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A main objective has been to review the controversies that followed the Nobel Prize and to outline the role of the priority rule in Science.\n We have considered the priority rule defined by Robert Merton in 1957, which takes into account the date of acceptance of the report of a discovery in an accredited scientific journal and\u002For the granting of a patent, complemented by the criteria set out by Ronald Vale and Anthony Hyman (2016) regarding the transfer of information to the scientific community and its validation by it. The awarding of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in October 1923 has represented a frame of reference. The claims and disputes regarding the prioritization of the contributions of the main researchers in the organotherapy of diabetes have been analyzed through the study of their scientific production and the debate generated in academic institutions. (1) According to the criteria of Merton, Vale and Hyman, the priority of the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone corresponds to the investigations developed in Europe by E. Gley (1900), GL Zülzer (1908) and NC Paulescu (1920). (2) The active principle of the pancreatic extracts developed by Zülzer (acomatol), Paulescu (pancreina) and Banting and Best (insulin) was the same. (3) JB Collip succeeded in isolating the active ingredient from the pancreatic extract in January 1922, eliminating impurities to the point of enabling its use in the clinic. (4) In 1972, the Nobel Foundation modified the purpose of the 1923 Physiology or Medicine award to Banting and Macleod by introducing a new wording: \"the credit for having produced the pancreatic hormone in a practical available form\" (instead of “for the discovery of insulin”).",{"EN":116},"The Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine, 1923: controversies on the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone",{"VOID":118},"[\"8806287037273345325\"]",{"VOID":120},"10.1007\u002Fs00592-023-02098-9","PUBLICATION","VERIFIED","2024-04-24T10:28:56.730+00:00","Auto 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T, Tamaro E (2004) Biografía de Alfred Nobel. Biografías y Vidas. La enciclopedia biográfica en línea https:\u002F\u002Fwww.biografiasyvidas.com\u002Fbiografia\u002Fn\u002Fnobel.htm. Accessed 13 Jan 2023","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.biografiasyvidas.com\u002Fbiografia\u002Fn\u002Fnobel.htm",{},{"id":18,"text":234,"url":18,"identifiers":235},"Odelberg W (ed) (1962). Nobel: the Man and his Prizes, 2nd edn. Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam",{},{"id":18,"text":237,"url":18,"identifiers":238},"Lindstein J, Ringertz N (2001) The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1900–2000. In: Levinovitz AW, Ringertz N (eds) The Nobel Prize: the first 100 years. Imperial College Press and World Scientific Publishing Co, London, pp 111–136",{},{"id":240,"text":241,"url":242,"identifiers":243},"4c68646b-0035-4279-8000-0006b275d4fa","Tattersall R (2012) The discovery of insulin. In: Thompson G (ed) Nobel Prizes that changed medicine. Imperial College Press, London, p 14","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10440-022-00541-7",{"doi":244},"10.1007\u002Fs10440-022-00541-7",{"id":18,"text":246,"url":18,"identifiers":247},"Bliss M (2007) The discovery of insulin, 25th anniversary. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 225–233",{},{"id":240,"text":249,"url":242,"identifiers":250},"Norrby E (2010) Nobel Prizes and life sciences. World Scientific Publishing Co, Singapore, pp 161–165",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":252,"url":242,"identifiers":253},"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923. NobelPrize.org https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nobelprize.org\u002Fprizes\u002Fmedicine\u002F1923\u002Fsummary\u002F. Accessed 13 Jan 2023",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":255,"url":256,"identifiers":257},"Lindstein J (2001) August Krogh and the Nobel Prize to Banting and Macleod. Nobel Prize https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nobelprize.org\u002Fprizes\u002Fthemes\u002Faugust-krogh-and-the-nobel-prize-to-banting-and-macleod\u002F. Accessed 13 Jan 2023","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nobelprize.org\u002Fprizes\u002Fthemes\u002Faugust-krogh-and-the-nobel-prize-to-banting-and-macleod\u002F",{},{"id":18,"text":259,"url":260,"identifiers":261},"Nobel Prize: Canada’s Gift to the World. Defining Moments Canada: insulin100 https:\u002F\u002Fdefiningmomentscanada.ca\u002Finsulin100\u002Fhistory\u002Fnobel-prize-canadas-gift-to-the-world\u002F. Accessed 2 Dec 2022","https:\u002F\u002Fdefiningmomentscanada.ca\u002Finsulin100\u002Fhistory\u002Fnobel-prize-canadas-gift-to-the-world\u002F",{},{"id":18,"text":263,"url":264,"identifiers":265},"The Nobel Prize amounts. NobelPrize.org https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nobelprize.org\u002Fprizes\u002Fabout\u002Fthe-nobel-prize-amounts. Accessed 16 March 2023","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nobelprize.org\u002Fprizes\u002Fabout\u002Fthe-nobel-prize-amounts",{},{"id":240,"text":267,"url":242,"identifiers":268},"Bliss M (1984) Banting: a biography. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, p 135",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":270,"url":242,"identifiers":271},"Von Mering J, Minkowski O (1889) Diabetes Mellitus nach Pankreasextirpation. Zentralbl Klin Med 10:394",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":273,"url":242,"identifiers":274},"Von Mering J, Minkowski O (1890) Diabetes mellitus nach Pankreasextirpation. Arch Exp Path Pharm 26:371–387",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":276,"url":242,"identifiers":277},"Minkowski O (1892) Weitere Mittheilungen über den Diabetes mellitus nach Extirpation des Pankreas. Berl Klin Woechenschr 29:90–94",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":279,"url":242,"identifiers":280},"Minkowski O (1893) Untersuchungen über den diabetes mellitus nach extirpation des pankreas. Arch Exp Path Pharm 31:85–189",{"doi":244},{"id":282,"text":283,"url":284,"identifiers":285},"00e3ee2a-edfb-4162-98c0-f78db1ee8069","Minkowski O (1884) Ueber das vorkommen von oxybuttersäure im harn bei diabetes mellitus. Arch Exp Path Pharm 18(1):35–48","http:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002F10.1007\u002FBF01833858",{"doi":286},"10.1007\u002Fbf01833858",{"id":240,"text":288,"url":242,"identifiers":289},"Luft R (1989) Oskar Minkowski: discovery of the pancreatic origin of diabetes, 1889. Diabetologia 32:399–401",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":291,"url":242,"identifiers":292},"de Leiva-Hidalgo A (2022) Organotherapy of diabetes mellitus (1889–1923). Controversies on the priority about the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone. PhD Dissertation, University of Valencia",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":294,"url":18,"identifiers":295},"Minkowski O (1929) Die Lehre vom Pankreas. Diabetes in ihrer geschichtlichen entwicklung. Munch Med Wschr 76: 311–315. Translated by Levine R (1989) Perspectives in diabetes. Historical development of the theory of pancreatic diabetes. Diabetes 38(1):1–6",{},{"id":18,"text":297,"url":18,"identifiers":298},"Hédon E (1891) Extirpation du pancréas. Diabète sucré expérimental. Arch Méd Exp 45–67",{},{"id":18,"text":300,"url":18,"identifiers":301},"Hédon E (1892) Greffe sous-cutanée du pancréas: ses résultats au point de vue de la théorie du diabète pancréatique. C R Soc de Biol 44:678–680",{},{"id":303,"text":304,"url":305,"identifiers":306},"d0d317bd-913f-40e0-a65b-43aa0eea02c8","de Leiva-Hidalgo A, de Leiva-Pérez A (2022) I-European Research, the cradle of the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone: the pioneer roles and the relevance of Oskar Minkowski and Eugène Gley. Acta Diabetol 59:1635–1651. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-022-01976-y","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-022-01976-y",{"doi":307},"10.1007\u002Fs00592-022-01976-y",{"id":18,"text":309,"url":18,"identifiers":310},"Gley E (1891) Procédé de destruction du pancréas. Troubles consécutifs à cette destruction. C R Soc Biol Paris 3:225–228",{},{"id":18,"text":312,"url":18,"identifiers":313},"Gley E (1900) Diabète pancréatique expérimental. Essais de traitement. Ann de la Soc de Méd de Gand 70:247–257",{},{"id":18,"text":315,"url":18,"identifiers":316},"Zülzer GL (1907) Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Diabetes. Berl klin Wschr 44:474–475",{},{"id":240,"text":318,"url":242,"identifiers":319},"Zülzer GL (1908) Ueber Versuche einer specifischen Fermenttherapie des Diabetes. Z Exp Path Ther 5(2):307–318",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":321,"url":18,"identifiers":322},"Zülzer GL, Dohrn N, Marxer A (1908) Neuere Untersuchungen über den experimentellen diabetes. Dtsch Med Wschr 34:1380–1385",{},{"id":18,"text":324,"url":325,"identifiers":326},"de Leiva-Hidalgo A, de Leiva-Pérez A (2020) Pancreatic extracts for the treatment of diabetes (1889–1914): Acomatol. Am J Ther 27:e1–e12. