SUHI analysis using Local Climate Zones—A comparison of 50 cities

Alexander, 2014, Local climate classification and Dublin's urban heat island, Atmosphere, 5, 755, 10.3390/atmos5040755 Allen, 2017, Time-Continuous Hemispherical Urban Surface Temperatures, Remote Sens., 10, 3, 10.3390/rs10010003 Arnfield, 2003, Two decades of urban climate research: a review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island, Int. J. Climatol., 23, 1, 10.1002/joc.859 Bechtel, 2012, Robustness of annual cycle parameters to characterize the Urban thermal landscapes, Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. IEEE, 9, 876, 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2185034 Bechtel, 2015, Recent advances in thermal remote sensing for urban planning and management, 1 Bechtel, 2015, Die Hitze in der Stadt verstehen – wie sich die jahreszeitliche Temperaturdynamik von Städten aus dem All beobachten lässt, 205 Bechtel, 2015, A New Global Climatology of Annual Land Surface Temperature, Remote Sens., 7, 2850, 10.3390/rs70302850 Bechtel, 2015, Mapping local climate zones for a worldwide database of the form and function of cities, ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 4, 199, 10.3390/ijgi4010199 Bechtel, 2018, Time series analysis of moderate resolution land surface temperatures Bechtel, 2012, Downscaling land surface temperature in an urban area: a case study for Hamburg, Germany, Remote Sens., 4, 3184, 10.3390/rs4103184 Bechtel, 2016, Towards consistent mapping of urban structures—global human settlement layer and local climate zones, ISPRS - Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci., XLI-B8, 1371, 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-1371-2016 Bechtel, 2017, Quality of crowdsourced data on Urban morphology—the human influence experiment (HUMINEX), Urban Sci., 1, 15, 10.3390/urbansci1020015 Bechtel, 2018, Beyond built-up—The internal makeup of urban areas Bechtel, 2019, Generating WUDAPT Level 0 data – current status of production and evaluation, Urban Clim., 27, 24, 10.1016/j.uclim.2018.10.001 Budhiraja, 2017, Spatio-temporal variability of urban heat islands in local climate zones of Delhi-NCR, 1043110 Cai, 2017 Carnahan, 1990, An analysis of an urban heat sink, Remote Sens. Environ., 33, 65, 10.1016/0034-4257(90)90056-R Chakraborty, 2019, A simplified urban-extent algorithm to characterize surface urban heat islands on a global scale and examine vegetation control on their spatiotemporal variability, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinformation, 74, 269, 10.1016/j.jag.2018.09.015 Ching, 2018, World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT), an urban weather, climate and environmental modeling infrastructure for the Anthropocene, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 99, 1907, 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0236.1 Clinton, 2013, MODIS detected surface urban heat islands and sinks: global locations and controls, Remote Sens. Environ., 134, 294, 10.1016/j.rse.2013.03.008 Conrad, 2015, System for automated geoscientific analyses (SAGA) v. 2.1.4, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 1991, 10.5194/gmd-8-1991-2015 Coutts, 2016, Thermal infrared remote sensing of urban heat: hotspots, vegetation, and an assessment of techniques for use in urban planning, Remote Sens. Environ., 186, 637, 10.1016/j.rse.2016.09.007 Dousset, 2011, Satellite monitoring of summer heat waves in the Paris metropolitan area, Int. J. Climatol., 31, 313, 10.1002/joc.2222 Dyce, 2018, The influence of tree crowns on urban thermal effective anisotropy, Urban Clim., 23, 91, 10.1016/j.uclim.2017.02.006 Fenner, 2014, Spatial and temporal air temperature variability in Berlin, Germany, during the years 2001–2010, 308 Fenner, 2017, Intra and inter ‘local climate zone'variability of air temperature as observed by crowdsourced citizen weather stations in Berlin, Germany, Meteorol. Z., 26, 525, 10.1127/metz/2017/0861 Fu, 2015, Temporal dynamics of land surface temperature from landsat TIR time series images, IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., 12, 2175, 10.1109/LGRS.2015.2455019 Gawuc, 2016, Impact of MODIS quality control on temporally aggregated Urban surface temperature and long-term surface Urban heat island intensity, Remote Sens., 8, 374, 10.3390/rs8050374 Geletič, 2016, Land surface temperature differences within local climate zones, based on two central European cities, Remote Sens., 8, 788, 