Tourism and poverty reduction: theory and practice in less economically developed countries

Journal of Sustainable Tourism - Tập 20 Số 3 - Trang 297-317 - 2012
Anna Spenceley1, Debra Meyer2
1School of Tourism and Hospitality, Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, & Spenceley Tourism And Development cc (STAND), PO Box 543 , Sonpark , Nelspruit , 1206 , South Africa
2Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, 38-40 Howard Street , Sheffield , South Yorkshire , S1 1WB , UK

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Ahebwa W. M., 2012, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20

10.1016/S0261-5177(96)00077-5

Akama J. S., 2004, Tourism and postcolonialism: Contested discourses, identities and representations, 140

10.2167/jost543.0

Anker R., 1998, Gender and job: Sex segregation of occupations in the world

Ashley C., 2005, Making tourism count for the local economy in the Dominican Republic: Ideas for good practice

Ashley C., 2008, Responsible tourism: Critical issues for conservation and development, 129

10.1111/1467-7679.00141

Ashley C. ,, 2007, Assessing how tourism revenues reach the poor

Ashley C., 2009, Opportunity study guidelines

Ashley C., 2001, Pro-poor tourism strategies: Making tourism work for the poor: A review of experience

10.5367/000000007782696122

10.1016/0160-7383(83)90005-1

10.1086/451428

Bennett O., 1999, Sustainable tourism and poverty elimination: A report for the Department for International Development

Boschee J., 2003, Toward a better understanding of social entrepreneurship: Some important distinctions

10.1080/02508281.2010.11081640

10.1080/09669582.2011.580586

10.1016/0160-7383(82)90018-4

Brockington D., 2008, International Journal of African Historical Studies, 41, 557

10.1016/0160-7383(95)00043-7

Bryden J., 1973, Tourism and development: A case study of the Commonwealth Caribbean

10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00099-1

10.1016/j.annals.2003.08.001

10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00894.x

10.1111/j.1467-7660.2009.01621.x

10.1177/004728759002800310

10.1596/1813-9450-4703

10.1080/09669580903524852

10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00046-2

Cochrane J., 2012, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20

10.2167/jost607.0

Cotula L., 2009, Land grab or development opportunity? Agricultural investment and international land deals in Africa

Dann G., 2002, The companion to development studies, 236

De Kadt E., 1979, Tourism: Passport to development?

De Kadt E., 1990, Making the alternative sustainable: Lessons from development for tourism

10.1080/14616680050027888

Dixey L., 2008, Responsible tourism: Critical issues for conservation and development, 323

Duffy R., 2002, A trip too far

Ellis, F. , 1999. "Rural livelihood diversity in developing countries: Evidence and policy implications". London: Overseas Development Institute; 1999, ODI Natural Resource Perspectives No. 40).

10.1080/00220380410001673175

10.1080/09669582.2011.630470

Farrington J., 1999, Sustainable livelihoods in practice: Early applications of concepts in rural areas

10.1080/14616740903429080

10.1080/14790530701554173

Friedmann J., 1992, Empowerment: The politics of alternative development

10.1007/978-1-349-16161-4

Giddens A., 1984, The constitution of society: Outline of the theory of structuration

Goodwin H., 2006, Community-based tourism: Failing to deliver?

10.21832/9781845410766

10.1079/9781845930660.0000

Harrison D., 2003, Pacific Island tourism, 1

10.2167/cit310.0

Haughton J., 2009, Handbook on poverty and inequality

Häusler N., 2008, Community based tourism – what works and what does not work?

10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.020

Homewood K., 2009, Staying Maasai? Livelihoods, conservation, and development in East African rangelands

10.1080/09669582.2012.663381

Jafari J., 2001, Hosts and guests revisited: Tourism issues of the 21st century, 28

10.1016/0160-7383(94)00067-3

10.1080/03768350220123882

Krippendorf J., 1987, The holidaymakers

10.1080/0376835X.2010.522837

10.1080/0376835X.2010.522834

10.2167/jost723.0

10.1080/09669581003653526

10.1016/j.tourman.2003.11.005

10.21832/9781845411107-019

10.1017/S037689299800040X

10.2167/cit313.0

10.1079/9781845936624.0164

Mitchell J., 2012, Journal of Sustainable Tourism,, 20

Mitchell J., 2009, Value chain analysis and poverty reduction at scale

Mitchell J., 2010, Tourism and poverty reduction: Pathways to prosperity

Mitchell J., 2006, The Gambian tourist value chain and prospects for pro-poor tourism

Momsen J., 1996, Paper presented at the International Geographical Union Conference (IGU)

Mosse D., 2005, Cultivating development: An ethnography of aid policy and practice

Mowforth M., 2009, Tourism and sustainability: Development and new tourism in the Third World

Müller B., 1984, Geographische Rundschau, 36, 20

10.4324/9781849775052

10.1080/09669582.2011.630079

10.1111/j.1467-7660.2008.00496.x

10.1111/1477-8947.00056

10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0585:CWIAIC]2.0.CO;2

10.1111/j.0012-155X.2005.00411.x

Oppermann M., 1997, Tourism in developing countries

Page S., 1999, Tourism and development: The evidence from Mauritius, South Africa and Zimbabwe

10.9783/9781512807462-005

Pleumarom A., 1994, The Ecologist, 24, 142

Potter R., 1993, The development process in small island states, 92

Roe D., 2004, Tourism and the poor: Analysing and interpreting tourism statistics from a poverty perspective

Rogerson C., 2012, Journal of Sustainable Tourism,, 20

Rylance A., 2009, Training module for agriculture

10.21832/9781845411107-022

10.1080/0376835X.2010.522833

10.1080/09669582.2011.596279

10.1080/09669580008667360

Scheyvens R., 2002, Tourism for development: Empowering communities

10.2167/cit318.0

10.1080/02508281.2009.11081590

Scheyvens R., 2011, Tourism and poverty

Scheyvens R., 2012, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20

10.2167/cit304.0

Sen A., 1999, Development as freedom

10.9783/9781512807462

10.1080/09669582.2011.579617

Snyman S., 2012, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20

Sofield T., 2003, Empowerment for sustainable tourism development

Spenceley A., 2008, Responsible tourism: Critical issues for conservation and development, 285

Spenceley A., 2009, Tourism and local development: An introductory guide, core training manual

10.1080/09669582.2010.508527

10.1080/09669580208667182

10.1080/09669589608667267

Timothy D. J., 2007, Tourism, power and space, 203

10.1080/14616680210147436

10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00103-2

10.1191/1464993404ps092oa

Tourism Concern, 2004. Holidays from hell , TSSA Journal (2004), July/August. Retrieved http://mailhost.tssa.org.uk/article=78.php3?id_article=630.

10.2167/jtcc089.0

Tucker H., 2012, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20

2006, Tourism and least developed countries: A sustainable opportunity to reduce poverty

2011, UNWTO tourism highlights, 2011 edition

2011, Global report on women in tourism 2010

van der Duim R., 2011, New alliances for tourism, conservation and development in Eastern and Southern Africa

10.1080/09669580208667162

Wilderness Holdings Ltd., 2011. Integrated annual report 2011 , (2011), Retrieved from http://www.wilderness-group.com/system/assets/94/original/Integrated%20Annual%20Report%202011.pdf?1311953120.

10.1080/02614368700390111

10.4324/9780203197554

Williamson J., 2004, Paper presented at the Forum Barcelona 2004 conference “From the Washington Consensus towards a new global governance”

Wroughton L., 2008, Reuters

10.2167/cit296.0