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1097\u002FMJT.0000000000001070","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1097\u002Fmjt.0000000000001070",{"mag":327,"openalex":328,"pm":329,"doi":330},"2979969616","W2979969616","31599767","10.1097\u002Fmjt.0000000000001070",{"id":18,"text":332,"url":333,"identifiers":334},"de Leiva-Hidalgo A, de Leiva-Pérez A (2023) On the occasion of the centennial of insulin therapy (1922–2022), II-Organotherapy of diabetes mellitus (1906–1923): Acomatol. Pancreina Insulin Acta Diabetologica 60:163–189. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-022-02014-7","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-022-02014-7",{"doi":335},"10.1007\u002Fs00592-022-02014-7",{"id":18,"text":337,"url":18,"identifiers":338},"Reuter, (1924) La sécrétion interne du pancréas et le traitement du diabète sucré. Sect Sci Nat Phys Math 8:87–100",{},{"id":18,"text":340,"url":341,"identifiers":342},"Zülzer GL (1923) The overcoming of diabetes. New facts about insulin [Typescript document]. Banting Papers, Box 62, Folder 26. University of Toronto Library https:\u002F\u002Finsulin.library.utoronto.ca\u002Fislandora\u002Fobject\u002Finsulin%3AW10041","https:\u002F\u002Finsulin.library.utoronto.ca\u002Fislandora\u002Fobject\u002Finsulin%3AW10041",{},{"id":18,"text":344,"url":18,"identifiers":345},"Zülzer GL (1923) Über Acomatol, das deutsche Insulin. Med Klin 47:1–3",{},{"id":18,"text":347,"url":348,"identifiers":349},"de Leiva-Hidalgo A, de Leiva-Pérez A (2009) From pancreatic extracts to artificial pancreas: history, science and controversies about the discovery of the pancreatic antidiabetic hormone. I: the pioneers. Av Diabetol 25:62–69. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002FS1134-3230(10)65013-2","https:\u002F\u002Fpesquisa.bvsalud.org\u002Fportal\u002Fresource\u002Fes\u002Fibc-59261",{"mag":350,"openalex":351,"doi":352},"3216330048","W3216330048","10.1016\u002FS1134-3230(10)65013-2",{"id":240,"text":354,"url":242,"identifiers":355},"Scott EL (1913) The relation of the pancreatic extract to the sugar of blood. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 10:101–103",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":357,"url":18,"identifiers":358},"Scott EL (1912) On the influence of intravenous injections of an extract of the pancreas on experimental pancreatic diabetes. Am J Physiol 29:306–310",{},{"id":18,"text":360,"url":18,"identifiers":361},"Magner LN (1977) Ernest Lyman Scott’s work with insulin. A reappraisal. Pham Hist 19(3):103–108",{},{"id":18,"text":363,"url":18,"identifiers":364},"Scott EL (1923) Priority in discovery of a substance derived from pancreas, active in carbohydrate metabolism (Letter to the Editor). J Am Med Assoc 81(15):1303–1304",{},{"id":18,"text":366,"url":18,"identifiers":367},"Richards DW (1966) Ernest Scott’s Thesis, 1911. The effect of Pancreas on depancreatized dogs. Perspect Biol Med 10(1):84–95",{},{"id":18,"text":369,"url":18,"identifiers":370},"Scott AH (1972) Great Scott, Ernest Lyman Scott’s work with insulin in 1911. Scott Publishing Co., Bogotá",{},{"id":240,"text":372,"url":242,"identifiers":373},"Kleiner IS, Seltzer SJ (1915) Retention in the circulation of dextrose in normal and depancreatized animals, and the effect of an intravenous injection of an emulsion of pancreas upon this retention. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1:338–341",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":375,"url":18,"identifiers":376},"Kleiner IS (1919) The action of intravenous injections of pancreas emulsion in experimental diabetes. J Biol Chem 40:153–170",{},{"id":240,"text":378,"url":242,"identifiers":379},"Murlin JR, Kramer B (1913) The influence of pancreatic and duodenal extracts on the glycosuria and the respiratory metabolism of depancreatized dogs. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 10:171–173",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":381,"url":18,"identifiers":382},"Murlin JR, Kramer B, Swett JE (1922) The influence of pancreatic extracts without the aid of alkali upon the metabolism of the depancreatized dogs. J Metab Res 2:19–27",{},{"id":240,"text":384,"url":242,"identifiers":385},"Gibbs CBF, Clough HD, Stone NC, Murlin JR (1922) The influence of pancreatic extracts upon the carbohydrate metabolism in depancreatized dogs. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 20:67–68",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":387,"url":18,"identifiers":388},"Murlin JR, Clough HD, Gibbs CBF, Stokes AM (1923) Aqueous extracts of the pancreas. Influence on the carbohydrate metabolism of depancreatized animals. 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C R Soc Biol 85:558",{},{"id":18,"text":405,"url":18,"identifiers":406},"Paulescu NC (1921) Influence de la quantité de pancréas employée pour préparer l’extrait injecté dans le sang chez un animal diabétique. C R Soc Biol 85:558–559",{},{"id":18,"text":408,"url":18,"identifiers":409},"Paulescu NC (1921) Action de l’extrait pancréatique injecté dans le sang chez un animal normal. Comp Rend Soc Biol 85:559",{},{"id":18,"text":411,"url":18,"identifiers":412},"Paulescu NC (1921) Recherche sur le rôle du pancréas dans l’assimilation nutritive. Arch Intern Physiol 17:85–103",{},{"id":18,"text":414,"url":18,"identifiers":415},"Ionescu-Tirgoviste C (1996) The rediscovery of insulin. Editura Geneze, Bucarest",{},{"id":18,"text":417,"url":418,"identifiers":419},"de Leiva-Hidalgo A, Brugués E, de Leiva-Pérez A (2020) The true Banting and Best Story: the priority rule and the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone. In: Jörgens V, Porta M (eds) Unveiling diabetes-historical milestones in diabetology. Front Diabetes, Karger, Basel, 29:84–102. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1159\u002F000506561","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1159\u002F000506561",{"mag":420,"openalex":421,"doi":422},"3047779137","W3047779137","10.1159\u002F000506561",{"id":18,"text":424,"url":18,"identifiers":425},"Paulescu NC (1923) Protest letter to the president of the Nobel Institute, against the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1923 to FG Banting and JJR Macleod (Personal archive of NC Paulescu, courtesy of Dan Angelescu)",{},{"id":18,"text":427,"url":18,"identifiers":428},"Lancereaux E, Paulescu NC (1930). Traité de Médecine, vol IV. Sibiu: Imprimierie de l’Ecole Militaire",{},{"id":18,"text":430,"url":18,"identifiers":431},"Milcu SM, Pavel I (1969) Letter to the director of the Nobel Institute requesting official recognition of NC Paulescu as \"discoverer of insulin\". Romanian Academy Library (Personal Archive of NC Paulescu)",{},{"id":240,"text":433,"url":242,"identifiers":434},"Banting FG, Best CH (1922) The internal secretion of the pancreas. J Lab Clin Med 7(5):251–266",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":436,"url":18,"identifiers":437},"Bliss M (2011) Writing history—a Professor’s life. Dundurn, Toronto",{},{"id":18,"text":439,"url":18,"identifiers":440},"Tiselius A (1969) Letter from Tiselius to SM Milcu and I. Pavel. Library of the Romanian Academy (Personal archive of NC Paulescu)",{},{"id":18,"text":442,"url":18,"identifiers":443},"Sordelli A, Lewis J (1924) Insulina. El Ateneo, Buenos Aires",{},{"id":240,"text":445,"url":242,"identifiers":446},"Murray I (1969) The search for insulin. Scottish Med 14:286–295",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":448,"url":18,"identifiers":449},"Murray I (1969) Insulin: credit for its isolation. Letter to the Editor. Brit Med J 2:651–652",{},{"id":240,"text":451,"url":242,"identifiers":452},"Murray I (1971) Paulescu and the isolation of insulin. J Hist Med Allied Sci 26(2):150–157",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":454,"url":18,"identifiers":455},"International Diabetes Federation (IDF) (1971) Report of the Special Committee set up to present a written summary of work leading to the Discovery of insulin. News Bull IDF 16:164–167",{},{"id":240,"text":457,"url":242,"identifiers":458},"Martin E (1971) Problems with priority in the discovery of insulin. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 101:164–167",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":460,"url":461,"identifiers":462},"Forschbach J (1909) Versuche zur Behandlung des Diabetes mellitus mit dem Zuelzerschen Pankreashormon. Dtsch Med Wschr 35(47):2053–2055. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1055\u002Fs-0029-1201850","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1055\u002Fs-0029-1201850",{"mag":463,"openalex":464,"doi":465},"2057432817","W2057432817","10.1055\u002Fs-0029-1201850",{"id":18,"text":467,"url":468,"identifiers":469},"Schleiermacher S, Schagen U (2017) The Charité in the Third Reich (Die Charité im Dritten Reich). https:\u002F\u002Fgedenkort.charite.de\u002Fen\u002F . Accessed 16 March 2023","https:\u002F\u002Fgedenkort.charite.de\u002Fen\u002F",{},{"id":18,"text":471,"url":18,"identifiers":472},"Friling T, Ioanid R, Ionescu ME (2004) Final Report: International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania. Editura POLIROM, Iaşi, Bucureşt",{},{"id":240,"text":474,"url":242,"identifiers":475},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Macleod JJR, Noble EC (1922) The effects of insulin on experimental hyperglycemia in rabbits. Am J Physiol 62:559–580",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":477,"url":18,"identifiers":478},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Macleod JJR, Noble EC (1922) The effect of insulin on normal rabbits and on rabbits rendered hyperglycemic in various ways, 1 The effect of insulin on normal rabbits. Proc Trans R Soc Can 16(Sect V):31–32",{},{"id":18,"text":480,"url":18,"identifiers":481},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Macleod JJR, Noble EC (1922) The effect of insulin on normal rabbits and on rabbits rendered hyperglycemic in various ways. 2. The effect of insulin on hyperglycemic animals. Proc Trans R Soc Can 16(Sect V):32–33",{},{"id":18,"text":483,"url":18,"identifiers":484},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Macleod JJR, Noble EC (1922) The effect of insulin on the percentage amounts of fat and glycogen in the liver and other organs of diabetic animals. Proc Trans R Soc Can 16(Sect V):39–42",{},{"id":18,"text":486,"url":18,"identifiers":487},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Macleod JJR, Noble EC (1922) The effect of insulin on the excretion of ketone bodies by the diabetic dog. Proc Trans R Soc Can 16(Sect V):43–44",{},{"id":18,"text":489,"url":18,"identifiers":490},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Hepburn J, Macleod JJR (1922) The effect produced on the respiratory quotient by injections of insulin. Proc Trans R Soc Can 16(Sect V):35–37",{},{"id":18,"text":492,"url":18,"identifiers":493},"Macleod JJR (1922) The source of insulin: a study of the effect produced on blood sugar by extracts of the pancreas and principal islets of fishes. J Metab Res 2:149–172",{},{"id":18,"text":495,"url":18,"identifiers":496},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB (1923) Patent application filed on January 12, 1923 with No. 612,158. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office",{},{"id":18,"text":498,"url":18,"identifiers":499},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB (1923) United States Patent # 1,469,994 (Granted on October 9, 1923). Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office",{},{"id":240,"text":501,"url":242,"identifiers":502},"Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Campbell WR, Fletcher AA (1922) Pancreatic extracts in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Preliminary report. Can Med Assoc J 2:141–146",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":504,"url":242,"identifiers":505},"Banting FG, Campbell WR, Fletcher AA (1922) Insulin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. J Metabol Res 2:547–604",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":507,"url":242,"identifiers":508},"Banting FG, Campbell WR, Fletcher AA (1923) Further clinical experience with insulin (pancreatic extracts) in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Brit Med J 1(3236):8–12",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":510,"url":511,"identifiers":512},"Merton RK (1938) Science, technology and society in Seventeenth Century England. Osiris 4:360–632. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1086\u002F368484","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1086\u002F368484",{"doi":513},"10.1086\u002F368484",{"id":240,"text":515,"url":242,"identifiers":516},"Merton RK (1949) Social theory and social structure. The Free Press, New York",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":518,"url":242,"identifiers":519},"Merton RK (1965) On the shoulders of giants: a Shandean postscript. The Free Press, New York",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":521,"url":522,"identifiers":523},"Merton RK (1957) Priorities in scientific discoveries: a chapter on the sociology of science. Am Sociol Rev 22(6):635–659. https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2307\u002F2089193","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2307\u002F2089193",{"mag":524,"openalex":525,"doi":526},"2329738111","W2329738111","10.2307\u002F2089193",{"id":240,"text":528,"url":242,"identifiers":529},"Vale RD (2015) Accelerating scientific publications in biology. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 112:13439–13446",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":531,"url":242,"identifiers":532},"Vale RD, Hyman AA (2016) Priorities of the discovery in the life sciences. Elife 16(5):e16931",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":534,"url":242,"identifiers":535},"Alberts B, Kirschner MW, Tilgham S, Varmus H (2014) Rescuing US biomedical research from its systemic flaws. Proc Nac Acad Sci USA 111:5773–5777",{"doi":244},{"id":537,"text":538,"url":539,"identifiers":540},"3a7b4cde-1b84-4081-9b00-032fb77e5052","Merton RK (1977) The Sociology of Science: theoretical and empirical investigations. 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Of 1997 patients, 154 (7.7 %) had diabetes and 525 (26.3 %) had depression. Diabetes prevalence was significantly higher in patients treated with clomipramine than in patients not treated [odds ratio 3.9, (2.2–7.0), p \u003C 0.00001], independently by age and BMI. A possible causal role needs to be investigated in a prospective way.",{"EN":563},"Diabetes mellitus associated with clomipramine treatment: a retrospective analysis",{"VOID":565},"[]",{"VOID":567},"Paulmann N, Grohmann M, Voigt JP, Bert B, Vowinckel J, Bader M, Skelin M, Jevsek M, Fink H, Rupnik M, Walther DJ (2009) Intracellular serotonin modulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells by protein serotonylation. PLoS Biol 7(10):e1000229\nMumoli N, Cei M (2008) Clomipramine-induced diabetes. Ann Intern Med 149(8):595–596\nMezuk B, Eaton WW, Albrecht S, Golden SH (2008) Depression and type 2 diabetes over the lifespan: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 31(12):2383–2390\nRubin RR, Ma Y, Peyrot M, Marrero DG, Price DW, Barrett-Connor E, Knowler WC, Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group (2010) Antidepressant medicine use and risk of developing diabetes during the diabetes prevention program and diabetes prevention program outcomes study. Diabetes Care 33(12):2549–2551\nPan A, Sun Q, Okereke OI, Rexrode KM, Rubin RR, Lucas M, Willett WC, Manson JE, Hu FB (2012) Use of antidepressant medication and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three cohorts of US adults. 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glucose, insulin and amylase levels were repeatedly determined in 8 patients developing pancreatic lesion after diagnostic pancreatography. The injection into the pancreatic duct of small amounts (2–8 ml) of contrast medium resulted invariably in a rise in blood amylase level, which was associated in some of the patients with insulin release and increased blood glucose. With larger doses of contrast medium (14–18 ml) blood amylase was considerably increased, the rise in plasma insulin level also being more marked. Elevation of blood insulin and glucose concentrations may be accounted for by the release of glucagon and insulin from the damaged islet cells. The biochemical changes observed in pancreatic lesions due to pancreatography might provide some information concerning the pathogenetic mechanism of spontaneous pancreatitis in man.",{"EN":736},"Blood glucose, insulin and amylase levels in pancreatic lesion due to pancreatography",{"VOID":565},{"VOID":739},"Anacker H., Weiss H. D., Wiesner W., Scholze H.: Die Bedeutung der transduodenalen endoskopischen Pankreatographie — Dtsch. med. Wschr.96, 1764, 1971.\nCotton P. 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Areas under the curves (AUCs) for serum 1,5-AG, FBG, PBG, and HbA1c in identifying diabetes were 0.920, 0.874, 0.933, and 0.887, respectively. According to the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff value of serum 1,5-AG for diagnosing diabetes was 11.18 μg\u002Fml, which yielded a sensitivity of 92.6% and a specificity of 82.3%, respectively. Comparisons between 1,5-AG and HbA1c showed that both the AUC and sensitivity of 1,5-AG were higher than those of HbA1c (both P \u003C 0.01). 