10.3390/rs8100788 Geletic, 2017, Statistical analyses of land surface temperature in local climate zones: case study of Brno and Prague (Czech Republic), 1 Gorelick, 2017, Google earth engine: planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone, Remote Sens. Environ., 202, 18, 10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031 Göttsche, 2001, Modelling of diurnal cycles of brightness temperature extracted from METEOSAT data, Remote Sens. Environ., 76, 337, 10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00214-5 Göttsche, 2009, Modelling the effect of optical thickness on diurnal cycles of land surface temperature, Remote Sens. Environ., 113, 2306, 10.1016/j.rse.2009.06.006 Haashemi, 2016, Seasonal variations of the surface urban heat Island in a Semi-Arid City, Remote Sens., 8, 352, 10.3390/rs8040352 Hawkins, 2004, The role of rural variability in urban heat island determination for Phoenix, Arizona, J. Appl. Meteorol., 43, 476, 10.1175/1520-0450(2004)043<0476:TRORVI>2.0.CO;2 Hu, 2013, The impact of temporal aggregation of land surface temperature data for surface urban heat island (SUHI) monitoring, Remote Sens. Environ., 134, 162, 10.1016/j.rse.2013.02.022 Hu, 2016, A first satellite-based observational assessment of urban thermal anisotropy, Remote Sens. Environ., 181, 111, 10.1016/j.rse.2016.03.043 Imhoff, 2010, Remote sensing of the urban heat island effect across biomes in the continental USA, Remote Sens. Environ., 114, 504, 10.1016/j.rse.2009.10.008 Jiang, 2018, Remote estimation of complete urban surface temperature using only directional radiometric temperatures, Build. Environ., 135, 224, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.03.005 Jimenez-Munoz, 2009, Revision of the single-channel algorithm for land surface temperature retrieval from landsat thermal-infrared data, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 47, 339, 10.1109/TGRS.2008.2007125 Jiménez-Muñoz, 2014, Land surface temperature retrieval methods from Landsat-8 thermal infrared sensor data, IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., 11, 1840, 10.1109/LGRS.2014.2312032 Kalnay, 1996, The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437, 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0437:TNYRP>2.0.CO;2 Kaloustian, 2016, Local Climatic Zoning and Urban Heat Island in Beirut, 216 Kaloustian, 2017, Local climate zones and annual surface thermal response in a Mediterranean city, 1 Keramitsoglou, 2011, Identification and analysis of urban surface temperature patterns in Greater Athens, Greece, using MODIS imagery, Remote Sens. Environ., 115, 3080, 10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.014 Keramitsoglou, 2012, Evaluation of satellite-derived products for the characterization of the urban thermal environment, J. Appl. Remote. Sens., 6, 10.1117/1.JRS.6.061704 Kim, 2005, 591 Koc, 2018, Understanding land surface temperature differences of local climate zones based on airborne remote sensing data, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens., 11, 2724, 10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2815004 Krayenhoff, 2016, Daytime thermal anisotropy of Urban neighbourhoods: morphological causation, Remote Sens., 8, 108, 10.3390/rs8020108 Lagouarde, 2012, Experimental characterization and modelling of the nighttime directional anisotropy of thermal infrared measurements over an urban area: case study of Toulouse (France), Remote Sens. Environ., 117, 19, 10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.022 Lai, 2018, Does quality control matter? Surface urban heat island intensity variations estimated by satellite-derived land surface temperature products, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 139, 212, 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.03.012 Lai, 2018, Identification of typical diurnal patterns for clear-sky climatology of surface urban heat islands, Remote Sens. Environ., 217, 203, 10.1016/j.rse.2018.08.021 Lehnert, 2015, Urban field classification by “local climate zones” in a medium-sized central European city: the case of Olomouc (Czech Republic), Theor. Appl. Climatol., 122, 531, 10.1007/s00704-014-1309-6 Mirzaei, 2010, Approaches to study Urban Heat Island—abilities and limitations, Build. Environ., 45, 2192, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.04.001 Morrison, 2018, A novel method to obtain three-dimensional urban surface temperature from ground-based thermography, Remote Sens. Environ., 