":56,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1826,"label":1827,"description":1828,"key":62,"publicationTags":1829,"standard":18},[],{"EN":59,"VI":59},{"EN":59,"VI":61},[64],[68],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":1832,"i10Index":83,"i10IndexLast5Year":84,"totalPublication":85,"totalPublicationByYear":1833,"totalCitation":118,"totalCitationByYear":1834,"totalCitationPerPublication":156,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":1835,"hindexLast5Year":198,"hindex":198},{"2012":72,"2013":73,"2014":74,"2015":75,"2016":76,"2017":77,"2018":76,"2019":78,"2020":79,"2021":80,"2022":81,"2023":82},{"1984":87,"1985":88,"1986":84,"1987":89,"1988":90,"1989":91,"1990":90,"1991":92,"1992":93,"1993":88,"1994":94,"1995":95,"1996":96,"1997":95,"1998":94,"1999":97,"2000":93,"2001":98,"2002":99,"2003":100,"2004":101,"2005":102,"2006":102,"2007":103,"2008":104,"2009":105,"2010":106,"2011":107,"2012":108,"2013":105,"2014":109,"2015":110,"2016":111,"2017":112,"2018":113,"2019":104,"2020":114,"2021":115,"2022":116,"2023":117,"2024":93},{"1984":120,"1985":121,"1986":122,"1987":123,"1988":124,"1989":125,"1990":126,"1991":127,"1992":128,"1993":129,"1994":105,"1995":130,"1997":131,"1998":132,"1999":133,"2000":134,"2001":135,"2002":136,"2003":137,"2004":138,"2005":139,"2006":140,"2007":141,"2008":136,"2009":142,"2010":143,"2011":144,"2012":145,"2013":146,"2014":147,"2015":148,"2016":149,"2017":150,"2018":151,"2019":152,"2020":153,"2021":154,"2022":155,"2023":116,"2024":121},{"1984":158,"1985":159,"1986":160,"1987":161,"1988":162,"1989":163,"1990":164,"1991":165,"1992":166,"1993":167,"1994":168,"1995":169,"1997":170,"1998":171,"1999":172,"2000":173,"2001":174,"2002":175,"2003":176,"2004":177,"2005":178,"2006":179,"2007":180,"2008":181,"2009":182,"2010":183,"2011":184,"2012":185,"2013":186,"2014":187,"2015":188,"2016":189,"2017":190,"2018":191,"2019":192,"2020":193,"2021":194,"2022":195,"2023":196,"2024":197},{"pages":1837,"volume":1839},{"VOID":1838},"210-218",{"VOID":285},{"total":512,"publishYear":1841,"statisticByYear":1842},2012,{"2016":179,"2023":511},"2012-12-19",[69,48],[1846,1849,1852,1855,1862,1868,1871,1874,1877,1880,1883,1886,1889,1892,1895,1898,1901,1904,1911],{"id":294,"text":1847,"url":296,"identifiers":1848},"Agee, E. M., and M. L. Hart, 1990: Boundary layer and mesoscale structure over Lake Michigan during a wintertime cold air outbreak. J. Atmos. Sci., 47(19), 2293–2316.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":1850,"url":18,"identifiers":1851},"Brümmer, B., 1996: Boundary-layer modification in wintertime cold-air outbreaks from the Arctic sea ice. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 80, 109–125.",{},{"id":18,"text":1853,"url":18,"identifiers":1854},"Cheng, X. L., Q. C. Zeng, F. Hu, and Z. Peng, 2007: Gustiness and coherent structure of strong wind in the atmospheric boundary layer. Climatic and Environmental Research, 12(3), 227–243. (in Chinese)",{},{"id":18,"text":1856,"url":1857,"identifiers":1858},"Cheng, X. L., Q. C. Zeng, and F. Hu, 2011: Characteristics of gusty wind disturbances and turbulent fluctuations in windy atmospheric boundary layer. J. Geophys. Res., 116, D06101, doi: 10.1029\u002F2010JD015081.","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2010jd015081",{"mag":1859,"openalex":1860,"doi":1861},"2086955743","W2086955743","10.1029\u002F2010jd015081",{"id":1863,"text":1864,"url":1865,"identifiers":1866},"4d3161ca-463c-4a6a-9643-2729fa61e56f","Gash, J. H. C., and A. D. Culf, 1996: Applying a linear detrend to eddy correlation data in real time. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 79, 301–306.","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF00119443",{"doi":1867},"10.1007\u002FBF00119443",{"id":18,"text":1869,"url":18,"identifiers":1870},"Liu, X. H., and Z. X. Hong, 1996: A study of the structure of a strong wind event in the atmospheric boundary layer in Beijing area. Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 20(2), 223–228. (in Chinese)",{},{"id":294,"text":1872,"url":296,"identifiers":1873},"Liu, X. M., L. H. Quan, J. H. Jiang, and B. L. Wang, 2007: Characteristics of the mesoscale fluxes during a strong dust storm weather process in Beijing. Climatic and Environmental Research, 12(3), 296–301. (in Chinese)",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":1875,"url":18,"identifiers":1876},"Liu, X. M., F. Hu, H. B. Zou, X. Y. Cao, and J. X. Dou, 2010: Analysis of the characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer during a typical heavy fog process over Beijing area. Plateau Meteorology, 29(5), 1174–1182. (in Chinese)",{},{"id":294,"text":1878,"url":296,"identifiers":1879},"Peng, Z., X. M. Liu, Z. X. Hong, and B. L. Wang, 2007: Characteristics of atmospheric boundary-layer structure and turbulent flux transfer during a strong dust storm weather process over Beijing area. Climatic and Environmental Research, 12(3), 267–276. (in Chinese)",{"doi":298},{"id":294,"text":1881,"url":296,"identifiers":1882},"Qian, W. H., L. S. Quan, and S. Y. Shi, 2002: Variations of the dust storm in China and its climatic control. J. Climate, 15, 1216–1228.",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":1884,"url":18,"identifiers":1885},"Ren, Z. H., Q. X. Gao, F. Q. Su, Y. T. Wang, Z. Zhang, and X. Yang, 2003: The regional characteristics of the atmospheric environment and the impact of duststorm in Beijing. Engineering Sciences, 5(2), 49–56.",{},{"id":18,"text":1887,"url":18,"identifiers":1888},"Tao, S. Y., 1957: A study of activities of cold airs in East Asian winter. Handbook of Short-Term Forecast, Chinese Meteorological Administration. (in Chinese)",{},{"id":18,"text":1890,"url":18,"identifiers":1891},"Vihma, T., C. Lüpkes, J. Hartmann, and H. Savijarvi, 2005: Obsvervations and modeling of cold-air advection over Acrtic sea ice. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 117, 275–300.",{},{"id":18,"text":1893,"url":18,"identifiers":1894},"World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 1983: Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation. 5th ed., WMO, Geneva, Switzerland, 536pp.",{},{"id":18,"text":1896,"url":18,"identifiers":1897},"Zeng, Q. C., and Coauthors, 2006: Gigantic Yellow Cloud—The Dust Storm in Eastern Asia. Science Press, Beijing, 228pp.",{},{"id":18,"text":1899,"url":18,"identifiers":1900},"Zeng, Q. C., X. L. Cheng, F. Hu, and Z Peng, 2010: Gustiness and coherent structure of a strong winds and their role in dust emission. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 27(1), 1–13.",{},{"id":294,"text":1902,"url":296,"identifiers":1903},"Zhang, H. S., X. J. Liu, H. Zhu, H. Z. Liu, and F. Hu, 2010: Characteristics of turbulent transfer during the strong wind period in the northern suburbs of Beijing. Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 34(3), 661–668. (in Chinese)",{"doi":298},{"id":18,"text":1905,"url":1906,"identifiers":1907},"Zhang, R. J., R. Arimoto, J. L. An, S. Yabuki, and J. H. Sun, 2002: Ground observations of a strong dust storm in Beijing in March 2002. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18S06, doi: 10.1029\u002F2004JD004589.","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F2004jd004589",{"mag":1908,"openalex":1909,"doi":1910},"2144117391","W2144117391","10.1029\u002F2004jd004589",{"id":18,"text":1912,"url":18,"identifiers":1913},"Zhu, Q. G., J. R. Lin, S. W. Shou, and D. S. Tang, 1992: Principle and Methods of Synoptic Meteorology. China Meteorological Press, Beijing, 914pp. (in Chinese)",{}]