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Diabetes Care 30:2708–2715",{},{"id":18,"text":1818,"url":18,"identifiers":1819},"Herman WH (2007) Diabetes epidemiology: guiding clinical and public health practice: the Kelly West Award Lecture, 2006. Diabetes Care 30:1912–1919",{},{"id":240,"text":1821,"url":242,"identifiers":1822},"Sumner CJ, Sheth S, Griffin JW, Cornblath DR, Polydefkis M (2003) The spectrum of neuropathy in diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. Neurology 60:108–111",{"doi":244},{"id":18,"text":1824,"url":18,"identifiers":1825},"Barr EL, Zimmet PZ, Welborn TA et al (2007) Risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab). Circulation 116:151–157",{},{"id":240,"text":1827,"url":242,"identifiers":1828},"Gaede P, Lund-Andersen H, Parving HH, Pedersen O (2008) Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 358:580–591",{"doi":244},{"id":1830,"text":1831,"url":1832,"identifiers":1833},"2e48e774-b16e-4edb-a5be-9985e4130dbc","Lee H, Oh JY, Sung YA et al (2013) Optimal hemoglobin A1C cutoff value for diagnosing type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korean adults. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 99:231–236","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS016882271200335X",{"doi":1834},"10.1016\u002Fj.diabres.2012.09.030",{"id":240,"text":1836,"url":242,"identifiers":1837},"Mooy JM, Grootenhuis PA, de Vries H et al (1996) Intra-individual variation of glucose, specific insulin and proinsulin concentrations measured by two oral glucose tolerance tests in a general Caucasian population: the Hoorn Study. Diabetologia 39:298–305",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1839,"url":242,"identifiers":1840},"Adams OP (2013) The impact of brief high-intensity exercise on blood glucose levels. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 6:113–122",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1842,"url":242,"identifiers":1843},"Asif M (2014) The prevention and control the type-2 diabetes by changing lifestyle and dietary pattern. J Educ Health Promot 3:1",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1845,"url":242,"identifiers":1846},"Sung KC, Rhee EJ (2007) Glycated haemoglobin as a predictor for metabolic syndrome in non-diabetic Korean adults. Diabet Med 24:848–854",{"doi":244},{"id":1848,"text":1849,"url":1850,"identifiers":1851},"0b85ca79-b3b5-4364-a1d8-72c52868f063","Jagannathan R, Sevick MA, Fink D et al (2016) The 1-hour post-load glucose level is more effective than HbA1c for screening dysglycemia. Acta Diabetol 53(4):543–550","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-015-0829-6",{"doi":1852},"10.1007\u002Fs00592-015-0829-6",{"id":18,"text":1854,"url":18,"identifiers":1855},"Kim WJ, Park CY (2013) 1,5-Anhydroglucitol in diabetes mellitus. Endocrine 43:33–40",{},{"id":1857,"text":1858,"url":1859,"identifiers":1860},"d1171712-6030-4b3d-82fc-a85c08fbf8b5","Shipman KE, Jawad M, Sullivan KM, Ford C, Gama R (2015) Ethnic\u002Fracial determinants of glycemic markers in a UK sample. Acta Diabetol 52(4):687–692","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-014-0703-y",{"doi":1861},"10.1007\u002Fs00592-014-0703-y",{"id":240,"text":1863,"url":242,"identifiers":1864},"American Diabetes Association (2013) Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 36(Suppl 1):S67–S74",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1866,"url":242,"identifiers":1867},"Bao Y, Ma X, Li H et al (2010) Glycated haemoglobin A1c for diagnosing diabetes in Chinese population: cross sectional epidemiological survey. BMJ 340:c2249",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1869,"url":242,"identifiers":1870},"Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ (1998) Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med 15:539–553",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1872,"url":242,"identifiers":1873},"Ma X, Hao Y, Hu X et al (2015) 1,5-Anhydroglucitol is associated with early-phase insulin secretion in chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Technol Ther 17:320–326",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1875,"url":242,"identifiers":1876},"Wright LA, Hirsch IB, Gooley TA, Brown Z (2015) 1,5-Anhydroglucitol and neonatal complications in pregnancy complicated by diabetes. Endocr Pract 21:725–733",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1878,"url":242,"identifiers":1879},"Lee JE (2015) Alternative biomarkers for assessing glycemic control in diabetes: fructosamine, glycated albumin, and 1,5-anhydroglucitol. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 20:74–78",{"doi":244},{"id":1881,"text":1882,"url":1883,"identifiers":1884},"14b9f9d0-11d2-4d8c-b2f5-71fa60478530","Malkan UY, Gunes G, Corakci A (2015) Rational diagnoses of diabetes: the comparison of 1,5-anhydroglucitol with other glycemic markers. Springerplus 4:587","https:\u002F\u002Fspringerplus.springeropen.com\u002Farticles\u002F10.1186\u002Fs40064-015-1389-5",{"doi":1885},"10.1186\u002Fs40064-015-1389-5",{"id":240,"text":1887,"url":242,"identifiers":1888},"Weng J, Ji L, Jia W et al (2016) Standards of care for type 2 diabetes in China. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 32(5):442–458",{"doi":244},{"id":1890,"text":1891,"url":1892,"identifiers":1893},"6d871360-0b2a-4cba-ab7a-94ea2fba9bd0","Tanaka A, Yamada N, Saito Y, Kawakami M, Ohashi Y, Akanuma Y (2001) A double-blind trial on the effects of atorvastatin on glycemic control in Japanese diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia. Clin Chim Acta 312:41–47","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0009898101005897",{"doi":1894},"10.1016\u002Fs0009-8981(01)00589-7",{"id":240,"text":1896,"url":242,"identifiers":1897},"Altman DG, Bland JM (2009) Parametric v non-parametric methods for data analysis. BMJ 338:a3167",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1899,"url":242,"identifiers":1900},"Bland JM, Altman DG (2009) Analysis of continuous data from small samples. BMJ 338:a3166",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1902,"url":242,"identifiers":1903},"DeLong ER, DeLong DM, Clarke-Pearson DL (1988) Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics 44:837–845",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1905,"url":242,"identifiers":1906},"Diagnosis ECot, Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (2003) Report of the expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 26(Suppl 1):S5–S20",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1908,"url":242,"identifiers":1909},"Goto M, Yamamoto-Honda R, Shimbo T et al (2011) Correlation between baseline serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels and 2-hour post-challenge glucose levels during oral glucose tolerance tests. Endocr J 58(1):13–17",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1911,"url":242,"identifiers":1912},"Yamanouchi T, Akanuma H, Nakamura T, Akaoka I, Akanuma Y (1988) Reduction of plasma 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1-deoxyglucose) concentration in diabetic patients. Diabetologia 31:41–45",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1914,"url":242,"identifiers":1915},"Buse JB, Freeman JL, Edelman SV, Jovanovic L, McGill JB (2003) Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (GlycoMark): a short-term glycemic marker. Diabetes Technol Ther 5:355–363",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1917,"url":242,"identifiers":1918},"Wang Y, Zhang YL, Wang YP, Lei CH, Sun ZL (2012) A study on the association of serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels and the hyperglycaemic excursions as measured by continuous glucose monitoring system among people with type 2 diabetes in China. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 28:357–362",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1920,"url":242,"identifiers":1921},"Hasslacher C, Kulozik F (2016) Effect of renal function on serum concentration of 1,5-anhydroglucitol in type 2 diabetic patients in chronic kidney disease stages I-III: a comparative study with HbA1c and glycated albumin. J Diabetes 8(5):712–719",{"doi":244},{"id":1923,"text":1924,"url":1925,"identifiers":1926},"eb3fd4eb-88bd-4c57-830d-079bb156ad6c","Yamanouchi T, Ogata N, Tagaya T et al (1996) Clinical usefulness of serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol in monitoring glycaemic control. Lancet 347:1514–1518","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0140673696906728",{"doi":1927},"10.1016\u002Fs0140-6736(96)90672-8",{"id":240,"text":1929,"url":242,"identifiers":1930},"Kim WJ, Park CY, Lee KB et al (2012) Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol concentrations are a reliable index of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes with mild or moderate renal dysfunction. Diabetes Care 35(2):281–286",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1932,"url":242,"identifiers":1933},"Ko GT, Chan JC, Yeung VT et al (1998) Combined use of a fasting plasma glucose concentration and HbA1c or fructosamine predicts the likelihood of having diabetes in high-risk subjects. Diabetes Care 21(8):1221–1225",{"doi":244},{"id":240,"text":1935,"url":242,"identifiers":1936},"Sumner AE, Duong MT, Bingham BA et al (2016) Glycated albumin identifies prediabetes not detected by hemoglobin A1c: the Africans in America Study. Clin Chem 62(11):1524-1532",{"doi":244},{"id":1938,"createTime":1939,"updateTime":1940,"relativeEntities":1941,"slug":1942,"properties":1943,"entityType":121,"verifyStatus":122,"verifyTime":1954,"verifyNote":124,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":1955,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":1956,"publicationType":165,"publisherRelationship":2041,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":2095,"publishYear":2096,"citationAnalyzeStatus":17,"lastCitationAnalyze":2097,"indexDatabases":2098,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":552},"0fdf2520-b3fe-4d52-815c-588820b2a6ab","2024-01-10T22:29:51.283+00:00","2026-07-22T19:54:21.651+00:00",[],"Calcitriol-attenuates-renal-tubular-epithelial-cells-apoptosis-via-inhibiting-p38MAPK-signaling-in-diabetic-nephropathy",{"abstract":1944,"title":1946,"gsPaper":1948,"references":1950,"doi":1952},{"EN":1945},"To observe the effect of calcitriol on tubular epithelial cells apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to explore the possible mechanism of its renal protection. In vivo, DN rats established by streptozocin (STZ) were treated with or without calcitriol by gavage. Rats were killed at 18 weeks after treatment. In vitro, HK-2 cells were cultured in high glucose with or without 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. In some experiments, P38MAPK activator anisomycin was applied to incubate HK-2 cells. Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL or Annexin V-FITC\u002FPI staining with flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of VDR in kidney. Protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, VDR, pp38MAPK and p38MAPK was assessed by western blotting. Calcitriol treatment ameliorated the severity of proteinuria and reduced renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis in DN rats. In addition, calcitriol treatment significantly increased renal VDR expression and reduced the expression of p-p38MAPK in rats. In vitro, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 decreased the apoptotic rate of HK-2 cells induced by high glucose. In accord with the results from animal study, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 increased VDR expression, but decreased p-p38MAPK expression in HK-2 cells. Moreover, P38MAPK activator anisomycin blocked the anti-apoptotic effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on HK-2 cells. Calcitriol attenuates renal tubular cells apoptosis via VDR activation which inhibits p38MAPK signaling in DN rats.",{"EN":1947},"Calcitriol attenuates renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis via inhibiting p38MAPK signaling in diabetic nephropathy",{"VOID":1949},"[\"14261058683899635839\"]",{"VOID":1951},"Habib SL (2013) Diabetes and renal tubular cell apoptosis. World J Diabetes 4:27–30\nAbrass CK (1984) Diabetic proteinuria. glomerular or tubular in origin? Am J Nephrol 4:337–346\nRotbain Curovic V, Hansen TW, Eickhoff MK et al (2018) Urinary tubular biomarkers as predictors of kidney function decline, cardiovascular events and mortality in microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients. Acta Diabetol 55:1143–1150\nVerzola D, Gandolfo MT, Ferrario F et al (2007) Apoptosis in the kidneys of patients with type II diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int 72:1262–1272\nYu R, Zhang Y, Lu Z et al (2019) Long-chain non-coding RNA UCA1 inhibits renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis by targeting microRNA-206 in diabetic nephropathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 12:1–9\nBrezniceanu ML, Liu F, Wei CC et al (2008) Attenuation of interstitial fibrosis and tubular apoptosis in db\u002Fdb transgenic mice overexpressing catalase in renal proximal tubular cells. Diabetes 57:451–459\nAljack HA, Abdalla MK, Idris OF et al (2019) Vitamin D deficiency increases risk of nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. J Res Med Sci 24:47\nHu X, Liu W, Yan Y et al (2019) Vitamin D protects against diabetic nephropathy: evidence-based effectiveness and mechanism. Eur J Pharmacol 845:91–98\nZhang XL, Guo YF, Song ZX et al (2014) Vitamin D prevents podocyte injury via regulation of macrophage M1\u002FM2 phenotype in diabetic nephropathy rats. Endocrinology 155:4939–4950\nZhu X, Wu S, Guo H (2019) Active vitamin D and vitamin D receptor help prevent high glucose induced oxidative stress of renal tubular cells via AKT\u002FUCP2 signaling pathway. Biomed Res Int. 28:9013904\nKomers R, Lindsley JN, Oyama TT et al (2007) Renal p38 MAP kinase activity in experimental diabetes. Lab Invest 87:548–558\nSakai N, Wada T, Furuichi K et al (2005) Involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 in human diabetic nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis 45:54–65\nRamesh G, Reeves WB (2005) p38 MAP kinase inhibition ameliorates cisplatin nephrotoxicity in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 289:F166–174\nDuan X, Kong Z, Mai X et al (2018) Autophagy inhibition attenuates hyperoxaluria-induced renal tubular oxidative injury and calcium oxalate crystal depositions in the rat kidney. Redox Biol 16:414–425\nGembillo G, Cernaro V, Salvo A et al (2019) Role of vitamin D status in diabetic patients with renal disease. Medicina (Kaunas) 55:273\nEltablawy N, Ashour H, Rashed LA et al (2018) Vitamin D protection from rat diabetic nephropathy is partly mediated through Klotho expression and renin-angiotensin inhibition. Arch Physiol Biochem 124:461–467\nZhao Y, Guo Y, Jiang Y et al (2018) Vitamin D suppresses macrophage infiltration by down-regulation of TREM-1 in diabetic nephropathy rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 473:44–52\nZhang X, Song Z, Guo Y et al (2015) The novel role of TRPC6 in vitamin D ameliorating podocyte injury in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 399:155–165\nWang H, Wang J, Qu H et al (2016) In vitro and in vivo inhibition of mTOR by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to improve early diabetic nephropathy via the DDIT4\u002FTSC2\u002FmTOR pathway. Endocrine 54:348–359\nKim YO, Li C, Sun BK et al (2005) Preconditioning with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 protects against subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat kidney. Nephron Exp Nephrol 100:e85–94\nCui X, Gooch H, Petty A et al (2017) Vitamin D and the brain: genomic and non-genomic actions. Mol Cell Endocrinol 453:131–143\nZhang X, Zhou M, Guo Y et al (2015) 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Promotes High Glucose-Induced M1 Macrophage Switching to M2 via the VDR-PPARγ Signaling Pathway. Biomed Res Int 2015:157834\nHaussler MR, Jurutka PW, Mizwicki M et al (2011) Vitamin D receptor (VDR)-mediated actions of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)vitamin D(3): genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 25:543–559\nFinkel T, Holbrook NJ (2000) Oxidants, oxidative stress and the biology of ageing. Nature. 