215, 268, 10.1016/j.rse.2018.05.004 Nassar, 2016, Dynamics and controls of urban heat sink and island phenomena in a desert city: development of a local climate zone scheme using remotely-sensed inputs, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinformation, 51, 76, 10.1016/j.jag.2016.05.004 Nichol, 2005, Remote sensing of urban heat islands by day and night, Photogramm. Eng. Remote. Sens., 71, 613, 10.14358/PERS.71.5.613 Nichol, 2009, Urban heat island diagnosis using ASTER satellite images and ‘in situ'air temperature, Atmos. Res., 94, 276, 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.06.011 Oke, 2017 Parastatidis, 2017, Online global land surface temperature estimation from Landsat, Remote Sens., 9, 1208, 10.3390/rs9121208 Peña, 2008, Relationships between remotely sensed surface parameters associated with the urban heat sink formation in Santiago, Chile, Int. J. Remote Sens., 29, 4385, 10.1080/01431160801908137 Peng, 2012, Surface Urban Heat Island across 419 Global big cities, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 696, 10.1021/es2030438 Rasul, 2016, Diurnal and seasonal variation of surface Urban cool and heat Islands in the semi-arid city of Erbil, Iraq, Climate, 4, 42, 10.3390/cli4030042 Saaroni, 2000, Spatial distribution and microscale characteristics of the urban heat island in Tel-Aviv, Israel, Landsc. Urban Plan., 48, 1, 10.1016/S0169-2046(99)00075-4 Schwarz, 2011, Exploring indicators for quantifying surface urban heat islands of European cities with MODIS land surface temperatures, Remote Sens. Environ., 115, 3175, 10.1016/j.rse.2011.07.003 Shih, 2017, The impact of urban development patterns on thermal distribution in Taipei, 1 Sismanidis, 2015, A satellite-based system for continuous monitoring of surface urban heat islands, Urban Clim., 14, 141, 10.1016/j.uclim.2015.06.001 Skarbit, 2015, Airborne surface temperature differences of the different local climate zones in the urban area of a medium sized city, 1 Skarbit, 2017, Employing an urban meteorological network to monitor air temperature conditions in the ‘local climate zones’ of Szeged, Hungary, Int. J. Climatol., 37, 582, 10.1002/joc.5023 Sobrino, 2012, Impact of spatial resolution and satellite overpass time on evaluation of the surface urban heat island effects, Remote Sens. Environ., 117, 50, 10.1016/j.rse.2011.04.042 Stewart, 2011, A systematic review and scientific critique of methodology in modern urban heat island literature, Int. J. Climatol., 31, 200, 10.1002/joc.2141 Stewart, 2012, Local climate zones for Urban temperature studies, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 93, 1879, 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00019.1 Stewart, 2014, Evaluation of the ‘local climate zone’ scheme using temperature observations and model simulations, Int. J. Climatol., 34, 1062, 10.1002/joc.3746 Tomlinson, 2011, Remote sensing land surface temperature for meteorology and climatology: a review, Meteorol. Appl., 18, 296, 10.1002/met.287 Tran, 2006, Assessment with satellite data of the urban heat island effects in Asian mega cities, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinformation, 8, 34, 10.1016/j.jag.2005.05.003 USGS (Ed.), 2018 Voogt, 2003, Thermal remote sensing of urban climates, Remote Sens. Environ., 86, 370, 10.1016/S0034-4257(03)00079-8 Wang, 2017, Impact of Urban climate landscape patterns on land surface temperature in Wuhan, China, Sustainability, 9, 1700, 10.3390/su9101700 Wang, 2018, Assessing local climate zones in arid cities: the case of Phoenix, Arizona and Las Vegas, Nevada, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 141, 59, 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.04.009 Wiesner, 2018, Is it possible to distinguish global and regional climate change from Urban Land cover induced signals? A mid-latitude city example, Urban Sci., 2, 11, 10.3390/urbansci2010012 Zhang, 2010, Characterizing urban heat islands of global settlements using MODIS and nighttime lights products, Can. J. Remote. Sens., 36, 185, 10.5589/m10-039 Zhongli, 2016, A study of Urban heat island intensity based on “local climate zones”: a case study in Fuzhou, China, 250 Zhou, 2013, On the statistics of urban heat island intensity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 5486, 10.1002/2013GL057320 Zhou, 2014, Surface urban heat island in China's 32 major cities: spatial patterns and drivers, Remote Sens. Environ., 152, 51, 10.1016/j.rse.2014.05.017