Winning the global race for solar silicon

JOM - 2009
D. C. Lynch1
1Lowell Institute for Mineral Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

M.G. Mauk, R.E. Sims, and R.B. Hall, AIP Conf. Proc., 404(1) (1997), pp. 21–28.

B. Alpert, “Nightfall Comes to Solar Land,” Barrons On Line (30 March 2009), http://online.barrons.com/article/SB)23820188149562545.html .

RBC Capital Markets Report—RBC’s Daily Snapshot, Global Clean Energy Directions (28 May 2009).

A. Feltrin and A. Freundlich, Renewable Energy, 33(2) (2008), pp. 180–185.

W. Hoffmann, “Toward an Effective European Industrial Policy for Photovoltaics” (Paper presented at 20th EPIA AGM, Athens, Greece, 7–8 May 2004).

A. Schei, J.Kr. Tuset, and H. Tveit, Production of High Silicon Alloys (Trondheim, Norway: Tapir, 1998), p. 61.

E.H. Myrhaug and H. Tveit, “Material Balances of Trace Elements in the Ferrosilicon and Silicon Processes,” Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings- Vol. 58 (Warrendale, PA: AIST, 2000), pp. 591–604.

A. Schei, J.Kr. Tuset, and H. Tveit, in Ref. 6, p. 90.

D.C. Lynch, Proceedings of the Silicon for the Chemical Industry VII, ed. H.A. Øye, A. Holaa, and L. Nygaard (Trondheim, Norway: Dept. Mat. Tech. NTNU, 2004), pp. 17–31.

S. Ueda, K. Morita, and N. Sano, Metall. & Mat. Trans. B, 28B(6) (1997), pp. 1151–1155.

V. Dosaj, Dow Corning, private communication with author (May 2009).

G. Halvorsen, “Method for Production of Pure Silicon,” U.S. patent 4,539,194 (3 September 1985).

A. Schei, J.Kr. Tuset, and H. Tveit, in Ref. 6, pp. 285–291.

D.C. Lynch, Proceedings of the Silicon for the Chemical Industry VI, eds. H. A. Øye, H. Rong, L. Nygaard, G. Schűssler, and J. K. Tuset (Trondheim, Norway: Dept. Chem. NTNU, 2002), pp. 73–91.

H.C. Theuerer, J. Metals, 8 (1956), pp. 1316–1319.

N. Yuge et al., Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 34(1–4) (1994), pp. 243–250.

K. Suzuki and N. Sano, 10th Int. E.C. Photovol? taic Sol. Energy Conf. Proc, ed. L. Antonio (Dordrecht, Neth.: Kluwer, 1991), pp. 273–275.

H. Fujiwara et al., JIM, 60(1) (1996), pp. 65–71.

D.C. Lynch and M. A. Lynch, in Ref. 9, pp. 307–318.

J.C.S. Pires et al., J. Mat. Proc. Tech., 169(1) (2005), pp. 21–25.

S. Tabuchi and N. Sano, Metall. Trans. B, 15B(6) (1984), pp.351–356.

A.I. Zaitsev, N.E. Shelkova, and A.A. Kodentsov, J. Phase Equilibria, 21(6) (2000), pp. 528–533.

T. Miki, K. Morita, and N. Sano, Metall. & Mat. Trans. B, 29B(5) (1998), pp. 1043–1049.

M. Tanahashi, T. Fujisawa, and C. Yamauchi, Value-Addition Metallurgy, ed. W.D. Cho and H.Y Sohn (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1998), pp. 103–109.

K. Yanaba et al., Mat. Trans. JIM, 38(11) (1997), pp. 990–994.

T. Miki, K. Morita, and M. Yamawaki, J. Mass Spec-trom. Soc. Japan, 47(2) (1999), pp. 72–75.

C.H.P. Lupis, Chemical Thermodynamics of Materials (NewYork: Elsevier Sci., 1983), pp. 257–259.

H. Fujiwara et al., Mat. Trans. JIM, 37(4) (1996), pp. 923–926.

W.G. Pfann, Zone Melting, 2nd ed. (New York: Wiley, 1966).

E.A. Good et al., 12th Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers, ed. B.L. Sopori (Golden, CO: NREL, 2002), pp. 236–239.

K. Morita and T. Yoshikwa, Proceedings of the Silicon for the Chemical and Soar Industry IX, ed. H.A. Øye et al. (Trondheim, Norway: Dept. Mat. Sci. and Engr. NTNU, 2008), pp. 51–59.

T. Yoshikwa and K. Morita, Metall. & Mat. Trans. B, 36B(4) (2005), pp. 731–736.

T. Yoshikwa and K. Morita, Sci. & Tech. Adv. Mat, 4 (2003), pp. 531–537.

L. Nygaard, in Ref. 31, pp. 143–155.

N. Yuge et al., Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl., 9(3) (2001), pp. 203–209.

E. Enebakk et al., “A Calcium-Silicate Based Slag for Treatment of Molten Silicon,” WIPO patent application 03/097528 A1 (27 November 2003).

A. Schei, “Method for Refining Silicon,” EP patent 0 699 625 B1 (24 March 1999).

N. Ito et al., “Apparatus and Process for Producing High-Purity Silicon,” EP patent application 1,958,923 A1 (20 November 2008).

J.V.D. Avyle, P. Ho, and J.M. Gee, Silicon PurificationMelting for Photovoltaic Applications-SAND 2000-0821 (Sandia National Laboratories, NM: DOE April 2000).

R. F. Clark et al., “Method and Application for Purifying Silicon,” WIPO patent application 02/16265 (28 February 2002).

D. C. Lynch and H. A. Øye, “Silicon Refining Process,” U.S. patent application 2007/0245854 A1 (25 October 2007).

S. Nichol, “Method for Purifying Silicon,” WIPO patent application 2007/112592 A1 (11 October 2007).