408:239–247\nAdhikary L, Chow F, Nikolic-Paterson DJ et al (2004) Abnormal p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling in human and experimental diabetic nephropathy. Diabetologia 47:1210–1222\nHu Y, Ye S, Xing Y et al (2020) Saxagliptin attenuates glomerular podocyte injury by increasing the expression of renal nephrin and podocin in type 2 diabetic rats. Acta Diabetol 57:279–286\nLim AK, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Ma FY et al (2009) Role of MKK3-p38 MAPK signalling in the development of type 2 diabetes and renal injury in obese db\u002Fdb mice. Diabetologia 52:347–358",{"VOID":1953},"10.1007\u002Fs00592-020-01554-0","2024-06-25T15:29:19.056+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-020-01554-0",[1957,1972,1987,2000,2015,2028],{"id":1958,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":1959,"affiliations":1960,"properties":1969,"displayName":1971,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"17a1a6c3-7b21-48df-b6fe-383f80175b43",[130],[1961],{"id":1962,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1963,"properties":18},"8d19eb7a-0640-4084-b2a9-3d8a78e39393",{"id":1962,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1964,"slug":18,"properties":1965,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1968,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1966},{"VI":1967},"Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, First Affilated Hospital of Jiaxing Universty, Jiaxing, China",[],{"title":1970},{"VI":1971},"Yinfeng Guo",{"id":1973,"sortIndex":97,"researcher":18,"roles":1974,"affiliations":1975,"properties":1984,"displayName":1986,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"7b487a2f-834b-48eb-8090-35f5b2cb81de",[130],[1976],{"id":1977,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1978,"properties":18},"b43461f9-f770-43c9-9ccf-45a7bfde3cee",{"id":1977,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1979,"slug":18,"properties":1980,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1983,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1981},{"VI":1982},"Institute of Nephrology, School of Medicine, ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China",[],{"title":1985},{"VI":1986},"Xiaotong Xie",{"id":1988,"sortIndex":223,"researcher":18,"roles":1989,"affiliations":1990,"properties":1997,"displayName":1999,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"cade9a77-0db1-4f6d-95f3-3efb69a83f15",[130],[1991],{"id":1977,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":1992,"properties":18},{"id":1977,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":1993,"slug":18,"properties":1994,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":1996,"statistic":18},[],{"title":1995},{"VI":1982},[],{"title":1998},{"VI":1999},"Yu Zhao",{"id":2001,"sortIndex":98,"researcher":18,"roles":2002,"affiliations":2003,"properties":2012,"displayName":2014,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"af798725-8488-4dc9-8df6-c96c59049a63",[130],[2004],{"id":2005,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":2006,"properties":18},"3f1b8bac-757b-444f-a431-91578ef33568",{"id":2005,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2007,"slug":18,"properties":2008,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":2011,"statistic":18},[],{"title":2009},{"VI":2010},"Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical Universty, Huaian, China",[],{"title":2013},{"VI":2014},"Min Zhou",{"id":2016,"sortIndex":629,"researcher":18,"roles":2017,"affiliations":2018,"properties":2025,"displayName":2027,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"275b763c-7c32-4eaf-9ae4-a2eb15d46d8a",[130],[2019],{"id":1977,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":2020,"properties":18},{"id":1977,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2021,"slug":18,"properties":2022,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":2024,"statistic":18},[],{"title":2023},{"VI":1982},[],{"title":2026},{"VI":2027},"Ying Yang",{"id":2029,"sortIndex":95,"researcher":18,"roles":2030,"affiliations":2031,"properties":2038,"displayName":2040,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"29e41649-0e2c-4f75-b54f-11edc4af625d",[130],[2032],{"id":1977,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":2033,"properties":18},{"id":1977,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2034,"slug":18,"properties":2035,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":2037,"statistic":18},[],{"title":2036},{"VI":1982},[],{"title":2039},{"VI":2040},"Xiaoliang Zhang",{"url":1955,"publisher":2042,"properties":2090},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":2043,"slug":10,"properties":2044,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":2047,"manageAffiliations":2064,"indexDatabases":2070,"url":92,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":2085,"gsStatistic":18,"type":101,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":2045,"title":2046},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[2048,2052,2056,2060],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2049,"label":2050,"description":2051,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},{"id":28,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2053,"label":2054,"description":2055,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":31},{},{"id":34,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2057,"label":2058,"description":2059,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":37},{},{"id":40,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2061,"label":2062,"description":2063,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":43},{},[2065],{"id":47,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2066,"slug":18,"properties":2067,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":2069,"statistic":18},[],{"title":2068},{"EN":51},[53],[2071,2078],{"id":56,"indexDatabase":2072,"url":67,"indexYears":68,"academicFieldIds":2077,"indexDatabaseRanking":74},{"id":58,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2073,"label":2074,"description":2075,"key":64,"publicationTags":2076,"standard":18},[],{"EN":61,"VI":61},{"EN":61,"VI":63},[66],[70,71,72,73],{"id":76,"indexDatabase":2079,"url":89,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":2084,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":78,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2080,"label":2081,"description":2082,"key":85,"publicationTags":2083,"standard":18},[],{"EN":81,"VI":81},{"EN":83,"VI":84},[87,88],[91],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":2086,"i10Index":19,"i10IndexLast5Year":19,"totalPublication":95,"totalPublicationByYear":2087,"totalCitation":19,"totalCitationByYear":2088,"totalCitationPerPublication":19,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":2089,"hindexLast5Year":19,"hindex":19},{},{"2022":97,"2023":98,"2024":97},{},{},{"pages":2091,"volume":2093},{"VOID":2092},"1327-1335",{"VOID":2094},"57","2020-06-18",2020,"2026-07-22T19:54:21.650+00:00",[74,87],{"id":2100,"createTime":2101,"updateTime":2102,"relativeEntities":2103,"slug":2104,"properties":2105,"entityType":121,"verifyStatus":122,"verifyTime":2116,"verifyNote":124,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":2117,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":2118,"publicationType":165,"publisherRelationship":2134,"citationCount":18,"citationInfo":18,"publishDate":2188,"publishYear":2189,"citationAnalyzeStatus":225,"lastCitationAnalyze":2102,"indexDatabases":2190,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":552},"e1e1ed03-799f-4d11-815d-6f4d0a482d9a","2023-12-29T19:00:47.976+00:00","2026-07-22T10:01:53.927+00:00",[],"Le-modificazioni-glicemiche-conseguenti-alla-somministrazione-endovenosa-di-tolbutamide-nella-gravidanza-e-nel-puerperio",{"abstract":2106,"title":2108,"gsPaper":2110,"references":2112,"doi":2114},{"EN":2107},"L'A. ha studiato iltest alla tolbutamide in 15 donne con gravidanza a termine, 15 in primo puerperio e 15 in tardo puerperio. La caduta glicemica è stata tardiva in tutti e tre i gruppi, particolarmente nelle donne gravide. Anche la risalita della glicemia verso i valori di partenza si è dimostrata scarsa. Vengono discussi i motivi di questa risposta allo stimolo tolbutamidico e vengono considerati i criteri valutativi nella interpretazione deltest alla tolbutamide in gravidanza ed in puerperio.",{"EN":2109},"Le modificazioni glicemiche conseguenti alla somministrazione endovenosa di tolbutamide nella gravidanza e nel puerperio",{"VOID":2111},"[\"17600249642507808672\"]",{"VOID":2113},"Andreotti L., Bianucci G., Nuzzaci G.: Osservazioni sui rapporti fra le alterazioni del metabolismo dei carboidrati e dei grassi nei soggetti aterosclerotici. Modificazioni della glicemia e del tasso dei NEFA da somministrazione endovenosa di tolbutamide - Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper.39 19, 1963.\nBurt R. L.: Peripheral Utilization of Glucose in Pregnancy. III: Insulin Tolerance -Obstet. and Gynec.7 658, 1956.\nBurt R. L.: Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acids in Normal Pregnancy and Puerperium -Obstet. and Gynec.15 460, 1960.\nBayllis R. I. S., Browne J. C., Round B. P., Steinbeck A. W.: Plasma 17-Hydroxycorti-costeroids in Pregnancy - Lancet1 62, 1955.\nCallegari G., Brunelli M.: Modificazioni della curva da carico glicemico nella gravidanza fisiologica sotto l'azione delle sulfaniluree - Riv. Ostet. Ginec. prat.40 707, 1958.\nCampbell J.: Diabetogenic Action of Growth Hormone in:Smith R. W., Graebler O. H., Long C. N. H. The hypophyseal Growth Hormone, Nature and Action - Ed. Mc Graw-Hill, New York, 1955.\nCandiani G. B., Polvani F.: Il dosaggio dell'ormone somatotropo nella macrosomia fetale -Atti Soc. Ostet. Ginec.7 218, 1958.\nChesley L. C., Kaufmann P., Paverstein C.: Progressive Resistance to Intravenous Tolbutamide in Pregnancy - Metabolism10 454, 1961.\nCavallero C., Sala G.: Effetto del cortisone sulle isole pancreatiche del ratto normale -Boll. Soc. ital. Pat.1 763, 1950.\nCiasca G., Macario A.: Modificazioni del coefficiente di assimilazione glicidico nello stato puerperale indotte dai farmaci antidiabetici (D 860) - Monit. ostet.-ginec.29 263, 1958.\nCobley J. F. C. G., Lancaster H. O.: Carbohydrate Tolerance in Pregnancy - Med. J. Aust.1 171, 1955.\nColowick: citato daQuinto.\nCreutzfeldt W., Wille K., Kaup H.: Intravenöse Belastungen mit Glucose, Insulin und Tolbutamid bei Gesunden, Diabetikern, Leberzirrhotikern und Insulomträgern - Dtsch. med. Wschr.87 2189, 1962.\nCzyzyk A., Kasperska T.: Methoden der Frühdiagnose des Prädiabetes - Simp. Inter. Diabete - Modena 21–22 Sett. 1963.\nDe Bastiani G., Granata L., Sperti L.: Azione diabetogena di estratti di ipofisi anteriore nel ratto albino a dieta povera in cistina - Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper.29 227, 1953.\nElrick H.: Pancreatic Hyperglicemic Factor and Growth - Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.)82 76, 1953.\nFlorentin P., Picard D., Weiss M.: Modification du pancreas endocrine au course de la gestation - C.R. Soc. Biol. (Paris)117 188, 1934.\nFreinkel N.: The Effect of Pregnancy on Insulin Homeostasis - Diabetes13 260, 1964.\nFreinkel N., Goodner C. J.: Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy. I° The Metabolism of Insulin by Human Placental Tissue - J. clin. Invest.39 116, 1960.\nGaido I., Silvestroni F.: Saggi sulla funzionalità pancreatica con tolbutamide endovenosa -Clin. ter.23 2, 1962.\nGoodner C. J., Freinkel N.: Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy: the Turnover of Insulin I131 in Pregnant Rats - Endocrinology67 862, 1960.\nHurwitz D., Jensen D.: Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal Pregnancy -New Engl. J. Med.234 327, 1964.\nKaplan N. M.: Tolbutamide Tolerance Test in Carbohydrate Metabolism Evaluation - Arch. intern. Med.107 212, 1961.\nKaplan S. B., Grumbach M. M.: Studies of a Human and Simian Placental Hormone with Growth Hormone-like and Prolactin-like Activity - J. clin. Endocr.24 80, 1964.\nKinash B., Haist R. E.: Effect of ACTH and Cortisone on the Islets of Langerhans and the Pancreas - Diabetes2 112, 1953.\nKauchtschischwili G. M.: Il comportamento della fosforemia durante la curva glicemica da tolbutamide - G. Geront.8 293, 1961.\nKauchtschischwili G. M., Zerbi F.: Influenza della tolbutamide (endovena) sull'attività bioelettrica cerebrale - Boll. Soc. med.-chir. Pavia76 5–6, 1962.\nLarizza P., Grignani F.: Sul meccanismo dell'azione ipoglicemizzante delle sulfaniluree -Minerva med.47 1299, 1956.\nLatuejoul: citato daQuinto.\nLeake N. H., Burt R. L.: Insulin-like Activity in Serum During Pregnancy - Diabetes2 419, 1962.\nLeger L., Magdelaine M.: Exploration de l'équilibre glycemique par le test au tolbutamide intraveneux - Presse méd.70 2455, 1962.\nMacchi L.: Contributo allo studio del metabolismo glicidico nel puerperio fisiopatologico -Ann. Ostet. Ginec.83 249, 1961.\nMarazzini F., Bubani V.: La curva glicemica da carico endovenoso di glucosio nel corso della gravidanza - Atti Soc. Ostet. Ginec.6 100, 1957.\nMarigo S.: Modificazioni del coefficiente di assimilazione del glucosio indotte dai sulfamidici ipoglicemizzanti - Progr. med. (Napoli)13 779, 1957.\nMarigo S.: Applicazione diagnostica dei farmaci ipoglicemizzanti orali nel diabete mellito -Clin. ter.30 457, 1964.\nMassazza M.: Stati prediabetici e gravidanza - Atti Convegni Amais2 153, 1957.\nMoldow C. F.: on a Lipid Mobilization Substance in Serum of Pregnant Women of Probable Placental Origin - Diabetes13 424, 1964.\nO'Sullivan J. B., Mahan C. M.: Criteria for Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Pregnancy -Diabetes13 278, 1964.\nPalmas S., Patteri S., Pitzalis G.: Coefficiente di assimilazione glicidica e prove alla insulina ed alla tolbutamide endovena in soggetti sani, diabetici e con cirrosi epatica - Studi sassaresi40 289, 1962.\nPanton: citato daQuinto.\nPellegrini R.: Ricerche sul valore diagnostico del test di tolleranza alla tolbutamide -Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper.36 1737, 1960.\nPolosa P., Motta L., Turrisi F., Mazzone D.: Il valore clinico della curva glicemica dopo tolbutamide endovena - Rif. med.79 997, 1963.\nQuinto P., Bottiglioni F., Orlandi C.: Metabolismo glicidico e stato puerperale - Ed. Cappelli, Bologna, 1964.\nRandle P. J.: The Influence of Growth Hormone on Blood Insulin and Glucagon Activity. InSmith R. W. Jr.,Graebler O. N., Long C. N. H. The Hypophyseal Growth Hormone, Nature, and Action - Ed. Mc Graw-Hill, New York, 1955.\nRandle P. J., Garland P. B., Hales C. N., Newsholme E. A.: The Glucose Fatty-Acid Cycle. Its Role in Insulin Sensitivity and the Metabolic Disturbances of Diabetes Mellitus -Lancet1 785, 1963.\nRichard P., Burt R. L.: Reactivity to Tolbutamide in Normal Pregnancy- Obstet. and Gynec.12 447, 1958.\nRichard L., Burt R. L.: Further Observations on Reactivity to Insulin in Normal Pregnancy- Obstet. and Gynec.13 443, 1959.\nRosenloecher K.: Die Veraenderungen des Pankreas in der Schwangerschaft bei Mensch und Tier - Arch. Gynäk.151 567, 1932.\nSpellacy W. N., Goetz F. G.: Plasma Insulin in Normal Late Pregnancy -New Engl. J. Med.268 988, 1963.\nUnger H. R., Madison L. L.: Comparison of Response to Intravenously Administred Sodium Tolbutamide in Mild Diabetic and non Diabetic Subjects - J. clin. Invest.37 627, 1958.\nUnger H. R., Madison L. L.: A New Diagnostic Procedure for Mild Diabetes Mellitus. Evaluation of an Intravenous Tolbutamide Response Test - Diabetes7 455, 1958.\nUnger H. R., Madison L. L.: The Intravenous Tolbutamide Response Test in the Diagnosis of Mild Diabetes - Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.82 667, 1959.\nVallance-Owen J., Lilley M. D.: An Insulin Antagonist Associated with Plasma Albumin- Lancet1 804, 1961.\nWelsh W. W.: Studies of Abnormal Glucose Metabolism in Pregnancy - Diabetes9 466, 1960.\nWelsh G. W.: Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Pregnancy: Studies of Cortisol Secretion and Growth Hormone - Excerpta med. Intern. Congr. Series n° 74, 164, 1964.\nWilliams-Eastam: Ostetricia - Ed. Macrì, Napoli, 1958.\nYoung F. G.: Ormone di accrescimento e diabete mellito - Minerva med.46 899, 1955.",{"VOID":2115},"10.1007\u002FBF01550336","2024-06-25T20:10:19.344+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002FBF01550336",[2119],{"id":2120,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":2121,"affiliations":2122,"properties":2131,"displayName":2133,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"fac248ff-4feb-4bda-95b2-25c07e72b1eb",[130],[2123],{"id":2124,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":2125,"properties":18},"4318687f-4a09-4501-b889-27acec7a994e",{"id":2124,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2126,"slug":18,"properties":2127,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":2130,"statistic":18},[],{"title":2128},{"VI":2129},"Ospedale Fatebenefratelli-Fatebenesorelle Ciceri-Agnesi, Divisione Ostetrico-Ginecologica, Milano, Italy",[],{"title":2132},{"VI":2133},"Vincenzo Scaglione",{"url":2117,"publisher":2135,"properties":2183},{"id":6,"createTime":7,"updateTime":8,"relativeEntities":2136,"slug":10,"properties":2137,"entityType":16,"verifyStatus":17,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"subjectFields":2140,"manageAffiliations":2157,"indexDatabases":2163,"url":92,"thumbnailPath":18,"statistic":2178,"gsStatistic":18,"type":101,"analyzePriority":18},[],{"issn":2138,"title":2139},{"VOID":13},{"EN":15},[2141,2145,2149,2153],{"id":22,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2142,"label":2143,"description":2144,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":25},{},{"id":28,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2146,"label":2147,"description":2148,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":31},{},{"id":34,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2150,"label":2151,"description":2152,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":37},{},{"id":40,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2154,"label":2155,"description":2156,"parentId":18,"standard":18,"scholarHubFieldId":18},[],{"EN":43},{},[2158],{"id":47,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2159,"slug":18,"properties":2160,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":2162,"statistic":18},[],{"title":2161},{"EN":51},[53],[2164,2171],{"id":56,"indexDatabase":2165,"url":67,"indexYears":68,"academicFieldIds":2170,"indexDatabaseRanking":74},{"id":58,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2166,"label":2167,"description":2168,"key":64,"publicationTags":2169,"standard":18},[],{"EN":61,"VI":61},{"EN":61,"VI":63},[66],[70,71,72,73],{"id":76,"indexDatabase":2172,"url":89,"indexYears":18,"academicFieldIds":2177,"indexDatabaseRanking":18},{"id":78,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2173,"label":2174,"description":2175,"key":85,"publicationTags":2176,"standard":18},[],{"EN":81,"VI":81},{"EN":83,"VI":84},[87,88],[91],{"impactFactor":19,"impactFactorByYear":2179,"i10Index":19,"i10IndexLast5Year":19,"totalPublication":95,"totalPublicationByYear":2180,"totalCitation":19,"totalCitationByYear":2181,"totalCitationPerPublication":19,"totalCitationPerPublicationByYear":2182,"hindexLast5Year":19,"hindex":19},{},{"2022":97,"2023":98,"2024":97},{},{},{"pages":2184,"volume":2186},{"VOID":2185},"43-56",{"VOID":2187},"2","1965-01-01",1965,[87],{"id":2192,"createTime":2193,"updateTime":2194,"relativeEntities":2195,"slug":2196,"properties":2197,"entityType":121,"verifyStatus":122,"verifyTime":2208,"verifyNote":124,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":19,"primaryUrl":2209,"fullTextUrl":18,"authors":2210,"publicationType":165,"publisherRelationship":2416,"citationCount":19,"citationInfo":2470,"publishDate":2473,"publishYear":2471,"citationAnalyzeStatus":225,"lastCitationAnalyze":2474,"indexDatabases":2475,"openAccess":18,"references":18,"isForceReanalyzing":552},"9de02032-a503-458e-8115-6c6d92e86280","2024-02-16T09:26:51.946+00:00","2026-07-22T05:07:47.113+00:00",[],"Characterization-of-circulating-leukocytes-and-correlation-of-leukocyte-subsets-with-metabolic-parameters-1-and-5-years-after-diabetes-diagnosis",{"abstract":2198,"title":2200,"gsPaper":2202,"references":2204,"doi":2206},{"EN":2199},"Infiltration of pancreatic islets with different leukocyte subtypes likely contributes to deterioration of glycemia in diabetes mellitus. Different subsets of leukocytes have been previously associated with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. This study aimed at examining these subsets at different stages of diabetes progression and possible relationships with metabolic parameters.\n A total of 206 patients, 76 with type 1 and 130 with type 2 diabetes, were studied within the first year of diabetes diagnosis. In addition, 31 patients with type 1 and 73 with type 2 diabetes were examined at 5 years after diagnosis. Whole body insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamps; insulin secretion by glucagon stimulation tests and white blood cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The percentage of peripheral CD8+ cells was 15% lower in patients with type 1 diabetes at 5 years than in patients at diabetes onset and correlated positively with fasting glycemia, total cholesterol and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (all r > 0.37, p \u003C 0.05), but not with insulin secretion. Patients with type 2 diabetes had 7% higher percentages of CD4+ cells after 5 years than those at diagnosis. CD4+ cells correlated with hsCRP (r = 0.36, p \u003C 0.05), whereas CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells did not correlate with any metabolic parameter.\n CD8+ T-cells associate with worse glycemia, lipidemia and inflammation after 5 years of type 1 diabetes, whereas CD4+ T-cells associate with increased inflammation after 5 years upon onset of type 2 diabetes.",{"EN":2201},"Characterization of circulating leukocytes and correlation of leukocyte subsets with metabolic parameters 1 and 5 years after diabetes diagnosis",{"VOID":2203},"[\"1401991014502597985\"]",{"VOID":2205},"Bluestone JA, Herold K, Eisenbarth G (2010) Genetics, pathogenesis and clinical interventions in type 1 diabetes. Nature 464:1293–1300\nPrentki M, Nolan CJ (2006) Islet β cell failure in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Investig 116:1802–1812\nKaul K, Apostolopoulou M, Roden M (2015) Insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Metab Clin Exp 64:1629–1639\nGepts W, In’t Veld PA (1987) Islet morphologic changes. Diabetes Metab Rev 3:859–872\nRodriguez-Calvo T, Ekwall O, Amirian N, Zapardiel-Gonzalo J, von Herrath MG (2014) Increased immune cell infiltration of the exocrine pancreas: a possible contribution to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 63:3880–3890\nLundberg M, Seiron P, Ingvast S, Korsgren O, Skog O (2017) Insulitis in human diabetes: a histological evaluation of donor pancreases. Diabetologia 60:346–353\nWilliams MD, Nadler JL (2007) Inflammatory mechanisms of diabetic complications. Curr Diabetes Rep 7:242–248\nMenart-Houtermans B, Rutter R, Nowotny B et al (2014) Leukocyte profiles differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and are associated with metabolic phenotypes: results from the German Diabetes Study (GDS). Diabetes Care 37:2326–2333\nSarikonda G, Pettus J, Phatak S et al (2014) CD8 T-cell reactivity to islet antigens is unique to type 1 while CD4 T-cell reactivity exists in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. J Autoimmun 50:77–82\nDonath MY, Shoelson SE (2011) Type 2 diabetes as an inflammatory disease. Nat Rev Immunol 11:98–107\nMatveyenko AV, Butler PC (2008) Relationship between beta-cell mass and diabetes onset. Diabetes Obes Metab 10(Suppl 4):23–31\nLibby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A (2002) Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 105:1135–1143\nBrooks-Worrell BM, Boyko EJ, Palmer JP (2014) Impact of islet autoimmunity on the progressive beta-cell functional decline in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 37:3286–3293\nDonath MY, Schumann DM, Faulenbach M, Ellingsgaard H, Perren A, Ehses JA (2008) Islet inflammation in type 2 diabetes: from metabolic stress to therapy. Diabetes Care 31(Suppl 2):S161–S164\nSzendroedi J, Saxena A, Weber KS et al (2016) Cohort profile: the German Diabetes Study (GDS). Cardiovasc Diabetol 15:59\nGreenbaum CJ, Mandrup-Poulsen T, McGee PF et al (2008) Mixed-meal tolerance test versus glucagon stimulation test for the assessment of beta-cell function in therapeutic trials in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 31:1966–1971\nChung FM, Tsai JC, Chang DM, Shin SJ, Lee YJ (2005) Peripheral total and differential leukocyte count in diabetic nephropathy: the relationship of plasma leptin to leukocytosis. Diabetes Care 28:1710–1717\nPertynska-Marczewska M, Kiriakidis S, Wait R, Beech J, Feldmann M, Paleolog EM (2004) Advanced glycation end products upregulate angiogenic and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in human monocyte\u002Fmacrophages. Cytokine 28:35–47\nSell H, Habich C, Eckel J (2012) Adaptive immunity in obesity and insulin resistance. Nat Rev Endocrinol 8:709–716\nMcLaughlin T, Liu LF, Lamendola C et al (2014) T-cell profile in adipose tissue is associated with insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 34:2637–2643\nValle A, Giamporcaro GM, Scavini M et al (2013) Reduction of circulating neutrophils precedes and accompanies type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 62:2072–2077\nPatsouris D, Li PP, Thapar D, Chapman J, Olefsky JM, Neels JG (2008) Ablation of CD11c-positive cells normalizes insulin sensitivity in obese insulin resistant animals. Cell Metab 8:301–309\nCnop M, Welsh N, Jonas JC, Jorns A, Lenzen S, Eizirik DL (2005) Mechanisms of pancreatic beta-cell death in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: many differences, few similarities. Diabetes 54(Suppl 2):S97–107\nCoppieters KT, Dotta F, Amirian N et al (2012) Demonstration of islet-autoreactive CD8 T cells in insulitic lesions from recent onset and long-term type 1 diabetes patients. J Exp Med 209:51–60\nKraakman MJ, Murphy AJ, Jandeleit-Dahm K, Kammoun Héè L (2014) Macrophage polarization in obesity and type 2 diabetes: weighing down our understanding of macrophage function? Front Immunol 5:470\nZeyda M, Farmer D, Todoric J et al (2007) Human adipose tissue macrophages are of an anti-inflammatory phenotype but capable of excessive pro-inflammatory mediator production. Int J Obes (2005) 31:1420–1428\nDworacka M, Wesolowska A, Wysocka E, Winiarska H, Iskakova S, Dworacki G (2014) Circulating CD3+56+ cell subset in pre-diabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes Off J Germ Soc Endocrinol Germ Diabetes Assoc 122:65–70",{"VOID":2207},"10.1007\u002Fs00592-018-1143-x","2024-06-24T01:00:26.202+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Flink.springer.com\u002Farticle\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00592-018-1143-x",[2211,2244,2264,2284,2304,2326,2349,2376,2389],{"id":2212,"sortIndex":19,"researcher":18,"roles":2213,"affiliations":2214,"properties":2241,"displayName":2243,"givenName":18,"familyName":18},"9260d3b3-74ac-42b8-8471-929426cc3d2a",[130],[2215,2223,2232],{"id":2216,"sortIndex":19,"affiliation":2217,"properties":18},"32f9f635-c8eb-49c2-a441-56b23de50850",{"id":2216,"createTime":18,"updateTime":18,"relativeEntities":2218,"slug":18,"properties":2219,"entityType":18,"verifyStatus":18,"verifyTime":18,"verifyNote":18,"languages":18,"translateLanguages":18,"viewCount":18,"url":18,"parentIds":2222,"statistic":18},[],{"title":2220},{"VI":2221},"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, c\u002Fo German Diabetes Center, 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